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HomeMy WebLinkAbout02160029_Sec05-08 Noise Project Impacts West Ming Specific Plan - Draft EIR Noise Michael Brandman Associates 5.8-1 H:\Client (PN-JN)\0216\02160029\DEIR 9-1\02160029_Sec05-08 Noise.doc 5.8 - Noise 5.8.1 - Introduction This section evaluates the potential onsite and offsite noise impacts associated with the construction and operation of the West Ming Specific Plan Project. Information in this section is based upon the following: • Environmental Noise Assessment, Brown-Buntin Associates, Inc., February 3, 2004, and revised August 29, 2006. The complete report is contained in Appendix J of the Technical Appendices of the DEIR. • Metropolitan Bakersfield General Plan, December 2002. This document is available for review at the City of Bakersfield Planning Department at 1715 Chester Avenue in Bakersfield, CA 93301. 5.8.2 - Environmental Setting Noise Measurement Scales The standard unit of measurement of the loudness of sound is the decibel (dB). Typical human hearing can detect changes in sound levels of approximately 3 dB under normal conditions. Changes of 1 to 3 dBA are detectable under quiet, controlled conditions, and changes of less than 1 dBA are usually indiscernible. A change of 5 dBA is discernable to most people in an exterior environment while a change of 10 dBA is perceived as doubling of the noise. Several rating scales exist to analyze the adverse effects of noise on a community. The following measurements are used to define noise levels: Day/Night Level (DNL) - This is the 24-hour average level as measured in decibels with an added penalty for people’s increased sensitivity to noise at night from 10 p.m. to 7 a.m. The Environmental Protection Agency identifies 45 DNL indoors and 55 DNL outdoors as the desirable maximum level of noise. Equivalent Noise Level (Leq) - The measurement of sound energy over a specified period of time (usually 1 hour). Leq represents the amount of variable sound energy received by a receptor over a timed interval in a single numerical value. For example, a 1-hour Leq noise level measurement represents the average amount of acoustical energy that occurred in one hour. In addition, variations in sound levels may be addressed by statistical methods. The simplest of these are the maximum (Lmax) and minimum (Lmin) noise levels, which are the highest and lowest levels observed. Other variations include the L50, identifying percentage of time that the noise level standard is exceeded during fifty percent of an hour (i.e. 30 minutes) or the L25 identifying the percentage of time that the noise level standard is exceeded during twenty-five percent of an hour (i.e. 15 minutes), etc. Community Noise Equivalent Level (CNEL) - The CNEL noise metric is based upon 24 hours of measurement, the CNEL measurement applies a time weighted factor that is designed to emphasize Project Impacts Noise West Ming Specific Plan - Draft EIR 5.8-2 Michael Brandman Associates H:\Client (PN-JN)\0216\02160029\DEIR 9-1\02160029_Sec05-08 Noise.doc noise events that occur during the evening (7 p.m. to 10 p.m.) and nighttime (10 p.m. to 7 a.m.) hours. Noise produced during the evening hours are penalized by 5 dBA while noise that occurs during the nighttime hours is penalized by 10 dBA. City of Bakersfield Noise Standards - The applicable noise level standards that apply to this project are contained within the City of Metropolitan Bakersfield General Plan. For noise generated by transportation sources (traffic), the General Plan sets an exterior standard of 65 dB CNEL at the exterior and 45 dB CNEL at the interior of noise sensitive land uses. Noise sensitive land uses include residences, schools, hospitals, and recreational uses. For non-transportation related sources, the Noise Element of the General Plan applies hourly noise level performance at residential and other sensitive land uses. identifies the hourly standards. The standards are applied to any hour the noise source is operating, and are 5 dBA more restrictive during the hours of 10:00 p.m. to 7:00 a.m. A significant noise impact may be assumed if one or more of the five criteria are exceeded. The L50 standard is most useful for noise sources that are relatively steady, while the Lmax best characterizes very sporadic noise sources. Table 5.8-1: Metropolitan Bakersfield 2010 General Plan Hourly Noise Level Standards Maximum Acceptable Noise Level (dBA) Min./Hr. (Ln) 7 AM to 10 PM 10 PM to 7 AM 30 (L50) 55 50 15 (L25) 60 55 5 (L8.3) 65 60 1 (L1.7) 70 65 0 (Lmax) 75 70 Source: Brown-Buntin Associates, Inc., May 2006 Environmental Noise Descriptors Most environmental noise sources produce varying amounts of noise over time, so the measured sound levels also vary. For example, noise produced during an aircraft overflight will vary from relatively quiet background levels before the overflight to a maximum value when the aircraft passes overhead, then returning down to background levels as the aircraft leaves the observer’s vicinity. Similarly, noise from traffic varies with the number and types of vehicles, speed and proximity to the observer. Sound Propagation and Attenuation For purpose of sound propagation, noise sources may be classified as point sources or line sources. Point sources usually are localized, such as a piece of machinery and at a distance sound from such sources will propagate in a spherical pattern. Sound levels from point sources will attenuate or drop- off at the rate of 6 dB for each doubling of distance. Sound from line sources, such as a highway, Project Impacts West Ming Specific Plan - Draft EIR Noise Michael Brandman Associates 5.8-3 H:\Client (PN-JN)\0216\02160029\DEIR 9-1\02160029_Sec05-08 Noise.doc propagate in a cylindrical pattern. Sound levels from line sources will attenuate at the rate of 3 dB per doubling of distance. In addition to attenuation by wave spreading, sound levels also may be attenuated by air and ground absorption, and from shielding by natural or man-made obstacles in the sound path. Noise barriers (walls or earth berms) are features that are commonly constructed to interrupt noise propagation and thereby reduce noise levels. Other factors that will also influence sound propagation are wind and atmospheric temperature inversions. Obviously, all of these factors can work together influencing sound propagation. Existing Noise Sources The project site is used for agricultural purposes with some oil extraction facilities in its southern portion. The primary source of existing noise in the project vicinity is traffic on local roads. Background Noise Level Measurements Background noise level measurements were conducted at an offsite residential location immediately north of White Lane (3205 Hedgeland) for a 24-hour period from January 22-23, 2004. The noise measurement showed that the existing CNEL at the residence is 50.6 dB which is below the City’s outdoor noise standard of 65dB CNEL. The measurement site represents the nearest residential neighborhood that potentially could be impacted by the project. Noise monitoring equipment used for the study consisted of a Larson-Davis Model 820 sound level meter equipped with a B&K Type 4176 1/2” microphone. The instrumentation complies with applicable requirements of the American National Standards Institute (ANSI) for Type 1 (precision) sound level meters, and was calibrated prior to use with a B&K Type 4230 acoustical calibrator to ensure the accuracy of the measurements. Traffic Noise Levels Existing traffic noise levels within the vicinity of the project were calculated using the (FHWA) Traffic Noise Model (TNM). Version 2.5 of the TNM’s Lookup Tables provides a reference of pre- calculated TNM results for simple highway geometries that are adequate for this evaluation. The Lookup Tables assume an infinitely long, straight highway over flat ground. Where existing noise barriers (walls or structures) are present, the noise barrier routine of the Lookup Tables was used to calculate typical insertion loss (noise reduction) values for the noise barriers. For a typical 6-foot wall along most roads, the reduction is about 5 dB. Traffic volumes that were used were obtained from the Traffic Impact Study prepared by McIntosh and Associates (see Appendix J for the traffic data used). Other traffic inputs into the TNM were obtained from field observations or from data collected for the Metropolitan Bakersfield General Plan. Table 5.8-2 shows existing traffic noise levels along roadways in the vicinity of the project site. Project Impacts Noise West Ming Specific Plan - Draft EIR 5.8-4 Michael Brandman Associates H:\Client (PN-JN)\0216\02160029\DEIR 9-1\02160029_Sec05-08 Noise.doc Table 5.8-2: Existing Off Site Traffic Noise Levels Roadway Roadway Segment Traffic Noise Level, (dB,CNEL) Hageman Road West of Heath N/A Heath to Renfro N/A Renfro to Jenkins 46.7 Jenkins to Allen 52.3 Allen to Calloway 56.3 Rosedale Highway Enos to Nord 61.6 Nord to Heath 62.3 Heath to Renfro 63.4 Renfro to Jenkins 57.4 Jenkins to Allen 58.4 Allen to Jewetta 60.5 Jewetta to Calloway 61.3 Calloway to Coffee 62.7 Brimhall Road Renfro to Jenkins 55.9 Jenkins to Allen 58.5 Allen to Jewetta 54.7 Jewetta to Calloway 57.8 Calloway to Coffee 59.4 Stockdale Highway West of Enos 60.4 Enos to Nord 56.1 Nord to Wegis 56.7 Wegis to Heath 57.7 Heath to Renfro 58.0 Renfro to Allen 61.4 Allen to Buena Vista 60.9 Buena Vista to Old River 59.1 Old River to Gosford 61.0 Gosford to Ashe 62.1 Ashe to New Stine 62.7 East of New Stine 67.3 Nord Road North of Rosedale 48.7 Rosedale to Brimhall 57.4 Project Impacts West Ming Specific Plan - Draft EIR Noise Michael Brandman Associates 5.8-5 H:\Client (PN-JN)\0216\02160029\DEIR 9-1\02160029_Sec05-08 Noise.doc Table 5.8-2 (Cont.): Existing Off Site Traffic Noise Levels Roadway Roadway Segment Traffic Noise Level, (dB,CNEL) Brimhall to Stockdale 56.1 Heath Road North of Hageman 48.7 Hageman to Rosedale 48.7 Rosedale to Brimhall 57.4 Brimhall to Stockdale 56.8 Renfro Road North of Hageman 50.4 Hageman to Rosedale 53.5 Rosedale to Brimhall 57.1 Brimhall to Stockdale 51.7 Jenkins Road Hageman to Rosedale 50.4 Rosedale to Brimhall 51.3 Allen Road North of Hageman 49.4 Hageman to Rosedale 55.3 Rosedale to Brimhall 55.7 Brimall to Westside Pkwy WB Ramps 55.9 Westside Pkwy WB Ramps to Westside Pkwy EB Ramps 55.9 Westside Pkwy EB Ramps to Stockdale 55.9 Stockdale to Ming 56.1 South Allen Road Ming to Chamber N/A Chamber to White N/A Pacheco to Harris N/A Harris to Panama N/A Panama to McCutchen N/A McCutchen to Taft N/A Jewetta Avenue North of Hageman 53.6 Hageman to Rosedale 54.7 Rosedale to Brimhall 53.7 Brimhall to Stockdale 54.0 Ming Avenue West Beltway to Ming Project Entrance N/A Ming Project Entrance to South Allen N/A South Allen to Buena Vista N/A Project Impacts Noise West Ming Specific Plan - Draft EIR 5.8-6 Michael Brandman Associates H:\Client (PN-JN)\0216\02160029\DEIR 9-1\02160029_Sec05-08 Noise.doc Table 5.8-2 (Cont.): Existing Off Site Traffic Noise Levels Roadway Roadway Segment Traffic Noise Level, (dB,CNEL) Buena Vista to Old River 57.6 Old River to Gosford 61.3 Gosford to Ashe 62.2 Ashe to New Stine 64.1 New Stine to “Old” Stine 63.4 “Old” Stine to Real 63.4 Real to Wible 63.4 East of Wible 61.9 White Lane West Beltway to South Allen N/A South Allen to East White Project Entrance N/A East White Project Entrance to Buena Vista N/A Buena Vista to Old River 57.2 Old River to Gosford 59.8 Gosford to Ashe 62.0 Ashe to Stine 62.0 Stine to Wible 63.6 Wible to SB 99 Ramps 62.7 SB 99 Ramps to NB 99 Ramps 61.6 NB 99 Ramps to South “H” 60.1 Panama Lane West of Buena Vista 57.1 Buena Vista to Old River 53.5 Old River to Gosford 54.1 Gosford to Ashe 54.1 Ashe to Stine 56.5 Stine to Wible 58.0 Wible to SB 99 Ramps 59.8 SB 99 Ramps to NB 99 Ramps 59.7 East of NB 99 Ramps 59.6 Buena Vista Road Stockdale to Ming 58.3 Ming to Chamber 52.4 Chamber to White 52.4 White to Campus Park 52.1 Project Impacts West Ming Specific Plan - Draft EIR Noise Michael Brandman Associates 5.8-7 H:\Client (PN-JN)\0216\02160029\DEIR 9-1\02160029_Sec05-08 Noise.doc Table 5.8-2 (Cont.): Existing Off Site Traffic Noise Levels Roadway Roadway Segment Traffic Noise Level, (dB,CNEL) Campus Park to South Project Entrance 52.1 South Project Entrance to Panama 52.1 Panama to McCutchen 48.1 McCutchen to Taft 48.1 Calloway Drive North of Hageman 49.1 Hageman to Rosedale 59.8 Rosedale to Brimhall 59.4 Brimall to Westside Pkwy WB Ramps 59.5 Westside Pkwy WB Ramps to Westside Pkwy EB Ramps 59.5 Westside Pkwy EB Ramps to Stockdale 59.5 Old River Road Stockdale to Ming 58.9 Ming to White 60.7 White to Pacheco 60.4 Pacheco to Panama N/A Panama to McCutchen 40.7 McCutchen to Taft 40.7 South of Taft 54.0 Coffee North of Rosedale 64.7 Rosedale to Brimhall 61.8 Brimhall to West Side Pkwy WB Ramps 68.6 West Side Pkwy WB Ramps to West Side Pkwy EB Ramps 68.6 West Side Pkwy EB Ramps to Stockdale 68.6 Gosford Road Stockdale to Ming 62.2 Ming to White 60.1 White to Pacheco 58.5 Pacheco to Harris 57.3 Harris to Panama 56.0 Panama to McCutchen 54.2 McCutchen to Taft 54.2 Taft Highway West of Buena Vista 59.3 Buena Vista to Old River 59.7 Project Impacts Noise West Ming Specific Plan - Draft EIR 5.8-8 Michael Brandman Associates H:\Client (PN-JN)\0216\02160029\DEIR 9-1\02160029_Sec05-08 Noise.doc Table 5.8-2 (Cont.): Existing Off Site Traffic Noise Levels Roadway Roadway Segment Traffic Noise Level, (dB,CNEL) Old River to Gosford 61.7 Gosford to Ashe 59.1 Enos Lane North of Rosedale 62.5 Rosedale to Brimhall 57.5 Brimhall to Stockdale 57.7 South of Stockdale 57.7 Ashe Stockdale to Ming 54.3 Ming to White 58.7 White to Panama 56.9 Panama to McCutchen 45.7 McCutchen to Taft 45.7 New Stine Road / Stine Road Stockdale to Ming 61.9 Ming to White 61.0 White to Panama 58.4 Panama to Taft 54.7 Note: Noise levels calculated at 25 feet from right of way N/A: Not applicable because no traffic volumes were recorded on the roadway segment or the roadway segment did not exist. Source: Brown-Buntin, Associates, Inc., May 2006 As shown in Table 5.8-2, existing traffic noise levels along Coffee Road from Brimhall Road to Stockdale Highway exceed the 65 dB CNEL compatibility standard. Railroad Noise Levels The San Joaquin Valley Railroad (SJVRR) Buttonwillow Branch line is located along the south boundary of the project site. According to SJVRR, two train operations (1 outbound trip and 1 inbound trip) currently operate on the Buttonwillow Branch line. The trains usually pass by the project site from 7:00 a.m. to 7:00 p.m., but times can be highly variable. The Sound Exposure Level (SEL) of a slow moving freight train is typically 98-101 dBA at 50 feet, based on Brown-Buntin Associates, Inc. file data. Based on this range of typical SEL’s and the number of train operations, the CNEL of the trains at 50 feet would be 52-55 dB. The distance to the 65 dB CNEL City compatibility criterion would be approximately 7-11 feet from the tracks. The 65 dB CNEL contour will be within the existing railroad right-of-way and therefore does not exceed the City’s 65 dB CNEL compatibility standard. Project Impacts West Ming Specific Plan - Draft EIR Noise Michael Brandman Associates 5.8-9 H:\Client (PN-JN)\0216\02160029\DEIR 9-1\02160029_Sec05-08 Noise.doc Oil Wells Oils wells and extraction facilities are located near the West Ming Specific Plan area and are located in the central and southern portion of the project site. These wells are typically powered by internal combustion engines, which can produce substantial sources of stationary noise. Noise levels from oil wells powered by internal combustion engines can range from 73-74 dBA at 25 feet (BBA file data). These noise levels can exceed the City’s noise performance standard and therefore be significant. 5.8.3 - Thresholds of Significance According to Appendix G of the State CEQA Guidelines, a project would normally have a significant effect on the environment if it would: • Exposure of persons to or generation of noise levels in excess of standards established in the local general plan or noise ordinance, or applicable standards of other agencies; • Exposure of persons to or generation of excessive groundborne vibration or groundborne noise levels; • A substantial permanent increase in ambient noise levels in the project vicinity above levels existing without the project; • A substantial temporary or periodic increase in ambient noise levels in the project vicinity above levels existing without the project; • For a project located within an airport land use plan or, where such a plan has not been adopted, within two miles of a public airport or public use airport, would the project expose people residing or working in the project area to excessive noise levels; or • For a project within the vicinity of a private airstrip, would the project expose people residing or working in the project area to excessive noise levels. The City of Bakersfield has established noise standards related to transportation noise sources for noise sensitive uses such as residences and schools for outdoor and indoor areas. These noise level standards are 65dB CNEL for outdoor areas and 45 dB CNEL for indoor areas. The City of Bakersfield does not have regulations that define acceptable levels of vibration. One of the most recent references suggesting vibration standards is the Federal Transit Administration’s (FTA) publication concerning noise and vibration impact assessment from transit activities; this publication is the Transit Noise and Vibration Impact Assessment prepared in 1995. The term “vibration decibel” (VdB) is used by the FTA. To prevent vibration annoyance in residences, a level of 80 VdB or less is suggested when there are fewer than 70 vibration events per day. A level of 100 VdB or less is suggested to prevent damage to fragile buildings. The CEQA Guidelines provide no definition of what constitutes a substantial noise increase; however the City of Bakersfield Noise Element has been recently amended to address substantial changes in Project Impacts Noise West Ming Specific Plan - Draft EIR 5.8-10 Michael Brandman Associates H:\Client (PN-JN)\0216\02160029\DEIR 9-1\02160029_Sec05-08 Noise.doc noise levels that may be caused by a project. The thresholds below generally apply to transportation noise that is usually expressed in terms of average noise exposure during a 24-hour period, such as the Day/Night Average Level (Ldn) or CNEL. Changes in noise levels that exceed those outlined in the thresholds below and affect existing noise sensitive land uses (receptors) are considered to be substantial and therefore would constitute a significant noise impact. The project will have a significant noise related impact if it would: • Increase noise levels by 5 dB or more where the existing noise level is less than 60 dB; • Increase noise levels by 3 dB or more where the existing noise level is 60 to 65 dB; or • Increase noise levels by 1.5 dB or more where the existing noise level is greater than 65 dB. 5.8.4 - Project Impacts and Mitigation Measures Long Term Operational Impacts Impact 5.8.A: Sensitive uses within the project site would be exposed to noise levels that exceed the established City of Bakersfield noise thresholds. Traffic Noise Impacts within the Project Site The development of the proposed land uses would be exposed to traffic noise levels generated from on- and off-site. Using traffic data provided by McIntosh and Associates, an analysis was conducted to identify the future traffic noise exposures that would occur at the project site by the Year 2015 and Year 2030 (see Table 5.8-5). As shown in Table 5.8-5, one roadway segment in 2015 and four roadway segments in 2030 would expose adjacent sensitive uses to greater than 65 dB CNEL. An exceedance of 65 dB CNEL on the on-site sensitive uses such as residences and schools would be a significant noise impact. In addition, standard residential building construction is typically assumed to provide a noise reduction of 20 dB with doors and windows closed. Applying this to the exterior noise levels identified in Table 5.8-3, it may be concluded that the City’s interior CNEL standard of 45 dB may be exceeded at some of the proposed homes and potentially schools adjacent to South Allen Road, and White Lane. Therefore, the potential noise impact would be considered significant. Project Impacts West Ming Specific Plan - Draft EIR Noise Michael Brandman Associates 5.8-11 H:\Client (PN-JN)\0216\02160029\DEIR 9-1\02160029_Sec05-08 Noise.doc Table 5.8-3: 2015 and 2030 Traffic Noise Levels on the Project Site 2015a 2030a Roadway Roadway Segment No Project With Project Potentially Significant Impact? No Project With Project Potentially Significant Impact? Ming to Chamber 57.7 59.6 No 60.5 62.5 No Chamber to White 57.7 60.0 No 60.4 62.8 No White to Campus Park 59.2 60.8 No 62.0 63.7 No South Allen Road Campus Park to Pacheco 59.2 60.6 No 62.0 63.5 No West Beltway to Ming Project Entrance 58.2 59.7 No 61.0 62.5 No Ming Avenue Ming Project Entrance to South Allen 53.2 57.6 No 56.0 60.5 No White to Campus Park 58.5 61.1 No 60.8 63.7 No Campus Park to South Project Entrance 58.5 59.9 No 60.8 62.3 No Buena Vista Road South Project Entrance to Panama 58.6 59.6 No 60.9 62.0 No West Beltway to South Allen 61.4 62.3 No 64.1 65.1 Yes White Lane South Allen to East White Project Entrance 57.6 58.1 No 60.3 60.8 No North of White Lane 70.4b 70.2b Yes 70.4b 70.4b Yes West Beltway South of White Lane 70.4b 70.2b Yes 70.4b 70.2b Yes a Assumes that a 6-foot high wall will be located along the streets adjacent to sensitive receptors. b Based on 2030 Traffic Data. Note: Noise levels calculated at 25 feet from right of way Source: Brown-Buntin, Associates, Inc., May 2006. Mitigation Measures 5.8.A.1 Prior to tentative tract map approval, a noise analysis shall be conducted to determine the setbacks and/or noise barriers that are required to comply with the City’s 65 dB CNEL exterior and 45 dB CNEL interior noise standards along West Beltway, and White Lane. It is assumed that a 6-foot high soundwalls and/or setbacks on the project site along South Allen Road, Ming Avenue, and Buena Vista Road, would be Project Impacts Noise West Ming Specific Plan - Draft EIR 5.8-12 Michael Brandman Associates H:\Client (PN-JN)\0216\02160029\DEIR 9-1\02160029_Sec05-08 Noise.doc adequate to reduce onsite noise levels to meet the City’s exterior and interior noise level standards. Furthermore, if interior noise standards are to be met with windows and doors closed, the specific proposed residential and/or school buildings that require mechanical ventilation shall be determined in a noise analysis. Specific lot design and site grading would need to be evaluated in the noise analysis to determine the specific noise attenuation recommendations. Level of Significance After Mitigation Less than significant. Railroad Operations Impact 5.8.B: The proposed project would experience railroad noise levels from the adjacent San Joaquin Valley Railroad Buttonwillow Branch line. The proposed project includes residential, office, commercial, and special use district land uses that could be constructed adjacent to the existing SJVRR Buttonwillow Branch line located along the south boundary of the project site. As previously stated, the SEL of a slow moving freight train is typically 98-101 dBA at 50 feet. Based on this range of typical SEL’s and the current railroad operations, the CNEL of the trains at 50 feet would be 52-55 dB. The distance to the 65 dB CNEL City compatibility criterion would be approximately 7-11 feet from the railroad tracks. The 65 dB CNEL contour will be within the existing railroad right-of-way. Therefore, the proposed project would not be exposed to noise railroad noise levels in excess of the City’s 65 dB CNEL compatibility standard. Therefore, the project would experience a less than significant railroad noise impact. Mitigation Measures No mitigation measures are required. Level of Significance After Mitigation Less than significant. Commercial/Light Industrial Operations Impact 5.8.C: The proposed project could experience noise levels from future onsite commercial and light industrial activities. The proposed project includes commercial and light industrial uses that may generate noise levels that create a significant impact on adjacent sensitive land uses on the project site. A wide variety of noise sources can be associated with commercial and industrial uses. Noise levels can also range widely. Typical examples of noise sources are: • Fans and blowers • Truck deliveries • Loading Docks • Compactors Project Impacts West Ming Specific Plan - Draft EIR Noise Michael Brandman Associates 5.8-13 H:\Client (PN-JN)\0216\02160029\DEIR 9-1\02160029_Sec05-08 Noise.doc • Saws, routers, grinders • Machine shop equipment Noise levels from the proposed commercial and industrial land uses cannot be predicted with certainty at this time since no specific uses have been proposed. However, under some circumstances there is potential for these onsite uses to exceed the City’s noise standards and, therefore, be significant. Mitigation Measures 5.8.C.1 Prior to site plan approval for commercial and industrial uses adjacent to residential uses, the project applicant shall conduct a noise study to determine the appropriate measures to reduce potential noise levels to meet the City’s noise level performance standards. If commercial and industrial uses are proposed adjacent to residential uses, appropriate measures would include setbacks, sound barrier, or a combination of both. 5.8.C.2 Prior to City approval (conditional use permit, site plan, building permit, fire department permit, etc.) for the construction of an oil well adjacent to sensitive land uses, the project applicant shall conduct a noise study to determine the appropriate measures to reduce potential noise levels to meet the City’s noise level performance standards. If oil wells are proposed adjacent to existing sensitive land uses, the engines associated with the oil wells could be converted to electric motors, sound barriers could be used, or setbacks could be established. Level of Significance After Mitigation Less than significant. Park Noise Impact 5.8.D: The proposed project could experience noise levels from future onsite parks. The proposed project includes passive and active parks. Passive parks do not include active, organized sports and, therefore, no substantial noise levels would occur in passive parks. Passive parks are proposed in Villages A, C, D, E and F. The project includes one 15-acre active park proposed in Village B. This park could include organized sports. Noise levels from organized sport activities, like baseball, softball or soccer, could be substantial depending on the distance from the activity to adjacent sensitive uses. Measurements conducted at a Little League baseball game indicated that noise levels at 150-300 from home plate ranged from L50 54-58 dBA and Lmax values from 66-72 dBA. If sensitive uses are within these distances, noise levels would exceed the City’s performance standards and, therefore constitute a significant noise impact. Project Impacts Noise West Ming Specific Plan - Draft EIR 5.8-14 Michael Brandman Associates H:\Client (PN-JN)\0216\02160029\DEIR 9-1\02160029_Sec05-08 Noise.doc Mitigation Measures 5.8.D.1 Prior to tentative tract map approval for the proposed active park and related park facilities adjacent to sensitive uses, the project applicant shall conduct a noise study to determine the appropriate measures to reduce potential noise levels to meet the City’s noise level performance standards. If the proposed active parks or related park facilities are proposed adjacent to sensitive use areas, appropriate measures would include setbacks, sound barrier, or a combination of both. Level of Significance After Mitigation Less than significant. Short Term Construction Vibration Impacts Impact 5.8.E: Construction activities associated with the proposed project may expose persons to the generation of excessive groundborne vibration or groundborne noise levels. Groundborne vibration is measured in terms of the velocity of the vibration oscillations. As with noise, a logarithmic decibel scale (VdB) is used to quantify vibration intensity. When groundborne vibration exceeds 80 VdB, it is usually perceived as annoying. Typically, vibration must exceed 100 VdB before building damage occurs. The primary vibratory source during the construction of the project could be large bulldozers and loaded trucks. Typical bulldozer or loaded truck activities generate an approximate vibration level of 86-87 VdB at a distance of 25 feet. As development is phased throughout the site, construction activities will continually be moved so that no one home or group of homes would be continually exposed to construction ground vibration throughout the 20-year build-out period. Due to the continual movement of construction activities, onsite residences would be temporarily exposed to construction groundborne vibration. The nearest existing residences to future construction activities on the project site are approximately 110 feet, and these residences are located along South Allen Road and White Lane. Both of these roadways include future rights-of-way of 110 feet. Therefore, construction activities on the site would be 110 feet and farther from the existing residences. However, these existing residences would be exposed to groundborne vibration levels during construction activities associated with White Lane and South Allen Road. Both of these roadways would be improved to a 6-lane arterial, and the existing residences would be approximately 50 feet from the future construction activities of these roadways. Construction activities associated with the proposed project could temporarily result in annoyance for nearby residences; therefore, these activities could result in significant groundborne vibration impacts. Project Impacts West Ming Specific Plan - Draft EIR Noise Michael Brandman Associates 5.8-15 H:\Client (PN-JN)\0216\02160029\DEIR 9-1\02160029_Sec05-08 Noise.doc Mitigation Measures 5.8.E.1 Prior to grading plan approval, the grading plans shall state that construction activities associated with development of the project site would be required to be in conformance with Section 9.22.050 of the City of Bakersfield Municipal Code which limits construction to the hours of 6 a.m. to 9 p.m. on weekdays, and between 8 a.m. and 9 p.m. on weekends, where construction occurs less than 1,000 feet from residences. 5.8.E.2 Prior to grading plan approval, the grading plans shall state that construction equipment shall be equipped with mufflers and maintained in accordance with the equipments’ factory specifications. During construction activities, the construction equipment muffler and maintenance records shall be onsite. Level of Significance After Mitigation Less than significant. Off Site Traffic Noise Impacts Impact 5.8.F: Land uses outside the project site would be exposed to noise levels that result in a substantial permanent increase in ambient noise levels. Implementation of the proposed project would result in the addition of traffic volumes on the roadway system in the vicinity of the project site. Using traffic data provided by McIntosh and Associates, an analysis was conducted to identify the estimated future CNEL generated by traffic, and indicates whether the increase above future ambient (i.e., without project) traffic is substantial as defined by the City’s Noise Element. As shown in Table 5.8-4, no offsite roadways would experience a substantial increase in future year 2015 ambient noise levels; whereas, one offsite roadway segments (Calloway Drive from Westside Parkway Westbound to Eastbound ramps) would experience a substantial noise increase. However, since the segment is located between two on-ramps and off-ramps of the Westside Parkway, no significant noise impact would occur along this segment because no sensitive uses are planned to be located along this segment. In summary, implementation of the proposed project result in less than significant noise impacts Project Impacts West Ming Specific Plan - Draft EIR Noise 5.8-16 Michael Brandman Associates H:\Client (PN-JN)\0216\02160029\DEIR 9-1\02160029_Sec05-08 Noise.doc Table 5.8-4: 2015 and 2030 Offsite Traffic Noise Levels 2015 2030 CNEL, dB CNEL, dB Roadway Roadway Segment No Project With Project Change Potentially Significant Impact? No Project With Project Change Potentially Significant Impact? Hageman Road West of Heath 42.7 43.3 0.6 No 45.4 46.1 0.7 No Heath to Renfro 49.5 49.8 0.3 No 52.3 52.6 0.3 No Renfro to Jenkins 51.6 51.6 0.0 No 53.7 53.6 -0.1 No Jenkins to Allen 54.0 54.0 0.0 No 55.1 55.1 0.0 No Allen to Calloway 58.5 58.5 0.0 No 59.8 59.8 0.0 No Rosedale Highway Enos to Nord 62.9 62.9 0.0 No 63.7 63.8 0.1 No Nord to Heath 63.9 64.0 0.1 No 64.9 65.0 0.1 No Heath to Renfro 63.8 63.9 0.1 No 64.2 64.3 0.1 No Renfro to Jenkins 57.6 57.6 0.0 No 57.7 57.7 0.0 No Jenkins to Allen 57.8 57.8 0.0 No 57.2 57.2 0.0 No Allen to Jewetta 60.9 60.9 0.0 No 61.3 61.3 0.0 No Jewetta to Calloway 61.8 61.8 0.0 No 62.1 62.1 0.0 No Calloway to Coffee 63.7 63.7 0.0 No 64.4 64.4 0.0 No Brimhall Road Renfro to Jenkins 58.6 58.6 0.0 No 60.1 60.1 0.0 No Jenkins to Allen 60.5 60.5 0.0 No 61.8 61.8 0.0 No Allen to Jewetta 54.6 54.7 0.1 No 54.6 54.7 0.1 No Jewetta to Calloway 59.2 59.2 0.0 No 60.1 60.2 0.1 No Calloway to Coffee 60.4 60.6 0.2 No 61.2 61.4 0.2 No Project Impacts West Ming Specific Plan - Draft EIR Noise 5.8-17 Michael Brandman Associates H:\Client (PN-JN)\0216\02160029\DEIR 9-1\02160029_Sec05-08 Noise.doc Table 5.8-4 (Cont.): 2015 and 2030 Offsite Traffic Noise Levels 2015 2030 CNEL, dB CNEL, dB Roadway Roadway Segment No Project With Project Change Potentially Significant Impact? No Project With Project Change Potentially Significant Impact? Stockdale Highway West of Enos 62.7 62.7 0.0 No 64.0 64.1 0.1 No Enos to Nord 59.0 59.1 0.1 No 60.6 60.7 0.1 No Nord to Wegis 59.8 59.9 0.1 No 61.4 61.5 0.1 No Wegis to Heath 60.0 60.1 0.0 No 61.4 61.5 0.1 No Heath to Renfro 55.4 55.4 0.0 No 50.0 49.1 -0.9 No Renfro to Allen 59.6 59.6 0.0 No 57.0 56.9 -0.1 No Allen to Buena Vista 60.4 60.4 0.0 No 59.8 60.0 0.2 No Buena Vista to Old River 61.3 62.2 0.9 No 62.6 63.9 1.3 No Old River to Gosford 61.5 61.8 0.3 No 61.9 62.4 0.5 No Gosford to Ashe 62.7 62.8 0.1 No 63.2 63.4 0.2 No Ashe to New Stine 63.2 63.3 0.1 No 63.6 63.7 0.1 No East of New Stine 68.3 68.3 0.0 No 69.0 69.0 0.0 No Nord Road North of Rosedale 52.1 52.1 0.0 No 53.8 53.8 0.0 No Rosedale to Brimhall 55.0 55.0 0.0 No 50.4 50.4 0.0 No Brimhall to Stockdale 53.8 53.8 0.0 No 49.7 49.7 0.0 No Heath Road North of Hageman 50.5 50.5 0.0 No 51.7 51.7 0.0 No Hageman to Rosedale 47.3 47.3 0.0 No 45.7 45.7 0.0 No Rosedale to Brimhall 57.2 57.2 0.0 No 57.0 56.6 -0.3 No Brimhall to Stockdale 58.7 58.8 0.1 No 59.8 60.0 0.2 No Project Impacts West Ming Specific Plan - Draft EIR Noise 5.8-18 Michael Brandman Associates H:\Client (PN-JN)\0216\02160029\DEIR 9-1\02160029_Sec05-08 Noise.doc Table 5.8-4 (Cont.): 2015 and 2030 Offsite Traffic Noise Levels 2015 2030 CNEL, dB CNEL, dB Roadway Roadway Segment No Project With Project Change Potentially Significant Impact? No Project With Project Change Potentially Significant Impact? Renfro Road North of Hageman 58.3 58.5 0.2 No 60.7 60.9 0.2 No Hageman to Rosedale 57.9 57.9 0.0 No 59.8 59.8 0.0 No Rosedale to Brimhall 58.2 58.2 0.0 No 59.0 59.0 0.0 No Brimhall to Stockdale 57.2 57.2 0.0 No 59.3 59.2 -0.1 No Jenkins Road Hageman to Rosedale 54.1 54.1 0.0 No 55.9 55.9 0.0 No Rosedale to Brimhall 53.2 53.2 0.0 No 54.4 54.4 0.0 No Allen Road North of Hageman 51.8 51.9 0.1 No 53.2 53.3 0.1 No Hageman to Rosedale 60.2 60.3 0.1 No 62.3 62.3 0.0 No Rosedale to Brimhall 59.7 59.9 0.2 No 61.6 61.7 0.2 No Brimall to Westside Pkwy WB Ramps 60.6 60.7 0.1 No 62.6 62.7 0.2 No Westside Pkwy WB Ramps to Westside Pkwy EB Ramps 60.5 60.9 0.4 No 62.4 63.0 0.6 No Westside Pkwy EB Ramps to Stockdale 60.4 61.3 0.9 No 62.4 63.5 1.1 No Stockdale to Ming 59.0 60.5 1.5 No 60.5 62.6 2.1 No South Allen Road Ming to Chamber 57.7 59.6 1.9 No 60.5 62.5 2.0 No Chamber to White 57.7 60.0 2.3 No 60.4 62.8 2.4 No Pacheco to Harris 60.8 61.5 0.7 No 63.5 64.3 0.8 No Harris to Panama 59.0 59.5 0.5 No 61.8 62.2 0.4 No Project Impacts West Ming Specific Plan - Draft EIR Noise 5.8-19 Michael Brandman Associates H:\Client (PN-JN)\0216\02160029\DEIR 9-1\02160029_Sec05-08 Noise.doc Table 5.8-4 (Cont.): 2015 and 2030 Offsite Traffic Noise Levels 2015 2030 CNEL, dB CNEL, dB Roadway Roadway Segment No Project With Project Change Potentially Significant Impact? No Project With Project Change Potentially Significant Impact? Panama to McCutchen 54.0 54.2 0.2 No 56.7 57.0 0.3 No McCutchen to Taft 49.7 49.9 0.2 No 52.4 52.6 0.2 No Jewetta Avenue North of Hageman 56.5 56.5 0.0 No 58.0 58.1 0.1 No Hageman to Rosedale 56.7 56.8 0.1 No 58.0 58.1 0.1 No Rosedale to Brimhall 56.3 56.4 0.1 No 57.7 58.0 0.3 No Brimhall to Stockdale 54.4 55.1 0.7 No 54.7 56.0 1.3 No Ming Ave West Beltway to Ming Project Entrance 58.2 59.7 1.5 No 61.0 62.5 1.5 No Ming Project Entrance to South Allen 53.2 57.6 4.4 No 56.0 60.5 4.5 No South Allen to Buena Vista 56.2 57.8 1.6 No 58.9 60.7 1.8 No Buena Vista to Old River 60.7 61.6 0.9 No 62.4 63.5 1.1 No Old River to Gosford 63.0 63.4 0.4 No 64.1 64.6 0.5 No Gosford to Ashe 63.4 63.6 0.2 No 64.3 64.6 0.3 No Ashe to New Stine 64.9 65.0 0.1 No 65.5 65.6 0.2 No New Stine to “Old” Stine 63.9 64.1 0.2 No 64.4 64.6 0.2 No “Old” Stine to Real 64.1 64.1 0.0 No 65.5 65.7 0.1 No Real to Wible 63.8 63.9 0.1 No 64.1 64.2 0.1 No East of Wible 63.0 63.1 0.1 No 63.9 63.9 0.0 No Project Impacts West Ming Specific Plan - Draft EIR Noise 5.8-20 Michael Brandman Associates H:\Client (PN-JN)\0216\02160029\DEIR 9-1\02160029_Sec05-08 Noise.doc Table 5.8-4 (Cont.): 2015 and 2030 Offsite Traffic Noise Levels 2015 2030 CNEL, dB CNEL, dB Roadway Roadway Segment No Project With Project Change Potentially Significant Impact? No Project With Project Change Potentially Significant Impact? White Lane South Allen to East White Project Entrance 57.6 58.1 0.5 No 60.3 60.8 0.5 No East White Project Entrance to Buena Vista 57.6 58.1 0.5 No 60.3 60.9 0.6 No Buena Vista to Old River 59.2 60.2 1.0 No 60.4 61.9 1.5 No Old River to Gosford 61.9 62.4 0.5 No 63.2 63.9 0.7 No Gosford to Ashe 63.7 63.8 0.1 No 64.8 65.0 0.2 No Ashe to Stine 63.3 63.4 0.1 No 64.1 64.3 0.2 No Stine to Wible 64.3 64.4 0.1 No 64.9 64.9 0.0 No Wible to SB 99 Ramps 64.4 64.4 0.0 No 65.4 65.5 0.1 No SB 99 Ramps to NB 99 Ramps 62.2 62.1 0.1 No 62.5 62.6 0.1 No NB 99 Ramps to South “H” 61.3 61.3 0.0 No 62.1 62.2 0.1 No Panama Lane West of Buena Vista 65.3 65.3 0.0 No 67.8 67.6 -0.2 No Buena Vista to Old River 65.9 65.9 0.0 No 68.5 68.6 0.1 No Old River to Gosford 65.9 65.9 0.0 No 68.5 68.4 -0.1 No Gosford to Ashe 62.3 62.4 0.1 No 64.7 64.9 0.2 No Ashe to Stine 62.4 62.5 0.1 No 64.6 64.7 0.1 No Stine to Wible 63.1 63.1 0.0 No 65.1 65.2 0.1 No Wible to SB 99 Ramps 63.4 63.4 0.1 No 65.1 65.2 0.1 No Project Impacts West Ming Specific Plan - Draft EIR Noise 5.8-21 Michael Brandman Associates H:\Client (PN-JN)\0216\02160029\DEIR 9-1\02160029_Sec05-08 Noise.doc Table 5.8-4 (Cont.): 2015 and 2030 Offsite Traffic Noise Levels 2015 2030 CNEL, dB CNEL, dB Roadway Roadway Segment No Project With Project Change Potentially Significant Impact? No Project With Project Change Potentially Significant Impact? SB 99 Ramps to NB 99 Ramps 61.9 61.9 0.0 No 63.1 63.2 0.1 No East of NB 99 Ramps 62.2 62.2 0.0 No 63.6 63.6 0.0 No Buena Vista Road Stockdale to Ming 61.4 62.3 1.0 No 63.0 64.3 1.3 No Ming to Chamber 59.8 61.4 1.6 No 62.1 63.9 1.8 No Chamber to White 59.9 61.2 1.3 No 62.2 63.8 1.6 No White to Campus Park 58.5 61.1 2.6 No 60.8 63.7 2.9 No Campus Park to South Project Entrance 58.5 59.9 1.4 No 60.8 62.3 1.5 No South Project Entrance to Panama 58.6 59.6 1.0 No 60.9 62.0 1.1 No Panama to McCutchen 59.4 59.5 0.1 No 62.0 62.1 0.1 No McCutchen to Taft 54.6 54.8 0.2 No 56.9 57.1 0.2 No Calloway Drive North of Hageman 59.7 59.7 0.0 No 62.3 62.2 -0.1 No Hageman to Rosedale 62.3 62.4 0.1 No 63.8 63.9 0.1 No Rosedale to Brimhall 62.2 62.3 0.1 No 63.7 63.9 0.2 No Brimall to Westside Pkwy WB Ramps 62.8 62.9 0.1 No 64.5 64.7 0.2 No Westside Pkwy WB Ramps to Westside Pkwy EB Ramps 63.2 63.4 0.2 No 65.0 65.2 0.2 No¹ Westside Pkwy EB Ramps to Stockdale 64.0 64.3 0.3 No 65.9 66.3 0.4 No Project Impacts West Ming Specific Plan - Draft EIR Noise 5.8-22 Michael Brandman Associates H:\Client (PN-JN)\0216\02160029\DEIR 9-1\02160029_Sec05-08 Noise.doc Table 5.8-4 (Cont.): 2015 and 2030 Offsite Traffic Noise Levels 2015 2030 CNEL, dB CNEL, dB Roadway Roadway Segment No Project With Project Change Potentially Significant Impact? No Project With Project Change Potentially Significant Impact? Old River Road Stockdale to Ming 62.4 62.4 0.0 No 64.1 63.9 -0.2 No Ming to White 63.2 63.2 0.0 No 64.7 64.5 -0.2 No White to Pacheco 59.8 59.8 0.0 No 59.1 59.2 0.1 No Pacheco to Panama 56.3 56.3 0.0 No 59.0 59.1 0.1 No Panama to McCutchen 55.3 55.6 0.3 No 57.9 58.3 0.4 No McCutchen to Taft 53.4 53.9 0.5 No 56.0 56.5 0.5 No South of Taft 57.9 58.0 0.1 No 59.8 59.9 0.1 No Coffee North of Rosedale 67.0 67.0 0.0 No 68.4 68.4 0.0 No Rosedale to Brimhall 63.4 63.5 0.1 No 64.5 64.6 0.1 No Brimhall to West Side Pkwy WB Ramps 69.8 69.8 0.0 No 70.6 70.7 0.1 No West Side Pkwy WB Ramps to West Side Pkwy EB Ramps 70.1 70.1 0.0 No 71.1 71.1 0.0 No West Side Pkwy EB Ramps to Stockdale 70.3 70.3 0.0 No 71.3 71.3 0.0 No Gosford Road Stockdale to Ming 64.3 64.3 0.0 No 65.5 65.5 0.0 No Ming to White 62.7 62.7 0.0 No 64.2 64.1 0.0 No White to Pacheco 63.1 63.1 0.0 No 65.1 65.0 -0.1 No Pacheco to Harris 61.7 62.1 0.4 No 63.7 64.1 0.4 No Harris to Panama 60.7 61.1 0.4 No 62.7 63.2 0.5 No Panama to McCutchen 60.6 60.7 0.1 No 62.9 63.0 0.1 No Project Impacts West Ming Specific Plan - Draft EIR Noise 5.8-23 Michael Brandman Associates H:\Client (PN-JN)\0216\02160029\DEIR 9-1\02160029_Sec05-08 Noise.doc Table 5.8-4 (Cont.): 2015 and 2030 Offsite Traffic Noise Levels 2015 2030 CNEL, dB CNEL, dB Roadway Roadway Segment No Project With Project Change Potentially Significant Impact? No Project With Project Change Potentially Significant Impact? McCutchen to Taft 57.3 57.5 0.2 No 58.9 59.1 0.2 No Taft Highway West of Buena Vista 63.6 63.6 0.0 No 65.5 65.4 -0.1 No Buena Vista to Old River 64.3 64.3 0.0 No 66.3 66.3 0.0 No Gosford to Ashe 63.9 63.9 0.0 No 65.9 65.9 0.0 No Old River to Gosford 63.7 63.7 0.0 No 64.9 64.8 -0.1 No Enos Lane North of Rosedale 63.9 63.9 0.0 No 64.8 64.8 0.0 No Rosedale to Brimhall 60.2 60.2 0.0 No 61.6 61.6 0.0 No Brimhall to Stockdale 60.2 60.2 0.0 No 61.6 61.6 0.0 No South of Stockdale 61.3 61.3 0.0 No 63.0 63.1 0.1 No Ashe Stockdale to Ming 55.3 55.3 0.0 No 56.0 56.0 0.0 No Ming to White 59.9 59.9 0.0 No 60.7 60.7 0.0 No White to Panama 59.6 59.6 0.0 No 61.1 61.2 0.1 No Panama to McCutchen 58.9 58.9 0.0 No 61.5 61.5 0.0 No New Stine Road / Stine Road Stockdale to Ming 63.1 63.1 0.0 No 63.9 63.9 0.0 No Ming to White 62.3 62.3 0.0 No 63.1 63.1 0.0 No McCutchen to Taft 56.4 56.4 0.0 No 59.0 59.0 0.0 No Project Impacts West Ming Specific Plan - Draft EIR Noise 5.8-24 Michael Brandman Associates H:\Client (PN-JN)\0216\02160029\DEIR 9-1\02160029_Sec05-08 Noise.doc Table 5.8-4 (Cont.): 2015 and 2030 Offsite Traffic Noise Levels 2015 2030 CNEL, dB CNEL, dB Roadway Roadway Segment No Project With Project Change Potentially Significant Impact? No Project With Project Change Potentially Significant Impact? White to Panama 60.7 60.7 0.0 No 62.0 62.0 0.0 No Panama to Taft 54.3 54.3 0.0 No 57.5 57.5 0.0 No ¹ This roadway segment will be located between two on-ramps and off-ramps of the Westside Parkway. Although the noise level with project increases to a level that exceeds 65 dBA, sensitive uses are not planned to be located along this segment; therefore, no significant noise impact would occur. Note: Noise levels calculated at 25 feet from right of way Project Impacts West Ming Specific Plan - Draft EIR Noise Michael Brandman Associates 5.8-25 H:\Client (PN-JN)\0216\02160029\DEIR 9-1\02160029_Sec05-08 Noise.doc Mitigation Measures No mitigation measures are required. Level of Significance After Mitigation Less than significant. Short Term Construction Noise Impacts Impact 5.8.G: Construction activities associated with the proposed project may result in substantial temporary or periodic increases in ambient noise levels. Construction activities would generate noise levels at various locations within the project site throughout the 20-year build-out of the project. During construction, noise from construction activities would potentially impact noise-sensitive land uses in the immediate area. Activities involved in construction would generate noise levels at 50 feet as shown below in Table 5.8-5. As development is phased throughout the site, construction activities will continually be moved so that no one home or group of homes would be continually exposed to construction noise throughout the 20-year build-out period. Due to the continual movement of construction activities, onsite residences would be temporarily exposed to construction noise. The nearest existing residences to future construction activities on the project site are approximately 110 feet, and these residences are located along South Allen Road and White Lane. Both of these roadways include future rights-of-way of 110 feet. Therefore, construction activities on the site would be 110 feet and farther from the existing residences. However, these existing residences would be exposed to noise levels during construction activities associated with White Lane and South Allen Road. Both of these roadways would be improved to a 6-lane arterial, and the existing residences would be approximately 50 feet from the future construction activities of these roadways. Construction activities associated with the proposed project could temporarily result in annoyance for nearby residences; therefore, these activities could result in significant noise impacts. Table 5.8-5: Construction Equipment Noise Equipment Type Typical Level (dBA at 50 feet) Backhoe 78 Concrete Saw 90 Crane 81 Dozer 82 Excavator 81 Front End Loader 79 Project Impacts Noise West Ming Specific Plan - Draft EIR 5.8-26 Michael Brandman Associates H:\Client (PN-JN)\0216\02160029\DEIR 9-1\02160029_Sec05-08 Noise.doc Table 5.8-5 (Cont.): Construction Equipment Noise Equipment Type Typical Level (dBA at 50 feet) Jackhammer 89 Paver 77 Pneumatic Tools 85 Mitigation Measures Implementation of mitigation measures 5.8.E.1 and 5.8.E.2. Level of Significance After Mitigation Less than significant. Aviation Noise Impacts Impact 5.8.H: The proposed project would not expose people residing or working on the project site to excessive aviation-related noise levels. The nearest airport to the project site is Kern County Air Terminal, located approximately 10 miles to the northeast. Due to this distance, noise levels from aircraft activities associated with airports would be less than significant. Mitigation Measures No mitigation measures are required. Level of Significance After Mitigation Less than significant.