HomeMy WebLinkAbout2010 Urban Water Management Plan
City of Bakersfield
2010
Urban Water Management
Plan
Prepared for:
City of Bakersfield
Domestic and Wholesale Water Systems
April 2014
TABLE OF CONTENTS
Page
i
SECTION 1 .................................................................................................................. 1-1
PLAN PREPARATION ................................................................................................. 1-1
1.1 BACKGROUND ...................................................................................... 1-1
1.1.1 CITY OF BAKERSFIELD WATER SYSTEMS ............................. 1-2
1.2 COORDINATION .................................................................................... 1-3
1.2.1 COORDINATION WITH APPROPRIATE AGENCIES ................. 1-3
1.2.2 PLAN DISTRIBUTION ................................................................. 1-3
1.2.3 NOTICE OF PUBLIC HEARING .................................................. 1-4
1.2.4 PUBLIC PARTICIPATION ............................................................ 1-4
1.3 PLAN ADOPTION, SUBMITTAL, AND IMPLEMENTATION .................. 1-5
1.3.1 SUBMITTAL OF AMENDED PLAN .............................................. 1-5
1.3.2 PLAN ADOPTION ........................................................................ 1-5
1.3.3 PLAN IMPLEMENTATION ........................................................... 1-5
1.3.4 PLAN SUBMITTAL ....................................................................... 1-6
1.3.5 PUBLIC REVIEW ......................................................................... 1-6
SECTION 2 .................................................................................................................. 2-1
SYSTEM DESCRIPTION ............................................................................................. 2-1
2.1 SERVICE AREA PHYSICAL DESCRIPTION ......................................... 2-1
2.1.1 DESCRIPTION OF SERVICE AREA ........................................... 2-1
2.1.2 CLIMATE ..................................................................................... 2-2
2.1.3 OTHER DEMOGRAPHIC FACTORS .......................................... 2-3
2.2 SERVICE AREA POPULATION ............................................................. 2-3
SECTION 3 .................................................................................................................. 3-1
SYSTEM DEMANDS .................................................................................................... 3-1
3.1 BASELINES AND TARGETS ................................................................. 3-1
3.1.1 BASELINE DAILY PER CAPITA WATER USE ............................ 3-1
3.1.2 URBAN WATER USE TARGET ................................................... 3-4
3.1.3 COMPLIANCE DAILY PER CAPITA WATER USE ...................... 3-5
3.1.4 MINIMUM WATER USE REDUCTION REQUIREMENT ............. 3-6
3.2 PROGRESS REPORT ............................................................................ 3-7
3.3 WATER DEMANDS ................................................................................ 3-7
3.3.1 PAST, CURRENT, AND PROJECTED WATER DEMAND .......... 3-7
3.3.2 PROJECTED WATER DEMAND FOR LOWER INCOME
HOUSEHOLDS ............................................................................ 3-9
3.4 WHOLESALE WATER DEMAND PROJECTIONS ................................. 3-9
3.5 WATER USE REDUCTION PLAN ........................................................ 3-10
3.6 PUBLIC HEARING ............................................................................... 3-11
SECTION 4 .................................................................................................................. 4-1
SYSTEM SUPPLIES .................................................................................................... 4-1
4.1 WATER SOURCES ................................................................................ 4-1
4.1.1 GROUNDWATER ........................................................................ 4-1
4.1.2 CAL WATER NORTH GARDEN WATER TREATMENT
PLANT ......................................................................................... 4-1
TABLE OF CONTENTS
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4.1.3 KERN COUNTY WATER AGENCY IMPROVEMENT
DISTRICT NO. 4 .......................................................................... 4-2
4.1.4 LOCAL SURFACE WATER ......................................................... 4-2
4.2 GROUNDWATER ................................................................................... 4-3
4.2.1 MANAGEMENT OF THE KERN COUNTY SUB-BASIN .............. 4-3
4.2.2 DESCRIPTION OF KERN COUNTY SUB-BASIN ....................... 4-6
4.2.3 LOCATION, AMOUNT AND SUFFICIENCY OF
GROUNDWATER PUMPED FOR THE PAST FIVE YEARS ....... 4-6
4.2.4 LOCATION, AMOUNT AND SUFFICIENCY OF
GROUNDWATER PROJECTED TO BE PUMPED ...................... 4-7
4.3 TRANSFER OPPORTUNITIES .............................................................. 4-8
4.4 DESALINATED WATER OPPORTUNITIES ........................................... 4-8
4.5 RECYCLED WATER OPPORTUNITIES ................................................ 4-9
4.5.1 RECYCLED WATER AND POTENTIAL FOR USE ..................... 4-9
4.5.2 CURRENT RECYCLED WATER USE ....................................... 4-10
4.5.3 POTENTIAL USES OF RECYCLED WATER ............................ 4-10
4.5.4 PROJECTED RECYCLED WATER USE ................................... 4-11
4.5.5 ENCOURAGING USE OF RECYCLED WATER ....................... 4-11
4.5.6 OPTIMIZING RECYCLED WATER USE ................................... 4-11
4.6 FUTURE WATER PROJECTS ............................................................. 4-12
4.6.1 ADDITIONAL KERN RIVER WATER ......................................... 4-12
4.6.2 CONSTRUCTION OF SIX NEW PRODUCTION WELLS .......... 4-13
SECTION 5 .................................................................................................................. 5-1
WATER SUPPLY RELIABILITY AND WATER SHORTAGE CONTINGENCY
PLANNING ................................................................................................................... 5-1
5.1 WATER SUPPLY RELIABILITY ............................................................. 5-1
5.1.1 WATER MANAGEMENT TOOLS ................................................ 5-1
5.1.2 SUPPLY INCONSISTENCY ........................................................ 5-1
5.2 WATER SHORTAGE CONTINGENCY PLANNING ............................... 5-3
5.2.1 CATASTROPHIC INTERRUPTION OF WATER SUPPLIES ....... 5-3
5.2.2 MANDATORY PROHIBITIONS .................................................... 5-4
5.2.3 CONSUMPTION REDUCTION METHODS ................................. 5-4
5.2.4 PENALTIES OR CHARGES FOR EXCESSIVE USE .................. 5-4
5.2.5 REVENUE AND EXPENDITURE IMPACTS ................................ 5-6
5.2.6 DRAFT WATER SHORTAGE CONTINGENCY
RESOLUTION OR ORDINANCE ................................................. 5-6
5.3 WATER QUALITY .................................................................................. 5-7
5.3.1 GROUNDWATER ........................................................................ 5-7
5.3.2 SUPPLEMENTAL SURFACE WATER ........................................ 5-7
5.4 DROUGHT PLANNING .......................................................................... 5-8
5.4.1 RELIABILITY OF SUPPLY AND VULNERABILITY TO
SEASONAL OR CLIMATIC SHORTAGE ..................................... 5-8
TABLE OF CONTENTS
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5.4.2 STAGES OF ACTION IN RESPONSE TO WATER SUPPLY
SHORTAGES............................................................................. 5-10
5.4.3 THREE YEAR MINIMUM WATER SUPPLY .............................. 5-11
5.4.4 WATER USE REDUCTION MEASURING MECHANISM .......... 5-12
5.4.5 ASSESSMENT OF THE RELIABILITY OF WATER
SERVICE ................................................................................... 5-13
SECTION 6 .................................................................................................................. 6-1
DEMAND MANAGEMENT MEASURES ...................................................................... 6-1
6.1 DESCRIPTION OF DEMAND MANAGEMENT MEASURES ................. 6-2
6.1.1 WATER SURVEY PROGRAMS FOR SINGLE-FAMILY
RESIDENTIAL AND MULTIFAMILY RESIDENTIAL
CUSTOMERS[10631(F)(1)(A)] ..................................................... 6-3
6.1.2 RESIDENTIAL PLUMBING RETROFIT [10631(F)(1)(B)] ............ 6-5
6.1.3 SYSTEM WATER AUDITS, LEAK DETECTION, AND
REPAIR [10631(F)(1)(C)] ............................................................. 6-6
6.1.4 METERING WITH COMMODITY RATES FOR ALL NEW
CONNECTIONS AND RETROFIT OF EXISTING
CONNECTIONS [10631(F)(1)(D)] ................................................ 6-7
6.1.5 LARGE LANDSCAPE CONSERVATION PROGRAMS AND
INCENTIVES [10631(F)(1)(E)] ..................................................... 6-9
6.1.6 HIGH-EFFICIENCY WASHING MACHINE REBATE
PROGRAMS [10631(F)(1)(F)] .................................................... 6-10
6.1.7 PUBLIC INFORMATION PROGRAMS [10631(F)(1)(G)] ........... 6-10
6.1.8 SCHOOL EDUCATION PROGRAMS [10631(F)(1)(H)] ............. 6-11
6.1.9 CONSERVATION PROGRAMS FOR COMMERCIAL,
INDUSTRIAL AND INSTITUTIONAL ACCOUNTS
[10631(F)(1)(I)] ........................................................................... 6-11
6.1.10 WHOLESALE AGENCY PROGRAMS [10631(F)(1)(J)] ............. 6-12
6.1.11 CONSERVATION PRICING [10631(F)(1)(K)] ............................ 6-12
6.1.12 WATER CONSERVATION COORDINATOR
[10631(F)(1)(L)] .......................................................................... 6-13
6.1.13 WATER WASTE PROHIBITION [10631(F)(1)(M)] ..................... 6-14
6.1.14 RESIDENTIAL ULTRA-LOW FLUSH TOILET
REPLACEMENT PROGRAMS [10631(F)(1)(N)] ........................ 6-15
SECTION 7 .................................................................................................................. 7-1
COMPLETED URBAN WATER MANAGEMENT CHECKLIST .................................... 7-1
TABLE OF CONTENTS
(Continued)
iv
LIST OF TABLES
Table 1 Coordination with Appropriate Agencies
Table 2 Normal Temperature
Table 3 Average Monthly Precipitation and Evapotranspiration
Table 4 Calculation of Baseline Daily Per Capita Water Use
Table 5 Past, Current, and Projected Metered Accounts in City’s Domestic Water
Service Area
Table 6 Past, Current and Projected Customer Water Use in City’s Domestic
Water Service Area
Table 7 Total Actual and Projected Wholesale Water Use of Kern River Water
(Average Water Years)
Table 8 Projected Lower Income Water Demands in City Service Area
Table 9 Retail Agency Customer Demand Projections Provided to Wholesalers
Table 10 Current and Projected Retail Water Supplies (Normal Year) in City’s
Domestic Water Service Area
Table 11 Current and Projected Kern River Water Supplies (Normal Year)
Table 12 Historical, Current and Projected Volume of Groundwater Pumped from
Kern County Sub-basin in City’s Domestic Water Service Area
Table 13 Wastewater Collection and Treatment
Table 14 Current and Projected Recycled Water Use
Table 15 Mandatory Prohibitions
Table 16 Consumption Reduction Methods
Table 17 Supply Reliability in City’s Domestic Water Service Area Based on
Historical Conditions
Table 18 Rationing Stages to Address Water Supply Shortages
Table 19 Projected Annual Delivery Schedules for Cal Water Northeast Bakersfield
Treatment Plant for Normal, Critically Dry and Maximum Deliveries
TABLE OF CONTENTS
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v
Table 20 Projected Annual Delivery Schedules for Cal Water North Garden
Treatment Plant for Normal, Critically Dry and Maximum Deliveries to City
of Bakersfield
Table 21 Reduction Goals for Cal Water Northeast Water Treatment Plant
Table 22 Supply Reliability - Three-Year Estimated Minimum (Groundwater Supply)
Table 23 Projected Normal Water Year Supply and Demand Comparison
Table 24 Projected Single-Dry Water Year Supply and Demand Comparison
Table 25 Projected Multiple-Dry Year Water Supply and Demand Comparison
LIST OF PLATES
Plate 1 Domestic Water Division Service Area Map
Plate 2 Municipal Water Districts in Metro Bakersfield
Plate 3 54-Year Annual Rainfall
Plate 4 City of Bakersfield and Cal Water Customer Service Area Boundaries
Plate 5 Groundwater Basin
LIST OF APPENDICES
Appendix A Urban Water Management Planning Act
Appendix B Water Conservation Bill of 2009
Appendix C Notification Memoranda
Appendix D Notice of Public Hearing
Appendix E Resolution of Plan Adoption
Appendix F Excerpts from “Kern River Flow and Municipal Water Program Final
Environmental Impact Report”
Appendix G State Water Project Study
TABLE OF CONTENTS
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vi
Appendix H Excerpts from “Department of Water Resources’ California Groundwater
Bulletin 118 on the San Joaquin Valley Groundwater Basin”
Appendix I 2012 Consumer Confidence Report
Appendix J Excerpts from “Emergency Response Plan”
Appendix K City Water System and Wholesale System Current Rate Schedule
Appendix L City of Bakersfield’s Water Shortage Contingency Ordinance
Appendix M DWR Letter Dated June 6, 2013 on BMPs
Appendix N Completed UWMP Checklist
CITY OF BAKERSFIELD
2010 URBAN WATER MANAGEMENT PLAN
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Section 1
PLAN PREPARATION
1.1 BACKGROUND
Section 10617. “Urban Water Supplier” means a supplier, either publicly or privately
owned, providing water for municipal purposes either directly or indirectly to more than
3,000 customers or supplying more than 3,000 acre-feet of water annually. An urban
water supplier includes a supplier or contractor for water, regardless of the basis of right,
which distributes or sells for ultimate resale to customers.
This Urban Water Management Plan (Plan) was prepared in accordance with the
California Urban Water Management Planning Act (Act)1 which was established in
1983. The Act requires every “Urban Water Supplier” to prepare and adopt a Plan, to
periodically review its Plan at least once every five years and make any amendments or
changes which are indicated by the review. An “Urban Water Supplier” is defined as a
supplier, either publicly or privately owned, providing water for municipal purposes
either directly or indirectly to more than 3,000 customers or supplying more than 3,000
acre-feet of water annually. The primary objective of the Act is to direct Urban Water
Suppliers to prepare a Plan that describes and evaluates sources of supply, reasonable
and practical efficient uses, reclamation, and demand management activities. The Act
is directed primarily at retail water purveyors where programs can be immediately
applied to the consumers. The Act also applies to wholesalers, in that water may
be provided indirectly for ultimate municipal use. This Plan includes both the
City of Bakersfield Domestic and Wholesale Water Systems, as briefly described
in Section 1.1.1 City of Bakersfield Water Systems. Sections 10610 through 10656
of the California Water Code, Urban Water Management Planning Act, were enacted in
1983. The Act, originally known as Assembly Bill (AB) 797, is included in Appendix A.
There have been amendments added to the Plan and some reorganization of the
California Water Code sections since the City of Bakersfield’s most recent 2007 Urban
Water Management Plan Update and Wholesale Water System 2008 Urban Water
Management Plan were prepared. The amendments, additions and changes include:
Senate Bill (SB) 1087 – Requires reporting of water use projections for lower
income households
AB 1376 – Requires 60 days’ notice, prior to a public hearing, to any City or
County within which the supplier provides water supplies, that the Urban
Water Supplier is reviewing its Plan and are considering changes.
1 Water Code Sections 10610 through 10656
CITY OF BAKERSFIELD
2010 URBAN WATER MANAGEMENT PLAN
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AB 1420 – Conditions state funding
SBX7-7 – Requires 20 percent reduction in per capita water use by 2020
(Water Code Section 10608, see Appendix B).
Section 10621(a) of the California Water Code states, “Each water supplier shall
update its Plan at least once every five years on or before December 31, in years
ending in five and zero.” This Plan will be submitted in 2014, in part, because the City
updated its most recent UWMP approximately within the last five (5) years. This Plan
will still be referred to as the “2010 Plan”. This 2010 Plan combines both the retail
(Domestic Water System) and wholesale (Wholesale Water System) activities of the
City and is an update to both of the previously separately prepared and adopted Plans.
This 2010 Plan follows California Department of Water Resources’ (DWR’s) “Guidebook
to Assist Urban Water Suppliers to Prepare a 2010 Urban Water Management Plan”
(Guidebook) dated March 2011 and consequently the format and order of sections
proposed in DWR’s Guidebook is followed in this Plan.
1.1.1 CITY OF BAKERSFIELD WATER SYSTEMS
The City’s Domestic Water System is operated under a service contract with
California Water Company (Cal Water), a California Public Utility Commission (CPUC)
regulated company and is managed by the City’s Water Resources Department. The
Domestic Water System serves retail customers within its service area boundaries,
within a portion of the City of Bakersfield. Other water purveyors serve the retail
customers within the remaining City limits. The Domestic Water System is supplied by
groundwater wells (owned by the City) and by surface water treatment plants (owned by
California Water Service Company and owned by Kern County Water District’s ID4).
The Domestic Water System indirectly receives water from the City’s Wholesale Water
System through groundwater replenishment activities and through surface water
deliveries to Cal Water’s North Garden Water Treatment Plant.
The City’s Wholesale Water System consists of the Kern River surface water
rights and water supply. The Wholesale Water System is operated by the City’s Water
Resources Department. The Wholesale Water System provides raw Kern River water
for groundwater replenishment, to Cal Water for its surface water treatment plants, to
local farmers within the Kern River Canal & Irrigation Company service area, and to
other local customers pursuant to pre-existing obligations.
CITY OF BAKERSFIELD
2010 URBAN WATER MANAGEMENT PLAN
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1.2 COORDINATION
1.2.1 COORDINATION WITH APPROPRIATE AGENCIES
Section 10620.
(d) (2) Each urban water supplier shall coordinate the preparation of its plan with other
appropriate agencies in the area, including other water suppliers that share a
common source, water management agencies, and relevant public agencies, to the
extent practicable.
Section 10621
(b) Every urban water supplier required to prepare a plan pursuant to this part shall, at
least 60 days prior to the public hearing on the plan required by Section 10642, notify any
city or county within which the supplier provides water supplies that the urban water
supplier will be reviewing the plan and considering amendments or changes to the plan.
The urban water supplier may consult with, and obtain comments from, any city or county
that receives notices pursuant to this subdivision.
The City has coordinated the preparation of the Plan with the City of Bakersfield
City Clerk, the County of Kern, California Water Service Company (Cal Water), Casa
Loma Water Company, East Niles Community Services District, Greenfield County
Water District, North of the River Municipal Water District, Oildale Mutual Water
Company, Vaughn Water Company, Rosedale Rio Bravo Water Storage District, and
Kern County Water Agency (KCWA) Improvement District No. 4 (ID4) (see Table 1).
These agencies were invited to participate in the development of the 2010 UWMP
update by providing comments. The City notified these agencies at least 60 days prior
to the public hearing. A copy of the notification letter sent to these agencies is included
in Appendix C. Table 1 shows the appropriate agencies that have participated in
developing the City’s 2010 Plan. The appropriate agencies have either 1) commented
on the draft 2010 Plan, 2) attended public meetings, 3) were contacted for assistance,
4) were sent a copy of the draft 2010 Plan, 5) were sent a notice of intent to adopt the
draft 2010 Plan, and/or 6) have not provided information to the draft 2010 Plan.
1.2.2 PLAN DISTRIBUTION
Section 10635(b)
The urban water supplier shall provide that portion of its urban water management
plan prepared pursuant to this article to any city or county within which it provides
water supplies no later than 60 days after submission of its urban water management
plan.
CITY OF BAKERSFIELD
2010 URBAN WATER MANAGEMENT PLAN
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The City provided a copy of the 2010 Plan to the cities, water management
agencies, and relevant public agencies within its service area no later than 60 days after
submission of the 2010 Plan to the DWR.
1.2.3 NOTICE OF PUBLIC HEARING
Section 10642
Each urban water supplier shall encourage the active involvement of diverse social,
cultural, and economic elements of the population within the service area prior to and
during the preparation of the plan. Prior to adopting a plan, the urban water supplier shall
make the plan available for public inspection and shall hold a public hearing thereon.
Prior to the hearing, notice of the time and place of hearing shall be published within the
jurisdiction of the publicly owned water supplier pursuant to Section 6066 of the
Government Code. The urban water supplier shall provide notice of the time and place of
hearing to any city or county within which the supplier provides water supplies. A privately
owned water supplier shall provide an equivalent notice within its service area. After the
hearing, the plan shall be adopted as prepared or as modified after the hearing.
Pursuant to Section 6066 of the Government Code, the City published notice of
the public hearing through the newspaper during the weeks of April 7 and 14, 2014. A
notice of public hearing was also provided to the City of Bakersfield City Clerk, the
County of Kern, Cal Water, Casa Loma Water Company, East Niles Community
Services District, Greenfield County Water District, North of the River Municipal Water
District, Oildale Mutual Water Company, Vaughn Water Company, Rosedale Rio Bravo
Water Storage District, and ID4. The City provided the draft 2010 Plan for review at the
City Water Resources Department located at 1000 Buena Vista Rd, Bakersfield CA and
its website. A copy of the notice of the public hearing is included in Appendix D.
1.2.4 PUBLIC PARTICIPATION
Section 10642
Each urban water supplier shall encourage the active involvement of diverse social,
cultural, and economic elements of the population within the service area prior to and
during the preparation of the plan. Prior to adopting a plan, the urban water supplier shall
make the plan available for public inspection and shall hold a public hearing thereon.
Prior to the hearing, notice of the time and place of hearing shall be published within the
jurisdiction of the publicly owned water supplier pursuant to Section 6066 of the
Government Code. The urban water supplier shall provide notice of the time and place of
hearing to any city or county within which the supplier provides water supplies. A privately
owned water supplier shall provide an equivalent notice within its service area. After the
hearing, the plan shall be adopted as prepared or as modified after the hearing.
Public notification of the hearing was made pursuant to Section 6066 of the
Government Code. The City provided notice of a public hearing of the draft 2010 Plan
CITY OF BAKERSFIELD
2010 URBAN WATER MANAGEMENT PLAN
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by publishing a notice of public hearing through the newspaper during the weeks of April
7 and 14, 2014. In the same newspaper notice, the City indicated the draft 2010 Plan
update was available for public review at the City Water Resources Department and its
website, a copy of the notice is included in Appendix D. The notice of public hearing
was published and distributed to also provide involvement of social, cultural, and
economic community groups. The City held a public hearing at the City Water
Resources Department located at 1000 Buena Vista Rd, Bakersfield CA on April 23,
2014 at 2 p.m. A summary of the public hearing presentation, the participants and the
comments recorded is included in Appendix D.
1.3 PLAN ADOPTION, SUBMITTAL, AND IMPLEMENTATION
1.3.1 SUBMITTAL OF AMENDED PLAN
Section 10621
c) The amendments to, or changes in, the plan shall be adopted and filed in the manner set
forth in Article 3 (commencing with Section 10640).
The 2010 Plan was submitted to DWR as required. If DWR requires any
changes to the City’s Plan before DWR determines the Plan to be “complete,” the City
will submit an amended or revised Plan. The amended or revised Plan will undergo
adoption by the City prior to submittal to DWR for final approval.
1.3.2 PLAN ADOPTION
Section 10642
After the hearing, the plan shall be adopted as prepared or as modified after the hearing.
The City held a public hearing on April 23, 2014 at 2 p.m. Following the public
hearing, the City adopted the draft Plan on April 23, 2014, as its Plan. A copy of the
City’s resolution adopting the Plan is provided in Appendix E.
1.3.3 PLAN IMPLEMENTATION
Section 10643
An urban water supplier shall implement its plan adopted pursuant to this chapter in
accordance with the schedule set forth in its plan.
CITY OF BAKERSFIELD
2010 URBAN WATER MANAGEMENT PLAN
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The City is committed to the implementation of the 2010 Plan in accordance with
Section 10643 of the Act, including the water demand management measures (DMMs)
(Section 6) and water conservation requirements of SBX7-7 (Section 3). The City
continues the commitment to good water management practices and intends to
significantly expand its groundwater management, including replenishment/banking and
water conservation programs as budgets and staffing allow. The City’s water
conservation program will periodically be re-evaluated and modified to implement better
methods or techniques as the new technologies arise. In addition, the City has
reviewed implementation of its previously adopted Plan.
1.3.4 PLAN SUBMITTAL
Section 10644(a)
An urban water supplier shall submit to the Department, the California State Library, and
any city or county within which the supplier provides water supplies a copy of its plan no
later than 30 days after adoption. Copies of amendments or changes to the plans shall be
submitted to the Department, the California State Library, and any city or county within
which the supplier provides water supplies within 30 days after adoption.
Within 30 days after adoption of the 2010 Plan, the City submitted the 2010 Plan
to DWR, the California State Library, the County of Kern, and Cal Water.
1.3.5 PUBLIC REVIEW
Section 10645
Not later than 30 days after filing a copy of its plan with the department, the urban water
supplier and the department shall make the plan available for public review during normal
business hours.
Within 30 days after submittal of the 2010 Plan to DWR, the City made the 2010
Plan available for public review at its office during normal business hours and posted
the 2010 Plan on its website.
CITY OF BAKERSFIELD
2010 URBAN WATER MANAGEMENT PLAN
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Section 2
SYSTEM DESCRIPTION
2.1 SERVICE AREA PHYSICAL DESCRIPTION
Section 10631.
A plan shall be adopted in accordance with this chapter and shall do the following:
a) Describe the service area of the supplier; including current and projected population,
climate, and other demographic factors affecting the supplier’s water management
planning. The projected population estimates shall be based upon data from the
state, regional, or local service agency population projections within the service area
of the urban water supplier and shall be in five-year increments to 20 years or as far
as data is available.
2.1.1 DESCRIPTION OF SERVICE AREA
The City of Bakersfield is located in the southern San Joaquin Valley in Kern
County. The City of Bakersfield is approximately 100 miles north of the City of Los
Angeles, 271 miles south of the City of Sacramento, the capital of California, 286 miles
south of San Francisco, 282 miles west of Las Vegas and about 140 miles east of the
Pacific Coast. The City of Bakersfield is partially surrounded by a rim of mountains.
The Sierra Nevadas are located northeast of the City of Bakersfield and the southern
boundary is formed by the Tehachapi Mountains.
The City of Bakersfield is the county seat and the principle metropolitan city of
Kern County. The City of Bakersfield operates under a council-manager form of
government, with the Water Board of the City of Bakersfield recommending,
administering and implementing domestic water and Kern River water policies set by
the City Council. The Domestic Water System and the Wholesale Water System are
municipally-owned systems, acquired by the City of Bakersfield on December 22, 1976.
The City of Bakersfield is both a wholesaler and retailer of water in the City of
Bakersfield area. The City of Bakersfield purchased Kern River water rights, land and
the physical water distribution systems for the Ashe Service Area from Tenneco West
(Tenneco). The City wholesales a portion of its Kern River water to two Cal Water
treatment facilities, local farmers, and local water agencies. The City also owns a
Domestic Water System (formally the Ashe Service Area), which is operated and
maintained under contract by Cal Water. The City’s Water Resources Department
manages both the domestic water operation (City Domestic Water System) and the
wholesale water operation (City Wholesale Water System).
CITY OF BAKERSFIELD
2010 URBAN WATER MANAGEMENT PLAN
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Much of the urban water demand within the City limits is satisfied through the
City’s Kern River deliveries to water treatment plants owned and operated by Cal
Water. Cal Water serves portions of the City and unincorporated areas in Kern
County, and provides water primarily to single-family residences. Cal Water owns
and operates the North Garden Treatment Plant and Northeast Treatment Plant. At
these treatment plants, Kern River surface water from the City’s Wholesale Water
System is treated and prepared for distribution to City residents.
The City Domestic Water System is a local water purveyor that serves retail
customers within its service area. The City’s water system is currently operated and
maintained by Cal Water. The location of the City Bakersfield Domestic Water System’s
service area is shown on Plate 1. In addition, the City of Bakersfield boundary and
other water purveyors within the City of Bakersfield are shown on Plate 2. The City
Domestic Water System provides water primarily for residential uses and also for
business, commercial, industrial, and public customers in, and adjacent to, the westerly
portion of the City of Bakersfield area. In addition, the City Water Resources
Department operates the Kern River channel and several canals through the City of
Bakersfield, as well as 1,470 acres of groundwater recharge ponds (referred to as the
City’s 2,800 Acre Recharge Facility) along the Kern River.
2.1.2 CLIMATE
The City of Bakersfield has a moderate climate with cloudless, warm, and dry
summers and mild and semi-arid winters. The average daily temperature in the City of
Bakersfield ranges from 47.2ºF (degrees Fahrenheit) in December to 83.1ºF in July.
Average daily temperature in the City of Bakersfield is shown on Table 2. There are
large climatic variations in this area because of the nature of the valley, surrounding
mountains, and desert areas. Average monthly precipitation within the City of
Bakersfield ranges from 0 to 1.4 inches. About 90 percent of all precipitation falls from
October through April. Average monthly evapotranspiration within the City of
Bakersfield ranges from 1.9 inches to 6.5 inches. Historical monthly average
precipitation and evapotranspiration in the City of Bakersfield is shown on Table 3.
Plate 3 shows the historical and present annual rainfall within the City of Bakersfield
from 1956 through 2010. As shown in Plate 3, the 54-year average annual rainfall is
about 6.1 inches, classifying the area as a desert.
CITY OF BAKERSFIELD
2010 URBAN WATER MANAGEMENT PLAN
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2.1.3 OTHER DEMOGRAPHIC FACTORS
There are no other demographic factors affecting the City’s water management
planning. However, new development and the associated increased population will
have a proportional impact on water demand.
2.2 SERVICE AREA POPULATION
Section 10631.
A plan shall be adopted in accordance with this chapter and shall do the following:
a) Describe the service area of the supplier; including current and projected population,
climate, and other demographic factors affecting the supplier’s water management
planning. The projected population estimates shall be based upon data from the
state, regional, or local service agency population projections within the service area
of the urban water supplier and shall be in five-year increments to 20 years or as far
as data is available.
The City of Bakersfield was among the nation’s 25 fastest-growing cities between
2000 and 2008, according to estimates from the U.S. Census Bureau (Census). The
City’s Domestic Water System service area is shown on Plate 1. The City also provides
Kern River water for groundwater replenishment and wholesales Kern River water to
two Cal Water water treatment facilities, which provide potable water to customers
within the City’s Domestic Water System service area and Cal Water’s service area.
Most of the City’s Domestic Water System service area is within the City limits, with a
small portion outside the City limits. Cal Water’s separate service area includes areas
inside and outside the City limits. Plate 4 shows the location of the City of Bakersfield
and the boundaries of the City’s Domestic Water System and Cal Water’s separate
service area.
The City of Bakersfield’s Planning Department estimates the City’s Domestic
Water System service area has a population of 130,600 people during calendar year
2010 based on Census data. The following tabulation presents the current and
projected population of the City’s Domestic Water System service area. As shown in
the tabulation below, the population of the service area was about 130,600 in calendar
year 2010 and is expected to increase about 9.0 percent to about 142,300 by 2015. It is
anticipated the population of the City Domestic Water System’s service area will grow
an average of about 9.0 percent every five years until 2030.
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2010 URBAN WATER MANAGEMENT PLAN
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Calendar
Year
Domestic Water System
Service Area Population
Percent Increase
2010 130,600 --
2015 142,300 9.0
2020 154,900 8.9
2025 169,400 9.4
2030 183,900 8.6
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Section 3
SYSTEM DEMANDS
3.1 BASELINES AND TARGETS
Section 10608.20 (e)
An urban retail water supplier shall include in its urban water management plan
required pursuant to Part 2.6 (commencing with Section 10610) due in 2010 the
baseline daily per capita water use, urban water use target, interim urban water use
target, and compliance daily per capita water use, along with the bases for
determining those estimates, including references to supporting data.
In November 2009, the Water Conservation Act of 2009 (SBX7-7) was approved
by the Governor, which requires all urban retail suppliers to reduce their capita water
use by 20 percent by 2020. SBX7-7 affects the projections of water system demands.
Section 3.1 of the Plan presents how the City’s 2015 Interim Urban Water Use Target
and 2020 Urban Water Use Target is calculated by following DWR’s guidance
document. Methodologies for calculating baseline and compliance daily urban per
capita water use for the consistent implementation of the SBX7-7 are published by
DWR in its February 2011 guidance document.2 DWR’s guidance document
requirements, which are shown in italics below as a direct quote, were used by the City
to determine the required water use parameters for its Domestic Water System, which
are discussed in Sections 3.1.1 through 3.1.4. Section 3.5 discusses how SBX7-7
applies to the City Wholesale Water System. The City developed its baselines and
targets individually and not regionally.
3.1.1 BASELINE DAILY PER CAPITA WATER USE
The Baseline Daily Per Capita Water Use is defined as the average water use,
expressed in gallons per capita per day (GPCD), for a continuous, multi-year baseline
period. There are two different baseline periods for calculating Baseline Daily Per
Capita Water Use, as follows (CWC Sections 10608.20 and 10608.22):
The First Baseline Period
The first baseline period is a continuous 10- to 15-year period, and is used to
calculate Baseline Per Capita Water Use per CWC Section 10608.20. The
first baseline period is determined as follows:
2California Department of Water Resources, Division of Statewide Integrated Water Management, Water
Use and Efficiency Branch.Methodologies for Calculating Baseline and Compliance Urban Per Capita
Water Use. February 2011.
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o If recycled water makes up less than 10 percent of 2008 retail water
delivery, use a continuous 10-year period ending no earlier than
December 31, 2004, and no later than December 31, 2010.
o If recycled water makes up 10 percent or more of 2008 retail water
delivery, use a continuous 10- to 15-year period ending no earlier
than December 31, 2004, and no later than December 31, 2010.
Recycled water made up less than 10 percent of the City’s 2008 water
deliveries. Consequently, the first baseline period consists of a continuous
10-year period can be selected between 1995 and 2010.
The Second Baseline Period
The second baseline period is a continuous five-year period, and is used to
determine whether the 2020 per capita water use target meets the
legislation’s minimum water use reduction per CWC Section 10608.22. The
continuous five-year period shall end no earlier than December 31, 2007, and
no later than December 31, 2010.
The second baseline period consisting of a continuous five-year period may
be selected between 2003 and 2010.
Unless the urban water retailer’s five-year Baseline Daily Per Capita Water
Use per CWC Section 10608.12(b)(3) is 100 GPCD or less, Baseline Daily Per
Capita Water Use must be calculated for both baseline periods.
Calculation of the Baseline Daily Per Capita Water Use (using both First and
Second Baseline Periods) entails the following four steps:
Step 1 Calculate gross water use for each year in the baseline period using
Methodology 1 in DWR’s guidance document. According to Methodology
1, gross water use is a measure of water supplied to the distribution
system over 12 months and adjusted for changes in distribution system
storage and deliveries to other water suppliers that pass through the
distribution system. Recycled water deliveries are to be excluded from the
calculation of gross water use. Water delivered through the distribution
system for agricultural use may be deducted from the calculation of gross
water use. Under certain conditions, industrial process water use also
may be deducted from gross water use.
The calculated gross water use, based on the City’s recorded groundwater
use, local surface water use, and imported water supplies, for each year in
the baseline period is shown on Table 4.
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Step 2 Estimate service area population for each year in the baseline period
using Methodology 2 in DWR’s guidance document. To obtain an
accurate estimate of GPCD, water suppliers must estimate population of
the areas that they actually serve, which may or may not coincide with
either their jurisdictional boundaries or with the boundaries of cities.
According to Methodology 2, data published by the California Department
of Finance (DOF) or the U.S. Census Bureau must serve as the
foundational building block for population estimates. In some instances,
data published by these two sources may be directly applicable. In other
instances, additional refinements may be necessary. For example, to
account for distribution areas that do not match city boundaries,
customers with private sources of supply, or other unique local
circumstances, water suppliers may have to supplement the above
sources of data with additional local data sources such as county
assessor data, building permits data, and traffic analysis zone data.
These refinements are acceptable as long as they are consistently applied
over time, and as long as they build upon population data sources of the
DOF or the U.S Census Bureau.
The City’s service area population for each year in the baseline period
was calculated based on the US Census Bureau and has been refined for
the City’s service area.
Step 3 Calculate daily per capita water use for each year in the baseline period.
Divide gross water use (determined in Step 1) by service area population
(determined in Step 2).
The calculated daily per capita water use for each year in the baseline
period is shown on Table 4.
Step 4 Calculate Baseline Daily Per Capita Water Use. Calculate average per
capita water use by summing the values calculated in Step 3 and dividing
by the number of years in the baseline period. The result is Baseline Daily
Per Capita Water Use for the selected baseline period.
The average per capita water use calculated for a continuous 10-year
baseline period (first baseline period) is shown on Table 4, with the
highest value of 320 GPCD.
The Baseline Daily Per Capita Water Use for the City was determined to be 320
GPCD, based on the highest value calculated for a continuous 10-year period (first
baseline period) between 1995 and 2010 (see Table 4).
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3.1.2 URBAN WATER USE TARGET
Section 10608.20 (b)
An urban retail water supplier shall adopt one of the following methods for
determining its urban water use target pursuant to subdivision (a):
(1) Eighty percent of the urban retail water supplier’s baseline per capita daily water
use.
(2) The per capita daily water use that is estimated using the sum of the following
performance standards:
(A) For indoor residential water use, 55 gallons per capita daily water use as a
provisional standard. Upon completion of the department’s 2016 report to the
Legislature pursuant to Section 10608.42, this standard may be adjusted by
the Legislature by statute.
(B) For landscape irrigated through dedicated or residential meters or
connections, water efficiency equivalent to the standards of the Model Water
Efficient Landscape Ordinance set forth in Chapter 2.7 (commencing with
Section 490) of Division 2 of Title 23 of the California Code of Regulations,
as in effect the later of the year of the landscape’s installation or 1992. An
urban retail water supplier using the approach specified in this subparagraph
shall use satellite imagery, site visits, or other best available technology to
develop an accurate estimate of landscaped areas.
(C) For commercial, industrial, and institutional uses, a 10-percent reduction in
water use from the baseline commercial, industrial, and institutional water
use by 2020.
(3) Ninety-five percent of the applicable state hydrologic region target, as set forth in
the state’s draft 20x2020 Water Conservation Plan (dated April 30, 2009). If the
service area of an urban water supplier includes more than one hydrologic
region, the supplier shall apportion its service area to each region based on
population or area.
(4) A method that shall be identified and developed by the department, through a
public process, and reported to the Legislature no later than December 31, 2010.
The method developed by the department shall identify per capita targets that
cumulatively result in a statewide 20-percent reduction in urban daily per capita
water use by December 31, 2020. In developing urban daily per capita water use
targets, the department shall do all of the following:
(A) Consider climatic differences within the state.
(B) Consider population density differences within the state.
(C) Provide flexibility to communities and regions in meeting the targets.
(D) Consider different levels of per capita water use according to plant water
needs in different regions.
(E) Consider different levels of commercial, industrial, and institutional water use
in different regions of the state.
(F) Avoid placing an undue hardship on communities that have implemented
conservation measures or taken actions to keep per capita water use low.
The Urban Water Use Target is determined using one of the following methods:
Method 1: Eighty percent of the urban retail water supplier’s Baseline Per Capita
Daily Water Use.
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2010 URBAN WATER MANAGEMENT PLAN
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Using this method, the Urban Water Use Target for the City was
calculated as 256 GPCD, based on the City’s Baseline Per Capita
Daily Water Use of 320 GPCD.
Method 2: Estimate using the sum of the specified three performance standards.
Due to insufficient data, this method was not considered.
Method 3: Ninety-five percent of the applicable state hydrologic region target, as
set forth in the state’s 20x2020 Water Conservation Plan.3
Based on the 20x2020 Water Conservation Plan, the City’s service
area lies in DWR Tulare Lake Hydrologic Region, with an established
Baseline Per Capita Daily Water Use of 285 GPCD and a Target Per
Capita Daily Water Use of 188 GPCD. Using this method, the Urban
Water Use Target for the City was calculated as 179 GPCD.
Method 4: Water Savings (Provisional)
Due to insufficient data, this method was not considered.
From all four methods, the highest calculated Urban Water Use Target was
Method 1. Consequently, the City’s Urban Water Use Target was initially determined to
be 256 GPCD for 2020.
3.1.3 COMPLIANCE DAILY PER CAPITA WATER USE
Compliance Daily Per Capita Water Use is defined by DWR as the Gross Water
Use during the final year of the reporting period, and reported in GPCD. The
Compliance Daily Per Capita Water Use will be reported in the City’s 2015 Plan (interim
compliance) and 2020 Plan (final compliance).
3 California Department of Water Resources, State Water Resources Control Board, California Bay-Delta
Authority, California Energy Commission, California Department of Public Health, California Public Utilities
Commission, and California Air Resources Board. 20x2020 Water Conservation Plan. February 2010.
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3.1.4 MINIMUM WATER USE REDUCTION REQUIREMENT
Section10608.22
Notwithstanding the method adopted by an urban retail water supplier pursuant to
Section 10608.20, an urban retail water supplier’s per capita daily water use
reduction shall be no less than 5 percent of base daily per capita water use as
defined in paragraph (3) of subdivision (b) of Section 10608.12. This section does not
apply to an urban retail water supplier with a base daily per capita water use at or
below 100 gallons per capita per day.
Per CWC Section 10608.12(b)(3), the following calculation is made because the
five-year Baseline Per Capita Water Use is greater than 100 GPCD. The calculation is
used to determine whether the water supplier’s 2015 and 2020 per capita water use
targets meet the legislation’s minimum water use reduction requirement per CWC
Section 10608.22. The calculation entails three steps:
Step 1: Calculate Baseline Daily Per Capita Water Use using a continuous five-
year period ending no earlier than December 31, 2007, and no later than
December 31, 2010.
As shown in Table 4, the City’s historical per capita water use was
estimated. Under this step, a five-year continuous average was calculated
no earlier than December 31, 2007 and no later than December 31, 2010.
As shown in Table 4, these five-year continuous averages were
calculated. Of these values, the highest value of 311 GPCD was used to
represent the five-year Baseline Daily per Capita Water Use (see Table 4).
Step 2: Multiply the result from Step 1 by 0.95. The 2020 per capita water use
target cannot exceed this value (unless the water supplier’s five-year
Baseline Per Capita Water Use is 100 GPCD or less). If the 2020 target is
greater than this value, reduce the target to this value.
The value calculated for 95 percent of the five-year Baseline Per Capita
Water Use is 295 GPCD (95% x 311 GPCD). The City’s 2020 Urban
Water Use Target was determined using Method 1 above to be 256
GPCD, which is lower than the value calculated in this step. Therefore, no
adjustment is needed for the City’s 2020 Urban Water Use Target of 256
GPCD.
Step 3: Set the 2015 target to mid-point between the 10- or 15-year Baseline Per
Capita Water Use and the 2020 target determined in Step 2.
The City’s 2015 Interim Urban Water Use Target is therefore set at 288
GPCD, which is the mid-point between the 10-year Baseline Daily Per
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Capita Water Use of 320 GPCD and the 2020 Urban Water Use Target of
256 GPCD.
Summary
Following DWR’s guidance document for calculating baseline and compliance
daily urban per capita water use, the City’s 2015 Interim Urban Water Use Target of 288
GPCD and 2020 Urban Water Use Target of 256 GPCD meet the legislation’s minimum
water use reduction requirement per CWC Section 10608.22.
3.2 PROGRESS REPORT
10608.40.
Urban water retail suppliers shall report to the Department on their progress in
meeting their urban water use targets as part of their urban water management plans
submitted pursuant to Section 10631. The data shall be reported using a
standardized form developed pursuant to Section 10608.52.
The City will report to the DWR on its progress in meeting its urban water use
targets, using a standardized form to be developed by the DWR, when the form
becomes available.
3.3 WATER DEMANDS
3.3.1 PAST, CURRENT, AND PROJECTED WATER DEMAND
Section 10631(e)
(1) Quantify, to the extent records are available, past and current water use, over the
same five-year increments described in subdivision (a), and projected water use,
identifying the uses among water use sectors, including, but not necessarily limited
to, all of the following uses:
(A) Single-family residential.
(B) Multifamily.
(C) Commercial.
(D) Industrial.
(E) Institutional and governmental.
(F) Landscape.
(G) Sales to other agencies.
(H) Saline water intrusion barriers, groundwater recharge, or conjunctive
use, or any combination thereof.
(I) Agricultural
(2) The water use projections shall be in the same five-year increments described in
subdivision (a).
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The City’s water supply sources for the Domestic Water System include water
produced from local groundwater basins, local surface water, and imported surface
water. The City’s water supply source for the Wholesale System is surface water from
the Kern River. The City Domestic Water System provides water service to the
following water use sectors:
Residential (Single and Multi-Family Residential)
Commercial/Institutional
Industrial
Public Administration
Non-metered Fire Services
Other
The City Domestic Water System’s past, current, and projected customer water
use, among water use sectors within its service area is shown in Table 5. As shown in
Table 6, the projected water use is calculated based on the urban per capita water use
target developed per SBX7-7 (see Section 3.1) and population projections (see Section
2.2). By 2015, the estimated use with a 2015 Interim Urban Water Use Target of 288
GPCD is 45,906 acre-feet. By 2020, the estimated use with a 2020 Urban Water Use
Target of 256 GPCD is 44,419 acre-feet. The City estimates it will be able to meet the
SBX7-7 requirements by 2020, as shown in Table 6.
The City Wholesale Water System does not have direct retail customers,
therefore segregation of water sales into residential, commercial, industrial, institution
and governmental uses cannot be made. However, records of water deliveries from the
Wholesale Water System to its retail water contractors and other users have been
recorded and are summarized on Table 7. Table 7 shows the past, current, and
projected water use for the Kern River water. Table 7 shows the City’s historic Kern
River water obligations. These include obligations to the Kern River Canal and
Irrigating Company (KRC&I) Laterals; a combination of Miller-Haggin obligations
including Lake Isabella evaporation losses, Carrier Canal seepage losses, and pre-
existing delivery obligations; and a long-term obligation to the Rosedale – Rio Bravo
Water Storage District. More information on these Wholesale Water System delivery
obligations is provided below.
The KRC&I Laterals provide irrigation water for farmland in the northwest
Bakersfield area located north of the river. The farmland served by the City is located
between the Beardsley and Calloway canals, south of Seventh Standard Road and
north of Rosedale Highway. The Kern River water delivery obligation to the KRC&I
Laterals is 5,300 acre-feet per year.
Miller-Haggin obligations refer to and include river channel and canal recharge to
ensure deliveries to various historic locations described in the Miller-Haggin Agreement.
Some of the pre-existing delivery obligations are from agreements assumed by the City
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upon the City’s purchase of Kern River water rights in 1976. These agreements also
include delivery to Kern County to maintain the Isabella Recreation Pool, and to supply
Lake Ming, and Hart Park. Calculated evaporation losses from Lake Isabella and
Carrier Canal seepage losses are also considered demand obligations. The total for
these obligations is 20,000 acre-feet per year.
The Rosedale–Rio Bravo Water Storage District (RRBWSD) covers
approximately 44,000 acres and was formed to provide groundwater recharge. The
City’s obligation to RRBWSD originated in 1961 when several “Canal Companies,” on
behalf of the Kern County Land Company (KCLC), predecessor to Tenneco and the
City, entered into an agreement to provide additional water to RRBWSD to compensate
for the reduction in canal seepage water losses that occurred when the concrete-lined
Kern River Canal was constructed. The City assumed this obligation in 1976 with its
purchase of Kern River water rights and facilities from Tenneco. The City is scheduled
to deliver an average of 10,000 acre-feet per year under a water supply contract to
RRBWSD (Rosedale--Rio Bravo Water Storage District, 2012).
3.3.2 PROJECTED WATER DEMAND FOR LOWER INCOME HOUSEHOLDS
Section 10631.1(a)
The water use projections required by Section 10631 shall include projected water
use for single-family and multifamily residential housing needed for lower income
households, as defined in Section 50079.5 of the Health and Safety Code, as
identified in the housing element of any city, county, or city and county in the service
area of the supplier.
For the Domestic Water System, water use projections for low income
households make up about 29 percent of the City’s projected retail water demands, as
shown on Table 8. Table 8 shows the projected water use for low income households
for single-family and multi-family residential housing within the City Domestic Water
System’s service area for the next 20 years in five year increments. The City’s
Wholesale Water System does not provide retail water service and therefore water use
projections for low income households do not apply.
3.4 WHOLESALE WATER DEMAND PROJECTIONS
Section 10631(k)
Urban water suppliers that rely upon a wholesale agency for a source of water shall
provide the wholesale agency with water use projections from that agency for that
source of water in five-year increments to 20 years as far as data is available. The
wholesale agency shall provide information to the urban water supplier for inclusion
in the urban water supplier’s plan that identifies and quantifies, to the extent
practicable, the existing and planned sources of water as required by subdivision (b),
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available from the wholesale agency to the urban water supplier over the same five-
year increments, and during various water-year types in accordance with subdivision
(c). An urban water supplier may rely upon water supply information provided by the
wholesale agency in fulfilling the plan informational requirements of subdivisions (b)
and (c).
Section 10631(k) requires coordination to be made between the retailer and the
wholesaler of estimated water use projections. The City Domestic Water System
historically and currently supplies its retail customers with groundwater pumped from
the Kern County sub-basin and with treated SWP water purchased from ID4 and Kern
River water supplied by the City’s Wholesale Water System to Cal Water’s treatment
plants. For the SWP wholesale water supply demands for ID4, the City Domestic Water
System has provided its water use projections, as required by Section 10631(k), as
shown in Table 9. For the City’s Domestic Water System demands for Kern River water
supplies to the Cal Water surface water treatment plants, these water use projections
are included on Table 9, and addressed here under the City’s Wholesale Water System
water use projections. ID4 and Cal Water have also prepared Urban Water
Management Plans and have provided copies of their Plans to the City. The ID4 and
Cal Water Plans are incorporated by reference to the City’s Plan.
3.5 WATER USE REDUCTION PLAN
10608.36.
Urban wholesale water suppliers shall include in the urban water management plans
required pursuant to Part 2.6 (commencing with Section 10610) an assessment of
their present and proposed future measures, programs, and policies to help achieve
the water use reductions required by this part.
SBX7-7 requires Urban Wholesale Water Suppliers to “…include in the urban
water management plans…an assessment of their present and proposed future
measures, programs, and policies to help achieve the water use reductions required by
this part.” The City’s Wholesale Water System provides Kern River water for
groundwater replenishment to support the groundwater wells serving the City’s
Domestic Water System. The water use reductions required by SBX7-7 concurrently
address the water use reductions for the City’s Wholesale Water System. For this Plan,
the City’s Wholesale Water System has assumed its retail water contracts per capita
water use will be reduced by 10 percent by 2015 and by 20 percent by 2020 in
compliance with SBX7-7.
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3.6 PUBLIC HEARING
10608.26(a).
In complying with this part, an urban retail water supplier shall conduct at least one
public hearing to accomplish all of the following:
(1) Allow community input regarding the urban retail water supplier’s implementation
plan for complying with this part.
(2) Consider the economic impacts of the urban retail water supplier’s
implementation plan for complying with this part.
(3) Adopt a method, pursuant to subdivision (b) of Section 10608.20, for
determining its urban water use target.
The City held a public hearing on April 23, 2014 to accomplish the following:
1. Allow community input regarding the urban retail water supplier’s implementation
plan for complying with this part.
2. Consider the economic impacts of the urban retail water supplier’s
implementation plan for complying with this part.
3. Adopt a method, pursuant to subdivision (b) of Section 10608.20 for determining
its urban water use target.
Information on the City’s public hearing is included in Appendix D.
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Section 4
SYSTEM SUPPLIES
4.1 WATER SOURCES
Section 10631
A plan shall be adopted in accordance with this chapter and shall do the following:
b) Identify and quantify, to the extent practicable, the existing and planned sources of
water available to the supplier over the same five-year increments described in
subdivision (a).
The City’s water supply sources for the Domestic Water System include
groundwater produced from the Kern County groundwater basin and treated surface
water from Cal Water North Garden Water Treatment Plant and ID4’s water treatment
plant. The water supply source for the Wholesale Water System is surface water from
the Kern River. Details on the City’s sources of water supply are discussed below.
4.1.1 GROUNDWATER
The City Domestic Water System historically and currently supplies its customers
water by pumping groundwater from the Kern County groundwater basin, a sub-basin of
the Southern San Joaquin Valley Groundwater Basin. The City pumps groundwater
from 53 active wells from the Kern County groundwater basin. These wells are located
within the Kern County Basin and have a combined capacity of about 89,000 acre-feet
per year; however, the City only pumps enough water to meet its annual demand.
Table 10 shows the current and projected Domestic Water System groundwater supply
from 2010 through 2030, in five year increments. The City pumps only enough water to
meet its demand and historically the City has been able to meet the demands of its
customers.
4.1.2 CAL WATER NORTH GARDEN WATER TREATMENT PLANT
In addition to groundwater supplies, the City Domestic Water System also
receives treated Kern River surface water from Cal Water North Garden Water
Treatment Plant. The Kern River water is supplied to the Cal Water treatment plant by
the City’s Wholesale Water System. In 2007, Cal Water began operation of its North
Garden Water Treatment Plant. Table 10 shows the current and projected treated
surface water supply from the treatment plant from 2010 through 2030, in five year
increments. In 2010, the City received about 1,788 acre-feet of treated surface water
supply from the treatment plant. The City projects to receive about 4,500 acre-feet per
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year of treated surface water supply from the treatment plant by 2020 for the Domestic
Water System.
4.1.3 KERN COUNTY WATER AGENCY IMPROVEMENT DISTRICT NO. 4
The City Domestic Water System also receives treated State Water Project water
from ID4. ID4 has implemented programs to bring treated imported State Water Project
water to the City of Bakersfield area. A portion of the water is treated by ID4 and
distributed to the City’s Domestic Water System customers. ID4 can additionally treat
groundwater pumped and delivered via the Cross Valley Canal to the treatment plant as
needed during a dry year. Table 10 shows the current and projected total treated water
supply from ID4 from 2010 through 2030, in five year increments. In 2010, the City
received about 3,446 acre-feet of treated water supply from ID4. The City projects to
receive about 6,500 acre-feet per year of total treated water supply from ID4 by 2015 for
the Domestic Water System.
4.1.4 LOCAL SURFACE WATER
The City Wholesale Water System’s sole water supply source is surface water
from the Kern River. The Kern River provides drainage for the southern Sierra Nevada
Mountains and flows through the middle of the City of Bakersfield. The head waters of
the Kern River are located near Mount Whitney and the river’s main fork is joined by its
major tributary, the South Fork, near Lake Isabella. Below Lake Isabella, the Kern River
flows through the City of Bakersfield.
The City’s Kern River surface water rights are known as pre-1914 appropriative
water rights, which are based on “first in time, first in right”. Future water supply for the
City Wholesale System will continue to be solely from the Kern River. Table 11 shows
the current and projected surface water supply from the Kern River from 2010 through
2030, in five year increments. In 2010, the City supplied about 219,754 acre-feet of
surface water supply from the Kern River. On average, the City’s Kern River water right
supplies about 135,000 acre-feet per year of surface water. This number was based on
a study performed in the City’s Kern River Flow and Municipal Water Program Final
Environmental Impact Report (Final EIR) dated June 2012, which is incorporated by
reference and a copy of the table of contents can be found in Appendix F. Table 2-2 of
the Final EIR shows the 135,000 acre-feet is based on the average (mean) year historic
Kern River water yield from 1954 – 2010, which is also attached in Appendix F. The
135,000 acre-feet does not include water released by other water rights holders or the
City because there is no guarantee the City would receive the water released in the
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future. For planning purposes, the City assumes that the Kern River water supply for
2015 through 2030 will be 135,000 acre feet per year.
4.2 GROUNDWATER
Section 10631(b)
If groundwater is identified as an existing or planned source of water available to the
supplier, all of the following information shall be included in the plan:
1) A copy of any groundwater management plan adopted by the urban water supplier,
including plans adopted pursuant to Part 2.75 (commencing with Section 10750), or
any other specific authorization for groundwater management.
2) A description of any groundwater basin or basins from which the urban water supplier
pumps groundwater. For those basins for which a court or the board has adjudicated
the rights to pump groundwater, a copy of the order or decree adopted by the court or
the board and a description of the amount of groundwater the urban water supplier has
the legal right to pump under the order or decree. For basins that have not been
adjudicated, information as to whether the department has identified the basin or
basins as overdrafted or has projected that the basin will become overdrafted if
present management conditions continue, in the most current official departmental
bulletin that characterizes the condition of the groundwater basin, and a detailed
description of the efforts being undertaken by the urban water supplier to eliminate the
long-term overdraft condition.
4.2.1 MANAGEMENT OF THE KERN COUNTY SUB-BASIN
The Kern County sub-basin is not an adjudicated basin. The City’s
management of its water resources for the Kern County sub-basin is based on
measured and recorded recharge and banking operations. Sources of recharge
to the Kern County sub-basin include precipitation and runoff, Kern River channel
and canal seepage, and spreading/banking, which are discussed in detail below.
The City’s Wholesale Water System accurately monitors these activities on a
daily basis and publishes an annual report. The City’s Domestic Water System
accurately records groundwater pumping and deliveries from surface water
treatment plants. One of the goals of water resource management is to limit
groundwater extractions to no more than the “safe yield” for the groundwater
basin. “Safe yield” occurs when the amount of water pumped from the basin is
less than or equal to replenishment water supply into the basin.
4.2.1.1 SOURCES OF GROUNDWATER RECHARGE
The City Domestic Water System’s major water supply historically has
been groundwater. Therefore, groundwater replenishment from the Kern River
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water supply plays a vital role in the reliability of the City’s Domestic Water
System water supply. The groundwater replenishment activities described in the
following sections benefit the City’s Domestic Water System, the City of
Bakersfield area and the Kern County groundwater basin.
4.2.1.1.1 Captured Precipitation
It is estimated that precipitation, captured in storm water basins and
percolated into the groundwater basin within the City’s Domestic Water System
service area, supplies approximately 1,200 acre-feet of water per year.
4.2.1.1.2 Kern River Channel and Carrier Canal
The Kern River provides drainage for the southern Sierra Nevada
Mountains and flows through the middle of the City of Bakersfield. Historically,
incidental groundwater replenishment from the Kern River channel and in the
unlined portions of the Carrier Canal within the City’s Domestic Water System
service area accounts for approximately 9,800 acre-feet per year. In the future,
the City projects additional supplies of Kern River water will be recharged in the
Kern River Channel and the Carrier Canal in the City’s Domestic Water System
service area as additional supplies become available and as demands increase.
4.2.1.1.3 “2,800 Acres”
The City owns and operates the “2,800 Acres” recharge facility, which is
about 6 miles long and includes old river channels, overflow lands and
constructed spreading basins. It is located in and along the Kern River
approximately 8 miles west of Highway 99. The City began spreading water in
the “2,800 Acres” in 1978 through the use of one basin and a number of
temporary embankments. Additional basins have been built, increasing the
number of acres available for spreading water and recharge. Currently there are
approximately 1,470 acres available for replenishment activities. The City’s Kern
River water replenishment in the 2,800 Acres recharge facility has averaged
approximately 5,900 acre-feet per year.
4.2.1.1.4 Kern County Water Agency Improvement District No. 4
(ID4)
ID4 has implemented programs to bring imported State Water Project
(SWP) water to the City of Bakersfield area. ID4 operations are based on
providing imported water to the underground aquifers for groundwater
replenishment and providing treated water for the City’s Domestic Water System
and others. ID4 is funded by ad valorem taxes and a tax levied on all
groundwater pumped within the ID4 boundary. ID4 has an annual SWP Table ‘A’
entitlement of about 82,946 acre-feet, of which about 61 percent (about 50,597
acre-feet) has been determined to be the long-term annual reliable supply, based
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on a SWP study (see Appendix G). Since 1988, ID4 has received an annual
average of about 64,000 acre-feet annually from the SWP. Approximately 25
percent of ID4 is within the City Domestic Water System’s service area. ID4 has
indicated to the City that it will provide approximately 3,000 acre-feet of SWP
water supply each year for groundwater recharge for the City Domestic Water
System. In 2010, it provided 10,921 acre-feet to the City Domestic Water
System for groundwater recharge.
4.2.1.1.5 Treated Wastewater from Treatment Plant No. 3
A portion of Wastewater Treatment Plant (WWTP) No. 3’s denitrified
secondary treated water is replenished to the basins by placing the treated
effluent wastewater into storage ponds. These incidental replenishment activities
are located on the southern end of the City’s Domestic Water System service
area. As future development occurs within the City Domestic Water System
service area, the City plans to provide more secondary treated water from
WWTP No. 3 as groundwater replenishment. The City projects to recharge
about 9,900 acre-feet of treated effluent from WWTP No. 3 by 2030. The City
does not consider the recharged treated effluent as a water supply for the City
Domestic Water System service area at this time.
4.2.1.1.6 Deep Percolation from Irrigated Lands
Deep percolation into the groundwater basin occurs where lands are irrigated. It
is estimated that approximately 7,400 acre-feet of water per year is replenished into the
groundwater basin in the City Domestic Water System service area from irrigating
parks, commercial property and residential lands, assuming an urban irrigation
efficiency of 70 percent. As development continues in the City’s Domestic Water
System service area, the replenishment associated with irrigation of urban lands are
expected to increase. The City estimates that in 2030 deep percolation from irrigated
lands will be approximately 9,500 acre-feet per year within the Domestic Water System.
4.2.1.1.7 Recharge from City Water Amenities
The City has several water amenities located in City parks that use Kern River
water, and incidentally replenish the groundwater basin. The Park at Riverwalk and the
Truxtun Lakes both use Kern River water for replenishment. During an average/wet
year, there are other minor water amenities that can also use Kern River water. The
City estimates that on average, 5,000 acre-feet per year are recharged via these water
amenities. The City anticipates that this level of recharge will continue in these
amenities through the year 2035 and beyond.
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4.2.2 DESCRIPTION OF KERN COUNTY SUB-BASIN
The City of Bakersfield is located above a series of water bearing aquifers.
These water aquifers are part of the larger groundwater basin called the
Southern San Joaquin Valley Groundwater Basin, which is located within the
Tulare Lake Hydrologic Region. The Tulare Lake Hydrologic Region covers
about 17,000 square miles and has 12 distinct groundwater basins and 7 sub-
basins within the San Joaquin Valley Groundwater Basin. The City Domestic
Water System is located in a sub-basin of the San Joaquin Valley Groundwater
Basin called Kern County sub-basin. The location of the Kern County sub-basin
is shown on Plate 5. The San Joaquin Valley Groundwater Basin is bounded on
the north by the Kern County line, on the east by the Sierra Nevadas, on the west
by the Coast Ranges and on the south by the San Emigdio and Tehachapi
Mountains. The Kern River is the surface water feature that divides this area.
The groundwater aquifers within the San Joaquin Valley Groundwater Basin are
thick and are made up of unconsolidated sediments. These sediments are
bordered by faults and mountain ridges and serve as effective barriers for
groundwater movement. Due to the thickness of the sediment in this basin,
many groundwater wells within the San Joaquin Valley Groundwater Basin
exceed 1,000 feet in depth and the typical yield ranges from 300 gpm to 2,000
gpm. Additional information on the San Joaquin Valley Groundwater Basin within
the Tulare Lake Hydrologic Region is located in Appendix H, in the Department
of Water Resources’ (DWR) California Groundwater Bulletin 118.
4.2.2.1 CALIFORNIA DEPARTMENT OF WATER RESOURCES
BULLETIN 118
For more information, an excerpt of DWR’s California Groundwater
Bulletin 118 on the San Joaquin Valley Groundwater basin is located in Appendix
H. Page 178 of Bulletin 118 states, “The Cities of Fresno, Bakersfield and Visalia
have groundwater recharge programs to ensure that groundwater will continue to
be a viable water supply in the future.”
4.2.3 LOCATION, AMOUNT AND SUFFICIENCY OF GROUNDWATER PUMPED
FOR THE PAST FIVE YEARS
Section 10631(b)(3)
A detailed description and analysis of the location, amount, and sufficiency of
groundwater pumped by the urban water supplier for the past five years. The
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description and analysis shall be based on information that is reasonably available,
including, but not limited to, historic use records.
The City’s Domestic Water System produces groundwater from the Kern County
sub-basin of the San Joaquin Valley Groundwater Basin in the Tulare Lake Hydrologic
Region. The City pumps the groundwater through its 53 active wells, which are located
about 4 wells every 640 acres within the City’s Domestic Water System service area.
The amount of groundwater the City’s Domestic Water System has historically pumped
from the Kern County sub-basin from 2006 to 2010 every year is shown on Table 12
and projected every five years to 2030.
As discussed in Section 4.2.1, the Kern County sub-basin is not an adjudicated
basin; however, the portion of the basin where the City’s service area is located is
managed. The management of the groundwater water resources in the Kern County
sub-basin is based on measured and recorded replenishment and banking operations.
Sources of recharge to the Kern County sub-basin include precipitation and runoff, Kern
River channel and canal seepage, and spreading/banking, which are discussed in detail
in Section 4.2.1. The goal of the groundwater resource management is to limit
groundwater extractions to no more than the “safe yield” for the groundwater basin.
“Safe yield” occurs when the amount of water pumped from the basin is less than or
equal to the water replenishment into the basin. To address decreasing groundwater
levels, the City plans to increase its groundwater replenishment in the future and
manage the groundwater in storage.
Based on planned management practices including but not limited to
increased Kern River recharge, anticipated future groundwater reserves and
water conservation practices, the City should be able to rely on the Kern County
sub-basin for adequate customer supply over the next 20 years under single year
and multiple year droughts.
4.2.4 LOCATION, AMOUNT AND SUFFICIENCY OF GROUNDWATER
PROJECTED TO BE PUMPED
Section 10631(b)(4) A detailed description and analysis of the amount and location of groundwater that is
projected to be pumped by the urban water supplier. The description and analysis
shall be based on information that is reasonably available, including, but not limited
to, historic use records.
As discussed in Section 2, the City anticipates the population of its Domestic
Water System service area to increase about 9 percent every five years starting from
2020 to 2030. Even though water demands are expected to increase as a result of the
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population increase, the City anticipates using its Kern River surface water supply for
groundwater replenishment to ensure sufficient groundwater supplies for the next 20
years. Groundwater is expected to be the primary source of water supply for the
Domestic Water System, supported by replenishment activities, banking programs
recycled water programs and water use reduction. The City expects to meet anticipated
consumer demands, over the next 20 years under single year and multiple year
droughts. The City’s projected amount of groundwater to be pumped within its
Domestic Water Service area in the next 20 years (in five year increments) is shown on
Table 12. The projected pumped amounts include water use reductions per SBx7-7
from Table 4. In 2010, the City pumped about 37,976 acre-feet in its Domestic Water
Service area, and by 2030 the City projects it will pump about 41,735 acre-feet of
groundwater. This is an increase of less than 4,000 acre-feet over 20 years.
Based on planned management practices including but not limited to Kern
River recharge, development of increased groundwater reserves and water
conservation practices, the City should be able to rely on the Kern County sub-
basin for adequate supply for most of its demands over the next 20 years under
single year and multiple year droughts.
4.3 TRANSFER OPPORTUNITIES
Section 10631(d)
Describe the opportunities for exchanges or transfers of water on a short-term or
long-term basis.
The City does not have planned water exchanges or transfers on a short-term or
long-term basis.
4.4 DESALINATED WATER OPPORTUNITIES
Section 10631(i)
Describe the opportunities for development of desalinated water, including, but not
limited to, ocean water, brackish water, and groundwater, as a long-term supply.
Groundwater produced from the Kern County sub-basin is low in Total Dissolved
Solids (TDS) and does not require desalination. According to the 2012 Consumer
Confidence Report for the City Domestic Water System service area, included in
Appendix I, the average TDS value for the City Water System’s wells is about 196
milligrams per liter (mg/l) and ranges from 110 mg/l to 520 mg/l, which are below the
Secondary Maximum Contaminant Level of 1,000 mg/l. In addition, surface water from
the Kern River is low in TDS and also does not require desalination. Therefore, the City
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Domestic and Wholesale Water Systems do not have the need to desalinate any of its
water supplies at this time.
4.5 RECYCLED WATER OPPORTUNITIES
4.5.1 RECYCLED WATER AND POTENTIAL FOR USE
Section 10633
The plan shall provide, to the extent available, information on recycled water and its
potential for use as a water source in the service area of the urban water supplier.
The preparation of the plan shall be coordinated with local water, wastewater,
groundwater, and planning agencies that operate within the supplier’s service area,
and shall include all of the following:
4.5.1.1 WASTEWATER COLLECTION, TREATMENT, AND DISPOSAL
Section 10633
(a) A description of the wastewater collection and treatment systems in the supplier’s
service area, including a quantification of the amount of wastewater collected and
treated and the methods of wastewater disposal.
(b) A description of the quantity of treated wastewater that meets recycled water
standards, is being discharged, and is otherwise available for use in a recycled water
project.
The City currently operates two sewage treatment plants; the WWTP No. 2 and
WWTP No. 3. WWTP No. 2 has a design capacity of 25 million gallons per day (MGD)
with the average daily flow of about 13.9 MGD and currently serves the area east of
Highway 99. The WWTP No. 2 provides primary and secondary treatment of incoming
wastewater and includes storage ponds, clarifiers, solids processing facilities, trickling
filters, digesters, and methane recovery and cogeneration facilities.
WWTP No. 3 was constructed in 1972 with an original capacity of about 4 MGD.
As the population of the City of Bakersfield continued to grow, the treatment plant was
expanded several times to accommodate growth. The current capacity of the WWTP
No. 3 is 32 MGD with the average daily flow of about 17.6 MGD. The WWTP No. 3
provides primary, secondary and tertiary treatment of incoming wastewater and includes
storage ponds, clarifiers, solids processing facilities, activated sludge, digesters, and
methane recovery and cogeneration facilities.
Table 13 shows the amount of wastewater collected and treated from WWTP No.
3 which is located in the City Domestic Water System service area. Table 13 also
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shows the amount of wastewater that meets recycled water standards, which is
available for recycled water use.
4.5.2 CURRENT RECYCLED WATER USE
Section 10633
(c) A description of the recycled water currently being used in the supplier’s service area,
including, but not limited to, the type, place, and quantity of use
In 2010, the City used WWTP No. 3 tertiary treated water to irrigate the State
Farm Sports Village, a local soccer and football complex located on the south end of the
City Domestic Water System service area. The current use of tertiary treated water
from WWTP No. 3 to irrigate the State Farm Sports Village is about 1,120 acre-feet per
year. This water would otherwise have to be provided by the City Domestic Water
System. In addition, the City’s WWTP No. 3 secondary treated denitrified water is being
recharged by placing the treated effluent into storage ponds. The current use of
secondary treated water from WWTP No. 3 that is being recharged is about 6,645 acre-
feet. In addition, the City exports about 12,000 acre-feet of recycled water outside its
service area for irrigation purposes. The amount of treated effluent/recycled water used
is shown in Table 14. The use of recycled water for groundwater replenishment
enhances the City’s ability to manage the Kern County sub-basin and help prevent
groundwater levels from lowering.
4.5.3 POTENTIAL USES OF RECYCLED WATER
Section 10633
(d) A description and quantification of the potential uses of recycled water, including, but
not limited to, agricultural irrigation, landscape irrigation, wildlife habitat
enhancement, wetlands, industrial reuse, groundwater recharge, indirect potable
reuse, and other appropriate uses, and a determination with regard to the technical
and economic feasibility of serving those uses.
The current recycled water use of tertiary treated recycled water from WWTP No.
3 is about 1 MGD and the ultimate build-out for future recycled water use is about 2
MGD. The State Farm Sports Village is not at full build out and is going through another
phase of expansion. The City plans to continue using recycled water to irrigate the
State Farm Sports Village and increase the amount of tertiary treated recycled water
use to about 2,240 acre-feet per year starting in 2020 when the State Farm Sports
Village is fully expanded. The City also plans to continue using treated effluent water as
groundwater recharge and increase the amount of groundwater recharged in 2015
through 2030, as shown in Table 14. The City will continue to export recycled water
outside its service area for irrigation purposes. The City plans to use additional recycled
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water for other landscaped areas adjacent to the Sports Village complex. Table 14
shows potential future uses for recycled water from 2015 through 2030, in five year
increments.
4.5.4 PROJECTED RECYCLED WATER USE
Section 10633
(e) The projected use of recycled water within the supplier’s service area at the end of 5,
10, 15 and 20 years, and a description of the actual use of recycled water in
comparison to uses previously projected pursuant to this subdivision
Based on the City’s 2005 UWMP, the City did not plan to use recycled water in
2010 and therefore showed a projection of zero for 2010. However, in 2010, the City’s
actual recycled water use was about 19,765 acre-feet. Of the 19,765 acre-feet of
recycled water used in 2010, about 12,000 acre-feet was used for irrigation purposes,
about 6,645 acre-feet was replenished into the groundwater basin and about 1,120
acre-feet was used as irrigation for the State Farm Sports Village.
4.5.5 ENCOURAGING USE OF RECYCLED WATER
Section 10633
(f) A description of actions, including financial incentives, which may be taken to
encourage the use of recycled water, and the projected results of these actions in
terms of acre-feet of recycled water used per year.
The City provides recycled water to the State Farm Sports Village and conserves
the City’s other water supplies. The City is interested in pursuing additional recycled
water uses within its Domestic Water System service area. As shown in Table 14, the
projected recycled water use will increase by about 1,120 acre-feet by 2020.
4.5.6 OPTIMIZING RECYCLED WATER USE
Section 10633
(g) A plan for optimizing the use of recycled water in the supplier’s service area,
including actions to facilitate the installation of dual distribution systems, to promote
recirculating uses, to facilitate the increased use of treated wastewater that meets
recycled water standards, and to overcome any obstacles to achieving that increased
use.
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The City prepared an engineering report for the expansion of its WWTP No. 3.
The report included discussion of installing a tertiary treatment system at WWTP No. 3.
The treated recycled water from WWTP No. 3 will be used for irrigation on landscaped
medians and irrigation at the State Farm Sports Village. Phase 1 of the State Farm
Sports Village has been completed, which includes irrigating soccer fields and
landscaped medians using 1 MGD of treated recycled water. Phase 2 of the State
Farm Sports Village is also complete and includes irrigating football fields.
4.6 FUTURE WATER PROJECTS
Section 10631
(h) Include a description of all water supply projects and water supply programs that may
be undertaken by the urban water supplier to meet the total projected water uses as
established pursuant to subdivision (a) of Section 10635. The urban water supplier
shall include a detailed description of expected future projects and programs, other
than the demand management programs identified pursuant to paragraph (1) of
subdivision (f), that the urban water supplier may implement to increase the amount
of water supply available to the urban water supplier in average, single-dry, and
multiple-dry water years. The description shall identify specific projects and include a
description of the increase in water supply that is expected to be available from each
project. The description shall include an estimate with regard to the implementation
timeline for each project or program.
4.6.1 ADDITIONAL KERN RIVER WATER
The City acquired historic water rights on the Kern River through its purchase of
Tenneco’s Kern River holdings in 1976. Legal proceedings between 1996 and 2007
reviewed and considered questions regarding the potential forfeiture of appropriative
Kern River water rights held by the Kern Delta Water District (Kern Delta). As a result of
those proceedings, California courts concluded that Kern Delta had “forfeited” a large
portion of its Kern River water rights owing to non-use. Following the conclusion of
those proceedings in 2007, the California State Water Resources Control Board
(SWRCB) began proceedings to assess whether the Kern River was still fully
appropriated. The Kern River was originally designated as a river with Fully
Appropriated Status (FAS) by SWRCB in 1964. In February 2010, SWRCB issued an
order revising the status of the Kern River, finding that the river was no longer fully
appropriated.
As a result of the court decisions regarding forfeited water on the Kern River and
in anticipation of SWRCB’s revision of the FAS of the river, the City filed an application
with the SWRCB to obtain rights to surplus, unappropriated, and available water in the
Kern River. The City’s application to appropriate indicates that any surplus,
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unappropriated Kern River water, awarded by the SWRCB to the City will remain in the
Kern River watercourse to support beneficial uses, including domestic purposes,
municipal and industrial uses, protection of the public interest, environmental purposes,
streamflow restoration, constructed wetlands, recreational uses, fish and wildlife
restoration, underground aquifer supply, aquifer water quality enhancement, and
underground water banking for drought and other emergencies. The City’s application
contemplates that SWRCB will determine if an anticipated supply of up to 87,000 AFY
of unappropriated, surplus Kern River water will be available to the City. The City is
unsure when and if the additional Kern River water will become available, but it is
estimated the water will become available in about 10 to 15 years. If the water
becomes available to the City, the additional amount of Kern River surface water supply
would be available to the City in average, single-dry and multiple dry years.
4.6.2 CONSTRUCTION OF SIX NEW PRODUCTION WELLS
The City plans to construct six new production wells, which would provide
additional groundwater supply to its Domestic Water System service area. The
pumping capacity of each new production wells is about 1,200 gpm to 1,400 gpm. The
City expects the new wells to be online in about three to five years. The additional
amount of groundwater supply from the six production wells would be available to the
City Domestic Water System in average, single-dry and multiple dry years.
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Section 5
WATER SUPPLY RELIABILITY AND WATER SHORTAGE
CONTINGENCY PLANNING
5.1 WATER SUPPLY RELIABILITY
5.1.1 WATER MANAGEMENT TOOLS
Section 10620(f)
An urban water supplier shall describe in the plan water management tools and
options used by that entity that will maximize resources and minimize the need to
import water from other regions.
This Plan describes water management tools and options used to maximize local
resources and minimize the need to import water. These include Groundwater Basin
Management Structure (Section 4.2), Recycled Water Opportunities (Section 4.5),
Future Water Projects (Section 4.6), and DMMs (Section 6). In addition, the City
Wholesale System currently delivers water to its customers pursuant to its surface water
rights on the Kern River. The City’s Demand Management Measures are described in
Section 6.
5.1.2 SUPPLY INCONSISTENCY
Section 10631(c)(2) For any water source that may not be available at a consistent level of use, given
specific legal, environmental, water quality, or climatic factors, describe plans to
supplement or replace that source with alternative sources or water demand
management measures, to the extent practicable.
The City has not experienced long term water supply deficiencies and historically
has been able to meet its customer demands. The following sections discuss the City’s
water sources that may not be available at a consistent level of use and the water
demand management measures used by the City.
5.1.2.1 GROUNDWATER
As previously discussed in Section 4.2, the City’s management of the
groundwater supplies in the Kern County sub-basin is based on measured and recorded
replenishment and banking operations. The goal of the groundwater management is to
limit groundwater extractions to no more than the “safe yield” of the groundwater basin.
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The “safe yield” is the maximum quantity of water that can be continuously withdrawn
from a groundwater basin without adverse effect. If the City experiences a wet year, the
additional surface water is recharged into the basin and is kept there until the City
experiences a dry year. Consequently, the City will have additional groundwater
available to meet its demands during dry years.
Currently, the City does have some water quality issues in the groundwater that
may limit the amount of water pumped from the basin, which are discussed in detail in
Section 5.3.
5.1.2.2 SURFACE WATER
The City Wholesale Water System has developed contractual stages of action for
delivering water to Cal Water during critically dry years. The City Wholesale Water
System and Cal Water will confer and mutually agree as to when a “critically” dry year is
occurring, or is about to occur, and the extent to which reductions and restrictions in the
quantity of water delivered to the Cal Water treatment plant will be made. More details
are discussed in Section 5.4.2.
Because of the variable nature of the Kern River surface water supply, the City
has undertaken efforts to obtain additional surface water supplies through the State
Water Resources Control Board water rights application process.
The City has also taken steps to alleviate surface water variability by using more
of its Kern River water supply to increase recharge in the Kern River channel, and
taking other steps, to create a reserve, dry year supply, as discussed in more detail in
Section 5.4.1.
5.1.2.3 STATE WATER PROJECT WATER
As previously discussed in Section 4.1, the City’s Domestic Water System
receives treated water from ID4. ID4 brings imported State Water Project water to the
City of Bakersfield area for treatment to serve portions of the urban Bakersfield area.
The DWR considers several factors, including climatic and environmental, in estimating
the amount of water available to the contractors’ Table ‘A’ Entitlements. Table ‘A’ refers
to a table in the Water Supply Contract between the State of California Department of
Water Resources and the Kern County Water Agency, of which ID4 is a member unit
agency. Table ‘A’ shows the State Water Project entitlement for KCWA. Historically
during a wet year, ID 4 and the City of Bakersfield received about 80 percent of the
Table ‘A’ Entitlements. If the Table ‘A’ Entitlement is less than 45 percent, the City will
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not receive water for that particular year. Typically, if the City Domestic Water System
does not receive its full entitlement of 6,500 AF (acre-feet), the following are other
options to deliver water:
1. (City’s Preferred Option) Use its existing City groundwater wells to supply
additional water directly to the City’s Domestic Water System to make up
for lack of State Water Project water delivered to the City’s Domestic
Water System from the Northwest Feeder. The Northwest Feeder is the
pipeline which supplies treated surface water to the City’s Domestic Water
System from the ID4 Water Treatment Plant.
2. Deliver Kern River surface water to the ID4 Water Treatment Plant to treat
and deliver using the Northwest Feeder pipeline.
3. The City’s Domestic Water System can request ID4 water stored in the
Kern Water Bank be delivered to the ID4 Plant for treatment and delivery
using the Northwest Feeder. This would require the City and ID4 to enter
into a Dry Year Supply agreement for that particular year.
4. The City can exchange with other Districts that have Kern River water
available in Lake Isabella Reservoir for the City’s recharged water to be
treated at either Cal Water’s North Garden water treatment plant or ID4’s
water treatment plant and delivered to the City’s Domestic Water System.
5.2 WATER SHORTAGE CONTINGENCY PLANNING
5.2.1 CATASTROPHIC INTERRUPTION OF WATER SUPPLIES
Section 10632
(c) Actions to be undertaken by the urban water supplier to prepare for, and implement
during, a catastrophic interruption of water supplies including, but not limited to, a
regional power outage, an earthquake, or other disaster.
During an acute and severe water shortage caused by a disaster (including, but
not limited to, a regional power outage, an earthquake, or other disaster), the City will
implement its Emergency Response Plan. The Emergency Response Plan addresses
actions to be taken during an earthquake or other catastrophic events for its Domestic
Water System, and is incorporated into this UWMP by reference and a copy of the table
of contents is included in Appendix J.
It is unlikely the City Wholesale Water System’s water supply will be interrupted
as a result of a catastrophe. The City Wholesale Water System’s supply system
consists of the gravity flow of water from Isabella Reservoir into the Kern River and
unlined channels and canals. The City Wholesale Water System also has pipelines that
transport Kern River water to a variety of users. The City Wholesale Water System will
also use the City’s Emergency Response Plan.
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5.2.2 MANDATORY PROHIBITIONS
Section 10632
(d) Additional, mandatory prohibitions against specific water use practices during water
shortages, including, but not limited to, prohibiting the use of potable water for street
cleaning.
The City of Bakersfield has Municipal Ordinances that address wasteful use of
water and appropriate enforcement city-wide. Table 15 shows the City’s mandatory
prohibitions and the stages when the prohibitions become mandatory.
5.2.3 CONSUMPTION REDUCTION METHODS
Section 10632
(e) Consumption reduction methods in the most restrictive stages. Each urban water
supplier may use any type of consumption reduction methods in its water shortage
contingency analysis that would reduce water use, are appropriate for its area, and
have the ability to achieve a water use reduction consistent with up to a 50 percent
reduction in water supply.
The City Domestic Water System developed a four-stage water-rationing plan,
with reductions of up to 50 percent (see Table 16) to be implemented during declared
water shortages. The water-rationing plan includes both voluntary and mandatory
rationing which are to be implemented depending on the causes, severity, and
anticipated duration of the water supply shortage. The processes by which this water-
rationing plan and each of its four stages are implemented are provided in Section 5.4.2
(Stages of Action in Response to Water Supply Shortages). Table 16 summarizes the
City’s consumption reduction methods and the corresponding stages of action when the
reduction methods take effect.
The City Wholesale Water System does not provide water directly to retail
customers. Consequently, the City Wholesale System is not in a position to
implement/enforce consumption reduction methods at the retail level.
5.2.4 PENALTIES OR CHARGES FOR EXCESSIVE USE
Section 10632
(f) Penalties or charges for excessive use, where applicable.
The City has Municipal Ordinances that include mandatory prohibitions for
certain water use during water supply emergencies, as shown on Table 15. If a Stage 3
water shortage were to occur, the City of Bakersfield would adopt a city-wide ordinance
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that would require certain water reduction measures from residents within the City
Domestic Water System service area. The City’s Municipal Code Section 1.40.101, as
shown below, indicates there are charges for violations of the Municipal Code. The
following penalties and fines could be assessed city-wide:
1.40.010 Violation—Penalty.
A. Unless otherwise expressly provided in this code, a violation of any
provision of this code, or a failure to comply with any of the mandatory
requirements of this code, or counseling, aiding or abetting a violation or
failure to comply shall be punishable as an infraction or misdemeanor.
Any person or entity convicted of an infraction under this code
where punishment is not otherwise provided in this code, shall be punished
by a fine not exceeding fifty dollars for a first violation, one hundred dollars
for a second violation within one year, and two hundred fifty dollars for each
additional violation within one year.
Any person or entity convicted of a misdemeanor under this code
where punishment is not otherwise provided in this code, shall be punished
by a fine of not more than five hundred dollars, or by imprisonment in the
county jail for a period not to exceed six months, or by both such fine and
imprisonment.
Each such person or entity shall be guilty of a separate offense for
each and every day during any portion of which any violation of any
provision of this code is committed, continued, or permitted by any such
person or entity and shall be punished accordingly.
B. In addition to the penalties provided in this section, any condition
caused or permitted to exist in violation of any of the provisions of this code
shall be deemed a public nuisance and may be, by the city, summarily
abated as such, and each day such condition continues shall be deemed a
new and separate offense. This code may also be enforced by injunction
issued out of the superior court upon the suit of the city or the owner or
occupant of any real property affected by such violation or prospective
violation. This method of enforcement shall be cumulative and in no way
affect the penal provisions hereof.
C. The City of Bakersfield shall be entitled to restitution for all expenses
incurred enforcing the provisions of this code against any person or entity in
violation thereof. (Ord. 3439 § 1, 1992; prior code § 10.07.010)
The City Wholesale Water System is not in a position to directly
control retail water use. The City Wholesale Water System has not
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developed penalties or charges. The City Wholesale Water System is
obligated to deliver a contracted amount of water to Cal Water for the City
Domestic Water System.
5.2.5 REVENUE AND EXPENDITURE IMPACTS
Section 10632
(g) An analysis of the impacts of each of the actions and conditions described in
subdivisions (a) to (f), inclusive, on the revenues and expenditures of the urban water
supplier, and proposed measures to overcome those impacts, such as the
development of reserves and rate adjustments.
The City’s Domestic Water System is operated under a service contract with Cal
Water. However, the Domestic Water System water rates are set by the City. The City
Domestic Water System has not instituted tiered rates to encourage water conservation
by its customers. As part of the rate structure, the monthly service charges generally
cover the fixed cost of operation and the commodity rates are charged to compensate
for the variable costs of providing water service. A copy of the City Domestic Water
System current rate schedule is included as Appendix K.
The City of Bakersfield has the ability to restructure the City Domestic Water
System rates on short notice through the means of Municipal Ordinances that allow the
City Manager to issue Executive Orders on water rates. This method may be used, if
needed, to structure rates to cover the additional costs and loss of water sales revenue
incurred for enforcement and implementation of mandatory water reduction plans.
In 2010, the City Wholesale Water System charged $81.24 per acre-foot for raw
Kern River water delivered for municipal and domestic uses. Since there are no water
consumption reduction programs used by the Wholesale Water System, there are also
no revenue and expenditure impacts. There is a direct pass through of any costs, which
should have minimal net impact on revenue compared to expenditures. A copy of the
City Wholesale Water System’s current rate schedule is located in Appendix K.
5.2.6 DRAFT WATER SHORTAGE CONTINGENCY RESOLUTION OR
ORDINANCE
Section 10632
(h) A draft water shortage contingency resolution or ordinance.
The City of Bakersfield can adopt a Water Shortage Contingency Plan for the
Domestic Water System using a City Municipal Ordinance. A copy of the City of
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Bakersfield’s Domestic Water System draft water shortage contingency resolution is
located in Appendix L.
5.3 WATER QUALITY
Section 10634
The plan shall include information, to the extent practicable, relating to the quality of
existing sources of water available to the supplier over the same five-year increments
as described in subdivision (a) of Section 10631, and the manner in which water
quality affects water management strategies and supply reliability.
5.3.1 GROUNDWATER
All of the City Domestic Water System wells produce groundwater from the Kern
County sub-basin. Groundwater is delivered directly to the distribution system. The City
Domestic Water System has reviewed historical water quality data, well locations, and
perforations in an effort to generally identify areas that may be subject to elevated
arsenic, 1,2,3-Trichloropropane (TCP), and other contaminant concentrations. The City
Domestic Water System plotted this data on a map of its current and potential future
service area in an effort to strategically site future wells. The City has some wells where
wellhead treatment with granular activated carbon is used. Also, in the future, the City
will evaluate methods for treating wells that have arsenic, TCP, and other contaminants.
Some of the City’s wells are currently temporarily off or inactive due to contaminants.
As population increases in the City Domestic Water System’s service area, the
City Domestic Water System will construct new municipal water supply wells and may
equip existing wells with wellhead treatment. The City Domestic Water System plans to
collect water quality samples from multiple depths as a pilot hole is drilled for each new
well. Based on a review of depth, specific water quality data wells will be designed to
produce water from “clean” zones of the groundwater basin. Through implementation of
this plan, the City Domestic Water System expects groundwater quality to continue to
meet all regulatory standards at least through 2030. Consequently, water quality
concerns will not affect the projected water supply reliability for the Domestic Water
System through 2030, as shown in Table 12.
5.3.2 SUPPLEMENTAL SURFACE WATER
The City’s Domestic Water System receives water from ID4. ID4 treats State
Water Project water delivered from the California Aqueduct and KCWA’s Cross Valley
Canal. It is expected water quality from the ID4’s Plant will continue to meet all
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regulatory standards at least through 2030. Consequently, the water quality of SWP
water will not affect the projected supply reliability through 2030.
The City’s Domestic Water System receives water from Cal Water’s surface
water treatment plant. Cal Water North Garden Water Treatment Plant treats Kern
River water from the City’s Wholesale Water System and provides the treated water to
the Cal Water service areas, including the City of Bakersfield Domestic Water System
service area. It is expected water quality from the North Garden Water Treatment Plant
will continue to meet all regulatory standards at least through 2030. Consequently, the
water quality of Kern River water delivered by the City’s Wholesale Water System will
not affect the projected supply reliability through 2030.
5.4 DROUGHT PLANNING
5.4.1 RELIABILITY OF SUPPLY AND VULNERABILITY TO SEASONAL OR
CLIMATIC SHORTAGE
Section 10631(c)(1)
Describe the reliability of the water supply and vulnerability to seasonal or climatic
shortage, to the extent practicable, and provide data for each of the following:
(A) An average water year.
(B) A single dry water year.
(C) Multiple dry water years.
Climate change is expected to alter water demands. Water use in Bakersfield
changes seasonally during the summer, with greater water use for landscape
irrigation and water for cooling purposes. As droughts become more frequent and
longer lasting, summertime temperatures will increase, higher temperatures will
increase evapotranspiration rates, and overall water demand for municipal use will
rise with climate change.
Locally, the City has begun to plan for and address potential climate change
and how climate change may affect its water supply. The City anticipates there may
be several consecutive years of low water supply years as a result of climate change.
Increasing groundwater recharge will provide a buffer against potential future long-
term low water supply years. In addition, the City currently uses the Kern River
channel and 2,800 Acres recharge facility to recharge and store water in the aquifer.
These facilities will be used to maintain and increase future groundwater storage.
Based on the Domestic Water System’s historical data, during average years,
single dry years and multiple dry years, groundwater production for the City’s
Domestic Water System supply has provided a reliable supply of water to its
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customers. The following is a summary of the average year, single dry year, and
multiple dry years demands and supplies for the Domestic Water System.
Average Year – As shown on Table 17, the Domestic Water System’s estimated
Average Year water use is 43,210 acre-feet. Water supply to satisfy these uses will be
KCWA ID4 supplying 6,500 acre-feet of treated SWP water assuming full State Water
project delivery, treated water from Cal Water North Garden Water Treatment Plant
supplying 4,500 acre-feet, and from the Domestic Water System wells supplying 32,210
acre-feet, for a total Average Year water supply of 43,210 acre-feet.
Single Dry Year – As shown in Table 17, the Domestic Water System Single Dry
Year water use is estimated to be 41,050 acre-feet. It is assumed the Domestic Water
System would not receive any treated SWP water from ID4. However, ID4 can also
receive its raw water supply from the City’s Wholesale Water System (Kern River water)
and from ID4’s recovery wells located in their groundwater banking project areas.
Therefore, water supply to satisfy this use will be ID4 supplying 6,500 acre-feet to the
Domestic Water System, treated water from the Cal Water North Garden Water
Treatment Plant supplying 2,000 acre-feet of water from the City’s Wholesale Water
System (Kern River water), and groundwater from the Domestic Water System wells
supplying 32,550 acre-feet for a total Single Dry Year water supply of 41,050 acre-feet.
Multiple Dry Years – As shown in Table 17, the Domestic Water System Multiple
Dry Years water use is estimated to be 41,050 acre-feet. It is assumed the Domestic
Water System would not receive any treated SWP water from ID4. However, ID4 can
also receive its raw water supply from the City’s Wholesale Water System (Kern River
water) and from ID4’s recovery wells in their groundwater banking project areas.
Therefore, water supply to satisfy this use will be ID4 supplying 6,500 acre-feet of water
to the Domestic Water System, treated water from Cal Water North Garden Water
Treatment Plant supplying 2,000 acre-feet of water from the City’s Wholesale Water
System (Kern River water), and groundwater from the Domestic Water System wells
supplying 32,550 acre-feet, for a total Multiple Dry Years water supply of 41,050 acre-
feet.
Based on current management practices and water supply reliability
discussed in Section 4.2, the minimum water supplies available for the Domestic
Water System at the end of an Average Water Year, a Single Dry Year, and
Multiple Dry Years would be at least equal if not greater than the Domestic Water
System’s direct customer water demands, primarily due to groundwater banking
and establishment of additional groundwater reserves and maintaining sufficient
storage in Lake Isabella.
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5.4.2 STAGES OF ACTION IN RESPONSE TO WATER SUPPLY
SHORTAGES
Section 10632
(a) Stages of action to be undertaken by the urban water supplier in response to water
supply shortages, including up to 50 percent reduction in water supply, and an outline
of specific water supply conditions which are applicable to each stage.
The City of Bakersfield has developed a city-wide plan of action to accomplish its
reduction goals, if needed, and the contingency plan has been set up on a voluntary
and incentive basis. In the event of a prolonged and severe drought, the rationing
programs could be implemented as shown in Table 18. The priorities for water use of
available water during a rationing plan are the following:
Health and Safety – Interior family use and fire suppression.
Commercial, Industrial and Governmental – Jobs and economic base.
Landscaping – Residential and business/commercial, parks.
New Demand – All projects.
Table 18 provides a description of the stages of action which may be triggered by
a shortage in one or more of the City’s Domestic Water System water supply sources,
depending on the severity of the shortage and its anticipated duration.
The City Wholesale Water System has developed contractual stages of action for
delivering water to Cal Water during critically dry years. The City Wholesale Water
System and Cal Water will confer and mutually agree as to when a “critically” dry year is
occurring, or is about to occur, and the extent to which reductions and restrictions in the
quantity of water delivered to the Cal Water treatment plant will be made. Table 19
shows the City Wholesale Water System water delivery schedule to Cal Water
Northeast Treatment Plant as conditions warrant during a critically dry year. Table 20
shows the City Wholesale Water System water delivery schedule to Cal Water North
Garden Treatment Plant. In addition, Table 21 shows the reduction goals between a
normal delivery and a critically dry delivery.
The City is working on additional programs and plans to address water supply
shortages which involve the increase of groundwater reserves to provide a five year
consumer supply in cases of dry and drought years, as well as the pursuit of additional,
unappropriated Kern River water supplies through the City’s application to appropriate.
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5.4.3 THREE YEAR MINIMUM WATER SUPPLY
Section 10632
(b) An estimate of the minimum water supply available during each of the next three
water years based on the driest three-year historic sequence for the agency’s water
supply.
The City of Bakersfield Domestic and Wholesale Water Systems receive water
supply primarily from the Kern River. The Kern River water is both delivered to Cal
Water Northwest Water Treatment Plant, where it is treated and delivered to the City
Domestic Water System, and is replenished to the groundwater basin using the City’s
unlined canals, the Kern River channel, and in the City’s 2,800 Acres recharge facility.
A small percentage of the City’s Domestic Water System water supply comes from the
State Water Project via the KCWA ID4’s water treatment plant. About 80 percent of the
City’s Domestic Water System water supply is pumped from groundwater, and the
balance is delivered from the two surface water sources (Cal Water and ID4). Because
the City is able to use the underlying aquifer to store Kern River water and SWP water
from ID4, the City Domestic Water System is less vulnerable to the high variability of the
runoff of Kern River water and the State Water Project supply.
Hydrologic records have been kept for the Kern River watershed since 1893.
The driest historic three-year sequence (multiple dry years) in the Bakersfield area
occurred from 1959 to 1961. The driest year on record occurred in 1961, with a total
Kern River runoff of 19 percent of average. A normal or average water year would be
similar to 1963, where the total Kern River runoff was 102 percent of average. Tables
17 and 22 show the minimum water supplies needed by the City’s Domestic Water
System to meet potable water demands during the next three year period (multiple dry
years).
Minimum water supply for three year dry period - As shown in Table 17, the
Domestic Water System three-year minimum water use is estimated to be 41,050 acre-
feet. It is assumed the Domestic Water System would not receive any treated SWP
water from ID4. However, ID4 can also receive its raw water supply from the City’s
Wholesale Water System (Kern River water) and from ID4’s recovery wells in their
groundwater banking project areas. Therefore, water supply to satisfy these uses will
be ID4 supplying 6,500 acre-feet of water to the Domestic Water System, treated water
from Cal Water North Garden Water Treatment Plant supplying 2,000 acre-feet of water
from the City’s Wholesale Water System (Kern River water), and groundwater from the
Domestic Water System wells supplying 32,550 acre-feet, for a total three-year
minimum water supply of 41,050 acre-feet. This water supply estimate equates to 95%
of a normal year’s supply due to a reduced surface water availability.
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5.4.4 WATER USE REDUCTION MEASURING MECHANISM
Section 10632
(i) A mechanism for determining actual reductions in water use pursuant to the urban
water shortage contingency analysis.
The City’s Domestic Water System has incorporated procedures and practices to
achieve water conservation and manage the water supply. Extensive records on
consumption, production and use histories are maintained. In addition, the City
Wholesale Water System maintains records on its water sales.
For the Domestic Water System, new water system installations are constructed
under strict standards for pressure and leak detection. A leak detection and repair
program is ongoing. The City’s Domestic Water System is 100 percent metered,
allowing the customer knowledge of their water use, who may then adjust their
consumption accordingly. The City’s Domestic Water System can compare total water
use from one year to the next to determine actual reductions in water use and if
reduction goals are being met.
Based on monitoring water consumption and population projections (see Section
2.2), the City will be able to confirm it has met its urban per capita water use target
developed per SBX7-7 (see Section 3.1) for 2015 and 2020.
5.4.4.1 METERING
The City’s Domestic Water System service connections are 100 percent
metered, exclusive of public fire protection services (public fire hydrants). This method
of service provides accurate detail to the City and the customer of quantities used in
particular situations, so both City and customers are aware of amounts of water
consumed. The metering method allows the customer to be rewarded for practicing
water conservation methods, through a lower monthly water bill. The Public Utilities
Commission of the State of California, General Order No. 103 encourages metered
volume sales unless specific authorization has been granted otherwise. Although not
under the CPUC, the City of Bakersfield has adopted service standards patterned after
General Order No. 103.
The City Domestic Water System has a continuing program of meter change-
outs to systematically replace older meters. By changing out old meters for newer,
more accurate ones, the City ensures that unaccounted losses are reduced.
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5.4.5 ASSESSMENT OF THE RELIABILITY OF WATER SERVICE
Section 10635
(a) Every urban water supplier shall include, as part of its urban water management plan,
an assessment of the reliability of its water service to its customers during normal,
dry, and multiple dry years. This water supply and demand assessment shall
compare the total water supply sources available to the water supplier with the total
projected water use over the next 20 years, in five-year increments, for a normal
water year, a single dry year water year, and multiple dry water years. The water
service reliability assessment shall be based upon the information compiled pursuant
to Section 10631, including available data from state, regional, or local agency
population projections within the service area of the urban water supplier.
As previously discussed in Section 3.1, the City Domestic Water System applied
SBX7-7 to estimate the City’s 2015 Interim Urban Water Use Target of 288 GPCD and
the City’s 2020 Urban Water Use Target of 256 GPCD. These Urban Water Use
Targets were then applied to estimate the Domestic Water System projected normal
year demands in 2015, 2020, 2025, and 2030, as shown on Table 6. The City Domestic
and Wholesale Water Systems will continue to use groundwater, surface water, and
recycled water as its future water supplies over the next 20 years. The following
sections discuss the City’s water service reliability assessment, which compares the
City’s supply and customer demand over the next 20 years during normal, dry and
multiple dry years.
5.4.5.1 NORMAL WATER YEAR
As previously discussed, the City’s Domestic Water System projected normal
water year consumer demand over the next 20 years in five-year increments was based
on the City’s 2015 and 2020 Urban Water Use Targets of 288 GPCD and 256 GPCD,
respectively. The City’s Domestic Water System projected supply was based on the
minimum supplies needed by the City to meet projected normal year customer demand,
as shown on Table 6. The comparison of the City’s Domestic Water System projected
supply and consumer demand during a normal water year is shown on Table 23. As
shown on Table 23, the Domestic Water System supply can meet customer demands
during a normal water year for the next 20 years.
5.4.5.2 SINGLE-DRY YEAR
Historically when the City Domestic Water System experienced a single-dry year,
the water supplies were not affected by the single-dry year and the City was able to
meet its consumer demands. As shown in Table 17, during a worst case scenario for a
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single-dry year, the Domestic Water System water demands ratio between normal year
and single-dry year was estimated to be about 95 percent. Consequently, the
Domestic Water System’s projected dry year water supplies over the next 20 years
were based on the ratio of 95 percent of the normal year supplies. The comparison of
the projected water supply and customer demand during a single-dry year is shown on
Table 24. As shown on Table 24, the Domestic Water System’s water supply should be
able to meet consumer demands during a single-dry year for the next 20 years.
5.4.5.3 MULTIPLE DRY YEARS
Historically, when the Domestic Water System experienced multiple dry years,
the water supplies were not affected and the Domestic Water System was able to meet
its consumer demands. As shown in Table 17, during a worst case scenario for multiple
dry years, the Domestic Water System consumer demand ratio between normal year
and multiple dry years was estimated to be about 95 percent. Consequently, the
Domestic Water System projected dry year water supplies over the next 20 years were
based on a ratio of 95 percent of the normal year supplies. The comparison of the
projected water supply and consumer demand during multiple dry years is shown on
Table 25. As shown on Table 25, the Domestic Water System water supply should
meet consumer demand during multiple dry years for the next 20 years.
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Section 6
DEMAND MANAGEMENT MEASURES
The City is not a member of the California Urban Water Conservation Council
(CUWCC), therefore, not a signatory to the Memorandum of Understanding regarding
Urban Water Conservation in California. Therefore, the City does not submit annual
reports to the CUWCC for the City Domestic Water System. As a result, the City is
complying with Section 6, Demand Management Measures (DMMs) as required by the
Water Code.
In recent years the City and Cal Water have initiated several measures and
programs to increase urban water conservation within and outside the City limits. The
City is increasing urban water conservation through a combination of ordinances,
municipal codes, the use of recycled water, and participation in regional water
planning.
The City has established city-wide landscape standards to promote water use
efficiency by encouraging landscape design to minimize watering and avoid
unnecessary runoff of irrigation water. These standards are now implemented
through a model water efficient landscape ordinance (Bakersfield Municipal Code,
17.04.358, amended 17.61). The City’s city-wide Municipal Code prohibits water
flowing across sidewalks (12.28.020), allowing irrigation water to overflow into gutters
(12.28.030), and creates a duty to turnoff water before it flows into gutters
(12.28.040). Wasting water under these city-wide municipal codes is enforceable by
general penalty (provision1.40.010). If wasting water is not corrected within five
days, the City may discontinue service (14.04.300). The City has also adopted a city-
wide Uniform Building Code, which contains water fixture efficiency measures for all
new construction.
The City’s city-wide water conservation measures were previously described in
the 2005 UWMP update (City of Bakersfield 2007). The City implements many city-
wide measures to conserve water and increase the public awareness of water
conservation. One of the City’s conservation measures is to provide detailed
information on water use from their metered water system to customers to show inter-
-annual changes in consumption. Customers whose water use is metered tend to
use less water than unmetered customers because the cost for metered water is
adjusted based on water use. Less water used equals lower costs.
The City also closely monitors the Domestic Water System for leaks and water
loss. Large landscaped city-owned areas are monitored with computer-controlled
irrigation systems to minimize water use and identify leaks in the system. The City’s
Recreation and Parks Department, the single largest water user, continues to
implement irrigation efficiency technology using Rainbird’s Maxicom system. This
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master control system monitors weather conditions and water use patterns to provide
for efficient park and median island irrigation as well as alerting staff to potential
waterline breaks or sprinkler head breaks.
Recycled water is used within the City whenever possible to offset demands for
surface and groundwater. Wastewater Treatment Plant No.3, within the City
Domestic Water System service area, is producing approximately 1,120 acre-feet per
year of disinfected tertiary treated water for recycled water use for irrigating purposes
at the City’s Sports Village (described in Section 4.5.2). When the Sports Village is
completely built out, the anticipated irrigation demand of 2,240 acre-feet per year will
be supplied 100 percent by recycled water.
The City also participates in the Kern County Integrated Regional Water
Management Plan (IRWMP) and has an approved project that calls for metropolitan
area water conservation. The City has received preliminary notification that grant
funding will be awarded to provide additional water conservation measures within the
metropolitan area in cooperation with other local water purveyors. In addition, the City
received a letter from DWR regarding its implementation of the Urban Best
Management Practices (BMPs) dated June 6, 2013 (see Appendix M). The DWR letter
stated DWR reviewed the City’s BMPs and found the BMPs were consistent with
AB1420 and therefore, is eligible to receive water management grant or loan funds.
The City is committed to water conservation. It is the City’s goal that in the near
future water conservation practices available to Cal Water’s customers are also
available to customers within the City Domestic Water System’s service area. The City
directly and indirectly implements projects and demand management measures (DMM)
that conserve water and increases the public’s awareness of water conservation and
other water-related issues. The City recognizes water conservation and DMMs are
important to the reliability of water sources. As required by the Act, the City will address
each of the 14 water DMMs (Section 10631 (f)) in the sections below, implemented
directly by the City or indirectly through Cal Water.
6.1 DESCRIPTION OF DEMAND MANAGEMENT MEASURES
Section 10631
(f) Provide a description of the supplier’s water demand management measures.
This description shall include all of the following:
(1) A description of each water demand management measure that is currently
being implemented, or scheduled for implementation, including the steps
necessary to implement any proposed measures, including, but not limited to, all
of the following:
(A) Water survey programs for single-family residential and multifamily
residential customers.
(B) Residential plumbing retrofit.
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(C) System water audits, leak detection, and repair.
(D) Metering with commodity rates for all new connections and retrofit of
existing connections.
(E) Large landscape conservation programs and incentives.
(F) High-efficiency washing machine rebate programs.
(G) Public information programs.
(H) School education programs.
(I) Conservation programs for commercial, industrial, and institutional
accounts.
(J) Wholesale agency programs.
(K) Conservation pricing.
(L) Water conservation coordinator.
(M) Water waste prohibition.
(N) Residential ultra-low-flush toilet replacement programs.
(2) A schedule of implementation for all water demand management measures
proposed or described in the plan.
(3) A description of the methods, if any, that the supplier will use to evaluate the
effectiveness of water demand management measures implemented or
described under the plan.
(4) An estimate, if available, of existing conservation savings on water use within the
supplier’s service area, and the effect of the savings on the supplier’s ability to
further reduce demand.
6.1.1 WATER SURVEY PROGRAMS FOR SINGLE-FAMILY RESIDENTIAL
AND MULTIFAMILY RESIDENTIAL CUSTOMERS[10631(F)(1)(A)]
The City Domestic Water System is operated and maintained by Cal Water and
100 percent of its service connections are metered, exclusive of public fire protection
services (public fire hydrants). Having all its service connections metered provides
accurate detail to the City, and the customer, of quantities of water used year over year
and allows both the City and its customers the opportunity to monitor water
consumption data. The following sections are water survey programs for single-family
residential and multifamily residential customers offered directly or indirectly by the City
Domestic Water System.
6.1.1.1 RESIDENTIAL ASSISTANT PROGRAMS
Water Conservation Survey – Currently, the City’s Domestic Water System
residential customers are not eligible for the Residential Water Use Survey Program
implemented by Cal Water’s conservation department. However, Cal Water does meet
with City customers if the customer calls regarding excessive water use at a residence
or business location. The Cal Water representative will evaluate the problem and
recommend a solution if the problem can be identified. Cal Water records all customer
calls and site visits. The City plans to implement a formal Residential and Commercial
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2010 URBAN WATER MANAGEMENT PLAN
6-4
Water Use Survey Program in Fiscal Year 2014/2015 when grant funds are awarded by
DWR to the City. The cost of this program is known from previous analysis conducted
by Cal Water.
Water Efficiency Inspections – Cal Water has computerized a billing system for
the Domestic Water System that automatically audits customer’s water usage. The
billing system monitors water consumption and flags unusual variations in consumption,
Cal Water alerts the City about leaks in the Domestic Water System or inoperable
meters. If problems exist, customers can request assistance from a Cal Water service
representative. A Cal Water representative will visit the customer’s site, assess the
water use, and make recommendations. If the Cal Water representative concludes the
problem exists within the customer’s system, Cal Water will recommend alternatives the
customer can implement to repair the problem. If the Cal Water representative
concludes the problem exists within the City Domestic Water System’s service
connection, the representative will make the necessary repairs. This program
effectively helps identify/eliminate leaks within customer’s service connection and
informs the customer of their water usage. The City plans to continue implementing this
program. The water conservation savings is not available for this program. Funding
and cost effective analyses are not allocated separately for this program, as it is
included in a contract between Cal Water and the City of Bakersfield.
6.1.1.2 LANDSCAPE WATER SURVEY
Check irrigation systems and timers for maintenance and repairs needed –
Cal Water currently performs this activity on the City Domestic Water System on an as
needed basis and records all surveys conducted. The City plans to continue
implementing this program. The water conservation savings is not available for this
program. Funding is not allocated separately for this program, as it is included in a
contract between Cal Water and the City of Bakersfield.
Develop customer irrigation schedule based on precipitation rate, local
climate, irrigation system performance, and landscape conditions – The City’s
Recreation and Parks Department is the biggest water user in the City Domestic Water
System service area. The City’s Recreation and Parks Department is implementing a
program installing smart irrigation controller systems at many of its park sites. These
smart controllers will consider precipitation rate, climate, irrigation system performance,
and landscape conditions. The City already has several parks with these systems and
plans to have about 18 additional parks up and running with smart irrigation controllers
by 2017. The City has been preliminarily awarded a grant to install the controllers at the
18 new locations within the City limits. Since all parks within the Domestic Water
System service area are metered, the City Domestic Water System will compare water
CITY OF BAKERSFIELD
2010 URBAN WATER MANAGEMENT PLAN
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usage at the park sites before and after the program is implemented in order to evaluate
the effectiveness of this program.
Provide information packet to customer; and provide customer with
evaluation results and water savings recommendation – Cal Water is available to
meet with Domestic Water System customers interested in water savings evaluation
and recommendation. Based on these evaluations/recommendations, the customer’s
water usage decreases. This program is effective and works well in lowering
customer’s water usage. The water conservation savings is not available for this
program. Funding and cost effective analysis are not allocated separately for this
program, as it is included in a contract between Cal Water and the City of Bakersfield.
6.1.2 RESIDENTIAL PLUMBING RETROFIT [10631(F)(1)(B)]
The future grant that the City will receive includes funding for water conservation
kits that contain water saving fixtures. The grant will also pay for vouchers and rebates
for City Domestic Water System customers who purchase water saving fixtures and
appliances. When the City receives the grant, the City would begin to implement the
distribution of these water saving devices. It is estimated that this program would be
implemented during summer 2014. The City will allocate $30,000 as part of its fiscal
year 2014-2015 budget for a rebate and voucher program. Cal Water currently
implements a rebate/voucher program for its entire Bakersfield District water system,
and has indicated that they could administrate the City’s program for the City Domestic
Water System.
In the future, the City Domestic Water System plans on distributing water
conserving devices (including hose, nozzles and kitchen aerators) to customers that
complete a request card with Cal Water, either at public outreach events or in Cal
Water’s Bakersfield District Office. Cal Water will then mail the items to the customer.
The process will be the same as the process currently implemented by Cal Water for
their entire Bakersfield District customers. Once implemented, this program will
effectively contribute to the conservation of water by providing the City Domestic Water
System's customers with alternate, water efficient plumbing retrofit devices.
In addition, the City of Bakersfield has adopted, by reference, the Uniform
Building Code (UBC) sections relating to low water use plumbing fixtures installed in
new construction. The City Domestic Water System periodically evaluates changes in
the UBC and updates City Domestic Water System standards to reflect changes in the
law. Assembly Bill No. 2355 has been incorporated into the City Building and Plumbing
Codes Standards as required. A majority of the City Domestic Water System's 42,000
plus service connections were constructed in the last 25 years, and already
CITY OF BAKERSFIELD
2010 URBAN WATER MANAGEMENT PLAN
6-6
include/benefit from the latest in water plumbing technology, including low flow toilets
and fixtures.
6.1.3 SYSTEM WATER AUDITS, LEAK DETECTION, AND REPAIR
[10631(F)(1)(C)]
The goals of modern water loss control methods include both an increase in
water use efficiency in the utility operations and proper economic valuation of water
losses to support water loss control activities. In May 2009, the American Water Works
Association (AWWA) published the 3rd Edition M36 Manual Water Audits and Loss
Control Programs. This DMM will incorporate these new water loss management
procedures and apply them.
6.1.3.1 CITY DOMESTIC WATER SYSTEM
The City Domestic Water System has incorporated procedures and practices to
achieve water conservation and manage its water supply. Extensive records on
consumption, production, and use histories are maintained. In addition, the City
Domestic Water System is 100 percent metered, enabling the customer to receive
information on their water use, and encourage them to adjust their consumption
accordingly. Within the City Domestic Water System's service area, a leak detection
and repair program is implemented through Cal Water and by the City Domestic Water
System directly.
Cal Water, on behalf of the City Domestic Water System, repairs leaks within the
City Domestic Water System's distribution system on a routine basis. In addition, the
City Domestic Water System has a continuing program of meter change-outs to
systematically replace older meters. A sampling of the old meters are then tested for
accuracy to evaluate the unaccounted for losses in the system.
The City Domestic Water System closely monitors its water production and
consumption to calculate the amount of "unaccountable water". Water loss can result
from activities such as the installation of new water mains, difference in accuracy of
meters, discharges from water facilities or water connections, street cleaning, and fire
department training. If the City Domestic Water System notices any abnormally high
water use, Cal Water staff will go out to identify the problem and make any necessary
repairs. This program is effective in maintaining distribution systems that deliver water
effectively and efficiently with the least amount of water loss. The amount of water
conserved through the City Domestic Water System's program can be estimated by
evaluating the average amount of "unaccounted for water". It should be noted the
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2010 URBAN WATER MANAGEMENT PLAN
6-7
amount of City Domestic Water System "unaccounted for water" does not change
significantly from year to year and is typically about 7 percent.
In addition, the City Domestic Water System has standards for water main
installations within its system. These standards require pressure and leak testing before
acceptance by the City Domestic Water System. The standards for pressure and leak
testing are patterned after the American Water Works Association, Specification C600
and Specification C603-78. Any new water system installations are constructed under
strict standards for pressure and leak detection.
The programs discussed are effective and water efficient in audits, leak detection
and repairs. The water conservation savings is not available for the programs. Funding
and cost effective analysis is not allocated separately for this program, as it is included
in a contract between Cal Water and the City of Bakersfield.
6.1.3.2 CITY WHOLESALE WATER SYSTEM
All water diverted via the Kern River channel, or lined or unlined canals is
measured by City staff. Many of the City’s water transportation facilities are unlined and
any water that percolates or evaporates is considered “loss” even though it is of benefit
to the underlying aquifer when the percolated water is recharged. Kern River water is
delivered to the City Domestic System and Cal Water by way of unlined channels and
canals and water that percolates through this system benefits the groundwater supply.
Detailed records of these loses are tracked and recorded on a daily basis. Intake
structures and pipelines that deliver Kern River water to Cal Water's treatment plants
are owned and operated by Cal Water. The City owns the 2,800 Acres recharge facility
Well Field and has a distribution system that is also operated by Cal Water through
contract. Water from these wells is measured at each wellhead before it is discharged
into a pipeline which then discharges the water to a 10 million gallon storage tank. The
water is then measured again and boosted to the distribution system. The water
conservation savings is not available for the program. The cost benefit analysis is not
available for this program.
6.1.4 METERING WITH COMMODITY RATES FOR ALL NEW
CONNECTIONS AND RETROFIT OF EXISTING CONNECTIONS
[10631(F)(1)(D)]
For consistency with California Water Code (Section 525b), this DMM refers to
potable water systems. A water meter is defined as a devise that measures the actual
volume of water delivered to an account in conformance with the guidelines of the
CITY OF BAKERSFIELD
2010 URBAN WATER MANAGEMENT PLAN
6-8
American Water Works Association. Implementation shall consist of at least the
following actions:
1) The City requires meters for all new service connections on the City
Domestic Water System, excluding fire services. All wholesale water sold
to Cal Water is metered prior to and after treatment at the two water
treatment plants. All wholesale water diverted for agricultural purposes
and sold is measured manually using overpour or pressure methods.
2) Retail customers’ meters are read monthly by volume of use and billed
monthly. Cal Water is invoiced monthly for wholesale water delivered to
their treatment plants. Kern River Canal & Irrigation Company customers
that purchase Kern River water off the KRC&I laterals are billed monthly
for water delivered.
a) All retail and wholesale customers are billed monthly.
3) The City Domestic Water System prepares a written plan, policy or
program that includes:
a) Cal Water keeps an inventory of all meters on the retail water
system. This inventory includes size, type, year installed,
customer class served and manufacturer’s warranty accuracy
when new. Water meters are used to measure wholesale water
delivered to Cal Water treatment plants. Manual gates are used
to divert water to the City’s wholesale agricultural customers and
measurements are taken manually using overpour or pressure
methods and flow meters.
b) Cal Water keeps a schedule of meter testing and repair by size,
type and customer class.
4) It is City policy to have dedicated domestic, landscape, and fire service
lines for commercial accounts.
6.1.4.1 CITY DOMESTIC WATER SYSTEM
The City Domestic Water System has a complete metered system for all
customer sectors exclusive of public fire protection services and public fire hydrants.
The City Domestic Water System has separate meters for each unit of single-family
residential. Commercial and all institutional/governmental facilities have separate
domestic, irrigation and fire services. Metered service connections provide accurate
detail for the City Domestic Water System, and the customers, of the quantities of water
used in particular situations, allowing both City Domestic Water System and customers
to be aware of amounts of water consumed. The metering method allows the customer
to be rewarded for practicing water conservation methods, through a lower monthly
water bill. It is accepted industry philosophy that metering promotes conservation.
CITY OF BAKERSFIELD
2010 URBAN WATER MANAGEMENT PLAN
6-9
The Public Utilities Commission of the State of California, General Order No.103
encourages metered volume sales unless specific authorization has been granted
otherwise. Although not under the CPUC, the City Water System has adopted service
standards patterned after General Order No.103. Currently the City Domestic Water
System's water rates are on a basic system with fixed fees that vary with the size of the
connection, and an additional commodity rate based on actual amount of water used.
A copy of the City Domestic Water System's current rate schedule is located in
Appendix K. A billing unit for the City Domestic Water System is equivalent to one
hundred cubic feet, which is commonly referred to as HCF or CCF. The water
conservation savings is not available for the program. The cost benefit analysis is not
available for this program.
6.1.4.2 CITY WHOLESALE WATER SYSTEM
The City Wholesale Water System meters water sales to the City Domestic
Water System and to Cal Water. The City Wholesale System has a rate of $110 per
acre-foot for irrigation or groundwater banking. A copy of the City Wholesale System's
Rate Schedule is included as Appendix K. The water conservation savings is not
available for the program. The cost benefit analysis is not available for this program.
6.1.5 LARGE LANDSCAPE CONSERVATION PROGRAMS AND
INCENTIVES [10631(F)(1)(E)]
The City Domestic Water System does not directly implement a large landscape
conservation program for landscaped areas within the City of Bakersfield. However,
the majority of large landscape areas within the City Water System's service area are
maintained by the City of Bakersfield Recreation and Parks Department. This
department evaluates and reads irrigation meters seasonally to avoid water waste. As
discussed previously in this Section, the City is implementing a program and installing
computerized controlled irrigation systems in parks to water only when needed. In
addition, the City of Bakersfield plants drought tolerant trees and shrubs in its parks.
These programs help reduce the amount of water needed for outdoor water use. The
water conservation savings is not available for the program. The cost benefit analysis
is not available for this program.
In addition, the City Domestic Water System informs its customers about
landscape water conservation. The City Domestic Water System has included
"envelope stuffers" on water conservation and water saving tips in customer's monthly
bills. Special emphasis for public information has been placed on outdoor water use
especially during the hot and dry summer months. The City Domestic Water System
CITY OF BAKERSFIELD
2010 URBAN WATER MANAGEMENT PLAN
6-10
also has a continual policy of meeting with a customer when there is a display of outside
waste of water noticed. The City Water System adopted water waste prohibitions and
ordinances also prohibit the waste of water for outdoor use. The water conservation
savings is not available for the program. The cost benefit analysis is not available for
this program.
6.1.6 HIGH-EFFICIENCY WASHING MACHINE REBATE PROGRAMS
[10631(F)(1)(F)]
The City Domestic Water System does not currently offer incentives for high-
efficiency clothes washing machines (HECWs). The City has applied for a grant that
would allow the City to offer some rebates and vouchers for HECW to customers. The
City expects to implement HECW rebate programs in the next three (3) years.
6.1.7 PUBLIC INFORMATION PROGRAMS [10631(F)(1)(G)]
The City Domestic Water System has implemented public information programs
in the past directly through City Domestic Water System sponsored events and through
Cal Water’s available programs. The City Domestic Water System’s public information
programs include the following:
On the City’s website, there is a “Save Our Water” link, which takes
users to the www.saveourh2o.org website, where users can find
information on water conservation.
The City has budgeted for sending out bill stuffers that educate and
remind customers to conserve water.
Customer’s bills show a detailed summary of water use for the current
month and the bills give a consumption history for the previous 12
months.
When grant funds become available, brochures and water saving kits
would be available at business offices and may be distributed to schools
and government offices.
Public releases on water and water conservation have been distributed
to the media.
The City Domestic Water System participates in “Water Awareness
Month” each May, in conjunction with the Water Association of Kern
County and the American Water Works Association.
The City participates with ID4 in school educational programs as
discussed in the following Section 6.1.8.
CITY OF BAKERSFIELD
2010 URBAN WATER MANAGEMENT PLAN
6-11
The water conservation savings is not available for the program. The cost
benefit analysis is not available for this program.
6.1.8 SCHOOL EDUCATION PROGRAMS [10631(F)(1)(H)]
The City Domestic Water System has implemented school education programs
directly and in cooperation with ID4:
The City Domestic Water System participates in “Water Awareness
Month” each May. This program promotes water conservation and
provides displays for local government offices and libraries to set-
up.
ID4 provides programs including classroom education, water facility
tours, and radio and television ads. These programs are funded
from general tax revenues derived in part from customers of the
City Domestic Water System’s water system. The water
conservation savings is not available for the program. The cost
benefit analysis is not available for this program.
6.1.9 CONSERVATION PROGRAMS FOR COMMERCIAL, INDUSTRIAL AND
INSTITUTIONAL ACCOUNTS [10631(F)(1)(I)]
A conservation program for commercial, industrial and institutional (CII)
customers is implemented through Cal Water's operation and maintenance of the City
Domestic Water System's water system. All Cll customers within the City Domestic
Water System's service area are metered and Cal Water has identified and ranked
these customers according to use (commercial, industrial or institutional). If there is a
leak or problem in the City Domestic Water System's distribution system, the
computerized billing system will alert the City Domestic Water System by flagging all
variations in water use. Also, based on customer requests, Cal Water will check for
leaks. Cal Water provides information for Cll customers in their water bills on water use.
In addition, the City of Bakersfield has adopted the California Administrative Code, Title
24 (State Building Standards Code) relating to Energy Conservation in new building
construction. The code specifically relates to energy conservation, but some of the
provisions apply to the use of low-flow showerheads, lavatory faucets and sink faucets
by Cll customers. The Water Board of the City recently directed staff to focus the City’s
water conservation efforts on the commercial, industrial, and institutional water users.
The water conservation savings is not available for the program. The cost benefit
analysis is not available for this program.
CITY OF BAKERSFIELD
2010 URBAN WATER MANAGEMENT PLAN
6-12
6.1.10 WHOLESALE AGENCY PROGRAMS [10631(F)(1)(J)]
The City Wholesale Water System’s Wholesale Agency Programs include
metering and commodity rates. More information is discussed in Section 6.1.4.2 under
“Metering with Commodity Rates for All New Connections and Retrofit of Existing
Connections.” The evaluation of the effectiveness and the estimates of existing
conservation savings on water use and the effect of such savings are not readily
available due to the fact that the wholesale system has always been metered with
commodity rates.
6.1.11 CONSERVATION PRICING [10631(F)(1)(K)]
6.1.11.1 CITY DOMESTIC WATER SYSTEM
The City Domestic Water System water rates are not set up in a tiered structured
where customers who use less water, pay less. Instead, the City Domestic Water
System’s water rate schedule uses two components, a monthly service charge based
upon the size of the customer’s connection and a commodity rate based on actual water
use. A billing unit for the commodity rate is equivalent to one hundred cubic feet which
is commonly referred to as HCF or CCF. A customer in the City Domestic Water
System limits that has a one-inch connection is charged $14.55 as a monthly service
charge plus $0.91/CCF, whereas a customer in the unincorporated areas with a one-
inch connection is charged $18.92 as a monthly service charge plus $1.14/CCF. A
customer in the City Domestic Water System limits with a two-inch connection is
charged $30.22 as a monthly service charge plus $0.91/CCF, whereas a customer in
the unincorporated areas with a two-inch connection is charged $39.29 charge plus
$1.14/CCF. A copy of the City Domestic Water System’s current rate schedule is
located in Appendix K. The City’s Domestic Water System water rate structure
promotes water conservation. According to the CUWCC’s Memorandum of
Understanding Regarding Urban Water Conservation in California, a retail water
purveyor’s volumetric rate shall be deemed sufficiently consistent with the definition of
conservation pricing. The City’s Domestic Water System water rate structure for its
domestic water users meets this criterion.
6.1.11.2 CITY WHOLESALE WATER SYSTEM
The City Wholesale Water System provides water to the City Domestic Water
System and to Cal Water at the City Wholesale Water System's cost. In doing so, there
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2010 URBAN WATER MANAGEMENT PLAN
6-13
is not an unnecessary financial burden on the City of Bakersfield residents.
Conservation pricing is practiced by both the City Domestic Water System and Cal
Water. These retail suppliers encourage customers to practice water conservation
efforts at the retail level. More information on Cal Water's water conservation
coordinator program can be found in its 2010 UWMP, and is incorporated by reference.
The water conservation savings is not available for the program. The cost benefit
analysis is not available for this program.
6.1.12 WATER CONSERVATION COORDINATOR [10631(F)(1)(L)]
6.1.12.1 CITY DOMESTIC WATER SYSTEM
In accordance with the operations and maintenance agreement between the City
of Bakersfield and Cal Water for the City Domestic Water System, Cal Water
implements a Water Conservation or Waste of Water program for the City. This
program is executed by Cal Water under the direction of the Cal Water’s Water
Conservation Coordinator of behalf of the City of Bakersfield. Cal Water’s Water
Conservation Coordinator is not employed directly by the City Domestic Water System.
The water conservation oversees all available conservation programs that are available
to the City Domestic Water System customers through Cal Water. The current water
conservation coordinator develops and implements programs within the City Domestic
Water System's service area that meet the CUWCC BMP (Best Management Practices)
guidelines, which coincide with many of the DMMs. For an additional cost, the City may
pay Cal Water to implement some DMMs that are not currently implemented. The City
has received preliminary award of grant funding to implement more DMMs and will use
Cal Water’s water conservation coordinator to facilitate the program. The water
conservation savings is not available for the program. The cost benefit analysis is not
available for this program.
6.1.12.2 CITY WHOLESALE WATER SYSTEM
The City Wholesale Water System does not directly implement a water
conservation coordinator due to not having direct retail customers; however, as
discussed in the previous section, Cal Water employs a water conservation coordinator
who also oversees conservation programs that are available in the City Domestic Water
System. The water conservation savings is not available for the program. The cost
benefit analysis is not available for this program.
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2010 URBAN WATER MANAGEMENT PLAN
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6.1.13 WATER WASTE PROHIBITION [10631(F)(1)(M)]
The City of Bakersfield has adopted various Municipal Code Ordinances relating
to water wastage. The ordinances apply to all water utilities who supply water within the
incorporated City of Bakersfield boundaries, as well as the City Domestic Water
System. The water conservation savings is not available for the program. The cost
benefit analysis is not available for this program. A list of these ordinances is provided
and described below:
• 12.28.020 Water on sidewalks
Any person owning or having in his possession any water pipe, drain or hose and who
permits the water there from to run across any sidewalk, public street or alleyway, so as
to injure the same or obstruct or interfere with the free travel thereon, or who permits
said water to run into or upon the surface of the street, shall be punished as set forth in
general penalty provision Section 1.40.010, excepting, however, that it is not unlawful to
use a reasonable amount of water to clean any sidewalk or portion thereof within the
city. (Ord. 3434 § 2, 1992: prior code§ 10.07.070)
•12.28.030 Allowing irrigation water to overflow into gutters
It is unlawful for the owner, agent or tenant of any dwelling house, apartment house, flat
building or any building or premises in the city where water is used to irrigate or sprinkle
the lawn or plants on or about said premises to allow the water so being used to run, or
for such person to sprinkle said premises until the water floods the parking space
between the sidewalk and the curb and overflows into the gutter and street. (Prior code
§ 8.56.010)
• 12.28.040 Duty to turn off water before it overflows into gutters
It shall be the duty of all owners, agents or tenants of dwelling houses, apartment
houses, flat buildings and all such premises where water is used to irrigate or sprinkle
the lawn and plants on or about said premises, to shut or turn off all water before the
same runs over the curb in front of said premises and into the gutter and street. (Prior
code§ 8.56.020)
• 14.04.300 Service connections, meters and customers' facilities - Water wastage
Where negligent or wasteful use of water exists on a customer's premises, seriously
affecting the general service, the city may discontinue the service if such conditions are
not corrected within five days after giving customer written notice of intent to do so.
(Prior code § 1.46.150(g))
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2010 URBAN WATER MANAGEMENT PLAN
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6.1.14 RESIDENTIAL ULTRA-LOW FLUSH TOILET REPLACEMENT
PROGRAMS [10631(F)(1)(N)]
The City Domestic Water System does not implement a residential ULFT
program. The current code requires low flow toilets be installed in new houses.
Adoption of the new Building Code in 2014 will require that existing houses comply with
the low flow toilet requirements. The water conservation savings is not available for the
program. The cost benefit analysis is not available for this program.
In addition, the City of Bakersfield has adopted, by reference, the Uniform
Building Code sections relating to low water use plumbing fixtures installed in new
construction. The City Domestic Water System periodically evaluates changes in the
Code and updates City Domestic Water System standards to reflect changes in the law.
The water conservation savings is not available for the program. The cost benefit
analysis is not available for this program.
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2010 URBAN WATER MANAGEMENT PLAN
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Section 7
COMPLETED URBAN WATER MANAGEMENT CHECKLIST
A completed Plan checklist, with page information indicating where the required
element can be found within the Plan, is provided in Appendix N.
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e
l
i
v
e
r
i
e
s
(
A
F
)
2
7
,
5
2
1
1
,
4
2
1
6
,
7
3
4
4
5
7
3
,
4
9
6
0
4
8
2
4
0
,
1
1
0
3
,
1
0
0
4
3
,
2
1
0
No
.
o
f
U
n
m
e
t
e
r
e
d
A
c
c
o
u
n
t
s
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
4
9
6
-
-
4
9
6
4
9
6
20
1
5
N
o
.
o
f
M
e
t
e
r
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d
A
c
c
o
u
n
t
s
3
9
,
1
9
3
3
9
5
1
,
9
4
1
1
9
5
6
7
-
-
4
9
4
2
,
1
6
4
4
2
,
1
6
4
Me
t
e
r
e
d
D
e
l
i
v
e
r
i
e
s
(
A
F
)
2
9
,
2
3
6
1
,
5
1
0
7
,
1
5
3
4
8
6
3
,
7
1
4
0
5
1
3
4
2
,
6
1
0
3
,
2
9
5
4
5
,
9
0
6
No
.
o
f
U
n
m
e
t
e
r
e
d
A
c
c
o
u
n
t
s
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
5
2
4
-
-
5
2
4
5
2
4
20
2
0
N
o
.
o
f
M
e
t
e
r
e
d
A
c
c
o
u
n
t
s
4
2
,
6
6
0
4
3
0
2
,
1
1
3
2
1
6
1
7
-
-
5
3
4
5
,
8
9
4
4
5
,
8
9
4
Me
t
e
r
e
d
D
e
l
i
v
e
r
i
e
s
(
A
F
)
2
8
,
2
8
9
1
,
4
6
1
6
,
9
2
2
4
7
0
3
,
5
9
3
0
4
9
4
4
1
,
2
2
8
3
,
1
9
0
4
4
,
4
1
9
No
.
o
f
U
n
m
e
t
e
r
e
d
A
c
c
o
u
n
t
s
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
5
7
0
-
-
5
7
0
5
7
0
20
2
5
N
o
.
o
f
M
e
t
e
r
e
d
A
c
c
o
u
n
t
s
4
6
,
6
4
1
4
7
0
2
,
3
1
0
2
3
6
7
5
-
-
5
8
5
0
,
1
7
6
5
0
,
1
7
6
Me
t
e
r
e
d
D
e
l
i
v
e
r
i
e
s
(
A
F
)
3
0
,
9
3
7
1
,
5
9
7
7
,
5
7
0
5
1
4
3
,
9
3
0
-
-
5
4
1
4
5
,
0
8
9
3
,
4
8
8
4
8
,
5
7
7
No
.
o
f
U
n
m
e
t
e
r
e
d
A
c
c
o
u
n
t
s
-
-
-
-
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-
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-
-
-
-
-
0
0
20
3
0
N
o
.
o
f
M
e
t
e
r
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d
A
c
c
o
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n
t
s
5
0
,
6
1
8
5
1
0
2
,
5
0
7
2
5
7
3
2
-
-
6
3
5
4
,
4
5
4
5
4
,
4
5
4
Me
t
e
r
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d
D
e
l
i
v
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r
i
e
s
(
A
F
)
3
3
,
7
7
6
1
,
7
4
4
8
,
2
6
4
5
6
1
4
,
2
9
0
-
-
5
9
1
4
9
,
2
2
7
3
,
5
0
9
5
2
,
7
3
5
No
.
o
f
U
n
m
e
t
e
r
e
d
A
c
c
o
u
n
t
s
-
-
-
-
-
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-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
0
0
as
s
h
o
w
n
i
n
T
a
b
l
e
6
.
TA
B
L
E
5
PA
S
T
,
C
U
R
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N
T
,
A
N
D
P
R
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T
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T
Y
'
S
D
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M
E
S
T
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A
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S
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V
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A
(1
)
S
e
e
T
a
b
l
e
4
f
o
r
2
0
0
5
a
n
d
2
0
1
0
;
P
r
o
j
e
c
t
e
d
d
o
m
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t
i
c
w
a
t
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r
s
y
s
t
e
m
c
u
s
t
o
m
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r
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s
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i
n
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l
u
d
e
s
W
a
t
e
r
C
o
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s
e
r
v
a
t
i
o
n
b
a
s
e
d
o
n
U
r
b
a
n
W
a
t
e
r
U
s
e
T
a
r
g
e
t
a
n
d
p
o
p
u
l
a
t
i
o
n
s
,
System Losses Total (1)
Ye
a
r
De
s
c
r
i
p
t
i
o
n
Wa
t
e
r
U
s
e
S
e
c
t
o
r
s
Year
Population of City of
Bakersfield Domestic
Water Service Area
Urban Water Use
Target (1) (GPCD)
Total Demands
(acre-feet) (2)
2005 113,600 35,819
2010 130,600 43,210
2015 142,300 288 45,906
2020 154,900 256 44,419
2025 169,400 256 48,577
2030 183,900 256 52,735
TABLE 6
PAST, CURRENT AND PROJECTED CUSTOMER WATER USE
(2) See Table 4 for 2005 to 2010; Projected retail customer water use
based on Urban Water Use Target and populations.
(1) See Section 3.1 for urban water use target and interim urban water use
IN CITY'S DOMESTIC WATER SERVICE AREA
20
0
5
20
1
0
20
1
5
20
2
0
20
2
5
2030
Re
t
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l
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2
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No
r
t
h
K
e
r
n
W
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(
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a
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t
)
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-
-
No
r
t
h
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e
r
n
W
S
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(
M
i
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a
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w
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l
o
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(
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t
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t
)
3
2
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1
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2
5
1
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-
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Ca
w
e
l
o
W
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(
M
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s
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l
a
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s
)
3
,
4
3
1
-
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-
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Ke
r
n
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u
l
a
r
e
W
D
(
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a
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t
r
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c
t
)
2
3
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7
0
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6
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8
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5
-
-
-
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Ke
r
n
-
T
u
l
a
r
e
W
D
(
M
i
s
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l
l
a
n
e
o
u
s
)
1,
0
4
4
-
-
-
-
-
Ra
g
G
u
l
t
c
h
W
D
(
B
a
s
i
c
C
o
n
t
r
a
c
t
)
3,
5
5
0
-
-
-
-
-
Ra
g
G
u
l
t
c
h
W
D
(
M
i
s
c
e
l
l
a
n
e
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u
s
)
19
2
-
-
-
-
-
Ro
s
e
d
a
l
e
R
B
W
S
D
(
B
a
s
i
c
C
o
n
t
r
a
c
t
)
20
,
0
0
0
14
,
8
4
8
10
,
0
0
0
10
,
0
0
0
10,000
10,000
Ro
s
e
d
a
l
e
R
B
W
S
D
(
M
i
s
c
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l
l
a
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u
s
)
28
,
7
2
5
54
-
-
-
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Ro
s
e
d
a
l
e
R
a
n
c
h
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D
9,
1
4
0
3,
2
1
9
-
-
-
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Bu
e
n
a
V
i
s
t
a
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2,
0
0
0
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We
s
t
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e
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n
W
a
t
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D
i
s
t
r
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c
t
10
,
0
0
0
-
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-
-
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Co
u
n
t
y
o
f
K
e
r
n
(
B
V
A
R
A
)
4,
1
5
3
-
-
-
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-
Ke
r
n
D
e
l
t
a
W
a
t
e
r
D
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s
t
r
i
c
t
(
M
i
s
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l
l
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n
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s
)
6
-
-
-
-
-
Ke
r
n
R
i
v
e
r
C
a
n
a
l
&
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r
r
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g
a
t
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o
.
(
K
R
C
&
I
)
-
2,
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3
9
-
-
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KR
C
&
I
-
I
r
r
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g
a
t
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e
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i
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s
4,
6
6
5
2,
9
5
5
5,
3
0
0
5,
3
0
0
5,300
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KR
C
&
I
-
N
o
r
t
h
G
a
r
d
e
n
T
r
e
a
t
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l
a
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t
(
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l
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a
t
e
r
)
-
5,
9
1
0
-
-
-
-
KR
C
&
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-
N
o
r
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h
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e
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n
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a
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L
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9,
3
0
2
8,
1
3
5
3,
5
0
0
3,
5
0
0
3,500
3,500
KR
C
&
I
-
C
a
w
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l
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D
a
t
P
u
m
p
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t
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"
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"
-
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n
G
r
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e
i
s
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c
h
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k
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Gu
i
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s
t
r
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t
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86
-
-
-
-
-
Su
b
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T
o
t
a
l
18
8
,
3
0
5
1
3
9
,
6
7
8
5
4
,
1
5
4
5
5
,
6
5
4
8
0
,
8
5
4
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,
8
5
4
Gr
o
u
n
d
w
a
t
e
r
R
e
c
h
a
r
g
e
54
,
9
6
0
6
6
,
2
2
4
7
3
,
5
9
6
7
2
,
0
9
6
4
6
,
8
9
6
4
6
,
8
9
6
Sy
s
t
e
m
L
o
s
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10
,
5
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7
8,
5
9
3
7,
2
5
0
7,
2
5
0
7,250 7,250
To
t
a
l
25
3
,
8
6
2
2
1
4
,
4
9
5
1
3
5
,
0
0
0
1
3
5
,
0
0
0
1
3
5
,
0
0
0
1
3
5
,
0
0
0
TA
B
L
E
7
TO
T
A
L
A
C
T
U
A
L
A
N
D
P
R
O
J
E
C
T
E
D
W
H
O
L
E
S
A
L
E
W
A
T
E
R
U
S
E
O
F
K
E
R
N
R
I
V
E
R
W
A
T
E
R
(
A
V
E
R
A
G
E
W
A
T
E
R
Y
E
A
R
S
)
(A
C
R
E
-
F
E
E
T
)
Year Single Family
Residential
Multi-family
Residential
Total Low Income
Water Customer
Demands
2015 12,137 1,155 13,292
2020 10,973 1,046 12,019
2025 11,174 1,066 12,240
2030 11,426 1,088 12,515
TABLE 8
PROJECTED LOWER INCOME WATER CUSTOMER DEMANDS
(ACRE-FEET)
IN CITY SERVICE AREA
Year
Kern County Water
Agency Improvement
District No. 4
Cal Water North
Garden Treatment
Plant
2010 3,446 1,788
2015 6,500 3,000
2020 6,500 4,500
2025 6,500 4,500
2030 6,500 4,500
TABLE 9
RETAIL AGENCY CUSTOMER DEMAND PROJECTIONS
(ACRE-FEET)
PROVIDED TO WHOLESALERS
TABLE 10
CURRENT AND PROJECTED RETAIL WATER SUPPLIES (NORMAL YEAR)
IN CITY'S DOMESTIC WATER SERVICE AREA
(ACRE-FEET)
Groundwater
Supplies Cal Water
Kern County
Water Agency
Kern County
Basin
North Garden
Treatment Plant
Improvement
District No. 4
2010 37,976 1,788 3,446 43,210
2015 36,406 3,000 6,500 45,906
2020 33,419 4,500 6,500 44,419
2025 37,577 4,500 6,500 48,577
2030 41,735 4,500 6,500 52,735
Year Total
Z:\Jobs\1113\08-2010 UWMPs\New Format combines Wholesale and Retail\tables\Table 10 - Retail Supplies.xls
TABLE 11
CURRENT AND PROJECTED
KERN RIVER WATER SUPPLIES
(NORMAL YEAR)
(ACRE-FEET)
Surface Water
Kern River
2010 219,754
2015 135,000
2020 135,000
2025 135,000
2030 135,000
(1) See Table 7 for total projected normal year demands
Year
Z:\Jobs\1113\08-2010 UWMPs\New Format combines Wholesale and Retail\tables\Table 11 - NonRetail Supplies.xls
TABLE 12
HISTORICAL, CURRENT AND PROJECTED VOLUME OF
GROUNDWATER PUMPED FROM KERN COUNTY SUB-BASIN
IN CITY'S DOMESTIC WATER SERVICE AREA
(ACRE-FEET)
2006 36,713
2007 42,451
2008 45,517
2009 45,775
2010 37,976
2015 36,406
2020 33,419
2025 37,577
2030 41,735
Year Groundwater Pumped
Z:\Jobs\1113\08-2010 UWMPs\New Format combines Wholesale and Retail\tables\Table 12 - Volume of Groundwater Pumped from Kern
County Sub-basin.xls
Ty
p
e
o
f
W
a
s
t
e
w
a
t
e
r
20
0
5
20
1
0
20
1
5
20
2
0
2025 2030
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S
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R
C
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R
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)
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p
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m
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d
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e
3
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n
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w
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s
4
TA
B
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1
5
MA
N
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B
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Pr
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h
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Pr
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j
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R
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d
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(
%
)
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c
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2
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Us
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n
g
p
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t
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b
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a
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r
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t
w
a
s
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n
g
3
2
1
t
o
3
5
Di
s
c
o
n
t
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n
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e
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s
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p
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w
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t
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s
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m
m
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n
g
p
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3
2
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t
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3
5
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q
u
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m
a
n
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t
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r
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r
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c
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s
3
2
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t
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3
5
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p
l
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m
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n
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d
r
o
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g
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t
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d
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n
a
n
c
e
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2
1
t
o
3
5
Mo
n
i
t
o
r
w
a
t
e
r
u
s
e
f
o
r
c
o
m
p
l
i
a
n
c
e
w
i
t
h
r
e
d
u
c
t
i
o
n
t
a
r
g
e
t
s
4
3
6
t
o
5
0
TA
B
L
E
1
6
CO
N
S
U
M
P
T
I
O
N
R
E
D
U
C
T
I
O
N
M
E
T
H
O
D
S
Year 1 Year 2 Year 3
North Garden Water Treatment Plant 4,500 2,000 2,000 2,000 2,000
KCWA ID4 6,500 6,500 6,500 6,500 6,500
Groundwater Supply from Wells 32,210 32,550 32,550 32,550 32,550
Total Retail Water Supply 43,210 41,050 41,050 41,050 41,050
Percent of Normal Year Supply 95.0% 95.0% 95.0% 95.0%
TABLE 17
SUPPLY RELIABILITY IN CITY'S DOMESTIC WATER SERVICE AREA
(ACRE-FEET)
Average/
Normal Year
Single Dry
Year
Multiple Dry Years
BASED ON HISTORICAL CONDITIONS
St
a
g
e
N
o
.
Wa
t
e
r
S
u
p
p
l
y
C
o
n
d
i
t
i
o
n
s
% Shortage
1
V
a
r
i
a
t
i
o
n
s
i
n
p
r
e
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p
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t
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n
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m
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d
d
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t
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t
m
a
y
l
a
s
t
o
n
l
y
a
y
e
a
r
o
r
t
w
o
0 to 10
2
P
r
o
l
o
n
g
e
d
w
a
t
e
r
s
h
o
r
t
a
g
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s
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f
m
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d
e
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t
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e
v
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t
y
s
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c
h
a
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t
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a
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s
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d
b
y
a
m
u
l
t
i
-
y
e
a
r
d
r
o
u
g
h
t
11 to 20
3
Mo
s
t
s
e
v
e
r
e
m
u
l
t
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-
y
e
a
r
d
r
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g
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t
s
,
m
a
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s
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p
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t
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a
n
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d
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r
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b
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t
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f
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c
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l
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t
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e
s
,
o
r
b
y
w
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t
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r
co
n
c
e
r
n
s
,
e
s
p
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l
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n
s
m
a
l
l
e
r
i
s
o
l
a
t
e
d
s
y
s
t
e
m
s
21 to 35
4
An
e
x
c
e
p
t
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l
c
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s
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h
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b
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y
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r
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a
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t
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m
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g
n
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f
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c
a
n
t
.
36 to 50
TA
B
L
E
1
8
RA
T
I
O
N
I
N
G
S
T
A
G
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S
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P
P
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G
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S
TA
B
L
E
1
9
PR
O
J
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D
A
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A
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FO
R
N
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A
L
,
C
R
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C
A
L
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D
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A
N
D
M
A
X
I
M
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M
D
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L
I
V
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S
(I
N
A
C
R
E
-
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)
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a
n
t
C
a
p
a
c
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t
y
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r
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l
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r
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M
a
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m
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m
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a
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(
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a
l
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l
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l
i
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20
0
9
20
2,
2
8
0
4,
5
0
0
22,800
20
1
2
40
29
,
5
0
0
10
,
5
2
5
37,200
20
1
7
60
39
,
6
0
0
13
,
8
2
5
54,000
Z:
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o
b
s
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1
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0
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Table 21
Reduction Goals for Cal Water Northeast Water Treatment Plant
(Based on the delivery schedule on Table 19)
Year
Normal
Delivery (AF)
Critically Dry
Delivery (AF)
Reduction
Goal
2002 12,000 4,500 62.5%
2009 22,800 4,500 80.3%
2012 29,500 10,525 65.3%
2017 39,600 13,825 65.1%
Z:\Jobs\1113\08-2010 UWMPs\New Format combines Wholesale and Retail\tables\Table 21 Stages and
Reduction
Year 1 (2)Year 2 (2)Year 3 (2)
Total Retail Water Supply 32,210 32,550 32,550 32,550
(1) See Table 17
(2) See Table 17 (Years 1, 2, and 3 based on 95% of Normal Year)
TABLE 22
SUPPLY RELIABILITY - THREE-YEAR ESTIMATED MINIMUM (GROUNDWATER SUPPLY)
(ACRE-FEET PER YEAR)
Sources of Supply Normal Year(1)Multiple Dry Years
2015 2020 2025 2030
Projected Normal Water Year Supply in City Service Area)
Total Supply (1)45,906 44,419 48,577 52,735
Projected Normal Water Year Customer Demand
Demand (2)45,906 44,419 48,577 52,735
Projected Normal Year Supply and Customer Demand Comparison
Difference (Supply minus Demand)0000
(1) See Table 10.
TABLE 23
PROJECTED NORMAL WATER YEAR SUPPLY AND DEMAND COMPARISON
(ACRE-FEET)
(2) See Table 6.
Z:\Jobs\1113\08-2010 UWMPs\New Format combines Wholesale and Retail\tables\Table 23 - Normal Year.xls
2015 2020 2025 2030
Projected Single-Dry Year Water Supply (in City Service Area)
Total Supply (1)43,611 42,198 46,148 50,098
Projected Single-Dry Year Water Customer Demand
Demand (2)43,611 42,198 46,148 50,098
Projected Single-Dry Year Water Supply and Customer Demand Comparison
Difference (Supply minus Demand)0000
(1) 95% of Normal Water Year. See Tables 23.
(2) 95% of Normal Water Year. See Tables 23.
TABLE 24
PROJECTED SINGLE-DRY WATER YEAR SUPPLY AND DEMAND COMPARISON
(ACRE-FEET)
Z:\Jobs\1113\08-2010 UWMPs\New Format combines Wholesale and Retail\tables\Table 24- Single Dry Year.xls
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2651 W Guadalupe Rd., Suite A209
San Rafael California 94901
2171 E Francisco Blvd., Suite K
Mesa Arizona 85202
FAX: (818) 331-7065
TEL: (818) 967-6202
COVINA, CALIFORNIA 91724
861 VILLAGE OAKS DRIVE, SUITE 100
2651 W Guadalupe Rd., Suite A209
San Rafael California 94901
2171 E Francisco Blvd., Suite K
Mesa Arizona 85202
FAX: (818) 331-7065
TEL: (818) 967-6202
COVINA, CALIFORNIA 91724
861 VILLAGE OAKS DRIVE, SUITE 100
CITY OF BAKERSFIELD
STETSON ENGINEERS INC.
Covina San Rafael Mesa, Arizona 54-YEAR ANNUAL RAINFALL
WATER RESOURCE ENGINEERS
P
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Source: National Weather Service Forecast Office, Hanford, CA Website for calendar years 1956 - 2010
54-year Average
6.12 inches
Z:\Jobs\1113\08-2010 UWMPs\New Format combines Wholesale and Retail\plates\Plate 3
2651 W Guadalupe Rd., Suite A209
San Rafael California 94901
2171 E Francisco Blvd., Suite K
Mesa Arizona 85202
FAX: (818) 331-7065
TEL: (818) 967-6202
COVINA, CALIFORNIA 91724
861 VILLAGE OAKS DRIVE, SUITE 100
PLATE 5
APPENDIX A
Urban Water Management Planning Act
California Urban Water Management Planning Act Page 1
July 5, 2005
Established:AB 797, Klehs, 1983
Amended:AB 2661, Klehs, 1990
AB 11X, Filante, 1991
AB 1869, Speier, 1991
AB 892, Frazee, 1993
SB 1017, McCorquodale, 1994
AB 2853, Cortese, 1994
AB 1845, Cortese, 1995
SB 1011, Polanco, 1995
AB 2552, Bates, 2000
SB 553, Kelley, 2000
SB 610, Costa, 2001
AB 901, Daucher, 2001
SB 672, Machado, 2001
SB 1348, Brulte, 2002
SB 1384, Costa, 2002
SB 1518, Torlakson, 2002
AB 105, Wiggins, 2004
SB 318, Alpert, 2004
SB 1087, Florez, 2005
SBX7 7, Steinberg, 2009
CALIFORNIA WATER CODE DIVISION 6
PART 2.6. URBAN WATER MANAGEMENT PLANNING
CHAPTER 1. GENERAL DECLARATION AND POLICY
10610. This part shall be known and may be cited as the "Urban Water Management
Planning Act."
10610.2. (a) The Legislature finds and declares all of the following:
(1) The waters of the state are a limited and renewable resource subject to
ever-increasing demands.
(2) The conservation and efficient use of urban water supplies are of
statewide concern; however, the planning for that use and the
implementation of those plans can best be accomplished at the local
level.
(3) A long-term, reliable supply of water is essential to protect the
productivity of California's businesses and economic climate.
California Urban Water Management Planning Act Page 2
July 5, 2005
(4) As part of its long-range planning activities, every urban water supplier
should make every effort to ensure the appropriate level of reliability in
its water service sufficient to meet the needs of its various categories
of customers during normal, dry, and multiple dry water years.
(5) Public health issues have been raised over a number of contaminants
that have been identified in certain local and imported water supplies.
(6) Implementing effective water management strategies, including
groundwater storage projects and recycled water projects, may require
specific water quality and salinity targets for meeting groundwater
basins water quality objectives and promoting beneficial use of
recycled water.
(7) Water quality regulations are becoming an increasingly important
factor in water agencies' selection of raw water sources, treatment
alternatives, and modifications to existing treatment facilities.
(8) Changes in drinking water quality standards may also impact the
usefulness of water supplies and may ultimately impact supply
reliability.
(9) The quality of source supplies can have a significant impact on water
management strategies and supply reliability.
(b) This part is intended to provide assistance to water agencies in carrying
out their long-term resource planning responsibilities to ensure adequate water
supplies to meet existing and future demands for water.
10610.4. The Legislature finds and declares that it is the policy of the state as follows:
(a) The management of urban water demands and efficient use of water shall
be actively pursued to protect both the people of the state and their water
resources.
(b) The management of urban water demands and efficient use of urban water
supplies shall be a guiding criterion in public decisions.
(c) Urban water suppliers shall be required to develop water management
plans to actively pursue the efficient use of available supplies.
CHAPTER 2. DEFINITIONS
10611. Unless the context otherwise requires, the definitions of this chapter govern the
construction of this part.
California Urban Water Management Planning Act Page 3
July 5, 2005
10611.5. "Demand management" means those water conservation measures,
programs, and incentives that prevent the waste of water and promote the reasonable
and efficient use and reuse of available supplies.
10612. "Customer" means a purchaser of water from a water supplier who uses the
water for municipal purposes, including residential, commercial, governmental, and
industrial uses.
10613. "Efficient use" means those management measures that result in the most
effective use of water so as to prevent its waste or unreasonable use or unreasonable
method of use.
10614. "Person" means any individual, firm, association, organization, partnership,
business, trust, corporation, company, public agency, or any agency of such an entity.
10615. "Plan" means an urban water management plan prepared pursuant to this part.
A plan shall describe and evaluate sources of supply, reasonable and practical efficient
uses, reclamation and demand management activities. The components of the plan
may vary according to an individual community or area's characteristics and its
capabilities to efficiently use and conserve water. The plan shall address measures for
residential, commercial, governmental, and industrial water demand management as
set forth in Article 2 (commencing with Section 10630) of Chapter 3. In addition, a
strategy and time schedule for implementation shall be included in the plan.
10616. "Public agency" means any board, commission, county, city and county, city,
regional agency, district, or other public entity.
10616.5. "Recycled water" means the reclamation and reuse of wastewater for
beneficial use.
10617. "Urban water supplier" means a supplier, either publicly or privately owned,
providing water for municipal purposes either directly or indirectly to more than 3,000
customers or supplying more than 3,000 acre-feet of water annually. An urban water
supplier includes a supplier or contractor for water, regardless of the basis of right,
which distributes or sells for ultimate resale to customers. This part applies only to
water supplied from public water systems subject to Chapter 4 (commencing with
Section 116275) of Part 12 of Division 104 of the Health and Safety Code.
CHAPTER 3. URBAN WATER MANAGEMENT PLANS
Article 1. General Provisions
10620.
California Urban Water Management Planning Act Page 4
July 5, 2005
(a) Every urban water supplier shall prepare and adopt an urban water
management plan in the manner set forth in Article 3 (commencing with
Section 10640).
(b) Every person that becomes an urban water supplier shall adopt an urban
water management plan within one year after it has become an urban water
supplier.
(c) An urban water supplier indirectly providing water shall not include planning
elements in its water management plan as provided in Article 2
(commencing with Section 10630) that would be applicable to urban water
suppliers or public agencies directly providing water, or to their customers,
without the consent of those suppliers or public agencies.
(d)
(1) An urban water supplier may satisfy the requirements of this part by
participation in areawide, regional, watershed, or basinwide urban
water management planning where those plans will reduce preparation
costs and contribute to the achievement of conservation and efficient
water use.
(2) Each urban water supplier shall coordinate the preparation of its plan
with other appropriate agencies in the area, including other water
suppliers that share a common source, water management agencies,
and relevant public agencies, to the extent practicable.
(e) The urban water supplier may prepare the plan with its own staff, by
contract, or in cooperation with other governmental agencies.
(f) An urban water supplier shall describe in the plan water management tools
and options used by that entity that will maximize resources and minimize
the need to import water from other regions.
10621.
(a) Each urban water supplier shall update its plan at least once every five
years on or before December 31, in years ending in five and zero.
(b) Every urban water supplier required to prepare a plan pursuant to this part
shall notify any city or county within which the supplier provides water
supplies that the urban water supplier will be reviewing the plan and
considering amendments or changes to the plan. The urban water supplier
may consult with, and obtain comments from, any city or county that
receives notice pursuant to this subdivision.
(c) The amendments to, or changes in, the plan shall be adopted and filed in
the manner set forth in Article 3 (commencing with Section 10640).
California Urban Water Management Planning Act Page 5
July 5, 2005
Article 2. Contents of Plans
10630. It is the intention of the Legislature, in enacting this part, to permit levels of
water management planning commensurate with the numbers of customers served and
the volume of water supplied.
10631. A plan shall be adopted in accordance with this chapter and shall do all of the
following:
(a) Describe the service area of the supplier, including current and projected
population, climate, and other demographic factors affecting the supplier's
water management planning. The projected population estimates shall be
based upon data from the state, regional, or local service agency population
projections within the service area of the urban water supplier and shall be
in five-year increments to 20 years or as far as data is available.
(b) Identify and quantify, to the extent practicable, the existing and planned
sources of water available to the supplier over the same five-year
increments described in subdivision (a). If groundwater is identified as an
existing or planned source of water available to the supplier, all of the
following information shall be included in the plan:
(1) A copy of any groundwater management plan adopted by the urban
water supplier, including plans adopted pursuant to Part 2.75
(commencing with Section 10750), or any other specific authorization
for groundwater management.
(2) A description of any groundwater basin or basins from which the
urban water supplier pumps groundwater. For those basins for which
a court or the board has adjudicated the rights to pump groundwater,
a copy of the order or decree adopted by the court or the board and a
description of the amount of groundwater the urban water supplier has
the legal right to pump under the order or decree.
For basins that have not been adjudicated, information as to whether
the department has identified the basin or basins as overdrafted or
has projected that the basin will become overdrafted if present
management conditions continue, in the most current official
departmental bulletin that characterizes the condition of the
groundwater basin, and a detailed description of the efforts being
undertaken by the urban water supplier to eliminate the long-term
overdraft condition.
(3) A detailed description and analysis of the location, amount, and
sufficiency of groundwater pumped by the urban water supplier for the
California Urban Water Management Planning Act Page 6
July 5, 2005
past five years. The description and analysis shall be based on
information that is reasonably available, including, but not limited to,
historic use records.
(4) A detailed description and analysis of the amount and location of
groundwater that is projected to be pumped by the urban water
supplier. The description and analysis shall be based on information
that is reasonably available, including, but not limited to, historic use
records.
(c) Describe the reliability of the water supply and vulnerability to seasonal or
climatic shortage, to the extent practicable, and provide data for each of the
following:
(1) An average water year.
(2) A single dry water year.
(3) Multiple dry water years.
For any water source that may not be available at a consistent level of use,
given specific legal, environmental, water quality, or climatic factors,
describe plans to supplement or replace that source with alternative
sources or water demand management measures, to the extent
practicable.
(d) Describe the opportunities for exchanges or transfers of water on a short-
term or long-term basis.
(e)
(1) Quantify, to the extent records are available, past and current water
use, over the same five-year increments described in subdivision (a),
and projected water use, identifying the uses among water use
sectors including, but not necessarily limited to, all of the following
uses:
(A) Single-family residential.
(B) Multifamily.
(C) Commercial.
(D) Industrial.
(E) Institutional and governmental.
(F) Landscape.
(G) Sales to other agencies.
(H) Saline water intrusion barriers, groundwater recharge, or
conjunctive use, or any combination thereof.
(I) Agricultural.
California Urban Water Management Planning Act Page 7
July 5, 2005
(2) The water use projections shall be in the same five-year increments
described in subdivision (a).
(f) Provide a description of the supplier's water demand management
measures. This description shall include all of the following:
(1) A description of each water demand management measure that is
currently being implemented, or scheduled for implementation,
including the steps necessary to implement any proposed measures,
including, but not limited to, all of the following:
(A) Water survey programs for single-family residential and
multifamily residential customers.
(B) Residential plumbing retrofit.
(C) System water audits, leak detection, and repair.
(D) Metering with commodity rates for all new connections and
retrofit of existing connections.
(E) Large landscape conservation programs and incentives.
(F) High-efficiency washing machine rebate programs.
(G) Public information programs.
(H) School education programs.
(I) Conservation programs for commercial, industrial, and
institutional accounts.
(J) Wholesale agency programs.
(K) Conservation pricing.
(L) Water conservation coordinator.
(M) Water waste prohibition.
(N) Residential ultra-low-flush toilet replacement programs.
(2) A schedule of implementation for all water demand management
measures proposed or described in the plan.
California Urban Water Management Planning Act Page 8
July 5, 2005
(3) A description of the methods, if any, that the supplier will use to
evaluate the effectiveness of water demand management measures
implemented or described under the plan.
(4) An estimate, if available, of existing conservation savings on water use
within the supplier's service area, and the effect of the savings on the
supplier's ability to further reduce demand.
(g) An evaluation of each water demand management measure listed in
paragraph (1) of subdivision (f) that is not currently being implemented or
scheduled for implementation. In the course of the evaluation, first
consideration shall be given to water demand management measures, or
combination of measures, that offer lower incremental costs than expanded
or additional water supplies. This evaluation shall do all of the following:
(1) Take into account economic and noneconomic factors, including
environmental, social, health, customer impact, and technological
factors.
(2) Include a cost-benefit analysis, identifying total benefits and total
costs.
(3) Include a description of funding available to implement any planned
water supply project that would provide water at a higher unit cost.
(4) Include a description of the water supplier's legal authority to
implement the measure and efforts to work with other relevant
agencies to ensure the implementation of the measure and to share
the cost of implementation.
(h) Include a description of all water supply projects and water supply
programs that may be undertaken by the urban water supplier to meet the
total projected water use as established pursuant to subdivision (a) of
Section 10635. The urban water supplier shall include a detailed
description of expected future projects and programs, other than the
demand management programs identified pursuant to paragraph (1) of
subdivision (f), that the urban water supplier may implement to increase the
amount of the water supply available to the urban water supplier in
average, single-dry, and multiple-dry water years. The description shall
identify specific projects and include a description of the increase in water
supply that is expected to be available from each project. The description
shall include an estimate with regard to the implementation timeline for
each project or program.
California Urban Water Management Planning Act Page 9
July 5, 2005
(i) Describe the opportunities for development of desalinated water,
including, but not limited to, ocean water, brackish water, and
groundwater, as a long-term supply.
(j) Urban water suppliers that are members of the California Urban
Water Conservation Council and submit annual reports to that council
in accordance with the ‘‘Memorandum of Understanding Regarding
Urban Water Conservation in California,’’ dated September 1991, may
submit the annual reports identifying water demand management
measures currently being implemented, or scheduled for
implementation, to satisfy the requirements of subdivisions (f) and (g).
(k) Urban water suppliers that rely upon a wholesale agency for a
source of water, shall provide the wholesale agency with water use
projections from that agency for that source of water in five-year
increments to 20 years or as far as data is available. The wholesale
agency shall provide information to the urban water supplier for
inclusion in the urban water supplier’s plan that identifies and quantifies,
to the extent practicable, the existing and planned sources of water as
required by subdivision (b), available from the wholesale agency to the
urban water supplier over the same five-year increments, and during
various water-year types in accordance with subdivision (c). An urban
water supplier may rely upon water supply information provided by the
wholesale agency in fulfilling the plan informational requirements of
subdivisions (b) and (c), including, but not limited to, ocean water, brackish
water, and groundwater, as a long-term supply.
10631.5. The department shall take into consideration whether the urban water supplier
is implementing or scheduled for implementation, the water demand management
activities that the urban water supplier identified in its urban water management plan,
pursuant to Section 10631, in evaluating applications for grants and loans made
available pursuant to Section 79163. The urban water supplier may submit to the
department copies of its annual reports and other relevant documents to assist the
department in determining whether the urban water supplier is implementing or
scheduling the implementation of water demand management activities.
10632. The plan shall provide an urban water shortage contingency analysis which
includes each of the following elements which are within the authority of the urban water
supplier:
(a) Stages of action to be undertaken by the urban water supplier in response
to water supply shortages, including up to a 50 percent reduction in water
supply, and an outline of specific water supply conditions which are
applicable to each stage.
California Urban Water Management Planning Act Page 10
July 5, 2005
(b) An estimate of the minimum water supply available during each of the next
three water years based on the driest three-year historic sequence for the
agency's water supply.
(c) Actions to be undertaken by the urban water supplier to prepare for, and
implement during, a catastrophic interruption of water supplies including,
but not limited to, a regional power outage, an earthquake, or other
disaster.
(d) Additional, mandatory prohibitions against specific water use practices
during water shortages, including, but not limited to, prohibiting the use of
potable water for street cleaning.
(e) Consumption reduction methods in the most restrictive stages. Each urban
water supplier may use any type of consumption reduction methods in its
water shortage contingency analysis that would reduce water use, are
appropriate for its area, and have the ability to achieve a water use
reduction consistent with up to a 50 percent reduction in water supply.
(f) Penalties or charges for excessive use, where applicable.
(g) An analysis of the impacts of each of the actions and conditions described
in subdivisions (a) to (f), inclusive, on the revenues and expenditures of the
urban water supplier, and proposed measures to overcome those impacts,
such as the development of reserves and rate adjustments.
(h) A draft water shortage contingency resolution or ordinance.
(i) A mechanism for determining actual reductions in water use pursuant to the
urban water shortage contingency analysis.
10633. The plan shall provide, to the extent available, information
on recycled water and its potential for use as a water source in the
service area of the urban water supplier. The preparation of the
plan shall be coordinated with local water, wastewater, groundwater,
and planning agencies that operate within the supplier's service
area, and shall include all of the following:
(a) A description of the wastewater collection and treatment
systems in the supplier's service area, including a quantification of
the amount of wastewater collected and treated and the methods of
wastewater disposal.
(b) A description of the quantity of treated wastewater that meets
recycled water standards, is being discharged, and is otherwise
available for use in a recycled water project.
California Urban Water Management Planning Act Page 11
July 5, 2005
(c) A description of the recycled water currently being used in
the supplier's service area, including, but not limited to, the type,
place, and quantity of use.
(d) A description and quantification of the potential uses of
recycled water, including, but not limited to, agricultural
irrigation, landscape irrigation, wildlife habitat enhancement,
wetlands, industrial reuse, groundwater recharge, and other
appropriate uses, and a determination with regard to the technical
and economic feasibility of serving those uses.
(e) The projected use of recycled water within the supplier's
service area at the end of 5, 10, 15, and 20 years, and a description
of the actual use of recycled water in comparison to uses previously
projected pursuant to this subdivision.
(f) A description of actions, including financial incentives,
which may be taken to encourage the use of recycled water, and the
projected results of these actions in terms of acre-feet of recycled
water used per year.
(g) A plan for optimizing the use of recycled water in the
supplier's service area, including actions to facilitate the
installation of dual distribution systems, to promote recirculating
uses, to facilitate the increased use of treated wastewater that
meets recycled water standards, and to overcome any obstacles to
achieving that increased use.
10634. The plan shall include information, to the extent practicable, relating to the
quality of existing sources of water available to the supplier over the same five-year
increments as described in subdivision (a) of Section 10631, and the manner in which
water quality affects water management strategies and supply reliability.
Article 2.5 Water Service Reliability
10635.
(a) Every urban water supplier shall include, as part of its urban water
management plan, an assessment of the reliability of its water service to its
customers during normal, dry, and multiple dry water years. This water
supply and demand assessment shall compare the total water supply
sources available to the water supplier with the total projected water use
over the next 20 years, in five-year increments, for a normal water year, a
single dry water year, and multiple dry water years. The water service
reliability assessment shall be based upon the information compiled
California Urban Water Management Planning Act Page 12
July 5, 2005
pursuant to Section 10631, including available data from state, regional, or
local agency population projections within the service area of the urban
water supplier.
(b) The urban water supplier shall provide that portion of its urban water
management plan prepared pursuant to this article to any city or county
within which it provides water supplies no later than 60 days after the
submission of its urban water management plan.
(c) Nothing in this article is intended to create a right or entitlement to water
service or any specific level of water service.
(d) Nothing in this article is intended to change existing law concerning an
urban water supplier's obligation to provide water service to its existing
customers or to any potential future customers.
Articl 3. Adoption and Implementation of Plans
10640. Every urban water supplier required to prepare a plan pursuant to this part shall
prepare its plan pursuant to Article 2 (commencing with Section 10630).
The supplier shall likewise periodically review the plan as required by Section 10621,
and any amendments or changes required as a result of that review shall be adopted
pursuant to this article.
10641. An urban water supplier required to prepare a plan may consult with, and obtain
comments from, any public agency or state agency or any person who has special
expertise with respect to water demand management methods and techniques.
10642. Each urban water supplier shall encourage the active involvement of diverse
social, cultural, and economic elements of the population within the service area prior to
and during the preparation of the plan. Prior to adopting a plan, the urban water
supplier shall make the plan available for public inspection and shall hold a public
hearing thereon. Prior to the hearing, notice of the time and place of hearing shall be
published within the jurisdiction of the publicly owned water supplier pursuant to Section
6066 of the Government Code. The urban water supplier shall provide notice of the
time and place of hearing to any city or county within which the supplier provides water
supplies. A privately owned water supplier shall provide an equivalent notice within its
service area. After the hearing, the plan shall be adopted as prepared or as modified
after the hearing.
10643. An urban water supplier shall implement its plan adopted pursuant to this
chapter in accordance with the schedule set forth in its plan.
10644.
California Urban Water Management Planning Act Page 13
July 5, 2005
(a) An urban water supplier shall file with the department and any city or county
within which the supplier provides water supplies a copy of its plan no later
than 30 days after adoption. Copies of amendments or changes to the
plans shall be filed with the department and any city or county within which
the supplier provides water supplies within 30 days after adoption.
(b) The department shall prepare and submit to the Legislature, on or before
December 31, in the years ending in six and one, a report summarizing the
status of the plans adopted pursuant to this part. The report prepared by the
department shall identify the outstanding elements of the individual plans.
The department shall provide a copy of the report to each urban water
supplier that has filed its plan with the department. The department shall
also prepare reports and provide data for any legislative hearings designed
to consider the effectiveness of plans submitted pursuant to this part.
10645. Not later than 30 days after filing a copy of its plan with the department, the
urban water supplier and the department shall make the plan available for public review
during normal business hours.
CHAPTER 4. MISCELLANEOUS PROVISIONS
10650. Any actions or proceedings to attack, review, set aside, void, or annul the acts
or decisions of an urban water supplier on the grounds of noncompliance with this part
shall be commenced as follows:
(a) An action or proceeding alleging failure to adopt a plan shall be commenced
within 18 months after that adoption is required by this part.
(b) Any action or proceeding alleging that a plan, or action taken pursuant to
the plan, does not comply with this part shall be commenced within 90 days
after filing of the plan or amendment thereto pursuant to Section 10644 or
the taking of that action.
10651. In any action or proceeding to attack, review, set aside, void, or annul a plan, or
an action taken pursuant to the plan by an urban water supplier on the grounds of
noncompliance with this part, the inquiry shall extend only to whether there was a
prejudicial abuse of discretion. Abuse of discretion is established if the supplier has not
proceeded in a manner required by law or if the action by the water supplier is not
supported by substantial evidence.
10652. The California Environmental Quality Act (Division 13 (commencing with
Section 21000) of the Public Resources Code) does not apply to the preparation and
adoption of plans pursuant to this part or to the implementation of actions taken
pursuant to Section 10632. Nothing in this part shall be interpreted as exempting from
the California Environmental Quality Act any project that would significantly affect water
California Urban Water Management Planning Act Page 14
July 5, 2005
supplies for fish and wildlife, or any project for implementation of the plan, other than
projects implementing Section 10632, or any project for expanded or additional water
supplies.
10653. The adoption of a plan shall satisfy any requirements of state law, regulation, or
order, including those of the State Water Resources Control Board and the Public
Utilities Commission, for the preparation of water management plans or conservation
plans; provided, that if the State Water Resources Control Board or the Public Utilities
Commission requires additional information concerning water conservation to
implement its existing authority, nothing in this part shall be deemed to limit the board or
the commission in obtaining that information. The requirements of this part shall be
satisfied by any urban water demand management plan prepared to meet federal laws
or regulations after the effective date of this part, and which substantially meets the
requirements of this part, or by any existing urban water management plan which
includes the contents of a plan required under this part.
10654. An urban water supplier may recover in its rates the costs incurred in preparing
its plan and implementing the reasonable water conservation measures included in the
plan. Any best water management practice that is included in the plan that is identified
in the "Memorandum of Understanding Regarding Urban Water Conservation in
California" is deemed to be reasonable for the purposes of this section.
10655. If any provision of this part or the application thereof to any person or
circumstances is held invalid, that invalidity shall not affect other provisions or
applications of this part which can be given effect without the invalid provision or
application thereof, and to this end the provisions of this part are severable.
10656. An urban water supplier that does not prepare, adopt, and submit its urban
water management plan to the department in accordance with this part, is ineligible to
receive funding pursuant to Division 24 (commencing with Section 78500) or Division 26
(commencing with Section 79000), or receive drought assistance from the state until the
urban water management plan is submitted pursuant to this article.
10657.
(a) The department shall take into consideration whether the urban water
supplier has submitted an updated urban water management plan that is
consistent with Section 10631, as amended by the act that adds this
section, in determining whether the urban water supplier is eligible for funds
made available pursuant to any program administered by the department.
(b) This section shall remain in effect only until January 1, 2006, and as of that
date is repealed, unless a later enacted statute, that is enacted before
January 1, 2006, deletes or extends that date.
APPENDIX B
Water Conservation Bill of 2009
APPENDIX C
Notification Letters
APPENDIX D
Notice of Public Hearing
APPENDIX E
Resolution of Plan Adoption
APPENDIX F
Excerpts from “Kern River Flow and Municipal Water
Program Final Environmental Impact Report”
City of Bakersfield - Water Resources Department
Kern River Flow and Municipal Water Program
Draft Environmental Impact Report
June 2012
Dry Kern River bed looking downstream (west) from Highway 99, September 30, 2009
Kern River with streamow, looking downstream (west) from Highway 99, May 2, 2011
Kern River Flow and Municipal Water Program
Draft Environmental Impact Report
SCH# 2011021042
City of Bakersfield Water Resources Department 1000 Buena Vista Road Bakersfield, CA 93311
June 2012
City of Bakersfield – Water Resources Department. Kern River Flow and Municipal Water Program—Draft Environmental Impact Report. 2012. June. Bakersfield, CA.
Kern River Flow and Municipal Water Program
Draft Environmental Impact Report i June 2012
CONTENTS
Executive Summary ........................................................................................................... ES-1
Chapter 1. Introduction ..................................................................................................... 1-1
1.1 Program Introduction ................................................................................................... 1-1
1.2 Overview of CEQA Requirements ................................................................................. 1-2
1.3 Scope and Intent of this Document .............................................................................. 1-3
1.3.1 Type of EIR: Program EIR ....................................................................................... 1-3
1.4 Public Involvement Process .......................................................................................... 1-4
1.4.1 Scoping Comment Period ...................................................................................... 1-4
1.4.2 DEIR Comment Period............................................................................................ 1-4
1.4.3 Preparation of FEIR and Public Hearing ................................................................. 1-5
1.5 Organization of this EIR ................................................................................................ 1-6
1.6 Impact Terminology...................................................................................................... 1-7
Chapter 2. Program Description ......................................................................................... 2-1
2.1 Chapter Organization ................................................................................................... 2-1
2.2 Background and Program Purpose ............................................................................... 2-1
2.3 Program Area ............................................................................................................... 2-4
2.3.1 Kern River Corridor Focus Area .............................................................................. 2-4
2.3.2 City of Bakersfield Area .......................................................................................... 2-9
2.4 Program Objectives .................................................................................................... 2-14
2.5 Kern River and Historic Flows ..................................................................................... 2-17
2.6 City’s Water Supply .................................................................................................... 2-21
2.7 Proposed Program Actions ......................................................................................... 2-28
2.7.1 Municipal Water Use ........................................................................................... 2-31
2.7.2 Program Implementation .................................................................................... 2-32
2.8 Program Monitoring, Maintenance, and Adaptive Management .............................. 2-35
2.8.1 Kern River Channel Maintenance Program.......................................................... 2-36
2.9 Intended Uses of this EIR ............................................................................................ 2-37
Chapter 3. Environmental Setting and Impact Analysis .................................................... 3.0-1
3.0.1 Introduction to the Analysis ................................................................................ 3.0-1
3.0.2 Significance of Environmental Impacts ............................................................... 3.0-1
3.0.3 Sections Dismissed from Further Analysis .......................................................... 3.0-1
3.1 Aesthetics .................................................................................................................. 3.1-1
3.2 Air Quality .................................................................................................................. 3.2-1
3.3 Global Climate Change .............................................................................................. 3.3-1
3.4 Biological Resources .................................................................................................. 3.4-1
3.5 Hazards and Hazardous Materials ............................................................................. 3.5-1
3.6 Surface Water Hydrology and Water Quality ............................................................ 3.6-1
3.7 Water Supply and Groundwater Resources .............................................................. 3.7-1
3.8 Land Use and Planning .............................................................................................. 3.8-1
3.9 Noise .......................................................................................................................... 3.9-1
3.10 Population and Housing .......................................................................................... 3.10-1
3.11 Public Services, Utilities, and Energy Use ................................................................ 3.11-1
City of Bakersfield Contents
Kern River Flow and Municipal Water Program
Draft Environmental Impact Report ii June 2012
3.12 Recreation ............................................................................................................... 3.12-1
3.13 Transportation and Traffic ....................................................................................... 3.13-1
Chapter 4. Other Statutory Considerations .......................................................................... 4-1
4.1 Introduction .................................................................................................................. 4-1
4.2 Irreversible Impacts ...................................................................................................... 4-1
4.3. Significant and Unavoidable Impacts ........................................................................... 4-2
4.4 Growth Inducement ..................................................................................................... 4-2
4.5 Cumulative Impacts ...................................................................................................... 4-2
4.5.1 CEQA Analysis Requirements ................................................................................. 4-2
4.5.2 Methods Used in this Analysis ............................................................................... 4-3
4.5.3 Cumulative Impact Analysis ................................................................................. 4-11
Chapter 5. Alternatives ....................................................................................................... 5-1
5.1 Introduction .................................................................................................................. 5-1
5.1.1 Regulatory Requirements ...................................................................................... 5-1
5.2 Alternatives Development Process .............................................................................. 5-2
5.2.1 Project Goals and Objectives ................................................................................. 5-2
5.2.2 Significant and Unavoidable Environmental Impacts of the Proposed Program .. 5-2
5.3 Alternatives Considered ............................................................................................... 5-3
5.3.1 No Program Alternative ......................................................................................... 5-3
5.3.2 Reduced Intensity Alternative No. 1 ...................................................................... 5-4
5.3.3 Reduced Intensity Alternative No. 2 ...................................................................... 5-7
5.4 Alternatives Considered and Dismissed ....................................................................... 5-7
5.4.1 Increased Municipal Conservation/Efficiency Alternative ..................................... 5-8
5.4.2 Supply Alternative (Other Contracted Supplies, SWP or CVP Water).................... 5-8
Chapter 6. EIR Contacts ...................................................................................................... 6-1
Chapter 7. References ............................................................................................... 7-1
City of Bakersfield Contents
Kern River Flow and Municipal Water Program
Draft Environmental Impact Report iii June 2012
List of Appendices
Appendix A. Notice of Preparation
Appendix B. Comments Received on the Notice of Preparation
Appendix C. Biological Resources Background Information
Appendix D. Technical Report on the Effects of Kern River Flow and Municipal
Water Program on Surface Water Flow and Recharge to
Groundwater
List of Tables
Table ES-1. Comparison of Alternatives to Proposed Program ................................................. ES-13
Table ES-2. Summary of Potential Impacts and Mitigation Measures ...................................... ES-15
Table 2-1. Historic Kern River Flow Conditions at First Point and Calloway Weir ..................... 2-23
Table 2-2. City of Bakersfield Current Minimum Obligations and Kern River Yields ................. 2-25
Table 2-3. Proposed Program Water Supplies ........................................................................... 2-33
Table 3.2-1. State and Federal Ambient Air Quality Standards ................................................... 3.2-2
Table 3.2-2. San Joaquin Valley Attainment Status of State and Federal Ambient Air Quality
Standards ................................................................................................................. 3.2-6
Table 3.2-3. Relevant Criteria Air Pollutant Emissions Factors .................................................... 3.2-8
Table 3.2-4. Valley Air District Significance Thresholds ............................................................... 3.2-9
Table 3.4-1. Habitats Categories and the Corresponding Natural Plant Communities and
the Associated Dominate Species in the Program Area ........................................ 3.4-15
Table 3.5-1. Open Cleanup Sites within One Mile of the Kern River in the City of Bakersfield... 3.5-9
Table 3.6-1. Historic Kern River Flow Conditions at First Point and Calloway Weir .................. 3.6-19
Table 3.6-2. Kern River Reaches ................................................................................................ 3.6-35
Table 3.6-3. Change in Average Velocity of Maximum Wet Month Flow from Proposed
Program over Historic Conditions .......................................................................... 3.6-63
Table 3.7-1. City of Bakersfield Current Minimum Obligations and Kern River Yields .............. 3.7-15
Table 3.7-2. Estimated Demands for City of Bakersfield Water System, 2010-2030 ................ 3.7-17
Table 3.7-3. Cal Water Bakersfield District Current and Planned Water Source Supplies,
2010–2040 ............................................................................................................. 3.7-18
Table 3.7-4. KCWA ID4 Water Maximum Supply Projections, 2010-2035 ................................ 3.7-19
Table 3.7-5. Allocation of KCWA ID4 Recharge 2010–2035 ...................................................... 3.7-19
Table 3.7-6. Approximate Groundwater Replenishment in City of Bakersfield Metropolitan
Area ........................................................................................................................ 3.7-24
Table 3.7-7. Water Balance Model Annual Infiltration Results ................................................. 3.7-38
Table 3.9-1. Examples of Common Noise Levels ......................................................................... 3.9-4
Table 3.10-1. Population in the Program Area between 1980 and 2010 .................................... 3.10-4
Table 3.10-2. Employment in the Program Area between 1980 and 2010 ................................. 3.10-4
Table 3.10-3. Housing Units and Vacancies in the Program Area between 1990 and 2010 ....... 3.10-4
Table 3.10-4. Estimated City of Bakersfield Projected Population from 2010 to 2040 ............... 3.10-7
Table 3.10-5. Estimated Net Population Growth within the City of Bakersfield’s Water
Service
Area and SOI .......................................................................................................... 3.10-7
Table 3.11–1. Electricity Consumption in Kern County 2006–2010 ............................................. 3.11-8
Table 3.11–2. Natural Gas Consumption in Kern County 2006–2010 .......................................... 3.11-9
Table 3.12-1. Parks and Recreation Facilities within the Kern River Corridor Focus Area .......... 3.12-4
City of Bakersfield Contents
Kern River Flow and Municipal Water Program
Draft Environmental Impact Report iv June 2012
Table 3.13-1. Bus Routes in Vicinity of Program Area ................................................................. 3.13-5
Table 3.13-2. Kern Regional Transit Bus Routes to Bakersfield ................................................... 3.13-5
Table 3.13-3. Existing Bike Routes in the City of Bakersfield ....................................................... 3.13-6
Table 3.13-4. Proposed Bike Routes in the City of Bakersfield .................................................... 3.13-7
Table 3.13-5. Parking along the Program Area ............................................................................ 3.13-9
Table 4-1. Projected Kern County Population Growth, 2010–2050 ............................................ 4-4
Table 4-2. Planning Documents Considered for the Cumulative Analysis ................................... 4-5
Table 5-1. Comparison of Alternatives to Proposed Program ..................................................... 5-5
List of Figures
Figure ES-1. Program Area ............................................................................................................ ES-7
Figure 2-1. Program Area .............................................................................................................. 2-5
Figure 2-2. Kern River Corridor Focus Area ................................................................................... 2-7
Figure 2-3. River Reaches in the Kern River Corridor Focus Area ............................................... 2-11
Figure 2-4. Municipal Water Service Areas ................................................................................. 2-15
Figure 2-5. Range of Monthly Flow Volumes–Kern River at First Point of Measurement
(1894-2010)............................................................................................................... 2-19
Figure 2-6. Proposed Program Process ....................................................................................... 2-29
Figure 3.1-1. Kern River Corridor Photos – Reaches 1 and 2 ...................................................... 3.1-11
Figure 3.1-2. Kern River Corridor Photos – Reach 3.................................................................... 3.1-13
Figure 3.1-3. Kern River Corridor Photos – Reaches 4 and 5 ...................................................... 3.1-15
Figure 3.1-4. Kern River Corridor Photos – Reaches 6 and 7 ...................................................... 3.1-17
Figure 3.6-1. Kern River Watershed ............................................................................................ 3.6-11
Figure 3.6-2. Range of Monthly Flow Volumes, Kern River at First Point of Measurement
(1894–2010) ........................................................................................................... 3.6-13
Figure 3.6-3. Historical Monthly Flow Volumes, Kern River at First Point of Measurement
(1894–2010) ........................................................................................................... 3.6-15
Figure 3.6-4. Distribution of Total Annual Flow Volumes, Kern River at First Point of
Measurement (1894–2010) ................................................................................... 3.6-17
Figure 3.6-5. Distribution of Total Annual Flow Volumes Kern River at Calloway Weir
(1970-2010)............................................................................................................ 3.6-23
Figure 3.6-6. Distribution of Monthly Flow Volumes Kern River at Calloway Weir
(1970-2010)............................................................................................................ 3.6-25
Figure 3.6-7. Distribution of Annual Flow Volumes Kern River at Calloway Weir
(1985-2010)............................................................................................................ 3.6-27
Figure 3.6-8. Distribution of Monthly Flow Volumes Kern River at Calloway Weir
(1985-2010)............................................................................................................ 3.6-29
Figure 3.6-9. Monthly Flow Duration Curve Kern River at First Point of Measurement (1893-
2010) ...................................................................................................................... 3.6-31
Figure 3.6-10. Monthly Flow Duration Curves Kern River at Calloway Weir (1970-1984, 1985-
2010 and 1970-2010) ............................................................................................. 3.6-33
Figure 3.6-11. Kern River Reaches ................................................................................................ 3.6-37
Figure 3.6-12. Isabella Dam Break Peak Inundation Depths ......................................................... 3.6-39
Figure 3.6-13. Kern River FEMA 100-Year Floodplain ................................................................... 3.6-43
Figure 3.6-14. Estimated Kern River Total Annual Flows at Calloway Weir for Post-Program
Scenarios Under Dry, Median, and Wet Year Conditions ...................................... 3.6-49
City of Bakersfield 2. Program Description
Kern River Flow and Municipal Water Program
Draft Environmental Impact Report
2-25
June 2012
Table 2-2. City of Bakersfield Current Minimum Obligations and Kern River Yields
Quantity (TAF) Total
Annual
(TAF)
Jan Feb Mar Apr May June July Aug Sept Oct Nov Dec
City Water Obligations Water Treatment Plants 0.5 1.7 1.5 1.3 1.6 2 2.1 2.1 2 1.6 1.4 1 19 Kern River Canal & Irrigating Company (KRC&I) 0.05 0.15 0.45 0.8 1.05 1.10 1.10 1.10 0.73 0.30 0.15 0.03 7 Olcese Water District 0.02 0.05 0.08 0.10 0.12 0.13 0.13 0.13 0.13 0.08 0.03 0.02 1 City Water Feature Amenities (c) 0.42 0.42 0.42 0.42 0.42 0.42 0.42 0.42 0.42 0.42 0.42 0.42 5 Miller-Haggin Obligations + Isabella Evaporation Losses, and Preexisting Delivery Obligations (b) 0 0 3.3 3.3 3.3 3.3 3.3 3.3 0 0 0 0 20 Long-Term Sale to Rosedale-Rio Bravo Water Storage District 3.4 3.3 3.3 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 10
Current Minimum Obligations 4.4 5.6 9.1 5.9 6.5 7.0 7.1 7.1 3.3 2.4 2.0 1.5 62
Kern River Water Yield (1954–2010)
City Historic Rights(a) Median Year 1.1 1.1 16.1 18.4 22.5 20.1 9.9 0.7 0 0 0.1 0.4 90 Average Year (mean) 1.5 1.7 17.1 19.7 28.3 25.2 14.2 5.9 0.4 0.3 0.4 1.1 116 Dry Year (25th percentile) 0.3 0.8 8.0 13.6 16.3 11.3 1.8 0 0 0 0 0 52 Wet Year (75th percentile) 1.4 1.3 24 24.8 36.4 31.9 19.9 11.4 0.9 0.7 0.8 1.1 155
Kern River Canal & Irrigating Company (KRC&I) Laterals Median Year 0 0 0 0.8 3.5 2.5 0 0 0 0 0 0 7 Average Year (mean) 1.2 1.3 0.5 2 4.7 3.7 1.1 0.3 0.2 0 0.2 1 16 Dry Year (25th percentile) 0 0 0 0.1 1.3 0.4 0 0 0 0 0 0 2 Wet Year (75th percentile) 0.7 0.5 0.8 3.4 7.2 5.8 1.6 0 0 0 0 0 20
Old South Fork Right Median Year 0.5 0.5 0 0.2 0.3 0.2 0.1 0 0 0 0.1 0.2 2 Average Year (mean) 0.4 0.4 0.1 0.2 0.3 0.3 0.2 0.1 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.3 3 Dry Year (25th percentile) 0.1 0.4 0 0.1 0.2 0.1 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 Wet Year (75th percentile) 0.6 0.6 0.1 0.3 0.3 0.3 0.2 0.1 0.5 0.3 0.4 0.6 4
Total Historic City Water Yield: Sum of City Base, KRC&I Laterals, and Old South Fork Deliveries Median Year 1.6 1.6 16.2 19.4 26.4 22.8 10 0.7 0.1 0 0.2 0.5 99 Average Year (mean) 3 3.5 17.7 21.9 33.3 29.2 15.5 6.4 0.8 0.5 0.8 2.4 135 Dry Year (25th percentile) 0.4 1.2 8 13.8 17.8 11.8 1.8 0 0 0 0 0.1 55 Wet Year (75th percentile) 2.7 2.3 24.9 28.5 44 38 21.7 11.6 1.4 1 1.2 1.7 179
City of Bakersfield 2. Program Description
Table 2-2. (continued) City of Bakersfield Current Minimum Obligations and Kern River Yields
Kern River Flow and Municipal Water Program
Draft Environmental Impact Report
2-26
June 2012
Quantity (TAF) Total
Annual
(TAF)
Jan Feb Mar Apr May June July Aug Sept Oct Nov Dec Notes: TAF = thousand acre-feet (a) Water deliveries do not include water released by other rights holders or the City of Bakersfield. (b) Miller-Haggin Obligations include river channel and canal recharge to make deliveries to first point canals below the Kern Island right and to deliver second point water and lower River water to second point undiminished during the March-August period. Preexisting delivery obligations are from agreements assumed by the City upon the City’s purchase of Kern River water rights. These include agreements with Kern County for Isabella Recreation Pool, Lake Ming, and Hart Park. Other year to year miscellaneous water sales are not included in the City Existing Water Obligations. (c) City Water Feature Amenities = Truxtun Lakes, The Park at RiverWalk, Aera Park Pond, Wilson Ponds, etc. Note: This table is reproduced in Chapter 3, Section 3.7 “Water Supply and Groundwater Resources” as Table 3.7-1
City of Bakersfield - Water Resources Department
Kern River Flow and Municipal Water Program
Final Environmental Impact Report
September 2012
Kern River looking downstream (west) from Highway 99 in 2009
Kern River looking downstream (west) from Highway 99 in 2011
Kern River Flow and Municipal Water Program
Final Environmental Impact Report
i September 2012
CONTENTS
Chapter 1. Introduction
1.1 FEIR Context .............................................................................................................. 1‐1
1.2 Comments on the DEIR ............................................................................................. 1‐1
1.3 Organization and Contents of the FEIR ..................................................................... 1‐2
Chapter 2. Summary of Public Participation
2.1 Notice of Preparation and Public Scoping ................................................................. 2‐1
2.2 Notice of Availability of the DEIR and Public Review ................................................ 2‐1
2.2.1 Public Hearing on the DEIR ....................................................................................... 2‐2
2.2.2 Comments on the DEIR ............................................................................................. 2‐2
2.3 Certification of the FEIR and Public Hearing ............................................................. 2‐3
Chapter 3. Responses to Comments
3.1 Introduction ............................................................................................................... 3‐1
3.2 List of Comments Received ....................................................................................... 3‐1
3.3 Comments Submittals ............................................................................................... 3‐5
3.4 Master Comment Responses ................................................................................ 3‐233
3.5 Responses to Comments ....................................................................................... 3‐267
3.6 Public Hearing Summary ....................................................................................... 3‐385
Chapter 4. Changes and Corrections to the DEIR .................................................................. 4‐1
Chapter 5. Report Preparation ............................................................................................. 5‐1
Chapter 6. References .......................................................................................................... 6‐1
List of Tables
Table 3‐1. List of DEIR Comment Submittals Received During the Public Review
Period ........................................................................................................................ 3‐2
Table 3‐2. List of Commenters at the Public Meeting ............................................................ 3‐385
APPENDIX G
State Water Project Study
June 2012
State of California
Natural Resources Agency
Department of Water Resources
The State Water Project
State of California
Edmund G. Brown Jr., Governor
California Natural Resources Agency
John Laird, Secretary for Natural Resources
Department of Water Resources
Mark W. Cowin, Director
Susan Sims
Chief Deputy Director
Kasey Schimke
Asst. Director, Legislative Affairs
Sandy Cooney
Asst. Director, Public Affairs
Cathy Crothers
Chief Counsel
Gary Bardini
Deputy Director
Dale Hoffman-Floerke
Deputy Director
John Pacheco
Deputy Director
Carl Torgerson
Deputy Director, Acting
Assistant Deputy Directors, Integrated Water Management
Rodney Mayer
FloodSAFE
John Andrew
Climate Change
Bay-Delta Office
Katherine Kelly, Chief
Modeling Support Branch
Francis Chung, Principal Engineer
Individuals contributing to the development of the report
John Leahigh, Principal Engineer, Division of Operations and Maintenance
Sushil Arora, Supervising Engineer, Bay-Delta Office
Dustin Jones, Senior Engineer, Bay-Delta Office
Aaron Miller, Senior Engineer, Division of Operations and Maintenance
Erik Reyes, Senior Engineer, Bay-Delta Office
Sina Darabzand, Senior Engineer, Bay-Delta Office
Alan Olson, Engineer, Bay-Delta Office
Christopher Quan, Engineer, Bay-Delta Office
Daniel Teixeira, Staff Services Analyst, Administrative and Executive Services Office
Prepared by AECOM
Director’s Message
The State Water Project Delivery Reliability Report 2011 (2011 Report) is the latest update to a biannual report
that describes the existing and future conditions for State Water Project (SWP) water supply that are
expected if no significant improvements are made to convey water past the Sacramento–San Joaquin
Delta (Delta) or to store the more variable runoff that is expected with climate change.
This report is presented in a different format than previous versions. The four previous reports were
written for a dual audience—both the general public and those interested in a greater level of technical
detail, such as the SWP contractors. By contrast, this report is written primarily with the public in mind.
As a result, it not only provides updated information about the SWP’s water delivery reliability, but is
also designed to educate Californians about the SWP and its operations. This report presents a concise
description of the historical events leading to the construction of the SWP and describes the SWP’s
facilities and operations. It then defines and explains the concept of water delivery reliability and the
types of SWP water available to contractors, and describes various factors that affect the reliability of
water deliveries. Because of the public interest in water project pumping from the Delta and the
dependence of SWP water supply on Delta pumping, a new chapter has been added that focuses
specifically on SWP pumping (exports) at the Harvey O. Banks Pumping Plant in the Delta.
The 2011 Report shows that the SWP continues to be subject to reductions in deliveries similar to those
contained in the State Water Project Delivery Reliability Report 2009 (2009 Report), caused by the operational
restrictions of biological opinions (BOs) issued in December 2008 and June 2009 by the U.S. Fish and
Wildlife Service (USFWS) and National Marine Fisheries Service (NMFS) to govern SWP and Central
Valley Project operations. Federal court decisions have remanded the BOs to USFWS and NMFS for
further review and analysis. We expect that the current BOs will be replaced sometime in the future. The
operational rules defined in the 2008 and 2009 BOs, however, continue to be legally required and are the
rules used for the analyses supporting the 2011 Report.
The following “Summary” includes key findings of the analyses in the 2011 Report. A technical addendum
is also available which provides detail on the assumptions of the analyses and the results for the 2011
Report. The results of the studies, as presented in this report and the technical addendum, are designed
to assist water planners and managers in updating their water management and infrastructure
development plans. These results emphasize the need for local agencies to develop a resilient and robust
water supply, and a distribution and management system to maximize the efficient use of our variable
supply. They also illustrate the urgent need to improve the method of conveying water past the Delta in a
more sustainable manner that meets the dual goals of increasing water delivery reliability and improving
conditions for endangered and threatened fish species.
Mark Cowin
Director
California Department of Water Resources
June 2012
S-1
Summary
This report is intended to inform the public
about key factors important to the
operation of the SWP and the reliability of
its water deliveries.
California faces a future of increased
population growth coupled with the
potential for water shortages and pressures
on the Delta. For many SWP water
contractors, water provided by the SWP is
a major component of all the water supplies
available to them. SWP contractors include
cities, counties, urban water agencies, and
agricultural irrigation districts. These local
utilities and other public and private
entities provide the water that Californians
use at home and work every day and that
helps to nourish the state’s bountiful crops.
Thus, the availability of water to the SWP
becomes a planning issue that ultimately
affects the amount of water that local
residents and communities can use.
The availability of these water supplies may
be highly variable. A wet water year may be
followed by a dry or even critical year.
Knowing the probability that they will
receive a certain amount of SWP water in a
given year—whether it be a wet water year,
a critical year, or somewhere in between—
gives contractors a better sense of the
degree to which they may need to
implement increased conservation
measures or plan for new facilities.
The Delta is the key to the SWP’s ability
to deliver water to its agricultural and
urban contractors. All but three of the 29
SWP contractors receive water deliveries
from the Delta (pumped by either the
Harvey O. Banks or Barker Slough
Pumping Plant).
Yet the Delta faces numerous challenges to
its long-term sustainability. Among these
are continued subsidence of Delta islands,
many of which are already below sea level,
and the related threat of a catastrophic
levee failure as water pressure increases on
fragile levees. Climate change poses the
threat of increased variability in floods and
droughts, and sea level rise complicates
efforts to manage salinity levels and
preserve water quality in the Delta so that
the water remains suitable for urban and
agricultural uses.
Protection of endangered and threatened
fish species, such as the delta smelt, is also
an important factor of concern for the
The State Water Project Final Delivery Reliability Report 2011
S-2
Delta. Ongoing regulatory restrictions, such as
those imposed by federal biological opinions on
the effects of SWP and CVP operations on these
species, also contribute to the challenge of
determining the SWP’s water delivery reliability.
The analyses in this report factor in all of the
regulations governing SWP operations in the
Delta and upstream, and assumptions about
water uses in the upstream watersheds.
Modeling was conducted that considered the
amounts of water that SWP contractors use and
the amounts of water they choose to hold for use
in a subsequent year.
Many of the same specific challenges to SWP
operations described in the State Water Project
Delivery Reliability Report 2009 (2009 Report) remain
in 2011. Most notably, the effects on SWP pumping
caused by issuance of the 2008 and 2009 federal
biological opinions, which were reflected in the
2009 Report, continue to affect SWP delivery
reliability today. The analyses in this report factor
in climate change and the effects of sea level rise on
water quality, but do not incorporate the
probability of catastrophic levee failure. The
resulting differences between the 2009 and 2011
Reports can be attributed primarily to updates in
the modeling assumptions and inputs.
As noted in the discussion of SWP exports in
Chapter 5 of this report, Delta exports (that is,
SWP water of various types pumped by and
transferred to contractors from the Banks
Pumping Plant) have decreased since 2005,
although the bulk of the change occurred by 2009
as the federal BOs went into effect, restricting
operations. These effects are also reflected in the
SWP delivery estimates provided in Chapters 6
and 7 of this report. Chapters 6 and 7 characterize
the SWP’s water delivery reliability under
existing conditions and future conditions,
respectively. The following are a few of the key
points from Chapters 5, 6, and 7:
Estimates of average annual SWP exports
under conditions that exist for 2011 are 2,607
thousand acre-feet (taf), 350 taf or 12% less
than the estimate under 2005 conditions.
The estimated average annual SWP exports
decrease from 2,607 taf/year to 2,521 taf/year
(86 taf/year or about 3%) between the
existing- and future-conditions scenarios.
The estimates in this report for Table A water
supply deliveries are not significantly
different from those in the 2009 Report. The
average annual delivery estimated for existing
conditions (2,524 taf/year) is 2% greater, and
the estimated amount for future conditions
(2,466 taf/year) is 1% less than the
corresponding estimates in the 2009 Report.
The likelihood of SWP Article 21 deliveries
(supplemental deliveries to Table A water)
being equal to or less than 20 taf/year has
increased relative to that estimated in the
2009 Report. However, both this report and
the 2009 Report show a high likelihood that
Article 21 water deliveries will be equal to or
less than 20 taf/year, ranging between 71%
and 78% for both existing and future
conditions.
i
Table of Contents
Page
Summary S-1
Tables ii
Figures iv
Chapter 1. Water Delivery Reliability: A Concern for Californians 1
Chapter 2. A Closer Look at the State Water Project 5
Chapter 3. SWP Contractors and Water Contracts 15
Chapter 4. Factors that Affect Water Delivery Reliability 23
Chapter 5. SWP Delta Exports 37
Chapter 6. Existing SWP Water Delivery Reliability (2011) 45
Chapter 7. Future SWP Water Delivery Reliability (2031) 53
Glossary 59
References 63
Appendix A. Historical SWP Delivery Tables for 2001–2010 A-1
Appendix B. Comments on the Draft Report and the Department’s Responses B-1
The State Water Project Final Delivery Reliability Report 2011
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Tables
Page
3-1. Maximum Annual SWP Table A Water Delivery Amounts for SWP Contractors 19
5-1. Estimated Average, Maximum, and Minimum Annual SWP Exports (Existing and Future
Conditions)41
5-2. Average Estimated SWP Exports by Month (Existing and Future Conditions) 41
5-3. Estimated SWP Exports by Water Year Type—Existing Conditions 42
5-4. Estimated SWP Exports by Water Year Type—Future Conditions 43
6-1. Comparison of Estimated Average, Maximum, and Minimum Demands for SWP Table A
Water (Existing Conditions) 46
6-2. Comparison of Estimated Average, Maximum, and Minimum Deliveries of SWP Table A
Water (Existing Conditions, in Thousand Acre-Feet per Year) 49
6-3. Estimated Average and Dry-Period Deliveries of SWP Table A Water (Existing Conditions),
in Thousand Acre-Feet (Percent of Maximum SWP Table A Amount, 4,133 taf/year) 50
6-4. Estimated Average and Wet-Period Deliveries of SWP Table A Water (Existing Conditions),
in Thousand Acre-Feet (Percent of Maximum SWP Table A Amount, 4,133 taf/year) 50
6-5. Estimated Average and Dry-Period Deliveries of SWP Article 21 Water (Existing Conditions,
in Thousand Acre-Feet per Year) 52
6-6. Estimated Average and Wet-Period Deliveries of SWP Article 21 Water (Existing
Conditions, in Thousand Acre-Feet per Year) 52
7-1. Comparison of Estimated Average, Maximum, and Minimum Deliveries of SWP Table A
Water (Future Conditions, in Thousand Acre-Feet per Year) 54
7-2. Estimated Average and Dry-Period Deliveries of SWP Table A Water (Future Conditions),
in Thousand Acre-Feet (Percent of Maximum SWP Table A Amount, 4,133 taf/year) 55
7-3. Estimated Average and Wet-Period Deliveries of SWP Table A Water (Future Conditions),
in Thousand Acre-Feet (Percent of Maximum SWP Table A Amount, 4,133 taf/year) 56
7-4. Estimated Average and Dry-Period Deliveries of SWP Article 21 Water (Future Conditions,
in Thousand Acre-Feet per Year) 56
7-5. Estimated Average and Wet-Period Deliveries of SWP Article 21 Water (Future Conditions,
in Thousand Acre-Feet per Year) 56
A-1. Historical State Water Project Deliveries, 2001 (Sacramento River Index = 4, Water Year
Type = Dry) A-2
A-2. Historical State Water Project Deliveries, 2002 (Sacramento River Index = 4, Water Year
Type = Dry) A-3
Table of Contents
iii
Page
A-3. Historical State Water Project Deliveries, 2003 (Sacramento River Index = 2, Water Year
Type = Above Normal) A-4
A-4. Historical State Water Project Deliveries, 2004 (Sacramento River Index = 3, Water Year
Type = Below Normal) A-5
A-5. Historical State Water Project Deliveries, 2005 (Sacramento River Index = 2, Water Year
Type = Above Normal) A-6
A-6. Historical State Water Project Deliveries, 2006 (Sacramento River Index = 1, Water Year
Type = Wet) A-7
A-7. Historical State Water Project Deliveries, 2007 (Sacramento River Index = 4, Water Year
Type = Dry) A-8
A-8. Historical State Water Project Deliveries, 2008 (Sacramento River Index = 5, Water Year
Type = Critical) A-9
A-9. Historical State Water Project Deliveries, 2009 (Sacramento River Index = 4, Water Year
Type = Dry) A-10
A-10. Historical State Water Project Deliveries, 2010 (Sacramento River Index = 3, Water Year
Type = Below Normal) A-11
The State Water Project Final Delivery Reliability Report 2011
iv
Figures
Page
2-1. Primary State Water Project Facilities 7
2-2. Water Year 2000 (Above-Normal) Delta Water Balance (Percent of Total) 11
3-1. State Water Project Contractors 16
3-2. Historical Deliveries of SWP Table A Water from the Delta, 2001–2010 22
3-3. Total Historical SWP Deliveries from the Delta, 2001–2010 (by Delivery Type) 22
4-1. Delta Salinity Monitoring Locations of Importance to the SWP 29
4-2. Areas of the Delta that Have Subsided to Below Sea Level 31
5-1. Trends in Estimated Average Annual Delta Exports and SWP Table A Water Deliveries
(Existing Conditions) 39
5-2. Estimated Monthly SWP Delta Exports (Existing Conditions), 2011 Scenario versus 2005
Scenario 40
5-3. Monthly Range of Estimated SWP Exports (Existing Conditions) 42
5-4. Estimated Likelihood of SWP Exports, by Increments of 500 Acre-Feet (under Existing and
Future Conditions) 43
6-1. Comparison of Estimated Demands for SWP Table A Water on an Annual Basis, Using 82
Years of Hydrology (Existing Conditions) 47
6-2. Estimated Demands for SWP Article 21 Water in Years When Kern River Flow is Less than
1,500 Thousand Acre-Feet (Existing Conditions) 48
6-3. Estimated Demands for SWP Article 21 Water in Years When Kern River Flow is Greater
than 1,500 Thousand Acre-Feet (Existing Conditions) 48
6-4. Estimated Likelihood of SWP Table A Water Deliveries (Existing Conditions) 50
6-5. Estimated Range of Monthly Deliveries of SWP Article 21 Water (2011 Report—Existing
Conditions)51
6-6. Estimated Probability of Annual Deliveries of SWP Article 21 Water (Existing Conditions) 52
7-1. Estimated Likelihood of SWP Table A Water Deliveries, by Increments of 500 Thousand
Acre-Feet (Future Conditions) 55
7-2. Estimated Range of Monthly Deliveries of SWP Article 21 Water (2011 Report—Future
Conditions)57
7-3. Estimated Probability of Annual Deliveries of SWP Article 21 Water (Future Conditions) 57
APPENDIX H
Excerpts from “Department of Water Resources’
California Groundwater Bulletin 118 on the San
Joaquin Valley Groundwater Basin”
BULLETIN 118 - UPDATE 2003
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CALIFORNIA’S
GROUNDWATER
Cover photograph:
A typical agricultural well with the water discharge pipe and
the electric motor that drives the pump.
Inset photograph:
Groundwater recharge ponds in the Upper Coachella Valley
near the Whitewater River that use local and imported water.
Recharge ponds are also called spreading basins or
recharge basins.
CALIFORNIA’S GROUNDWATER UPDATE 2003 i
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CALIFORNIA’S
GROUNDWATER
BULLETIN 118 Update 2003
D E P A R T M E N T OF WATERR
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State of California
The Resources Agency
Department of Water Resources
GRAY DAVIS
Governor
State of California
MARY D. NICHOLS
Secretary of Resources
The Resources Agency
MICHAEL J. SPEAR
Interim Director
Department of Water Resources
October 2003
ii DWR -BULLETIN 118
Foreword
If you need this publication in an alternate form, contact the Department’s Office of Water Education at
1-800-272-8869.
CALIFORNIA’S GROUNDWATER UPDATE 2003 iii
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Foreword
Groundwater is one of California’s greatest natural resources. In an average year, groundwater meets about 30 percent
of California’s urban and agricultural water demands. In drought years, this percentage increases to more than 40
percent. In 1995, an estimated 13 million Californians, nearly 43 percent of the State’s population, were served by
groundwater. The demand on groundwater will increase significantly as California’s population grows to a projected
46 million by the year 2020. In many basins, our ability to optimally use groundwater is affected by overdraft and
water quality impacts, or limited by a lack of data, management, and coordination between agencies.
Over the last few years, California voters and the Legislature have provided significant funding to local agencies for
conjunctive use projects, groundwater recharge facilities, groundwater monitoring, and groundwater basin management
activities under Proposition 13 and the Local Groundwater Management Assistance Act of 2000. Most recently, the
2002 passage of Proposition 50 will result in additional resources to continue recent progress toward sustaining our
groundwater resources through local agency efforts. We are beginning to see significant benefits from these
investments.
The State Legislature recognizes the need for groundwater data in making sound local management decisions. In 1999,
the Legislature approved funding and directed the Department of Water Resources (DWR) to update the inventory of
groundwater basins contained in Bulletin 118 (1975), California’s Ground Water and Bulletin 118-80 (1980), Ground
Water Basins in California. In 2001, the Legislature passed AB 599, requiring the State Water Resources Control
Board to establish a comprehensive monitoring program to assess groundwater quality in each groundwater basin in the
State and to increase coordination among agencies that collect groundwater contamination information. In 2002, the
Legislature passed SB 1938, which contains new requirements for local agency groundwater management plans to be
eligible for public funds for groundwater projects.
Effective management of groundwater basins is essential because groundwater will play a key role in meeting
California’s water needs. DWR is committed to assisting local agencies statewide in developing and implementing
effective, locally planned and controlled groundwater management programs. DWR is also committed to federal and
State interagency efforts and to partnerships with local agencies to coordinate and expand data monitoring activities
that will provide necessary information for more effective groundwater management. Coordinated data collection at all
levels of government and local planning and management will help to ensure that groundwater continues to serve the
needs of Californians.
Michael J. Spear
Interim Director
iv DWR -BULLETIN 118
State of California
Gray Davis, Governor
The Resources Agency
Mary D. Nichols, Secretary for Resources
Department of Water Resources
Michael J. Spear, Interim Director
L. Lucinda Chipponeri
Deputy Director
Peggy Bernardy
Chief Counsel
Stephen Verigin
Acting Chief Deputy Director
Jonas Minton Peter Garris Vernon T. Glover
Deputy Director Deputy Director Deputy Director
Division of Planning and Local Assistance
Mark Cowin, Chief
Statewide Water Planning Branch
Kamyar Guivetchi, Chief
Conjunctive Water Management Branch
John Woodling, Chief
This Bulletin was prepared under direction of
Doug Osugi
by
Robert Swartz,Senior Engineering Geologist
and
Carl Hauge,Chief Hydrogeologist
Final coordination by
Mary Scruggs and Joe Yun
with assistance from
Tom Hawkins Derick Louie
Tom Lutterman Darby Vickery Ilene Wellman-Barbree Judy Colvin
CALIFORNIA’S GROUNDWATER UPDATE 2003 v
Data collection, regional information, and basin descriptions provided by Department district offices
Northern District
Dwight Russell,District Chief
William Mendenhall,Chief, Resources Assessment Branch
Toccoy Dudley,Chief, Groundwater Section
Mike Ward,Engineer WR, technical lead
Todd Hillaire Noel Eaves Dan McManus Bill Ehorn Debbie Spangler
Kelley Staton Doti Watkins Charlene Sundermann Bruce Ross
Central District
Karl Winkler,District Chief
Emil Calzascia,Chief, Water Management
Bob Niblack,Chief, Geology and Groundwater Section
Chris Bonds,Engineering Geologist, technical lead
Sandra Maxwell Mark Souverville Tanya Meeth Bill Waggoner Solomon Mesghina
Bill Brewster Anne Roth
San Joaquin District
Paula J. Landis,District Chief
Brian Smith,Chief, Resource Assessment
Ben Igawa,Chief, Groundwater Section
Al Steele,Engineering Geologist, technical lead
Bruce Myers Anna Mancillas Ken Winden Amanda Mayes Noemi Baca
Southern District
Mark Stuart,District Chief
Bob Pierotti,Chief, Groundwater Section
Tim Ross,Engineering Geologist, technical lead
Gary Guacci Richard Lewy Dan Gamon Brian Moniz Randall Davis Jen Wong
Nuna Tersibahian Monica Lee Jeremy Lancaster Tammy Surco Mark Stuhlman
Editorial, design, and production services were provided by
Brenda Main,Supervisor of Technical Publications
Linda Sinnwell, Art Director
Marilee Talley Alice Dyer Xiaojun Li Gretchen Goettl Joanne Pierce
vi DWR -BULLETIN 118
Acronyms and AbbreviationsAcknowledgments
Acknowledgments
Successful completion of this update and continued implementation of this program would not be possible
without the dedicated efforts of the Central, Northern, San Joaquin, and Southern District Offices of the
California Department of Water Resources. The information in this report is the result of contributions from
many local, state, and federal agencies outside DWR. We would like to acknowledge the contributions of the
following agencies.
California Department of Pesticide Regulation
California Department of Toxic Substances Control
California Department of Health Services
California State Water Resources Control Board
California Regional Water Quality Control Boards
United States Geological Survey
United States Bureau of Reclamation
We also wish to thank numerous reviewers who provided valuable comments on the April 2003 public review
draft of this bulletin.
CALIFORNIA’S GROUNDWATER UPDATE 2003 vii
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Acronyms and abbreviations
AB Assembly Bill
BMO Basin management objective
CAS California Aquifer Susceptibility
CVP Central Valley Project
DBCP Dibromochloropropane
DCE Dichloroethylene
DHS California Department of Health Services
DPR California Department of Pesticide Regulation
DTSC California Department of Toxic Substances Control
DWR California Department of Water Resources
DWSAP Drinking Water Source Assessment Program
EDB Ethylene dibromide
EC Electrical conductivity
EMWD Eastern Municipal Water District
EWMP Efficient water management
EPA U.S. Environmental Protection Agency
ESA Federal Endangered Species Act
ET Evapotranspiration
ETAW Evapotranspiration of applied water
EWA Environmental Water Account
GAMA Groundwater Ambient Monitoring and Assessment
GIS Geographic information system
GMA Groundwater Management Agency
gpm Gallons per minute
GRID Groundwater Resources Information Database
GRIST Groundwater Resources Information Sharing Team
H & S Health and Safety Code
HR Hydrologic region
ISI Integrated Storage Investigations
ITF Interagency Task Force
JPA Joint powers agreement
maf Million acre-feet
MCL Maximum contaminant level
mg/L Milligrams per liter
MOU Memorandum of understanding
MTBE Methyl tertiary-butyl ether
OCWD Orange County Water District
PAC Public Advisory Committee
PCE Tetrachloroethylene
PCA Possible contaminating activity
PPIC Public Policy Institute of California
ROD Record of Decision
RWQCB Regional Water Quality Control Board
SB Senate Bill
SGA Sacramento Groundwater Authority
SVOC Semi-volatile organic compound
SVWD Scotts Valley Water District
SWRCB State Water Resources Control Board
viii DWR -BULLETIN 118
Acronyms and Abbreviations
taf Thousand acre-feet
TCE Trichloroethylene
TDS Total dissolved solids
UWMP Urban water management plan
USACE U.S. Army Corps of Engineers
USBR U.S. Bureau of Reclamation
USC United States Code
USGS U.S. Geological Survey
VOC Volatile organic compound
WQCP Water Quality Control Plan
CALIFORNIA’S GROUNDWATER UPDATE 2003 ix
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x DWR -BULLETIN 118
Contents
Contents
Findings .......................................................................................................................................................... 1
Recommendations ........................................................................................................................................... 7
Introduction ................................................................................................................................................... 13
History of Bulletin 118 ............................................................................................................................... 15
The Need for Bulletin 118 Update 2003 ..................................................................................................... 16
Report Organization ................................................................................................................................... 17
Chapter 1 Groundwater–California’s Hidden Resource .......................................................................... 19
California’s Hydrology ............................................................................................................................... 20
California’s Water Supply System .............................................................................................................. 24
Recent Groundwater Development Trends ................................................................................................. 27
The Need for Groundwater Monitoring and Evaluation ............................................................................. 28
Chapter 2 Groundwater Management in California ................................................................................ 31
How Groundwater is Managed in California ............................................................................................. 33
Groundwater Management through Authority Granted to Local Water Agencies ................................. 33
Local Groundwater Ordinances ............................................................................................................. 36
Adjudicated Groundwater Basins .......................................................................................................... 40
How Successful Have Groundwater Management Efforts Been? .............................................................. 44
Future Groundwater Management in California ....................................................................................... 49
Chapter 3 Groundwater Management Planning and Implementation ................................................... 53
Criteria for Evaluating Groundwater Management Plans—Required and Recommended Components ... 54
Required Components of Local Groundwater Management Plans ........................................................ 54
Recommended Components of Groundwater Management Plans ......................................................... 55
Model Groundwater Management Ordinance ............................................................................................ 62
Chapter 4 Recent Actions Related to Groundwater Management .......................................................... 65
Safe Drinking Water, Clean Water, Watershed Protection and Flood Protection Act of 2000
(Proposition 13) ............................................................................................................................. 66
California Bay-Delta Record of Decision .................................................................................................. 66
Local Groundwater Management Assistance Act of 2000 (AB 303, Water Code Section 10795 et seq.) . 67
Groundwater Quality Monitoring Act of 2001 (AB 599, Water Code Section 10780 et seq.) .................. 67
Water Supply Planning ............................................................................................................................... 68
Emergency Assistance to the Klamath Basin ............................................................................................. 68
Governor’s Drought Panel ......................................................................................................................... 68
Sacramento Valley Water Management Agreement ................................................................................... 69
Groundwater Management Water Code Amendments ............................................................................... 69
Water Security, Clean Drinking Water, Coastal and Beach Protection Act of 2002 (Proposition 50) ........ 69
Chapter 5 The Roles of State and Federal Agencies in California Groundwater Management ............. 71
Local Groundwater Management Assistance from DWR ........................................................................... 72
Conjunctive Water Management Program ............................................................................................. 72
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Assistance from Other State and Federal Agencies .................................................................................... 75
State Water Resources Control Board and Regional Water Quality Control Boards ............................. 75
California Department of Health Services ............................................................................................. 76
California Department of Pesticide Regulation ..................................................................................... 76
California Department of Toxic Substances Control .............................................................................77
California Bay-Delta Authority .............................................................................................................. 78
U.S. Environmental Protection Agency ................................................................................................. 78
U.S. Geological Survey .......................................................................................................................... 78
U.S. Bureau of Reclamation ................................................................................................................... 78
Chapter 6 Basic Groundwater Concepts ................................................................................................... 79
Origin of Groundwater ............................................................................................................................... 80
Occurrence of Groundwater ....................................................................................................................... 80
Groundwater and Surface Water Interconnection .................................................................................. 81
Physical Properties That Affect Groundwater ........................................................................................ 83
Aquifer ................................................................................................................................................... 85
Aquitard ................................................................................................................................................. 85
Unconfined and Confined Aquifers ........................................................................................................ 87
Groundwater Basin ................................................................................................................................. 88
Groundwater Subbasin ........................................................................................................................... 90
Groundwater Source Areas .................................................................................................................... 90
Movement of Groundwater ......................................................................................................................... 92
Quantity of Groundwater ........................................................................................................................... 93
Groundwater Storage Capacity .............................................................................................................. 93
Usable Groundwater Storage Capacity .................................................................................................. 95
Available Groundwater Storage Capacity .............................................................................................. 95
Groundwater Budget .............................................................................................................................. 95
Change in Groundwater Storage ............................................................................................................ 96
Overdraft ................................................................................................................................................ 96
Safe Yield ............................................................................................................................................... 99
Subsidence ............................................................................................................................................. 100
Conjunctive Management ...................................................................................................................... 100
Quality of Groundwater .............................................................................................................................. 101
Beneficial Uses ...................................................................................................................................... 101
Public Drinking Water Supply ............................................................................................................... 101
Agricultural Supply ................................................................................................................................ 101
Contaminant Groups .............................................................................................................................. 103
Chapter 7 Inventory of California’s Groundwater Information ............................................................. 105
Statewide Groundwater Information ........................................................................................................ 106
Groundwater Basins ............................................................................................................................... 106
Groundwater Budgets ............................................................................................................................. 106
Active Monitoring .................................................................................................................................. 111
Groundwater Quality .............................................................................................................................. 112
Regional Groundwater Use ....................................................................................................................... 113
xii DWR -BULLETIN 118
Contents
North Coast Hydrologic Region ................................................................................................................ 119
Description of the Region ...................................................................................................................... 122
Groundwater Development .................................................................................................................... 122
Groundwater Quality .............................................................................................................................. 124
Changes from Bulletin 118-80 ............................................................................................................... 125
San Francisco Bay Hydrologic Region .................................................................................................... 129
Description of the Region ...................................................................................................................... 131
Groundwater Development .................................................................................................................... 131
Groundwater Quality .............................................................................................................................. 132
Changes from Bulletin 118-80 ............................................................................................................... 134
Central Coast Hydrologic Region ............................................................................................................. 137
Description of the Region ...................................................................................................................... 140
Groundwater Development .................................................................................................................... 140
Groundwater Quality ............................................................................................................................. 140
Changes from Bulletin 118-80 ............................................................................................................... 142
South Coast Hydrologic Region ................................................................................................................ 145
Description of the Region ...................................................................................................................... 148
Groundwater Development .................................................................................................................... 149
Conjunctive Use ..................................................................................................................................... 149
Groundwater Quality .............................................................................................................................. 149
Changes from Bulletin 118 - 80 ............................................................................................................... 150
Sacramento River Hydrologic Region ...................................................................................................... 155
Description of the Region ...................................................................................................................... 158
Groundwater Development .................................................................................................................... 159
Groundwater Quality ............................................................................................................................. 160
Changes from Bulletin 118-80 ............................................................................................................... 161
San Joaquin River Hydrologic Region ................................................................................................... 167
Description of the Region ...................................................................................................................... 169
Groundwater Development .................................................................................................................... 169
Conjunctive Use ..................................................................................................................................... 170
Groundwater Quality ............................................................................................................................. 170
Changes from Bulletin 118-80 ............................................................................................................... 170
Tulare Lake Hydrologic Region ............................................................................................................. 175
Description of the Region ...................................................................................................................... 177
Groundwater Development .................................................................................................................... 177
Groundwater Quality ............................................................................................................................. 178
Changes from Bulletin 118-80 ............................................................................................................... 180
North Lahontan Hydrologic Region ......................................................................................................... 183
Description of the Region ...................................................................................................................... 185
Groundwater Development .................................................................................................................. 186
Groundwater Quality ............................................................................................................................ 187
Changes from Bulletin 118-80 ............................................................................................................. 188
South Lahontan Hydrologic Region ....................................................................................................... 191
Description of the Region .................................................................................................................... 194
Groundwater Development .................................................................................................................. 194
Groundwater Quality ............................................................................................................................ 194
Changes from Bulletin 118-80 ............................................................................................................. 196
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Colorado River Hydrologic Region .......................................................................................................... 201
Description of the Region ...................................................................................................................... 204
Groundwater Development .................................................................................................................... 204
Groundwater Quality .............................................................................................................................. 204
Changes from Bulletin 118-80 ............................................................................................................... 206
References .................................................................................................................................................... 209
Glossary ......................................................................................................................................................... 213
Appendices
Appendix A Obtaining Copies of Supplemental Material ............................................................................ 224
Appendix B The Right to Use Groundwater in California ........................................................................... 225
Appendix C Required and Recommended Components of Local Groundwater Management Plans ........... 230
Appendix D Groundwater Management Model Ordinance .......................................................................... 232
Appendix E SWRCB Beneficial Use Designations ...................................................................................... 239
Appendix F Federal and State MCLs and Regulation Dates for Drinking Water Contaminants .................. 241
Appendix G Development of Current Groundwater Basin/Subbasin Map ................................................... 245
Tables
Table 1 Groundwater management methods ................................................................................................. 33
Table 2 Local agencies with authority to deliver water for beneficial uses, which may have authority to
institute groundwater management ............................................................................................... 34
Table 3 Special act districts with groundwater management authority in California .................................... 35
Table 4 Counties with ordinances addressing groundwater management ..................................................... 39
Table 5 List of adjudicated basins.................................................................................................................. 42
Table 6 Scotts Valley Water District’s Groundwater Monitoring Plan .......................................................... 58
Table 7 Porosity (in percent) of soil and rock types ...................................................................................... 85
Table 8 Types and boundary characteristics of groundwater basins ............................................................. 88
Table 9 Examples of factors that limit development of a groundwater basin ............................................... 94
Table 10 Range of TDS values with estimated suitability for agricultural uses ........................................... 102
Table 11 Range of boron concentrations with estimated suitability on various crops ................................... 102
Table 12 Annual agricultural and municipal water demands met by groundwater ....................................... 113
Table 13 Most frequently occurring contaminants by contaminant group in the North Coast Hydrologic
Region ......................................................................................................................................... 125
Table 14 Modifications since Bulletin 118-80 of groundwater basins in
North Coast Hydrologic Region ................................................................................................. 125
Table 15 North Coast Hydrologic Region groundwater data ........................................................................ 127
Table 16 Most frequently occurring contaminants by contaminant group in the
San Francisco Bay Hydrologic Region ....................................................................................... 133
Table 17 Modifications since Bulletin 118-80 of groundwater basins and subbasins in San Francisco Bay
Hydrologic Region ..................................................................................................................... 134
Table 18 San Francisco Bay Hydrologic Region groundwater data ............................................................ 135
Table 19 Most frequently occurring contaminants by contaminant group in the
Central Coast Hydrologic Region ............................................................................................... 141
xiv DWR -BULLETIN 118
Contents
Table 20 Modifications since Bulletin 118-80 of groundwater basins and subbasins in
Central Coast Hydrologic Region ............................................................................................... 142
Table 21 Central Coast Hydrologic Region groundwater data .................................................................... 143
Table 22 Most frequently occurring contaminants by contaminant group in the
South Coast Hydrologic Region ................................................................................................. 151
Table 23 Modifications since Bulletin 118-80 of groundwater basins and subbasins
in South Coast Hydrologic Region ............................................................................................. 152
Table 24 South Coast Hydrologic Region groundwater data ...................................................................... 153
Table 25 Most frequently occurring contaminants by contaminant group in the
Sacramento River Hydrologic Region ........................................................................................ 161
Table 26 Modifications since Bulletin 118-80 of groundwater basins and subbasins in
Sacramento River Hydrologic Region ........................................................................................ 161
Table 27 Sacramento River Hydrologic Region groundwater data .......... .................................................. 163
Table 28 Most frequently occurring contaminants by contaminant group in the
San Joaquin River Hydrologic Region ....................................................................................... 171
Table 29 Modifications since Bulletin 118-80 of groundwater basins and subbasins in
San Joaquin River Hydrologic Region ....................................................................................... 172
Table 30 San Joaquin River Hydrologic Region groundwater data ........... ................................................ 173
Table 31 Most frequently occurring contaminants by contaminant group in the
Tulare Lake Hydrologic Region ................................................................................................. 179
Table 32 Modifications since Bulletin 118-80 of groundwater basins and subbasins in
Tulare Lake Hydrologic Region ................................................................................................. 180
Table 33 Tulare Lake Hydrologic Region groundwater data ...................................................................... 181
Table 34 Most frequently occurring contaminants by contaminant group in the
North Lahontan Hydrologic Region ........................................................................................... 188
Table 35 North Lahontan Hydrologic Region groundwater data ................................................................ 189
Table 36 Most frequently occurring contaminants by contaminant group in the
South Lahontan Hydrologic Region ........................................................................................... 196
Table 37 Modifications since Bulletin 118-80 of groundwater basins and subbasins
in South Lahontan Hydrologic Region ....................................................................................... 196
Table 38 South Lahontan Hydrologic Region groundwater data ................................................................ 198
Table 39 Most frequently occurring contaminants by contaminant group in the
Colorado River Hydrologic Region ............................................................................................ 205
Table 40 Modifications since Bulletin 118-80 of groundwater basins
in Colorado River Hydrologic Region ....................................................................................... 206
Table 41 Colorado River Hydrologic Region groundwater data ................................................................. 207
Figures
Figure 1 Shaded relief map of California .................................................................................................... 21
Figure 2 Mean annual precipitation in California, 1961 to 1990 ................................................................ 22
Figure 3 Groundwater basins, subbasins, and hydrologic regions............................................................... 23
Figure 4 Water projects in California .......................................................................................................... 25
Figure 5 Well completion reports filed with DWR from 1987 through 2000.............................................. 27
Figure 6 Well completion reports filed annually from 1987 through 2000 ................................................. 28
Figure 7 Process of addressing groundwater management needs in California .......................................... 32
Figure 8 Counties with groundwater ordinances......................................................................................... 37
Figure 9 Scotts Valley Water District’s Groundwater Management Plan monitoring locations.................. 60
CALIFORNIA’S GROUNDWATER UPDATE 2003 xv
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Figure 10 Broad distribution of grant and loan awardees for 2001 through 2003 ..................................... 74
Figure 11 The Hydrologic Cycle ................................................................................................................. 81
Figure 12 Examples of porosity in sediments and rocks ............................................................................. 84
Figure 13 Hydraulic conductivity ranges of selected rocks and sediments ................................................ 86
Figure 14 Interbedded aquifers with confined and unconfined conditions ................................................. 87
Figure 15 Groundwater basin near the coast with the aquifer extending
beyond the surface basin boundary ............................................................................................... 89
Figure 16 Significant volcanic groundwater source areas .......................................................................... 91
Figure 17 Schematic of total, usable, and available groundwater storage capacity .................................... 94
Figure 18 Hydrograph indicating overdraft .................................................................................................... 97
Figure 19 Photograph of extensometer ....................................................................................................... 100
Figure 20 Groundwater basins and subbasins ............................................................................................. 108
Figure 21 Basin and subbasin groundwater budget types ........................................................................... 109
Figure 22 California’s 10 hydrologic regions ............................................................................................. 114
Figure 23 Agricultural and urban demand supplied by groundwater in each hydrologic region ................ 115
Figure 24 Regional Water Quality Control Board regions and Department of
Water Resources hydrologic regions ........................................................................................... 117
Figure 25 North Coast Hydrologic Region ................................................................................................ 120
Figure 26 MCL exceedances in public supply wells in the North Coast Hydrologic Region ..................... 124
Figure 27 San Francisco Bay Hydrologic Region .......................................................................................... 130
Figure 28 MCL exceedances in public supply wells in the San Francisco Bay Hydrologic Region .......... 133
Figure 29 Central Coast Hydrologic Region ............................................................................................... 138
Figure 30 MCL exceedances in public supply wells in the Central Coast Hydrologic Region .................. 141
Figure 31 South Coast Hydrologic Region ................................................................................................ 146
Figure 32 MCL exceedances in public supply wells in the South Coast Hydrologic Region ..................... 150
Figure 33 Sacramento River Hydrologic Region ....................................................................................... 156
Figure 34 MCL exceedances in public supply wells in the Sacramento River Hydrologic Region ........... 160
Figure 35 San Joaquin River Hydrologic Region ...................................................................................... 168
Figure 36 MCL exceedances in public supply wells in the San Joaquin River Hydrologic Region ........... 171
Figure 37 Tulare Lake Hydrologic Region ................................................................................................ 176
Figure 38 MCL exceedances by contaminant group in public supply wells in the
Tulare Lake Hydrologic Region ................................................................................................. 179
Figure 39 North Lahontan Hydrologic Region .......................................................................................... 184
Figure 40 MCL exceedances in public supply wells in the North Lahontan Hydrologic Region ............... 187
Figure 41 South Lahontan Hydrologic Region .......................................................................................... 192
Figure 42 MCL exceedances in public supply wells in the South Lahontan Hydrologic Region ............... 195
Figure 43 Colorado River Hydrologic Region ........................................................................................... 202
Figure 44 MCL exceedances in public supply wells in the Colorado River Hydrologic Region .............. 205
Sidebars
Box A Which Bulletin 118 Do You Mean? .................................................................................................. 16
Box B Will Climate Change Affect California’s Groundwater? .................................................................. 26
Box C What About Overdraft? .................................................................................................................... 29
Box D Basin Management Objectives for Groundwater Management ....................................................... 38
Box E Adjudication of Groundwater Rights in the Raymond Basin ........................................................... 41
Box F Managing through a Joint Powers Agreement .................................................................................. 45
Box G Managing a Basin through Integrated Water Management .............................................................. 46
xvi DWR -BULLETIN 118
Contents
Box H Managing Groundwater Using both Physical and Institutional Solutions ........................................... 47
Box I Impediments to Conjunctive Management Programs in California .................................................. 48
Box J Managing Groundwater Quantity and Quality .................................................................................. 50
Box K What are Management Objectives? .................................................................................................. 61
Box L Providing Data: The Internet Makes Groundwater Elevation Data Readily Accessible to the Public .... 73
Box M Improving Coordination of Groundwater Information ....................................................................... 77
Box N One Resource, Two Systems of Law .................................................................................................. 82
Box O Critical Conditions of Overdraft ...................................................................................................... 98
Box P Focused on Nitrates: Detailed Study of a Contaminant .................................................................... 103
Box Q How Does the Information in This Report Relate to the Recently Enacted
Laws Senate Bill 221 and Senate Bill 610 (2002)? ......................................................................... 107
Box R Explanation of Groundwater Data Tables ....................................................................................... 110
Box S What Happens When an MCL Exceedance Occurs? ........................................................................ 112
CALIFORNIA’S GROUNDWATER UPDATE 2003 167
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San Joaquin River Hydrologic Region
168 DWR -BULLETIN 118
Chapter 7 |San Joaquin River Hydrologic Region
Figure 35 San Joaquin River Hydrologic Region
CALIFORNIA’S GROUNDWATER UPDATE 2003 169
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Basins and Subbasins of the San Joaquin
River Hydrologic Region
Basin/subbasin Basin name
5-22 San Joaquin Valley
5-22.01 Eastern San Joaquin
5-22.02 Modesto
5-22.03 Turlock
5-22.04 Merced
5-22.05 Chowchilla
5-22.06 Madera
5-22.07 Delta-Mendota
5-22.15 Tracy
5-22.16 Cosumnes
5-69 Yosemite Valley
5-70 Los Banos Creek Valley
Description of the Region
The San Joaquin River HR covers approximately 9.7
million acres (15,200 square miles) and includes all of
Calaveras, Tuolumne, Mariposa, Madera, San Joaquin,
and Stanislaus counties, most of Merced and Amador
counties, and parts of Alpine, Fresno, Alameda, Contra
Costa, Sacramento, El Dorado, and San Benito counties
(Figure 35). The region corresponds to a portion near
the middle of RWQCB 5. Significant geographic
features include the northern half of the San Joaquin
Valley, the southern part of the Sacramento-San Joaquin
Delta, the Sierra Nevada and Diablo Range. The region
is home to about 1.6 million people (DWR 1998).
Major population centers include Merced, Modesto, and
Stockton. The Merced area is entirely dependent on
groundwater for its supply, as will be the new
University of California at Merced campus.
Groundwater Development
The region contains two entire groundwater basins and
part of the San Joaquin Valley Groundwater Basin,
which continues south into the Tulare Lake HR. The
San Joaquin Valley Groundwater Basin is divided into
nine subbasins in this region. The basins underlie 3.73
million acres (5,830 square miles) or about 38 percent
of the entire HR area.
The region is heavily groundwater reliant. Within the
region groundwater accounts for about 30 percent of the
annual supply used for agricultural and urban purposes.
Groundwater use in the region accounts for about 18
percent of statewide groundwater use for agricultural
and urban needs. Groundwater use in the region
accounts for 5 percent of the State’s overall supply from
all sources for agricultural and urban uses (DWR 1998).
The aquifers are generally quite thick in the San Joaquin
Valley subbasins, with groundwater wells commonly
extending to depths of up to 800 feet. Aquifers include
unconsolidated alluvium and consolidated rocks with
unconfined and confined groundwater conditions.
Typical well yields in the San Joaquin Valley range
from 300 to 2,000 gpm with yields of 5,000 gpm
possible. The region’s only significant basin located
outside of San Joaquin Valley is Yosemite Valley.
Yosemite Valley Basin supplies water to Yosemite
National Park and has substantial well yields.
170 DWR -BULLETIN 118
Chapter 7 |San Joaquin River Hydrologic Region
Conjunctive Use
Since near the beginning of the region’s agricultural development, groundwater has been used conjunctively
with surface water to meet water needs. Groundwater was and is used when and where surface water is
unable to fully meet demands either in time or area. For several decades, this situation was more of an
incidental conjunctive use than a formal one. Historical groundwater use has resulted in some land
subsidence in the southwest portion of the region.
Groundwater Quality
In general, groundwater quality throughout the region is suitable for most urban and agricultural uses with
only local impairments. The primary constituents of concern are TDS, nitrate, boron, chloride, and organic
compounds. The Yosemite Valley Groundwater Basin has exceptionally high quality groundwater.
Areas of high TDS content are primarily along the west side of the San Joaquin Valley and in the trough of
the valley. The high TDS content of west-side groundwater is due to recharge of streamflow originating
from marine sediments in the Coast Range. High TDS content in the trough of the valley is the result of
concentration of salts due to evaporation and poor drainage. Nitrates may occur naturally or as a result of
disposal of human and animal waste products and fertilizer. Boron and chloride are likely a result of
concentration from evaporation near the valley trough. Organic contaminants can be broken into two
categories, agricultural and industrial. Agricultural pesticides and herbicides have been detected in
groundwater throughout the region, but primarily along the east side of the San Joaquin Valley where soil
permeability is higher and depth to groundwater is shallower. The most notable agricultural contaminant is
dibromochloropropane (DBCP), a now-banned soil fumigant and known carcinogen once used extensively
on grapes and cotton. Industrial organic contaminants include TCE, dichloroethylene (DCE), and other
solvents. They are found in groundwater near airports, industrial areas, and landfills.
Water Quality in Public Supply Wells
From 1994 through 2000, 689 public supply water wells were sampled in 10 of the 11 basins and subbasins
in the San Joaquin River HR. Samples analyzed indicate that 523 wells, or 76 percent, met the state primary
MCLs for drinking water. One-hundred-sixty-six wells, or 24 percent, have constituents that exceed one or
more MCL. Figure 36 shows the percentages of each contaminant group that exceeded MCLs in the 166 wells.
Table 28 lists the three most frequently occurring contaminants in each of the six contaminant groups and
shows the number of wells in the HR that exceeded the MCL for those contaminants.
Changes from Bulletin 118-80
The subbasins of the San Joaquin Valley, which were delineated as part of the 118-80 update, are given their
first numeric designation in this report. Additionally, the Cosumnes Subbasin has been added to the
subbasins within the San Joaquin River HR. It is worth noting that the southern portion of the South
American Subbasin of the Sacramento Valley Groundwater Basin is also included as part of this HR. The
subbasin names and numbers within the region are listed in Table 29.
CALIFORNIA’S GROUNDWATER UPDATE 2003 171
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Figure 36 MCL exceedances in public supply wells in the San Joaquin River Hydrologic Region
Table 28 Most frequently occurring contaminants by contaminant group
in the San Joaquin River Hydrologic Region
Contaminant group Contaminant - # of wells Contaminant - # of wells Contaminant - # of wells
Inorganics – Primary Aluminum – 4 Arsenic – 4 4 tied at 2 exceedances
Inorganics – Secondary Manganese – 123 Iron – 102 TDS – 9
Radiological Uranium – 33 Gross Alpha – 26 Radium 228 – 6
Nitrates Nitrate (as NO3) – 23 Nitrate + Nitrite – 6 Nitrate Nitrogen (NO3-N) – 3
Pesticides DBCP – 44 Di(2-Ethylhexyl)phthalate – 11 EDB – 6
VOCs PCE – 8 Dichloromethane – 3 TCE – 3
DBCP = Dibromochloropropane
EDB = Ethylenedibromide
PCE = Tetrachloroethylene
TCE = Trichloroethylene
VOC = Volatile Organic Compound
SVOC = Semivolatile Organic Compound
Meet primary MCL standards
Detection of at least one constituent above primary MCL
689 Wells Sampled
Nitrates
24%76%
30%
10%
11%
16%33%
Radiological
Pesticides
VOCs/SVOCs
Inorganic
172 DWR -BULLETIN 118
Chapter 7 |San Joaquin River Hydrologic Region
Table 29 Modifications since Bulletin 118-80 of groundwater basins and subbasins
in San Joaquin Hydrologic Region
Subbasin name New number Old number
Eastern San Joaquin 5-22.01 5-22
Modesto 5-22.02 5-22
Turlock 5-22.03 5-22
Merced 5-22.04 5-22
Chowchilla 5-22.05 5-22
Madera 5-22.06 5-22
Delta-Mendota 5-22.07 5-22
Tracy 5-22.15 5-22
Cosumnes 5-22.16 5-22
CALIFORNIA’S GROUNDWATER UPDATE 2003 173
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174 DWR -BULLETIN 118
Chapter 7 |San Joaquin River Hydrologic Region
APPENDIX I
2012 Consumer Confidence Report
Este informe contiene información muy
importante sobre su agua potable. Tradúzcalo
o hable con alguien que lo entienda bien.
2012 Water Quality Report
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One part per trillion is equivalent to one
square inch in 250 square miles, three
seconds in 100,000 years, or one drop
of water in 20 Olympic-size pools.
HOME
Your Water System Inside the Laboratory Types of Treatment The Disinfection Process Protecting Our Water
Your Water System
Water professionals collect samples from throughout the
water system for testing at our state-of-the-art water quality
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program that enables us to react quickly to changes in water
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Inside the Water Quality Laboratory
Cal Water began providing high-quality water utility services
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duced by 51 active wells (treated where necessary to improve
taste and odor), surface water from the Kern River (treated
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chased from the Kern County Water Agency.
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ties to ensure a reliable, high-quality supply. Together, we are
evaluating treatment technologies to bring wells back online,
and we are constructing four new wells.
If you have any questions, suggestions, or concerns, please
contact our local Customer Center, either by phone or
through the contact link at www.calwater.com.
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Your Water System Inside the Laboratory Types of Treatment The Disinfection Process Protecting Our Water
Your Water System
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The Disinfection Process
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Protecting Our Water
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2012 Test Results
Maximum Contaminant Level (MCL)
The highest level of a contaminant that is allowed in drinking
water. Primary MCLs protect public health and are set as close
to the PHGs (or MCLGs) as are economically and technologi-
cally feasible. Secondary MCLs relate to the odor, taste, and
appearance of drinking water.
Exceeded Standard
Out of compliance with a primary MCL, a secondary MCL, or
an action level, as determined by the California Department
of Public Health. For some compounds, compliance is deter-
mined by averaging the results for one source over a year.
Regulatory Action Level (AL)
The concentration of a contaminant which, if exceeded, trig-
gers treatment or other required action by the water provider.
Maximum Contaminant Level Goal (MCLG)
The level of a contaminant in drinking water below which
there is no known or expected risk to health. MCLGs are set by
the United States Environmental Protection Agency (USEPA).
Maximum Residual Disinfectant Level (MRDL)
The highest level of a disinfectant allowed in drinking water.
There is convincing evidence that addition of a disinfectant is
necessary for control of microbial contaminants.
Maximum Residual Disinfectant Level Goal (MRDLG)
The level of a drinking water disinfectant below which there is
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contaminants.
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A health-based advisory level for an unregulated contaminant
in drinking water. It is used by the California Department of
Public Health to provide guidance to drinking water systems.
Primary Drinking Water Standard (PDWS)
MCLs and MRDLs for contaminants that affect health, along
with their monitoring, reporting, and water treatment
requirements.
Public Health Goal (PHG)
The level of a contaminant in drinking water below which
there is no known or expected risk to health. PHGs are set by
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Environmental Health Hazard Assessment without regard to
cost or available detection and treatment technologies.
Treatment Technique (TT)
A required process intended to reduce the level of a contami-
nant in drinking water.
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2012 Test Results
μS/cm OGCUWTGQHURGEKƂEEQPFWEVCPEG
PC PQVCRRNKECDNG
ND PQVFGVGEVGF
NTU PGRJGNQOGVTKEVWTDKFKV[WPKV
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SMCL UGEQPFCT[OCZKOWOEQPVCOKPCPVNGXGN
Cal Water tests your water for more than 140 regulated contaminants and dozens of unregulated contaminants. This table lists
only those contaminants that were detected.
In the table, water quality test results are divided into two main sections: “Primary Drinking Water Standards” and “Secondary Drink-
ing Water Standards and Unregulated Compounds.” Primary standards protect public health by limiting the levels of certain constit-
uents in drinking water. Secondary standards are set for substances that don’t impact health but could affect the water’s taste, odor,
or appearance. Some unregulated substances (hardness and sodium, for example) are included for your information.
9CVGT3WCNKV[6CDNG
Primary Drinking Water Standards
Radiological
Year
Tested Unit
MCL
(SMCL)
PHG
(MCLG)
Exceeded
Standard?Range Average Source of Substance
Gross alpha particle activity
4CFKWO
Radium 228
Uranium
Inorganic Chemicals
Year
Tested Unit
MCL
(SMCL)
PHG
(MCLG)
Exceeded
Standard?Range Average Source of Substance
Arsenic1
Barium
Fluoride
Nickel2
Nitrate (as nitrate)
1While your drinking water meets the federal and state standards for arsenic, it does
contain low levels of arsenic. The arsenic standards balance the current understand-
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drinking water. The USEPA continues to research the health effects of low levels of
arsenic, which is a mineral known to cause cancer in humans at high concentrations
and is linked to other health effects, such as skin damage and circulatory problems.
2The standard for nickel was not exceeded because compliance is based on the
average of samples collected from the same source. Nickel was detected above the
MCL value in one of 53 samples.
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2012 Test Results
μS/cm OGCUWTGQHURGEKƂEEQPFWEVCPEG
PC PQVCRRNKECDNG
ND PQVFGVGEVGF
NTU PGRJGNQOGVTKEVWTDKFKV[WPKV
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Year
Tested Unit
MCL
(SMCL)
PHG
(MCLG)
Exceeded
Standard?
Highest
Level
Lowest
Monthly
Percent Source of Substance
Turbidity (surface water
requiring filtration)3
Turbidity
(purchased surface water)3
Organic Chemicals
Year
Tested Unit
MCL
(SMCL)
PHG
(MCLG)
Exceeded
Standard?Range Average Source of Substance
Dibromochloropropane
(DBCP)
1,1-Dichloroethane
cis-1,2-Dichloroethylene
1,2-Dichloropropane
Tetrachloroethylene (PCE)
Disinfection Byproducts
Year
Tested Unit
MCL
(SMCL)
PHG
(MCLG)
Exceeded
Standard?Range
Highest
Annual
Average Source of Substance
Total haloacetic acids4
Total trihalomethanes
Disinfectant
and DBP Precursor
Year
Tested Unit MRDL MRDLG
Exceeded
Standard?Range Average Source of Substance
Chlorine
Total organic carbon
(treated surface water)5
3For surface water systems, the treatment technique dictates that the turbidity level
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ments taken. Turbidity is a measurement of the cloudiness of water. We monitor it
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4Exceeding this MCL value did not result in exceeding the standard, because this is
determined by the average of samples collected. Haloacetic acids (HAAs) form when
source water containing high levels of organic matter reacts with chlorine used to
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5Total organic carbon (TOC) has no health effects; however, TOC provides a medium
for the formation of disinfection byproducts. These byproducts include trihalometh-
anes (THMs) and haloacetic acids (HAAs). The treatment technique dictates that
a removal ratio of 1 or higher must be achieved. Drinking water containing these
byproducts in excess of the MCL may lead to adverse health effects such as liver,
kidney, or nervous system problems, and may lead to an increased risk of cancer.
Concerns regarding disinfection byproducts are based upon exposure over many
years.
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2012 Test Results
μS/cm OGCUWTGQHURGEKƂEEQPFWEVCPEG
PC PQVCRRNKECDNG
ND PQVFGVGEVGF
NTU PGRJGNQOGVTKEVWTDKFKV[WPKV
pCi/L RKEQ%WTKGURGTNKVGT
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ppm RCTVURGTOKNNKQP
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SMCL UGEQPFCT[OCZKOWOEQPVCOKPCPVNGXGN
Microbiological
Year
Tested Unit
MCL
(SMCL)
PHG
(MCLG)
Exceeded
Standard?Highest Monthly Source of Substance
Total coliform (systems with
>40 samples/month)
Other Regulated Substances
Metals
Year
Tested Unit AL
PHG
(MCLG)
Exceeded
Standard?
VJ
Percentile
Samples
> AL Source of Substance
Copper
Secondary Drinking Water Standards and Unregulated Compounds
Inorganic Chemicals
Year
Tested Unit SMCL
PHG
(MCLG)
Exceeded
Standard?Range Average Source of Substance
Aluminum
Boron
Calcium
Chloride
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Foaming agents [MBAS]
Hardness
Iron
Magnesium
OdorYes
pH
Sodium
Specific conductance
Sulfate
Total dissolved solids
Turbidity (groundwater)
The standard for iron was not exceeded because compliance is based on the
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collected when the wells were not active, and the high iron detections represent
stagnant water standing in the casing and not the water supplied to our consumers.
+TQPoU5/%.YCUUGVVQRTQVGEV[QWCICKPUVWPRNGCUCPVCGUVJGVKEGHHGEVUUWEJCUEQNQT
VCUVGQFQTCPFVJGUVCKPKPIQHRNWODKPIƂZVWTGUCPFNCWPFT['ZEGGFKPIVJKU5/%.
does not pose a health risk.
One of 51 active wells has odor above the SMCL, but this well only supplies a small
industrial portion of the system, so most customer are not impacted. There are no
health effects associated with odor.
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2012 Test Results
μS/cm OGCUWTGQHURGEKƂEEQPFWEVCPEG
PC PQVCRRNKECDNG
ND PQVFGVGEVGF
NTU PGRJGNQOGVTKEVWTDKFKV[WPKV
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Disinfection Byproducts
Year
Tested Unit NL
PHG
(MCLG)
Exceeded
Standard?Range
Highest
Annual
Average Source of Substance
Chlorate
Organic Chemicals
Year
Tested Unit NL
PHG
(MCLG)
Exceeded
Standard?Range
Highest
Annual
Average Source of Substance
1,2,3-Trichloropropane (TCP)8 Yes
8%WTTGPVN[VJGTGKUPQ/%.HQT6%26JGTGKUCPQVKƂECVKQPNGXGNDGECWUG6%2KUCEQP-
stituent of interest. As recommended by CDPH, Cal Water is conducting extensive
monitoring and investigating acceptable treatment methods. Laboratory studies
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level over many years may have an increased risk of cancer.
We conduct
more than 380,000
water quality tests each year.
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2012 Test Results
All drinking water, including bottled water, may reasonably
be expected to contain at least small amounts of some con-
taminants. The presence of contaminants does not necessarily
indicate that water poses a health risk. More information about
contaminants and potential health effects can be obtained
by calling the United States Environmental Protection Agency
(USEPA) Safe Drinking Water Hotline at (800) 426-4791.
The sources of drinking water (both tap and bottled) include
rivers, lakes, streams, ponds, reservoirs, springs, and wells.
As water travels over the surface of the land or through the
ground, it dissolves naturally occurring minerals and, in some
cases, radioactive material, and can pick up substances result-
ing from the presence of animals or human activity. Contami-
nants that may be present in source water include:
Microbial contaminants, such as viruses and bacteria, which
may come from sewage treatment plants, septic systems, agri-
cultural livestock operations, and wildlife.
Inorganic contaminants, such as salts and metals, which can
be naturally occurring or result from urban stormwater runoff,
industrial or domestic wastewater discharges, oil and gas pro-
duction, mining, or farming.
Pesticides and herbicides, which may come from a variety
of sources such as agriculture, urban stormwater runoff, and
residential uses.
Organic chemical contaminants, including synthetic and
volatile organic chemicals, which are byproducts of industrial
processes and petroleum production, and can also come from
gas stations, urban stormwater runoff, agricultural application,
and septic systems.
Radioactive contaminants, which can be naturally occurring or
the result of oil and gas production and mining activities.
In order to ensure that tap water is safe to drink, the USEPA
and the California Department of Public Health (CDPH) pre-
scribe regulations that limit the amount of certain contami-
nants in water provided by public water systems. CDPH regu-
lations also establish limits for contaminants in bottled water,
which must provide the same protection for public health.
Some people may be more vulnerable to contaminants in
drinking water than the general population. Immunocom-
promised people, such as those with cancer undergoing
chemotherapy, those who have undergone organ transplants,
those with HIV/AIDS or other immune system disorders; some
elderly people, and infants; can be particularly at risk from
infections. These people should seek advice from their health
care providers about drinking water. USEPA/Centers for Dis-
ease Control and Prevention (CDC) guidelines on appropri-
ate means to lessen the risk of infection by Cryptosporidium
and other microbial contaminants are available from the Safe
Drinking Water Hotline at (800) 426-4791.
2QUUKDNG%QPVCOKPCPVU
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HOME
-G[&GƂPKVKQPU 9CVGT3WCNKV[6CDNG 2QUUKDNG%QPVCOKPCPVU #DQWV.GCF DWSAPP
2012 Test Results
If present, elevated levels of lead can cause serious health
problems, especially for pregnant women and young chil-
dren. Lead in drinking water comes primarily from materials
and components associated with service lines and home
plumbing.
The water delivered by Cal Water to your meter meets all
water quality standards, but your home plumbing can affect
water quality. When your water has been sitting for several
hours, you can minimize the potential for lead exposure by
ƃWUJKPI[QWTVCRHQTUGEQPFUVQVYQOKPWVGUDGHQTGWUKPI
water for drinking or cooking.
If you are concerned about lead in your water, you may wish
to have your water tested by a private lab. Information on lead
in drinking water, testing methods, and steps you can take to
minimize exposure is available from the Safe Drinking Water
Hotline or at www.epa.gov/safewater/lead.
#DQWV.GCF &95#22
By the end of 2002, Cal Water had submitted to the California
Department of Public Health a Drinking Water Source Assess-
ment and Protection Program (DWSAPP) report for each water
UQWTEGKPVJGYCVGTU[UVGO6JG&95#22TGRQTVKFGPVKƂGURQU-
sible sources of contamination to aid in prioritizing cleanup
and pollution prevention efforts. All reports are available for
viewing or copying at our Customer Center.
6JGYCVGTUQWTEGUKPVJG%KV[QH$CMGTUƂGNFU[UVGOCTGEQPUKF-
ered most vulnerable to agriculture, stormwater, wastewater,
surface water (streams, lakes, rivers), lumbering industries/
retailers, wood treatment, paper production, metal plating/
fabrication, photo processing, electrical/electronic manufac-
turing, large equipment storage yards, above- and under-
ground storage tanks, drinking water treatment plants, park-
ing lots/malls, research laboratories, high-density housing,
wells (water supply, agricultural, oil, gas, geothermal), known
contaminant plumes, parks, utility stations (maintenance
areas), chemical/petroleum industries, chemical/pesticide/
fertilizer/petroleum storage, existing and historic gas stations,
FT[ENGCPGTUFTGFIKPICWVQOQDKNGTGRCKTUJQRUCTVKƂEKCN
recharge projects (spreading basins), sewer collection sys-
tems, storm drain discharge points, and high-density septic
systems.
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HOME
Pharmaceuticals Chromium 6 Total Trihalomethanes
In the News
News stories about water quality can raise more questions
than they answer, mainly because the news media can dedi-
cate only so much time and space to each story, even though
the subject matter can be quite complex. During the past year,
we’ve seen stories about pharmaceuticals, chromium 6, and
total trihalomethanes.
Pharmaceuticals
A recent study detected trace amounts of pharmaceuticals in
some water sources throughout the country. According to one
source, at the levels detected, a person would have to drink
pOQTGVJCPOKNNKQPICNNQPUQHVTGCVGFOWPKEKRCNGHƃWGPV
to accidentally ingest the equivalent of one over-the-counter
headache tablet.”* More research needs to be done to deter-
mine whether such miniscule amounts of these substances in
drinking water can affect public health, but in the meantime,
Cal Water encourages you to take unused medicines to your
doctor, pharmacy, or local take-back program to keep them
out of water supplies.
Chromium 6
Chromium 6 occurs naturally in many water sources. It is also
used to produce stainless steel and textile dyes, preserve wood,
and tan leather, among other things. Currently, there is no water
quality standard for chromium 6; however, there is a standard for
*Staff Report, California Regional Water Quality Control Board Santa Ana Region,
March 22, 2013.
total chromium. (Chromium 6 is a subset of total chromium, so
chromium 6 levels are always lower than total chromium levels.)
The California Department of Public Health (CDPH) is determin-
ing the standard by balancing the current understanding of
the health effects with the cost for treatment, and is expected
to establish a draft standard for chromium 6 in 2013. Cal Water
has been collaborating with the Water Research Foundation on
a pilot study to test various treatment methods and assess costs
in preparation for meeting the new standard.
Total Trihalomethanes
Although drinking water disinfection is critical to protecting
the public from serious waterborne illnesses and Cal Water is
required to maintain adequate levels of disinfectant in the water
system, the process can result in the formation of disinfection
byproducts, such as total trihalomethanes, or TTHMs. The United
States Environmental Protection Agency (USEPA) and CDPH lim-
it the level of TTHMs that can be present in water, because when
consumed at certain levels over long periods of time, they can
pose health risks. The key is to remove harmful bacteria through
disinfection without creating disinfection byproducts at levels
that could pose health risks. So, to limit the formation of disin-
fection byproducts, Cal Water treats surface water to remove
QTICPKEOCVVGTVJCVECPECWUG66*/UVQHQTOƃWUJGUOCKPUCPF
cleans storage tanks, and operates the system to reduce the
amount of time that water is stored in storage tanks.
+PVJG0GYU
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HOME
Why Does My Water Look Like That? Why Does My Water Do That? Why Does My Water Smell Like That?
Should I Buy a Home Filtration Unit? What Gives Tap Water Its Flavor?
Why Does Cal Water Flush Water From Fire Hydrants? What’s the Deal With Fluoride? How Hard Is My Water?
Q & A
Why Does My Water Look Like That?
Why does it look like it has sand in it?
Dirt or sand can occur naturally in groundwater sources; it
ECPCNUQIGVKPVQYCVGTNKPGUFWTKPITGRCKTU%CN9CVGTƃWUJGU
water lines to help remove sediment, but if it makes its way
into your home plumbing, you should let the water run until it
clears. The same goes for faucets that haven’t been used for a
while, which allows rust or residue from the pipes to collect.
Why does it look milky?
Milky or cloudy water is generally caused by harmless air
bubbles. If the water is allowed to sit, the air will dissipate and
the water will clear.
Why does it seem to be colored?
Minerals can give the water a slight color. Secondary stan-
dards are set for substances that can affect the aesthetic quali-
ties of the water but do not pose a health risk.
Color can also be related to your home plumbing. For
example, galvanized pipes or pipes that are corroded due
to changes in water quality caused by water softeners can
change the appearance of your water.
Why Does My Water Do That?
Why does it leave spots on my dishes?
Spots are caused by minerals in hard water that remain after
the water has evaporated. They can be minimized by a dish-
washer rinse agent and removed with vinegar.
Why does it make my coffee look oily?
Oily-looking coffee usually occurs when the coffee maker
needs to be cleaned. Try running vinegar and water through it
as directed by the manufacturer.
Why Does My Water Smell Like That?
Why does it smell like chlorine?
Chlorine is used to remove harmful bacteria from the water.
Try refrigerating a pitcher of water to reduce the chlorine
odor.
Why does it smell bad?
Your water should not smell bad. If the odor is in your hot
water only, your water heater may need to be adjusted,
ƃWUJGFQTTGRCKTGFCEEQTFKPIVQOCPWHCEVWTGTFKTGEVKQPU
If the odor is in both the hot and cold water, please call our
Customer Center so that we may investigate.
3#
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HOME
Why Does My Water Look Like That? Why Does My Water Do That? Why Does My Water Smell Like That?
Should I Buy a Home Filtration Unit? What Gives Tap Water Its Flavor?
Why Does Cal Water Flush Water From Fire Hydrants? What’s the Deal With Fluoride? How Hard Is My Water?
Q & A
Should I Buy a Home Filtration Unit?
Home water treatment units are often used to improve the
aesthetic qualities of the water, but according to the United
States Environmental Protection Agency, they are rarely neces-
sary for health reasons. If you choose to install a home treat-
ment unit, be sure to follow the manufacturer’s maintenance
instructions, because improperly maintained units can cause
water quality problems. For example, bacteria can grow in
ECTDQPƂNVGTUVJCVCTGPQVTGRNCEGFCUTGEQOOGPFGF
What Gives Tap Water Its Flavor?
Why does the taste of my water change from time to
time?
Sometimes we provide water from a different source because
of seasonal changes in supply or operational needs. Naturally
QEEWTTKPIOKPGTCNUECPIKXGVJGYCVGTCFKUVKPEVƃCXQT
Why Does Cal Water Flush Water
From Fire Hydrants?
p(NWUJKPIqKUCRTQEGFWTGKPYJKEJEGTVCKPƂTGJ[FTCPVUCTG
opened under controlled conditions to remove minerals and
sediment from the water lines. Fire hydrants are also opened
occasionally in order to ensure that they are operating prop-
erly. Flushing may seem wasteful, but it is an important and
necessary activity that is endorsed by the American Water
Works Association and conducted in accordance with guide-
NKPGUUGVD[VJG%CNKHQTPKC&GRCTVOGPVQH2WDNKE*GCNVJ+HƃWUJ-
ing is being conducted in your service area, you may notice a
temporary decrease in water pressure. If you notice any discol-
QTCVKQPQTUGFKOGPVKPVJGYCVGTCHVGTƃWUJKPIJCUQEEWTTGF
allow water to run from your outside hose bib until it clears.
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HOME
Why Does My Water Look Like That? Why Does My Water Do That? Why Does My Water Smell Like That?
Should I Buy a Home Filtration Unit? What Gives Tap Water Its Flavor?
Why Does Cal Water Flush Water From Fire Hydrants? What’s the Deal With Fluoride? How Hard Is My Water?
Q & A
9JCVoUVJG&GCN9KVJ(NWQTKFG!
5VCVGNCYTGSWKTGU%CN9CVGTVQCFFƃWQTKFGVQFTKPMKPIYCVGT
if public funding is available to pay for it, and it is a practice
endorsed by the American Medical Association and the Amer-
ican Dental Association to prevent tooth decay. In this area,
NQYNGXGNUQHƃWQTKFGQEEWTPCVWTCNN[DWV%CN9CVGTFQGUPoV
add any to the water supply. Show the table in this report to
your dentist to see if he or she recommends giving your chil-
FTGPƃWQTKFGUWRRNGOGPVU
/QTGKPHQTOCVKQPCDQWVƃWQTKFCVKQPQTCNJGCNVJCPFEWT-
rent issues can be found on the CDPH web site at www.cdph.
ca.gov/certlic/drinkingwater/Pages/Fluoridation.aspx. For
IGPGTCNKPHQTOCVKQPQPYCVGTƃWQTKFCVKQPXKUKVWUQPNKPGCV
www.calwater.com.
*QY*CTF+U/[9CVGT!
9CVGToUpJCTFPGUUqKUCOGCUWTGQHVJGCOQWPVQHOKPGT-
als (generally calcium and magnesium) it contains. Water is
EQPUKFGTGFUQHVKHKVUJCTFPGUUKUNGUUVJCPRCTVURGTOKNNKQP
RRO OQFGTCVGN[JCTFCVVQRROJCTFCVVQ
ppm, and very hard at 300 ppm or higher.
The current water quality table for your service area shows an
average hardness of ppm.
Hard water is generally not a health concern, but it can have
CPKORCEVQPJQYYGNNUQCRNCVJGTUCPFKUUKIPKƂECPVHQTUQOG
industrial and manufacturing processes. Hard water may also
lead to mineral buildup in pipes or water heaters.
Some people with hard water opt to buy a water softener for
aesthetic reasons. However, some water softeners add salt to
the water, and this can cause problems at wastewater treat-
ment plants. In addition, people on low-sodium diets should
be aware that some water softeners increase the sodium con-
tent of the water.
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YYYECNYCVGTEQO
Thanks for taking the time to learn more
about your water quality! Even more
information awaits you at www.calwater.com.
8KUKVQWTYGDUKVGVQIGVKPHQTOCVKQPCDQWV
[QWTCEEQWPVYCVGTWUGJKUVQT[YCVGTTCVGU
and water system. Hope to see you soon!
APPENDIX J
Excerpts from “Emergency Response Plan”
APPENDIX K
City Water System and Wholesale System Current
Rate Schedule
EXHIBIT "A"
City of Bakersfield
Water Resources Department Domestic Water Division
Ashe, Fairhaven and Riverlakes Ranch Service Areas
Schedule of Rates
General Metered Service Current Rates
Within Fairhaven &
City Limits Unincorp-
orated Areas
Quantity Rates:
Per 100 cubic ft/month 0.91$ $1.14
Monthly Readiness-To-Serve Charge:
5/8" x 3/4" Service 9.55$ 12.42$ Reconnection Fees
1" Service 14.55$ 18.92$Collect @ Door $15.00
1-1/2" Service 22.20$ 28.86$Reconnection $25.00
2" Service 30.22$ 39.29$After Hours $65.00
3" Service 55.85$ 72.60$Cage & Lock $30.00
4" Service 81.18$ 105.53$NSF $10.00
6" Service 145.89$ 189.66$
8" Service 224.27$ 291.55$
10" Service 309.13$ 401.87$
Monthly Private Fire Protection Service Charge:
1-1/2" Connection 9.01$ 11.72$
2" Connection 12.02$ 15.62$
3" Connection 18.03$ 23.43$
4" Connection 24.03$ 31.25$
6" Connection 36.04$ 46.85$
8" Connection 48.06$ 62.47$
10" Connection 60.07$ 78.10$
12" Connection 72.09$ 93.72$
"Monthly Readiness-To-Serve Charge" is applied to all services and any quantity of water used is an
additional charge computed at the quantity rate.
Conditions of service remain the same.
S:RATESHEET2010
APPENDIX L
City of Bakersfield’s Water Shortage Contingency
Ordinance
RESOLUTION 13 – XX (Draft)
RESOLUTION OF THE COUNCIL OF THE CITY OF BAKERSFIELD
TO DECLARE A WATER SHORTAGE EMERGENCY
Pursuant to California Water Code Section 350 el seq., the Council
of the City of Bakersfield shall conduct a noticed public hearing to
establish the criteria for declaring a water shortage emergency.
WHEREAS, the City of Bakersfield Water System serves approximately
43,000 acre-feet of water to customers in its service area;
The City system is capable of producing by groundwater extraction
and treated surface water deliveries from water treatment plants all water
needed to serve its customers;
The demand for water and water service is not expected to lessen;
It is determined that when the amount of water supply available to
the City system for service to its customers falls below the prescribed
amounts set forth in the "Water Shortage Contingency Plan", as
prepared by the City of Bakersfield in response to Assembly Bill No. 11
(September 13, 1991), then the City shall declare that the water
supply will not be adequate to meet the ordinary demands and
requirements of water consumers in the City system.
NOW, THEREFORE, BE IT RESOLVED that the City Council of the City of
Bakersfield hereby directs the City Manager and the Water Resources
Manager to determine the appropriate Stale of Reduction and
implement the City's Water Shortage Contingency Plan.
s/b
MAYOR & COUNCIL OF THE CITY OF BAKERSFIELD
APPENDIX M
DWR Letter Dated June 6, 2013 on BMPs
APPENDIX N
Completed UWMP Checklist
1
Table I-2 Urban Water Management Plan checklist, organized by subject
No. UWMP requirement a
Calif. Water
Code reference Additional clarification UWMP location
PLAN PREPARATION
4 Coordinate the preparation of its plan with other appropriate agencies in
the area, including other water suppliers that share a common source,
water management agencies, and relevant public agencies, to the extent
practicable.
10620(d)(2) Sec 1.2.1; p 1-3;
Table 1; Appendix
C
6 Notify, at least 60 days prior to the public hearing on the plan required by
Section 10642, any city or county within which the supplier provides water
that the urban water supplier will be reviewing the plan and considering
amendments or changes to the plan. Any city or county receiving the
notice may be consulted and provide comments.
10621(b) Sec 1.2.1; p 1-3;
Appendix C
7 Provide supporting documentation that the UWMP or any amendments to,
or changes in, have been adopted as described in Section 10640 et seq.
10621(c) Sec 1.3.1; p 1-5;
Appendix E
54 Provide supporting documentation that the urban water management plan
has been or will be provided to any city or county within which it provides
water, no later than 60 days after the submission of this urban water
management plan.
10635(b) Sec 1.2.2; p 1-3,
1-4
55 Provide supporting documentation that the water supplier has encouraged
active involvement of diverse social, cultural, and economic elements of
the population within the service area prior to and during the preparation
of the plan.
10642 Sec 1.2.3, 1.2.4;
p 1-4, 1-5
56 Provide supporting documentation that the urban water supplier made the
plan available for public inspection and held a public hearing about the
plan. For public agencies, the hearing notice is to be provided pursuant to
Section 6066 of the Government Code. The water supplier is to provide
the time and place of the hearing to any city or county within which the
supplier provides water. Privately-owned water suppliers shall provide an
equivalent notice within its service area.
10642 Sec 1.2.3, 1.2.4;
p 1-4, 1-5;
Appendix D
57 Provide supporting documentation that the plan has been adopted as
prepared or modified.
10642 Sec 1.3.2; p 1-5;
Appendix E
58 Provide supporting documentation as to how the water supplier plans to
implement its plan.
10643 Sec 1.3.3; p 1-5,
1-6
2
No. UWMP requirement a
Calif. Water
Code reference Additional clarification UWMP location
59 Provide supporting documentation that, in addition to submittal to DWR,
the urban water supplier has submitted this UWMP to the California State
Library and any city or county within which the supplier provides water
supplies a copy of its plan no later than 30 days after adoption. This also
includes amendments or changes.
10644(a) Sec 1.3.4; p 1-6
60 Provide supporting documentation that, not later than 30 days after filing a
copy of its plan with the department, the urban water supplier has or will
make the plan available for public review during normal business hours
10645 Sec 1.3.5; p 1-6
SYSTEM DESCRIPTION
8 Describe the water supplier service area. 10631(a) Sec 2.1.1; p 2-1 –
2-3
9 Describe the climate and other demographic factors of the service area of
the supplier
10631(a) Sec 2.1.2, 2.1.3;
p 2-2, 2-3; Tables
2, 3
10 Indicate the current population of the service area 10631(a) Provide the most recent
population data possible. Use
the method described in
“Baseline Daily Per Capita
Water Use.” See Section M.
Sec 2.2; p 2-3, 2-4
11 Provide population projections for 2015, 2020, 2025, and 2030, based on
data from State, regional, or local service area population projections.
10631(a) 2035 and 2040 can also be
provided to support consistency
with Water Supply Assessments
and Written Verification of
Water Supply documents.
p 2-4
12 Describe other demographic factors affecting the supplier’s water
management planning.
10631(a) Sec 2.1.3; p 2-3
SYSTEM DEMANDS
1 Provide baseline daily per capita water use, urban water use target,
interim urban water use target, and compliance daily per capita water use,
along with the bases for determining those estimates, including
references to supporting data.
10608.20(e) Sec 3.1; p 3-1 –
3-7; Table 4
3
No. UWMP requirement a
Calif. Water
Code reference Additional clarification UWMP location
2 Wholesalers: Include an assessment of present and proposed future
measures, programs, and policies to help achieve the water use
reductions. Retailers: Conduct at least one public hearing that includes
general discussion of the urban retail water supplier’s implementation plan
for complying with the Water Conservation Bill of 2009.
10608.36
10608.26(a)
Retailers and wholesalers have
slightly different requirements
Sec 3.5; p 3-10,
Sec 3.6, p 3-11
3 Report progress in meeting urban water use targets using the
standardized form.
10608.40 Sec 3.2; p 3-7
25 Quantify past, current, and projected water use, identifying the uses
among water use sectors, for the following: (A) single-family residential,
(B) multifamily, (C) commercial, (D) industrial, (E) institutional and
governmental, (F) landscape, (G) sales to other agencies, (H) saline
water intrusion barriers, groundwater recharge, conjunctive use, and (I)
agriculture.
10631(e)(1) Consider ‘past’ to be 2005,
present to be 2010, and
projected to be 2015, 2020,
2025, and 2030. Provide
numbers for each category for
each of these years.
Sec 3.3.1; p 3-8,
3-9; Tables 5, 6, 7
33 Provide documentation that either the retail agency provided the
wholesale agency with water use projections for at least 20 years, if the
UWMP agency is a retail agency, OR, if a wholesale agency, it provided
its urban retail customers with future planned and existing water source
available to it from the wholesale agency during the required water-year
types
10631(k) Average year, single dry year,
multiple dry years for 2015,
2020, 2025, and 2030.
Sec 3-4; p 3-9,
3-10; Table 9
34 Include projected water use for single-family and multifamily residential
housing needed for lower income households, as identified in the housing
element of any city, county, or city and county in the service area of the
supplier.
10631.1(a) Sec 3.3.2; p 3-9;
Table 8
SYSTEM SUPPLIES
13 Identify and quantify the existing and planned sources of water available
for 2015, 2020, 2025, and 2030.
10631(b) The ‘existing’ water sources
should be for the same year as
the “current population” in line
10. 2035 and 2040 can also be
provided.
Sec 4.1; p 4-1 –
4-3; Tables 10, 11
14 Indicate whether groundwater is an existing or planned source of water
available to the supplier. If yes, then complete 15 through 21 of the
UWMP Checklist. If no, then indicate “not applicable” in lines 15 through
21 under the UWMP location column.
10631(b) Source classifications are:
surface water, groundwater,
recycled water, storm water,
desalinated sea water,
desalinated brackish
groundwater, and other.
Sec 4.2; p 4-3 –
4-8
4
No. UWMP requirement a
Calif. Water
Code reference Additional clarification UWMP location
15 Indicate whether a groundwater management plan been adopted by the
water supplier or if there is any other specific authorization for
groundwater management. Include a copy of the plan or authorization.
10631(b)(1) Sec 4.2.1; p 4-3 –
4-6
16 Describe the groundwater basin. 10631(b)(2) Sec 4.2; p 4-6
17 Indicate whether the groundwater basin is adjudicated? Include a copy of
the court order or decree.
10631(b)(2) Sec 4.2.1; p 4-3
18 Describe the amount of groundwater the urban water supplier has the
legal right to pump under the order or decree. If the basin is not
adjudicated, indicate “not applicable” in the UWMP location column.
10631(b)(2) Not Applicable
19 For groundwater basins that are not adjudicated, provide information as to
whether DWR has identified the basin or basins as overdrafted or has
projected that the basin will become overdrafted if present management
conditions continue, in the most current official departmental bulletin that
characterizes the condition of the groundwater basin, and a detailed
description of the efforts being undertaken by the urban water supplier to
eliminate the long-term overdraft condition. If the basin is adjudicated,
indicate “not applicable” in the UWMP location column.
10631(b)(2) Sec 4.2.2.1; p 4-6;
Appendix H
20 Provide a detailed description and analysis of the location, amount, and
sufficiency of groundwater pumped by the urban water supplier for the
past five years
10631(b)(3) Sec 4.2.3; p 4-6,
4-7; Table 12
21 Provide a detailed description and analysis of the amount and location of
groundwater that is projected to be pumped.
10631(b)(4) Provide projections for 2015,
2020, 2025, and 2030.
Sec 4.2.4; p 4-7,
4-8; Table 12
24 Describe the opportunities for exchanges or transfers of water on a short-
term or long-term basis.
10631(d) Sec 4.3; p 4-8
30 Include a detailed description of all water supply projects and programs
that may be undertaken by the water supplier to address water supply
reliability in average, single-dry, and multiple-dry years, excluding demand
management programs addressed in (f)(1). Include specific projects,
describe water supply impacts, and provide a timeline for each project.
10631(h) Sec 4.6; p 4-12,
4-13
31 Describe desalinated water project opportunities for long-term supply,
including, but not limited to, ocean water, brackish water, and
groundwater.
10631(i) Sec 4.4; p 4-8, 4-9
44 Provide information on recycled water and its potential for use as a water
source in the service area of the urban water supplier. Coordinate with
local water, wastewater, groundwater, and planning agencies that operate
within the supplier's service area.
10633 Sec 4.5; p 4-9 –
4-12
5
No. UWMP requirement a
Calif. Water
Code reference Additional clarification UWMP location
45 Describe the wastewater collection and treatment systems in the
supplier's service area, including a quantification of the amount of
wastewater collected and treated and the methods of wastewater
disposal.
10633(a) Sec 4.5.1.1; p 4-9,
4-10; Table 13
46 Describe the quantity of treated wastewater that meets recycled water
standards, is being discharged, and is otherwise available for use in a
recycled water project.
10633(b) Sec 4.5.1.1; p 4-9,
4-10; Table 13
47 Describe the recycled water currently being used in the supplier's service
area, including, but not limited to, the type, place, and quantity of use.
10633(c) Sec 4.5.2; p 4-10;
Table 14
48 Describe and quantify the potential uses of recycled water, including, but
not limited to, agricultural irrigation, landscape irrigation, wildlife habitat
enhancement, wetlands, industrial reuse, groundwater recharge, indirect
potable reuse, and other appropriate uses, and a determination with
regard to the technical and economic feasibility of serving those uses.
10633(d) Sec 4.5.3; p 4-10,
4-11; Table 14
49 The projected use of recycled water within the supplier's service area at
the end of 5, 10, 15, and 20 years, and a description of the actual use of
recycled water in comparison to uses previously projected.
10633(e) Sec 4.5.4; p 4-11
50 Describe the actions, including financial incentives, which may be taken to
encourage the use of recycled water, and the projected results of these
actions in terms of acre-feet of recycled water used per year.
10633(f) Sec 4.5.5; p 4-11
51 Provide a plan for optimizing the use of recycled water in the supplier's
service area, including actions to facilitate the installation of dual
distribution systems, to promote recirculating uses, to facilitate the
increased use of treated wastewater that meets recycled water standards,
and to overcome any obstacles to achieving that increased use.
10633(g) Sec 4.5.6; p 4-11,
4-12
WATER SHORTAGE RELIABILITY AND WATER SHORTAGE CONTINGENCY PLANNING b
5 Describe water management tools and options to maximize resources
and minimize the need to import water from other regions.
10620(f) Sec 5.1.1; p 5-1
22 Describe the reliability of the water supply and vulnerability to seasonal or
climatic shortage and provide data for (A) an average water year, (B) a
single dry water year, and (C) multiple dry water years.
10631(c)(1) Sec 5.4.1; p 5-8,
5-9; Table 17
23 For any water source that may not be available at a consistent level of
use - given specific legal, environmental, water quality, or climatic factors
- describe plans to supplement or replace that source with alternative
sources or water demand management measures, to the extent
practicable.
10631(c)(2) Sec 5.1.2; p 5-1 –
5-3
6
No. UWMP requirement a
Calif. Water
Code reference Additional clarification UWMP location
35 Provide an urban water shortage contingency analysis that specifies
stages of action, including up to a 50-percent water supply reduction, and
an outline of specific water supply conditions at each stage
10632(a) Sec 5.4.2; p 5-10;
Tables 18, 19, 20,
21
36 Provide an estimate of the minimum water supply available during each of
the next three water years based on the driest three-year historic
sequence for the agency's water supply.
10632(b) Sec 5.4.3; p 5-11;
Tables 17, 22
37 Identify actions to be undertaken by the urban water supplier to prepare
for, and implement during, a catastrophic interruption of water supplies
including, but not limited to, a regional power outage, an earthquake, or
other disaster.
10632(c) Sec 5.2.1; p 5-3;
Appendix J
38 Identify additional, mandatory prohibitions against specific water use
practices during water shortages, including, but not limited to, prohibiting
the use of potable water for street cleaning.
10632(d) Sec 5.2.2; p 5-4;
Table 15
39 Specify consumption reduction methods in the most restrictive stages.
Each urban water supplier may use any type of consumption reduction
methods in its water shortage contingency analysis that would reduce
water use, are appropriate for its area, and have the ability to achieve a
water use reduction consistent with up to a 50 percent reduction in water
supply.
10632(e) Sec 5.2.3; p 5-4;
Table 16
40 Indicated penalties or charges for excessive use, where applicable. 10632(f) Sec 5.2.4; p 5-4 –
5-6
41 Provide an analysis of the impacts of each of the actions and conditions
described in subdivisions (a) to (f), inclusive, on the revenues and
expenditures of the urban water supplier, and proposed measures to
overcome those impacts, such as the development of reserves and rate
adjustments.
10632(g) Sec 5.2.5; p 5-6;
Appendix K
42 Provide a draft water shortage contingency resolution or ordinance. 10632(h) Sec. 5.2.6; p 5-6,
5-7; Appendix L
43 Indicate a mechanism for determining actual reductions in water use
pursuant to the urban water shortage contingency analysis.
10632(i) Sec 5.4.4; p 5-12
52 Provide information, to the extent practicable, relating to the quality of
existing sources of water available to the supplier over the same five-year
increments, and the manner in which water quality affects water
management strategies and supply reliability
10634 For years 2010, 2015, 2020,
2025, and 2030
Sec 5.3; p 5-7;
Table 12
7
No. UWMP requirement a
Calif. Water
Code reference Additional clarification UWMP location
53 Assess the water supply reliability during normal, dry, and multiple dry
water years by comparing the total water supply sources available to the
water supplier with the total projected water use over the next 20 years, in
five-year increments, for a normal water year, a single dry water year, and
multiple dry water years. Base the assessment on the information
compiled under Section 10631, including available data from state,
regional, or local agency population projections within the service area of
the urban water supplier.
10635(a) Sec 5.4.5; p 5-13
– 5-14; Tables 23,
24, 25
DEMAND MANAGEMENT MEASURES
26 Describe how each water demand management measures is being
implemented or scheduled for implementation. Use the list provided.
10631(f)(1) Discuss each DMM, even if it is
not currently or planned for
implementation. Provide any
appropriate schedules.
Sec 6.1; p 6-1 – 6-
15; Appendix M
27 Describe the methods the supplier uses to evaluate the effectiveness of
DMMs implemented or described in the UWMP.
10631(f)(3) Sec 6.1; p 6-1 – 6-
15
28 Provide an estimate, if available, of existing conservation savings on
water use within the supplier's service area, and the effect of the savings
on the ability to further reduce demand.
10631(f)(4) Sec 6.1; p 6-1 – 6-
15
29 Evaluate each water demand management measure that is not currently
being implemented or scheduled for implementation. The evaluation
should include economic and non-economic factors, cost-benefit analysis,
available funding, and the water suppliers' legal authority to implement the
work.
10631(g) See 10631(g) for additional
wording.
Sec 6.1.14; p 6-15
32 Include the annual reports submitted to meet the Section 6.2
requirements, if a member of the CUWCC and signer of the December
10, 2008 MOU.
10631(j) Signers of the MOU that submit
the annual reports are deemed
compliant with Items 28 and 29.
Sec 6.1; p 6-1 (not
member of
CUWCC)
a The UWMP Requirement descriptions are general summaries of what is provided in the legislation. Urban water suppliers should review the exact legislative wording prior to
submitting its UWMP.
b The Subject classification is provided for clarification only. It is aligned with the organization presented in Part I of this guidebook. A water supplier is free to address the UWMP
Requirement anywhere with its UWMP, but is urged to provide clarification to DWR to facilitate review.