HomeMy WebLinkAbout03/02/23 SAFE HEALTHY NEIGHBORHOODS SPECIALPOSTED ON
-311 1A 3
by City Clerk's Office
City of
BAKERSFIELD by
THE SOUND OF 5WAkf ae*
Staff: Committee Members:
Christian Clegg, City Manager Councilmember, Eric Arias, Chair
Kevin Truelson, Assistant to City Manager Councilmember, Patty Gray
Councilmembec Manpreet Kour
Special Meeting of the
Safe and Healthy Neighborhoods Committee
of the City Council - City of Bakersfield
Thursday March 2, 2023
12:00 p.m.
City Hall North - Conference Room A
1600 Truxtun Avenue, Bakersfield CA 93301
1. ROLL CALL
2. PUBLIC STATEMENTS
a. Agenda Item Public Statements
b. Non -Agenda Item Public Statement
3. ADOPT DECEMBER 12, 2022, AGENDA SUMMARY REPORT
4. REPORTS
5. DEFERRED BUSINESS
6. NEW BUSINESS
A. Police Response Time Strategy.
B. SpidrTech Police Survey Response data.
C. Blue Zones Tobacco Summit Recommendations.
D. Approval of 2023 Committee Calendar.
7. COMMITTEE COMMENTS
S. ADJOURNMENT
V
BAKERSFIELD
THE SOUND OF5*1l%Il J:?g*
Staff:
Christian Clegg, City Manager
Kevin Truelson, Assistant to City Manager
Committee Members:
Councilmember, Eric Arias - Chair
Councilmember, Chris Parlier
Councilmember, Andrae Gonzales
Special Meeting of the
Safe Neighborhoods & Community Relations Committee
of the City Council - City of Bakersfield
Monday, December 12, 2022
12:00 p.m.
City Hall North, First Floor, Conference Room A
1600 Truxtun Avenue, Bakersfield CA 93301
Agenda Summary Report
Meeting called to order at 12:01 p.m.
1. ROLL CALL
Committee members present: Councilmember Eric Arias
Councilmember Chris Farber
Councilmember Andrae Gonzales
City Staff: Christian Clegg, City Manager
Gary Hallen, Assistant City Manager
Anthony Valdez and Manna Carrier, Assistants to the City
Manager
Viridiana Gallardo-King, Deputy City Attorney II
Elizabeth Villanueva, Deputy City Attorney I
Joe Conroy, Public Information Officer
Rick Anthony, Recreation and Parks Director
Greg Terry, Chief of Police
Brent Stratton, Assistant Chief of Police
Julie Drimakis, City Clerk
Additional Attendees: Members of the Public and other City Staff.
2. PUBLIC STATEMENTS
a. Agenda Item Public Statements
None.
b. Non -Agenda Item Public Statements
None.
3. ADOPTION OF THE JUNE 16, 2022, AGENDA SUMMARY REPORT
Motion by Councilmember Arias to adopt the June 16, 2022, Agenda Summary Report.
Motion unanimously approved.
4. NEW BUSINESS
A. Committee Discussion and Update Regarding Park Ranger Program.
Recreation and Parks Director Anthony provided staff update.
Park Ranger Supervisor Dobbs provided an update and PowerPoint Presentation.
Councilmember Farber made a referral to add another Manager and Supervisor
position for Park Rangers and lasers for Code Enforcement and Park Rangers.
Committee Discussion and Update Regarding Gang Enforcement, Safe Streets
Partnership and CaIVIP Program.
City Manager Clegg and Assistant Police Chief Stratton provided staff update
and Powerpoint Presentation.
5. COMMITTEE COMMENTS
Councilmember Gonzales expressed his appreciation for Councilmember Parlier.
6. ADJOURNMENT
Meeting was adjourned at 1:28 p.m.
Eric Arias, CHAIR
SAFE NEIGHBORHOODS AND COMMUNITY RELATIONS COMMITTEE
ATTEST:
JULIE DRIMAKIS, MMC
CITY CLERK and Ex Officio Clerk of
the Council of the City of Bakersfield
Safe Neighborhoods & Community Relations Committee
Special Meeting December 12, 2022
Page
BLUE ZONES PROJECT
Commercial Tobacco Discovery Report
Bakersfield, California
Prepared by Andrea Mowery and Molly Moilanen
January 2023
Table of Contents
ExecutiveSummary...............................................................................................................
3
Key Takeaways from the Stakeholder Interviews............................................................................3
Policy and Action Recommendations..............................................................................................4
CommunityContext...............................................................................................................5
DemographicSnapshot..................................................................................................................5
Tobacco Use in California, Kern County and Bakersfield..................................................................6
PolicySummary .....................................................................................................................
7
CaliforniaStatewide Polity.............................................................................................................7
KernCounty ...................................................................................................................................7
TheCity of Bakersfield...................................................................................................................7
ExistingPolicies.....................................................................................................................
8
Health Equity, Diversity, and Inclusion..........................................................................................
10
Community Assets to Support and Advance Tobacco Prevention and Reduction Policies.......
11
Barriers to Progress.............................................................................................................
12
Policy and Action Recommendations...................................................................................
13
Conclusion...........................................................................................................................
15
Endnotes.............................................................................................................................
16
Appendix A: Bakersfield Tobacco Retail Licensure Ordinance Case Study ..............................
17
Appendix B: A Student's Perspective....................................................................................
19
Appendix C: Discovery Interview List....................................................................................
20
AppendixD: Resources........................................................................................................
21
Appendix E: Blue Zones Project Tobacco Policy Menu...........................................................
22
Appendix F: ALA Report Card...............................................................................................
24
2
Executive Summary
Adventist Health, with support from the City of Bakersfield and the California Resources Corporation
engaged the Blue Zones Project® to help transform Bakersfield, CA, into a place where healthy choices
are easy and people live longer, higher quality lives. The Blue Zones Project will assist this community in
identifying and implementing policy approaches to support better health for the residents of
Bakersfield. The Blue Zones Project began working in Bakersfield in the Fall of 2022.
Like most communities across the country, Bakersfield has faced the health and financial consequences
of tobacco use and addiction. This is especially true among youth where cigarette use declined in the
past 30 years, but e-cigarettes use has risen during the past 10 years. The City of Bakersfield does not
have a tobacco retail license ordinance (TRL), the enforcement mechanism of tobacco sales laws,
resulting in low compliance with existing laws and easy access to tobacco products for youth.
As part of the process to develop policy approaches to reduce and prevent tobacco use in Bakersfield,
Andrea Mowery and Molly Moilanen conducted interviews with 13 stakeholders in November and
December of 2022 to understand their perspectives and priorities. Stakeholders included county and
city staff, elected officials, law enforcement, health systems/providers, school representatives, coalition
leaders, youth activists and others (see Appendix C for a full list). These interviews, as well as best
practices and expert input, were used to create the policy and action recommendations outlined in this
report. Also included in Appendix A is a Bakersfield City Council Policy Case Study and Appendix B
interview excerpts from a youth in California willing to share his story about tobacco addiction.
Key Takeaways from the Stakeholder Interviews
• Barriers to policy progress are significant but not insurmountable. Stakeholders agreed that the
key to reducing and preventing tobacco use in Bakersfield is passing a TRL ordinance so that city or
county officials can enforce existing and future laws. A TRL has not been supported in the past,
however, new and existing council members, coalition members and SWAT (student -led coalition)
feel that they can build on the work from the past two years toward success. Through this
experience, mutual trust and respect among stakeholders was established and is a strong
foundation for future policy successes.
• Stakeholders are confident in the County and coalitions' (youth and adult) public health
leadership. Stakeholders interviewed expressed their confidence in the Kern County Public Health
Department because of their history and success in other communities. The Tobacco Free Coalition
of Kern County, Students Working Against Tobacco (SWAT) and other partners are thought of as
central to tobacco education and policy advancement in the community.
• By taking strategic steps to build champions, educate the right people and maximize their existing
assets, Bakersfield can position itself to successfully pass policies that protect youth and prevent
tobacco addiction. Stakeholders interviewed share a commitment for preventing youth use, have
the courage to pursue policies and possess a deep understanding of their community to inform the
steps and timing that will successfully advance policy.
Policy and Action Recommendations
The following are recommendations for policy areas that Bakersfield may consider pursuing, based on
the interviews with stakeholders, expert input and best practices.
1. Pass Retail Licensing and Develop Implementation and Enforcement Plans
Limiting youth access to tobacco products though strong point -of -sale policies is a proven strategy. To
maximize the impact of these policies, communities must enact a tobacco retail licensing program (TRL)
including an annual renewal, frequent compliance checks and graduated penalties on the license holder
if violations occur. Currently, Bakersfield does not require tobacco retailers to obtain a local license and
as a result, many city and state policies are not being enforced.
2. Consider Point -of -Sale Policies to Protect Youth
In addition to requiring retailers to obtain a local license to sell tobacco products, stakeholders can
consider adding additional paint -of -sale laws to a TRL ordinance to further support tobacco prevention
such as: reducing the number, location, density and types of tobacco retail outlets and restricting the
sale of flavored tobacco products.
3. Enforce the Ban on the Sale of Flavored Tobacco Products
California recently passed a flavor ban policy. Bakersfield can maximize the impact of this new law by
enforcing it through a TRL. According to the U.S. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, flavored
tobacco (fruit, candy, mint and menthol) products are particularly appealing to youth because they mask
the harshness of tobacco. Furthermore, availability of products in appealing flavors is cited by youth as
one of the main reasons for using e-cigarettes. More than 80 percent of youth who have ever used
tobacco report the first product they used was flavored.
4. Enforce and Expand Tobacco -Free Environments
Smoke -free outdoor areas, such as parks, recreational facilities and patios, are important to protect
nonsmokers —especially children —from tobacco smoke and e-cigarette aerosol. Multi -unit housing
policies also have a positive impact on the health of children and vulnerable adults. Finally, as cannabis
laws and practices evolve, stakeholders should consider and be proactive to ensure these changes do
not weaken smoke -free policies.
5. Continue and Increase Education and Awareness
Continue to educate stakeholders and the public in Bakersfield about how widespread the problem of
tobacco use is, the mental and physical effects of tobacco use among youth, the dangers of flavored
tobacco, the most effective ways to reduced and prevent tobacco use and the tobacco industry's role in
targeting and addicting youth. Also, continue to promote cessation services for youth and adults.
6. Expand Youth Leadership and Involvement
Continue to connect and strengthen work with Students Working Against Tobacco (SWAT) to foster their
support and leadership for tobacco prevention policies. Identify ways to expand youth engagement
through SWAT or other organizations and elevate youth leadership to help pass policies and prevent
youth tobacco use. Youth can be powerful allies to help communicate the impact of tobacco use on
young people, implement effective tobacco control strategies and shift social norms around tobacco use
in their communities.
Community Context
Demographic Snapshot
Located in Kern County, about two hours north of Los Angeles, the City of Bakersfield, California, sits on
the Kern River, next to the Sequoia National Forest. As of 2021 estimates, Bakersfield has a population
of around 400,000, with 30 percent of residents under the age of 18, and a median household income of
$65,000.' The county's residents are represented in population estimates as 51.1 percent Hispanic or
Latino, 31.4 percent white, 7.4 percent African American or Black and 7.3 percent Asian.'
The most common industries in Bakersfield are Health Care & Social Assistance, Retail, and Educational
Services. Compared to other cities, Bakersfield has a high number of individuals working in Mining,
Quarrying and Oil and Gas Extraction (6.9 times higher than expected) and in Agriculture, Forestry,
Fishing and Hunting (4.4 times higher than expected)' Some of the largest employers in the City of
Bakersfield include Adventist Health, Bolthouse Farms, Chevron Corporation, and Sun Pacific.' -
The City of Bakersfield promotes tourism with a wide variety of activities, such as a booming music
scene, shopping, and a location in one of the largest agricultural producing areas in the world.°
Bakersfield is working to create a healthier community through effective, science -based policies that
reduce and prevent commercial tobacco use. The following is a summary of current tobacco use data
and policies in the City of Bakersfield and California.
Tobacco Use in California, Kern County and Bakersfield
Tobacco use continues to be the leading cause of preventable death and disease in the United States
and in California. Each year in California, smoking causes $15.44 billion in excess health care costs and
40,000 adults die from smoking -related illnesses.' Below is a snapshot of current tobacco use in
California, Kern County and Bakersfield. (Note: data sources are different, so comparison is casual, not
direct).
Current (past 30-dav) tobacco use amone adults 129+1
Any tobacco
19%
Cigarettes
12.5%
6.7%
10.1%
9.8%
Vapes/ENDS
3.7%
3.3%
2.5%
2.4%
Flavored Tobacco
4.8%
5.3%
5.2%
-Secondhand Smoke
34.8%
35.2%
35.6%
-Ad u Its ages 18+who have been exposed to secondhand smoke or e-cigarette vapor in the last two weeks
Current (past 30-day) tobacco use among high school students
Any tobacco
16.5%
9.7%
10.7%
Cigarettes
2%
1.2%
1.1%
Vapes/ENDS
14.1%
8.2%
8.0%
Little cigars, cigarillos
2.2%
3.3%
Big cigars
0.5%
0.9%
Cigars
2.8%
Hookah
1.5%
0.6%
0.9%
Smokeless
1.6%
0.6%
0.7%
Heated tobacco products
1.1%
,1
0.2%
Marijuana
7.8%
Policy Summary
California Statewide Policy
For more than 20 years, the State of California has implemented a strategy aimed at reducing tobacco
use and secondhand smoke exposure by creating a social and policy environment in which tobacco has
become less desirable, acceptable and accessible. This approach includes a comprehensive clean indoor
air law, increasing the price of tobacco, dedicating revenue from tobacco taxes to prevention and
cessation efforts, an effective mass -media campaign, prohibiting sales of tobacco products to individuals
younger than 21, awarding local community grants and adopting product restrictions such as flavor
bans. As of June 30, 2022, 130 municipalities in California have passed policies restricting the sale of
flavored tobacco products.tO In August 2020, the state of California passed a broad law prohibiting the
sale of most flavored tobacco products. This law was challenged through the referendum process but
passed in the November 2022 general election vote and took effect on December 21, 2022.'—' California
is also one of the few states to equalize taxes across all tobacco products, including e-cigarettes.''-2 Lastly,
California lawmakers introduced a bill on January 25, 2022, that would ban single -use tobacco products
in an effort to curb some environmental issues associated with commercial tobacco products. If passed,
this law would prohibit the sale of single -use electronic cigarettes and tobacco filters, which are found in
most cigarettes and cigars.''—'
Kern County
Along with the State of California, Kern County has taken action to advance policies aimed at tobacco
prevention and reduction. For example, in 2006 the local coalition successfully advocated for a tobacco
retail licensing ordinance giving the Kern County Public Health Department the authority to enforce the
policy in unincorporated areas of the county. Since 2006, eight cities located within Kern County have
adopted the county policy enabling the county health department to oversee enforcement across
jurisdictions. According to the Law and Policy Partnership to End the Commercial Tobacco Epidemic, this
is an example of a successful tobacco policy implementation with a centralized enforcement system.
Over time, cities that adopted the county TRL could amend and strengthen their local ordinances to
further reduce youth access to tobacco including, for example, prohibiting the sale of all flavored
tobacco products.14 Kern County Public Health also initiated the Kern County Tobacco Education
Program to improve the health of residents by reducing the use of tobacco products. The program's aim
is to promote tobacco -free living by providing education, outreach, access to cessation services and
more.''s The Kern County Public Health Department supports community engagement through the
Tobacco Free Coalition of Kern County. Additionally, a youth -led coalition, Students Working Against
Tobacco (SWAT), works to educate their peers and the community on the dangers of tobacco use. SWAT
is primarily comprised of middle and high schoolers, from grades 8 to 12.'—s
The City of Bakersfield
The Bakersfield City Council adopted an ordinance in 2001 "to prohibit the smoking of tobacco, or any
weed or plant, in public places and places of employment, to protect the public health by restricting
public exposure to second-hand smoke, and to restrict youth access to tobacco products (Ch. 8.58
Tobacco Use Prevention, Bakersfield Municipal Code). The ordinance was amended in 2018 raising the
minimum legal sales age for tobacco products from 18 to 21 to align with the state's Tobacco 21 policy.
The ordinance lacks compliance and enforcement mechanisms and does not include electronic
cigarettes, the most frequently used tobacco product among young people. A separate chapter within
the existing municipal code prohibits smoking on buses, which is already prohibited understate law. The
Bakersfield policy does not include electronic cigarettes and does not include enforcement
mechanisms.L' In 2022, the Bakersfield City Council considered options prepared by city staff to reduce
youth access to tobacco and vaping products. After listening to public comments and discussing the
options, the Council voted to refer the topic back to the Safe Neighborhoods and Public Relations
Committee for further review. To date, the Committee has not revisited this topic. 131718
Existing Policies
The following page identifies existing policies and gaps in policies for the City of Bakersfield. The policy
list was created using the Blue Zones Project Tobacco Policy Menu (Appendix E) and the American Lung
Association's Policy Report Card (Appendix F). California has strong, statewide tobacco prevention laws
that can and should be enforced by local jurisdictions for maximum public health benefit. In addition,
California does not preempt local jurisdictions (cities and counties) from passing laws that are stricter
than state law.
Existing Policies
Policies
City of
Bakersfield -
Kern County
California
LICENSING AND POINT OF SALE
Tobacco retailer licensing
X
X
Flavored tobacco products
X
Retailer location restrictions, pharmacy sales restrictions, and other
point -of -sale policies
SMOKE -FREE INDOOR AIR
Smoke -free indoor air including e-cigarettes
X
SMOKE -FREE OUTDOOR AIR
Outdoor areas of restaurants
Entryways
Beaches, parks and arenas
X
Recreation areas
X
Outdoor public events, service areas, sidewalks
All worlortes
SMOKE -FREE HOUSING
Nonsmoking apartments, condos, common areas
Disclosure of tobacco use policy
OTHERAREAS
"Smoking" definition includes e-cigarettes
X
X
Emerging products— licensing
X
X
TRL policy includes e-cigarettes
X
X
Comprehensive definition of tobacco products
X
X
Tobacco 21
X
X
X
Funding for tobacco control
X
X
Product restrictions re: environmental policies
2022 ALA Tobacco Control Grade
F
0
NA
-Policies passed in Bakersfield have no enforcement mechanisms.
Health Equity, Diversity, and Inclusion
Commercial tobacco addiction and the burden of health consequences have increasingly affected
disadvantaged groups such as people with lower incomes, some racial and ethnic groups and rural
communities. Policy makers and advocates for tobacco control should assess disparities and gaps in
protections, provide culturally appropriate approaches to inform policy priorities, and foster support,
ownership and inclusiveness.
Criteria to consider for passing and implementing policy:
• Will policies prevent exemptions that increase disparities for certain populations or
communities?
• Do policies have support and champions within each community?
• Will policies have culturally appropriate messaging, support and technical assistance?
• Will implementation and enforcement be equitable and fair to all communities?
• Are additional strategies or complementary tactics necessary to reduce disparities?
• Are communities directly involved in evaluation and success of policies?
Developing cultural competence and partnering with a wide variety of groups for polity advocacy will
reduce tobacco -related disparities and avoid unintended consequencesA
10
Community Assets to Support and Advance Tobacco Prevention and
Reduction Policies
1. Kern County staff and policies
Staff at the Kern County Public Health Department are recognized leaders and experts in tobacco
prevention and reduction. The county has passed several strong tobacco prevention policies that
can serve as a model for Bakersfield, or the city can adopt Kern County's policies and use the
counn/s enforcement mechanisms. The county also runs the Tobacco Free Coalition of Kern County
and a tobacco prevention and reduction education program.
2. Coalition strength
The Tobacco Free Coalition of Kern County and Students Working Against Tobacco (SWAT) are
committed and experienced in passing tobacco prevention and reduction policies. The coalitions
have fostered champions for tobacco prevention at the county level and have worked in Bakersfield
too. There is a strong connection with the schools through SWAT and resources for students,
parents and school staff.
3. Youth leadership
SWAT has worked to support initiatives to prevent and treat youth vaping. Current and former
members are effective, professional, committed and passionate about tobacco prevention and
reduction. Stakeholders agreed more youth involvement and leadership will be helpful in Bakersfield
and are looking for additional ways to involve even more youth.
4. Supportive elected officials
Some City Council Members expressed interest during the summer of 2022 in doing more to reduce
and prevent tobacco use, primarily through their support of a TRL ordinance. Advocates and existing
champions are cautiously optimistic that the City will move toward passing policies in 2023. One of
the newly elected Council Members was a SWAT participant.
S. Cessation support
Cessation services are widely available and publicized in California and Kern County. One
stakeholder pointed out the need for more culturally -tailored cessation programs.
6. School district commitment
The Kern County Superintendent of Schools Office is a committed partner in preventing and
reducing tobacco use among youth. Administrators and staff care about the health of students and
strongly value youth leadership in tobacco prevention and reduction. They operate and support the
effective Students Working Against Tobacco (SWAT) coalition. The Kern County Superintendent of
Schools Office is also willing to tailor support for addressing tobacco use depending on what
individual schools want. During covid restrictions, they moved all their resources online making
them more accessible, which has been a positive development fort heir efforts to better serve
schools.
11
Barriers to Progress
1. Business and economic priorities
Bakersfield has long prioritized business interests and economic development. Because of this, some
elected officials and other community members see the regulation and enforcement of tobacco
sales as having a negative impact on businesses even if it would reduce illegal sales to youth.
2. lack of enforcement
Currently, Bakersfield does not have a local tobacco retail license program (TRL) which makes
enforcement of federal, state, county or city point -of -sale policies virtually impossible. The result is
an environment where retailers do not know or ignore existing laws (such as the minimum age of
sale for tobacco products and the flavored tobacco ban) without consequence, a permissive culture
for tobacco use and easy access to tobacco products for youth.
3. Competing issues
Stakeholders identified more pressing issues than tobacco prevention and reduction, including
economic development, inflation, homelessness, crime and COVID-19. Some stakeholders view
youth vaping as an issue for schools to address rather than the government.
4. lack of commitment
Stakeholders noted the contrast between parents and city officials who say they genuinely care for
youth and want to prevent them from using tobacco but will not support the most effective steps to
protect youth. For example, Bakersfield does not have any enforcement mechanisms in place to
prevent underage sales. This results in youth easily purchasing products at retail stores. Other
permissive attitudes have resulted in an environment where youth become addicted and can easily
access products through retailers, friends, parents, young adults and the internet.
S. Youth involvement
More youth involvement and leadership are needed in tobacco prevention. Stakeholders recognize
SWAT is underutilized and have taken steps to increase participation and collaboration with the
adult coalition.
6. The tobacco industry
The tobacco industry is central to perpetuating the problem of tobacco use. To maximize their
profits, the industry aggressively markets flavored products to youth and young adults (especially on
social media) and manipulates elected officials and businesses to oppose regulations and
enforcement designed to reduce and prevent youth tobacco use and support people in quitting.
7. Historical factors, racism, prison culture
Tobacco use has a significant role in the culture of the area. Bakersfield's pro -business stance has
prevented enforcement of tobacco policies. Many people embrace country western culture where
tobacco use is defining. One person interviewed noted that because Kern County has several prisons
where cigarettes are still used as currency, tobacco is seen as currency outside of the prison walls.
For example, staff serving and counting the unhoused population have used cigarettes as an
incentive for participation. One stakeholder summarized, "Bakersfield is very comfortable with
tobacco and tobacco use. There is not a drive to eliminate it."
12
Policy and Action Recommendations
The following are policy and action recommendations that Bakersfield may consider pursuing, based on
the interviews with stakeholders and best practices.
1. Pass Retail Licensing and Develop Implementation and Enforcement Plans
Limiting youth access to tobacco products though strong point -of -sale policies is a proven strategy. To
maximize the impact of these policies, communities must enact a tobacco retail licensing program (TRL)
including an annual renewal, frequent compliance checks and graduated penalties on the license holder
if violations occur. Currently, Bakersfield does not require tobacco retailers to obtain a local license and
as a result, many city and state policies are not being enforced. Bakersfield could develop its own TRL
program or pass an ordinance requiring all tobacco retailers in the city to obtain a license through Kern
County which has an existing model TRL program including robust compliance and enforcement
mechanisms. Local governments also use TRLs to update local ordinances, so they are consistent with
state law resulting in consistent enforcement of policies such as the minimum age of sale law and the
new flavored tobacco ban. Funds from the licenses can be dedicated to enforcement or youth
prevention. Implementing and enforcing a new system will require the cooperation and commitment of
several stakeholders —policy makers, law enforcement, schools, retailers, youth leaders, parents and
potentially others. The CA Department of Public Health Tobacco Control Program, the Public Health Law
Center and others can help support these efforts. Requiring a local tobacco retail license is a significant
step toward better protecting youth from tobacco addiction by limiting youth access to commercial
tobacco and preventing tobacco use.
2. Consider Point -of -Sale Policies to Protect Youth
In addition to requiring retailers to obtain a local license to sell tobacco products, stakeholders can
consider adding additional point -of -sale laws to a TRL ordinance to further support tobacco prevention
such as: reducing the number, location, density and types of tobacco retail outlets (example: prohibit
pharmacies from gaining a tobacco license); limiting point -of -sale advertising and product placement;
restricting the sale of flavored tobacco products; restricting classes of products to protect the
environment; and requiring retailers to comply with other tobacco control measures.
3. Enforce the Ban on the Sale of Flavored Tobacco Products
According to the U.S. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, flavored tobacco (fruit, candy, mint
and menthol) products are particularly appealing to youth because they mask the harshness of tobacco.
Furthermore, availability of products in appealing flavors is cited by youth as one of the main reasons for
using e-cigarettes. More than 80 percent of youth who have ever used tobacco report the first product
they used was flavored =' California is one of only two states with a statewide ban on the sale of most
flavored tobacco products. To maximize the public health benefits of this statewide policy, localities can
and should ensure compliance and enforcement though a comprehensive local TRL program. Several
stakeholders mentioned this as an exciting opportunity in addition to more community education about
the new statewide law.
4. Enforce and Expand Tobacco -Free Environments
Smoke -free outdoor areas, such as parks, recreational facilities and patios, are important to protect
nonsmokers —especially children —from tobacco smoke and e-cigarette aerosol. Multi -unit housing
policies could also be considered because of their positive impact on the health of children and
13
vulnerable adults. Finally, as cannabis laws and practices evolve, stakeholders should consider and be
proactive to ensure these changes do not weaken smoke -free policies.
5. Continue and Increase Education and Awareness
Continue to educate stakeholders and the public in Bakersfield about how widespread the problem of
tobacco use is, the mental and physical effects of tobacco use among youth, the dangers of flavored
tobacco, the most effective ways to reduced and prevent tobacco use and the tobacco industry's role in
targeting and addicting youth."" Also, continue to promote cessation services for youth and adults.
According to the U.S. Surgeon General and the U.S. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, mass -
reach health communication interventions can be powerful tools for preventing the initiation of tobacco
use, promoting and facilitating cessation, and shaping social norms related to tobacco use.
6. Expand Youth Leadership and Involvement
Continue to connect and strengthen work with SWAT to foster their support and leadership for tobacco
prevention policies. Identify ways to expand youth engagement through SWAT or other organizations
and elevate youth leadership to help pass policies and prevent youth tobacco use. youth can be
powerful allies to help communicate the impact of tobacco use on young people, implement effective
tobacco control strategies and shift social norms around tobacco use in their communities. Youth are
essential partners for an effective, comprehensive tobacco control program because they can bring new
perspectives, expose industry tactics and mobilize their peers.'ta
14
Conclusion
Stakeholders in Bakersfield have many opportunities to implement policies and action to prevent and
reduce youth tobacco use and help youth and adults quit. Community members are committed to
tobacco prevention and reduction. However, there are challenges to advancing the policies and actions
recommended in this report. Some city officials are unfamiliar with tobacco prevention, and the
disruptions of COVID, high inflation, crime, homelessness and other community priorities are all
environmental content to consider. The policy summit can be used to determine direction, prioritize
action steps, mitigate barriers to progress and identify how to capitalize on opportunities.
15
Endnotes
1.
httl)s://www.census.gov/quiCkfacts/fact/table/bakersfieIdcitycalifornia/AGE295221
2.
https://datausa.io/Profile/geo/bakersfield-ca/
3.
https://www.labormarketinfo.edd.ca.gov/maiorer/countymaiorerasp?CountvCode=000029
4.
https://www.bakersfieldcity.us/
5.
https://www.tobaccofreekids.ore/problem/toll-us/california
6.
https//dx.doi.org/10.15585/mmwrmm7111al
7.
https://askchisne.ucla.edu
B.
https://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/volumes/71/wr/mm7145al.htm?s
cid=mm7145al w
9.
https://www.cdph.ca.gov/Programs/CCDPHP/DCDIC/CTCB/CDPH%20DOcument%2OLibrary/Res
earchandEvaluation/FactsandFigures/2019-20CSTSBiennialReport
7-27-2021 pdf
10.
https//tr
th if tieo g/stes/defa It/fl / d-a/fles/2022/12/02 2022 FINAL df
11.
https://www,publichealthlawcenter.org/sites/default/files/resources/CA-Flavor-Tobacco-Ban-
5B793.pdf
12.
https://www.tobaccofreekids,org/assets/factsheets/0169.odf
13.
https://bakersfield.municipal.codes/Code/8.58
14.
https://www.publichealthlawcenter.org/sites/default/files/resources/Kern-County-Case-
Studv.odf
15.
httgs://kernpublicheaIth
com/ke n-county-tobacco-educat on -Program/
16.
https://bakersfielcl.municipal.codes/Code/8.56
17.
https://bakersfield.novusagenda.com/AgendaPublic/CoverSheet
asox7Item ID=11969&Meetinel
D=830
18.
https://www.voutube.com/watch?v=F9SpL2Iu-kU
19.
https://www.cdE.Rov/tobacco/stateandcommunity/best-practices-health-equity/pdfs/b
health-eguitv.pdf
20.
https://truthinitiative.ore/research-resources/emerging-tobacco-products/flavored-tobacco-
use-among-youth-and-young-adults
21.
htt s
truthinitiative org/resea ch- esou ces/emerging-tobacco-prod cts/dep essio -stick-
fa ke-va
pi ngs-co nt ribut io n-vout h
22.
https://e-cigarettes.surgeongen
era l.gov/knowtherisks htm1
23.
h,ttps://www
cdc go /tobacco/stateandcommunity/guides/pdfs/best-p aches-youth-
e ngagement-use r-gu id e. pdf
16
Appendix A: Bakersfield Tobacco Retail Licensure Ordinance Case Study
Background
The Bakersfield City Council is currently considering options to curb youth access to tobacco products.
While Bakersfield has an existing tobacco use prevention ordinance, the policy lacks the compliance and
enforcement infrastructure necessary to achieve the goal of reducing accessibility. In addition, the
ordinance's definition of "tobacco products" is outdated and does not include categories of products
such as electronic cigarettes (vapes). The following outline is a brief analysis of the situation and
possible actions for the coalition to consider as they advocate for meaningful policy change, specifically
a local tobacco retail licensing program.
Approach
We read all the materials included in the City Council packet for the August 17, 2022, meeting in which
the Council considered options prepared by city staff to curb youth access to tobacco products. The
packet included a cover memo outlining the Council's process to -date, a list of five (5) options and
several exhibits. We also watched the August 17, 2022, Council Meeting.
Observations
• The individuals who spoke during the public comment period were prepared, passionate and
offered diverse perspectives on why more action was needed. Some, but not all, of the testifiers
made a specific request to the Council to support option 1(adopt the Kern County TRL
ordinance) from the list outlined in the staff memo. During the public comment period, no one
spoke in opposition to increased regulation.
• Many Council Members expressed interest in addressing the problem of youth access to
tobacco products; however, no Member offered a specific policy recommendation the Council
should adopt.
• City staff attempted to answer Council Members' questions but, admittedly, did not always have
complete answers. For example, staff were not able to provide a summary of Kern County's
tobacco retail licensing (TRL) program (i.e., compliance and enforcement mechanisms,
implementation across multiple jurisdictions, success rates, etc.) which was central to option 1
outlined by staff and supported by the testifiers.
• The Council discussion consisted primarily of Council Members asking general questions and
seeking clarity about the City's current tobacco use prevention ordinance, compliance and
enforcement options and other possible ways to address the problem of youth access including
youth education programs, retailer outreach efforts and "community partnerships."
• Eventually, a Council Member made a motion to refer the issues back to the Safe
Neighborhoods and Public Relations Committee forfurther review; no alternative motion was
offered, and all Members present voted in support of the motion.
Analysis and Recommendations
Passing a comprehensive local tobacco retail licensing program and/or adopting the Kern County
program is achievable and will yield meaningful public health gains. In California, a local TRL program is
the primary mechanism for communities to enforce the minimum age of sale law (Tobacco 21) and the
new statewide prohibition on the sale of most flavored tobacco products in addition to other state and
local point -of -sale regulations.
17
The combination of strong coalitions (Students Working Against Tobacco and the Tobacco Free Coalition
of Kern County, existing groundwork and the newly elected City Council provides a window of
opportunity for advancing meaningful tobacco prevention and reduction policies in Bakersfield.
Steps for consideration
• Confirm that the coalitions agree on a clear policy "ask." For example, "we are asking the
Bakersfield City Council to adopt the Kern County tobacco retail license program."
• Identify a campaign manager (paid or volunteer) to oversee the policy campaign.
• Cultivate a strong champion on the City Council who will collaborate with the coalition, author
the policy recommendation, help build support on the City Council and secure the votes needed
to win. (Ensure the champion has the information needed to make the correct motions.)
• Starting with the Safe Neighborhoods and Public Relations Committee, educate each Council
Member about the problem and the specific policy solution that the coalition is seeking. Use the
resources prepared by the Public Health Law Center to provide third -party validation of the Kern
County TRL program.
• Identify or create opportunities for Kern County staff to educate Council Members and
appropriate Bakersfield staff about the TRL program including the enforcement infrastructure,
the successful results and the positive feedback from other cities that have adopted the
program.
• Identify 1-2 lead constituents for each Council Member willing to make frequent contact with
them and organize other constituents to do the same.
• Assess support among the Committee Members and secure a clear vote count before the
motion is considered.
• Work toward a unanimous policy recommendation from the Safe Neighborhoods and Public
Relations Committee. A unanimous recommendation from the Committee will send a strong
message to the full Council.
• Increase public awareness and public pressure by generating letters to the editor, posts on
social media pages, etc.
• In addition to the champion, prepare other strong supporters on the Council to speak in favor of
the policy and provide them with key messages and data to help make the case.
• In preparation for the City Council meeting and vote:
o In partnership with the champion, determine how many people should provide public
comment.
o Build on the public comment provided at the August 17, 2022, meeting. Include
testimony from business leaders, people who can speak to the economic costs of
tobacco use and people who might identify as more conservative in addition to public
health experts.
o Ensure testifiers' remarks are under the 2-minute time limit.
o In addition to verbal testimony, organize letters of support from 10+organizations, large
employers, etc.
o Ensure all public testimony— verbal and written— includes a clear and respectful"ask."
18
Appendix B: A Student's Perspective
Tuolumne County, CA High School Student and Current Tobacco User: 2021 Interview
Local Blue Zones staff arranged an interview with a high school student who uses tobacco. He shared his
perspective of tobacco use and addiction among teens. The student is a senior in high school who likes
video games, playing bass and works at a fast-food restaurant. We are grateful to him for his
participation in this project. Below are excerpts from the interview. Some answers are paraphrased.
Q: Do you think tobacco use is a problem in your community?
A: I always thought it was really bad in high school but.... It's spread to elementary schools because of
social media. TikTok mainly... there are tons of pasts. little kids see a lot of it.
Q: How did you start using tobacco?
A: I got started as a freshman, it seemed interesting, and I thought I would want to try it. Someone in the
bathroom was using it. I never really bought [early on] it but now I do. It became less occasional and
more regular then I started using it more. It's like an added intrusive thought - like a tick biting you to hit
the vape - it's annoying. So, 1 don't like to do it often... But I get withdrawal.
Q: How do you get the products you use?
A: When I wanted to buy it, I used a plug - random people get it forme, drug dealers, plugs, $10 or$15
or $20 over the market amount. Disposables most popular. Elementary kids most gullible ... I feel bad for
them because they pay so much. Most pay it because it's addictive.
Q: Do you use flavored products?
A: I probably started with this (flavors] but I don't really core now - I just want the buzz. When you first
vope, you get a head rush then it just turns into a buzz (after using for a while). I enjoy cigarillos and
cigars too. I like the taste and smell of tobacco and chilling out. These [tobacco -flavored products] aren't
very popular with other kids. Most like flavors [like fruit and candy]. Some redneck kids that chew.
Q: If you knew there were services to help you quit would you be interested?
A: 1 don't think someone could help me quit - maybe I'm wrong. I hope I'm wrong. 1 have a good hold on
my addiction. Everyone 1 know wants to quit. Everyone. They try cold turkey. 1 don't know anyone who
doesn't want to quit. People say they want to quit all the time. [Using is the] definition of insanity.
Intrusive thoughts that tell you to vape, you feel better for two seconds then 30 mins later you have to do
it again. It's not an enjoyable cycle.
Q: What happens to kids who are caught using at school?
A: Before I left public school, if you're caught once (you get a] suspension, twice expulsion, they have
detectors. Don't expel kids -just take their shit and throw it away. It's not hard to get caught. Some kids
may accept help.
Q: What can we do to stop use?
A: In most cases I'm not sure there's much you can do. If someone told me about the downsides I
wouldn't have listened. (The best thing to do is] find ways to help people who are addicted. you're
fighting a difficult battle. This is the most addictive substance on the planet. I want to help. I don't think
much about the vaping companies. fButl flavors are only catered and created for kids. Kids only listen to
themselves and it's the most addictive thing on the planet.
19
Appendix C: Discovery Interview List
Name
Title
Organization
Jasmine Ochoa
Health Equity Officer/
Kern County Public Health
Oversees local Tobacco Control
Project
Patsy Romero
Volunteer, Tobacco Coalition
ACS - CAN
Member
Bernardo Ochoa
Tobacco Coalition Chair /
Kern Health Systems
Senior Health Educator
Elizabeth Velasco
Prevention Specialist
Kern County Superintendent
of Schools
Anastasia Lester
Senior Program Officer
Firsts Kern / Co-chair of
Tobacco Free Coalition of
Kern County
Ken Weir
City Council Member, Ward 3
City of Bakersfield
Gurvir Sidhu
Youth Engagement Facilitator
Students Working Against
Advisor and Former Youth
Tobacco, Kern County
Coalition Member, college
Superintendent of Schools
student
Amanun Tyiska
Youth Engagement Facilitator
Students Working Against
Advisor and Former Youth
Tobacco, Kern County
Coalition Member, college
Superintendent of Schools
student
Eric Arias
City Council Member, Ward 1
Bakersfield City Council
Crystal Burgess
Project Facilitator
Students Working Against
Tobacco, Kern County
Superintendent of Schools
3 SWAT members
Students from Golden Valley
Students Working Against
High School and Stockdale High
Tobacco
School
Pic
Appendix D: Resources
• Best Practices for Comprehensive Tobacco Control Programs-2014 I CDC
• Best Practices User Guides - Putting Evidence into Practice in Tobacco Prevention and Control
dc. ov
• Evidence Based Guides for States I CDC
• State of Tobacco Control I American Lung Association
• Tobacco Control Network
• Commercial Tobacco Control I Public Health Law Center
• Fact sheets I Truth Initiative
• Campaign for Tobacco -Free Kids
• Fast Facts and Fact Sheets I Smoking & Tobacco Use I CDC
• National Index Shines a Light on Tobacco Industry Interference in Lawmaking — ASH Action on
Smoking & Health
• Creating the Healthiest Nation: Advancing Health Equity
• CDC Guide for Health Equity in Tobacco Prevention and Control
• Home- Tobacco Endgame Center for Organizing & Engagement
21
Appendix E: Blue Zones Project Tobacco Policy Menu
1
Blue Zones Project er
31_i1C
Tobacco Policy Menu share,
Blue Zones PrejectD has complete best practice strategies for add reseng commercial tobacco use that have been Impie headed across
the country. Local stakeholders can use this policy menu to prioritise which best practices are most needed In their community Policy
priorities will be identified during a policy summit, and the Blue Zones Project team and local Tobacco Policy Committee will workwith
kcal and national piMartstoad-.. the policies. Tobacco use In this documents defined as use of commercial tobacco products
, see c inq cigarettes, e-cigarettes,cigars,smokelesstobacco, nooksh, plardi that contain synthetis nicotine and other combustible or
non combustible nicotine delivery products. It does not include traditional tobacco used (or sacred or ceremonial purposes.
INCREASE SMOKE AND TOBACCO -FREE SPACES
Andres A refusaltry aeoff, �r.anrne. p con, Of
e,pFrymentmu6rum oer—ammmona we aM OVera.off, deldoeas aideso
Enm a do Of Nm e w east nmsoper. a(onalaade,II lilt , and Aaron de mmue neaIn III — p�A[urnmay red,
red,
o"oe a W, he conagen moron oodgain the e; sWrongranun, and other vmllar aranmal, SPoruvomew
I Anne v. Older
ease thia,ee%ra n�Ieoreda °a.an role TO,
nrombea a m tow10 r, socarne rs mpue<asr All I'l ee r aaemrc rannraes. p,ocea, othloa.anaI
uaesnwmeo cp.eneidgvemogau, p no wba,cr,
n<Gme nw.m Ne.00rnrnzome oemry eea¢ane mapuena
Own nme arre.n rotor, Fred rey«. Con, hoorl,
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andame, net to, And gwp home, fore, asol Ott palmy ee ease, ent..m
cold Fr de pd red of aC for -an ehdkA nee ory ormunry pmpary era pme der, oln p40o Inw1.
n eaud4en and ward agwr re rate 0 wrall ceranuoo<A propord,,e ta4y eoop awryarer
and charged
Few doll is and .are anun10, wey<ovdarr q Iter, Felt tend ou ga¢m nv ota
may Nv<aw y to th, dr,Int enc
enaaa do o lle wi rn«moon drnire o—A, and .,-I areae ofcwtuded, dare nwwondered mdd4a wrenns
oxn or oar also
and".1 s+me xw.Id a la-Ime am ss ia.'u d av=. r,lado..e. and ae. dsr4 serve ari,denr onba<
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adra=F—Inagente eiIsA s and aye m weary..
sa at It Tdoor and dedmmOn.1, rl so dand,it, c-ntIII do smoM aodtodaaor'e<mIvamg .,the
1phw or rnewent nerimeear.
cna mdeaa moggenteeemI andeare on nnm all In,
Allende onladeno; the rytWn<
nor a nmw on. red seem e<gaetreded— meysei m mmm w ant or road, onan rnauvsm
headerme atmokea
Nrc
Y�,I nma -re,
Fl Ognor.wra<n anaaoml�g la nmoapntI Aua ewmmo �,F rmwderal W ne-ranNn�dder-
22
REDUCE ACCESS TO AND AVAI LABI LITV OF SMOKE AND TOBACCO PRODUCTS
eary the older as vokence products wan entire clam chloWcm pmews.
gonlbdme on mbeam products added a cc IT ommm coneenvavon
(ordmee6!Rlcca had, all to bamayor,Man, I.Ilwlam!Wonq Sol dw the Wnwm !ly enace l¢al Sehe lauson tobacco
ese r omw polntofSale mWcm woing prebe5mdede w hirg a minimum pace for tobacco regumng a mm!mum pack
Sale for Some products like little c!ga,e: ano wcnl Themn-locon of coupons. elxounde and Slocum en[.
Enact a penginateliminated th-1, and dletnituuon orebronmted ciganudes ands, nma lUwreo:h— ncot aproduct,
fachowd dalKnwrt,and peeepk
Enake.Stobal.rwaae, lixencing wor,In aoeurelle al of be.. and what emakly p,odunta or in- cos gpgram would
wean businessese, loam and malm.n n arum hal rteaun prom¢tdwll mNao and W¢, smokes whorc, and. for
,eapla,InaFecdpn m relaue —to all "it vacking or proaem wroarstbm rewm Nfi¢iplate nvrs. ruenss rags fund gdgam
maregenenL enhancement antl pmerttion allots.
_nNw state and local pollees wouddle, toe eisv!dodo, of free Tobacco ISWUI yo ode ALL Nb]cW Fmducts
-the tew¢o m ,!mum legs'."age m.de n:r L" To bled, will cereal podoy commumux an sled mnslbe reguumg me
Icense how, to be➢and the cone dern, to Ed ll ASun a MLSArace, Eel clearly called ac enl000lol-11, aye pmmreb
EIIabhish restrictions on the number ward, arMkr dersuyofsmols alp Iddw,o-W Wucno kids lbonel no use dhcenmodc,u.
permits, con he tobaccomtail Ikenees. or a rm regukinn. 6ommun ties harm often r.'sicN such m—, N reduce The them, of
thesert des Warned, parkand heanrrae laalnRx
Ia percyred ellocencnThe sale and ernaddron couno4e-an mp,uauaeMarenasea vnar'naryanmwo
than 12S un!upaleie, rare colors, The pnarmarylrvuwt EST re the bee q any
mbacm prmm amtailew-a,F—phaemaae,.
Mbpt a Fd!uy repulaung roe maceTom[ al tobacco date smoking wMue6lo make Nem kee visid! a weM1n [lorxs.
REDUCE TOBACCO MARKETING AND PROMOTION
Enac[a go4cy[HlFlatesreasonablebmeplace,anemanner resmc(onsmmark¢dngane[panvrfnrpef bbaccoandarvesmok!ng
prouc puce M[patinaw e, MLBana rvFL stadiums M1aretlo,hA d,me netler eregwaFp,opnetorsolpvnLcrenuesonlne
aooplionolWlantarypMiCnetn3wtlunpariry
Enact a prlbe flat paces reasonable bateplace, and manner enec me ch maMeang aMspmwrshrd of mbacm and other S,.ng
wulue¢atcolleges, unlrenSi¢antl haranachnkaI scMda MORMtMPofe!esa[are poetsazdrvlaryleml M1azden atlpprglyd
.on Ware by de adm,h.b.,!o n.
Enandided,hatre dderm.peudeare eotsquarebotageptwiMoyandcleageq glaulaoorspla r¢WilerlMtma/ran
etiver[isnp n� 4 pu bllc sal¢ry ¢ a [ommovatana k lortbis
INCREASE RESOURCES AND EDUCATION
Enarichica,noaa,iry,.,weara local m,ao-gmr cdmn,manompcopeeennon one mpaccevxalmentaroywma
Emadlianwnwla01,onandam,mrodvatenoh,tudenmon dr,king and rota¢dpecructuse lhouamgvapingarmaquana Add
roeroc,dfww�mwma:<h�leanaanmor.atncolrwu,o:apa!�
23
Appendix F: ALA Report Card
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24
Sate and Healthy Neighborhoods Committee Calendar
January 2023 Through December 2023
All meetings will be held at City Hall North, First Floor, Conference Room A
Safe Neighborhoods Meetings
12:00 p.m.
Budget Departmental Workshop
12:00 p.m.
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E]Cily Council Meetings
3:30 p.m. Closed Session 5:15 p.m. Public Session
Budget Heanng:06/ 14. Budget Adoption: 6128
■Holidays - City Hall Closed
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League of California Cities Mayors and Council Members Executive Forum - TBD
®League of California Cities Annual Conference - September 20-22, 2023