HomeMy WebLinkAboutBUSINESS PLAN 12/22/2000330W. BayStreet, Suite140 / / j /f /
Costa Mesa, California 92627
[949) 642-0245 · FAX [9491642-4474 / GEOMATRIX
Transmittal
Sent Via: [] Messenger [] U.S. Mail [] Overnight Mail
Date: December 20, 2000 ,
To: David Troop From: ~ Calvin Hardcastle
California Regional Water Quality Geomatrix Consultants, Inc.
Control Board 330 West Bay Street, Suite 140
Central Valley Region Costa MeSa, California 92627
3614 East Ashlan Avenue
Fresno, California 92326
RECEIVED
Project Number: 5825
ProjeCt Name: Former Sunland Oil Refinery
Item Description
1 Work Plan for Off-Site Monitoring Well
Remarks
Geomatrix Consultants is submitting the listed reports on behalf of World Oil Corp. If you have any
questions, please call Mr. John Hundley of World Oil'Corp. at (562) 928-0100 of Mr. Calvin Hardcastle of
Geomatrix at (949) 642-0245. <
CC:
Mr. John Hundley - World Oil Corp.
Ms. Christine Mirabel - World Oil Corp.
Mr. Philip Jay - SJVAPCD
Mr. John Mitchell - Kern County District Attorneys Office
Mr. Russell Walls - RWQCB, CV Region, Fresno
Mr. Ralph Huey - City of Bakersfield, Hazardous Materials Division
Mr. Bruce Howard - Latham & Watkins
Geomatrix ConsultantS~ Inc.
Engineers, Geologists, and Environmental Scientists
C 5FILES\5825X5 8251otbruce howard.doc
m -GEOMATRIX
WORK PLAN FOR INSTALLATION .OF
m OFF-SITE MONITORING WELL
Former Sunland Oil Refinery
m 2152 Coffee Road
m Bakersfield, California
I Cleanup and Abatement Order No. 95-702
m Prepared for:
m World Oil Corp.
9302 South Garfield Avenue
South Gate, California 90280-3896
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m Prepared by:
Geomatrix Consultants, Inc.
'm
330 W. Bay Street, Suite 140
Costa Mesa, California 92627
m (949) 642-0245
December 20, 2000
m
Project No. 5825.007
m
m
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m ~
Geomatrix. Consultants
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I ,. GEOMATRIX
WORK PLAN FOR INSTALLATION OF
OFF-SITE MONITORING WELL
Former Sunla'nd Oil Refinery
2152 Coffee Road
Bakersfield, California
I Cleanup and Abatement Order No. 95-702
i Prepared for:
I World Oil Corp.
9302 South Garfield Avenue
South Gate, California 90280-3896
I
Prepared by:
Geomatrix Consultants~ Inc.
330 W. Bay Street, Suite 140
Costa Mesa, California 92627
(949) 642-0245
December 20, 2000
Project No. 5825.007
~ Geomatrix Consultants
I
GEOMATRIX
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i TABLE OF CONTENTS
Page
I 1.0 INTRODUCTION ............................................................................................................. 1
2.0 DRILLING, SOIL SAMPLING, AND INSTALLATION OF MONITORING WELLS 1
I 2.1 PRE-FIELD ACTIVITIES ........................................................................................... 2
2.2 DRILLING AND SOIL SAMPLING .............................................................................. 2
2.3 GEOPHYSICAL LOGGING ......................................................................................... 3
I 2.4 WELL INSTALLATION 3
2.5 WELL DEVELOPMENT ...................................................... ' ....................................... 3
2.6 SURVEYING ............................................................................................................ 4
I 2.7 GROUNDWATER SAMPLING AND ANALYSIS 4
3.0 MANAGEMENT OF INVESTIGATION-DERIVED RESIDUALS .............................. 4
I 4.0 SCHEDULE 5
5.0 APPROACH FOR ADDITIONAL OFF-SITE MONITORING WELLS .................. · ...... 5
I 6.0 MONITORING WELL INSTALLATION REPORT ....................................................... 5
FIGURES
Figure l Proposed Monitoring Well Location
Figure 2 Typical Triple Completion Nested Monitoring Well Construction Diagram
APPENDIX
Appendix A Geomatrix Protocols
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GIEOMATRIX
WORK PLAN FOR INSTALLATION OF
OFF-SITE MONITORING WELL
Former Sunland Oil Refinery
2152 Coffee Road
Bakersfield, California
1.0 INTRODUCTION
Geomatrix Consultants, Inc. (Geomatrix) has prepared this work'plan on behalf of World Oil
Corp. (World) to describe methods for installation of an additional off-site groundwater
monitoring well at the Former Sunland Oil Refinery location at 2152 Coffee Road in
Bakersfield, California (the site). The additional monitoring well is being installed in response
to the California Regional Water Quality Control Board - Central Valley Region in Fresno
(RWQCB) comment number 2 of their letter to World dated May 23, 2000. The general terms
and objectives of the scope of work presented herein were discussed at a meeting with the
RWQCB on June 14, 2000. The additional monitoring well described in this Work plan will be
installed northwest of well GMX-MW-61, on property owned by Pacific Gas & Electric
Company (PG&E). This proposed well will be used to further assess the downgradient extent
of methyl tert-butyl ether (MtBE) in groundwater along the interpreted axis of groundwater
flow. This work plan also outlines an approach for possible installation of additional off-site
monitoring wells, based on the results from this new well.
World is presently reviewing recent PG&E site investigation data and information provided by
PG&E. The scope of work Presented in this work plan was prepared prior to thorough review
of these data. To avoid delays, World is submitting this work plan; however, following review
of information obtained from PG&E, World may submit to the RWQCB alterations to the
approach presented in this document.
2.0 DRILLING, SOIL SAMPLING, AND INSTALLATION OF MONITORING
WELL
The scope of work includes installation of one nested groundwater monitoring well at a
location approximately 600 feet west-northwest of well GMX-MW-61 on property owned by
PG&E (Figure 1). Selection 0fthe final location is contingent on approval by PG&E or other
property owners and clearance of utilities and other aboveground or underground obstructions.
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The well construction methods will be similar to other well nests previously installed at the site.
Pre-field activities, field methods, and reporting for construction of this well are summarized
below. A copy of the Geomatrix protocols for drilling, soil sampling, and well installation is
included in Appendix A.
2.1 PRE-FIELD ACTIVITIES
Pre-field activities will include utility clearance, permitting, and preparation of a site-specific
health and safety plan. Geomatrix will review available PG&E underground utility plans, mark
the proposed well location, and notify Underground Services Alert (USA) of the planned
drilling activities. A well construction permit will be obtained from the Kern County
Environmental Health Services Division (KCEHSD). The existing health and safety plan for
the site will be revised to include the planned drilling activities..
2.2 DRILLING AND SOIL SAMPLING
One triple-nested monitoring well (GMX-MW-67) will be installed west-northwest of
monitoring well GMX-MW-61 on PG&E property at the approximate location shown on
Figure 1. The borehole for the well will be drilled and sampled using mud rotary drilling and
soil coring sampling methods. Anticipated total depth of the boring for the well nest is
approximately 200 feet below ground surface (bgs), or about 125 feet below the current water
table depth. The initial borehole will be 5-5/8 inches in diameter for logging purposes. The
borehole will be reamed to a diameter of 12 inches for construction of the well.
Prior to drilling, a hand auger will be advanced to an approximate depth.of 10 feet bgs to search
for underground obstructions. After the presence of underground obstructions has been
cleared, drilling activities will begin. All downhole drilling equipment will be steam-cleaned
prior to use.
From ground surface to the top of the water table (approximately 75 feet bgs), soils will be
logged using drill cuttings. From the top of the water table to total depth, the soil boring will
be continuous smnpled using a mud rotary soil coring system. A Geomatrix field engineer or
geologist under the supervision of a professional engineer or geologist registered in the State of
California will perform the logging. The soils will be described in accordance with the Unified
Soil Classification System (USCS) and will be recorded on a log. Visual grain-size
distribution, color, moisture content, and other pertinent characteristics will be included on the
soil boring log.
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GEEOMATRIX
2.3 GEOPHYSICAL LOGGING
I When total depth of the soil boring is reached, the borehole will be geophysically.logged to
obtain detailed stratigraphic information. Point resistivity, spontaneous potential, 6-foot lateral,
I and natural gamma ray logs will be collected.
2.4 WELL INSTALLATION
Following geophysical logging, the borehole will be reamed to 12-inches in diameter and a
triple-nested well will be installed in. the borehole. Well construction will be similar to existing
dual-nested well GMX-MW-62(S/D). We anticipate that the three well casings will be
installed to total depths of about 200, 150, and 100 feet bgs. The two shallow wells will be
constructed using nominal 2-inch diameter Schedule 40 PVC casing and slotted PVC well
screen with 0.020-inch factory-machined slots. The deep well will be constructed using
nominal 4-inch diameter casing. The well screens will extend from approximately 180 to 200,
from 140 to 160, and from 65 to 95 feet bgs (across the water table). The depths and lengths of
these screened intervals change based soil core and geophysical logging data.
may
upon
Silica sand filter pack will be placed within the annular space between the well screens and the
boring. The filter pack will extend to a depth approximately 2 feet above the top of each of the
well screens. A transition seal consisting of bentonite chips or pellets will be placed above
each filter pack: to act as a transition seal between the screened intervals. The bentonite
transition seals will be hydrated in place using potable water. The remaining annular space
above the transition seal will be sealed with cement-bentonite and the well will be
upper
grout,
completed with either an aboveground completion or with an at-grade, traffic-rated well box,
depending on site conditions. A schematic diagram showing the proposed well construction is
included as Figure 2.
2.5 WELL DEVELOPMENT
Well development will be initiated during the placement of the sand filter pack. The well
-screen intervals will be surged and bailed to promote settling of the filter pack and removal of
fines pulled into the well screen.
Additional well development will be performed at least 48 hours following placement of the
annular seals. A development rig equipped with a surge block, bailer, and submersible pump
will be mobilized to the site. During development, field water quality parameters including pH,
specific conductance, turbidity, and temperature will be monitored. Development will be
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GEOMATRIX
continued until a minimum of 10 casing volumes of water are removed and field water quality
I parameters have stabilized.
I ' 2,6 SURVEYING
A California licensed surveyor will survey and record the horizontal and vertical location of the
I top of each well casing, and ground surface adjacent to the well. Survey data will be relative to
' mean sea level and the State Plane Coordinate System. The survey data will be tied to the
existing wells previously surveyed at the site.
2.7 GROUNDWATER SAMPLING AND ANALYSIS
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I The newly installed monitoring well will be sampled approximately two to four weeks
following installation in accordance with the procedures established for the semi-annual
I monitoring program for the site. The samples will be labeled, placed in an chest,
ice-chilled
and transported under standard chain-of-custody procedures to American Analytics, a State' of
1m California certified laboratory located in Chatsworth, California. The groundwater samples
will be analyzed for total extractable petroleum hydrocarbons (TEPH) with carbon chain length
-~ speciation and 'total volatile petroleum hydrocarbons (TVPH) using EPA Method 8015
modified, and fbr benzene, toluene, ethylbenzene, xylenes (BTEX) and MtBE using EPA
Modified 8020. If detected, MtBE concentrations will be confirmed using EPA Method
I 8260A.
I 3.0 MANAGEMENT OF INVESTIGATION-DERIVED RESIDUALS
Purge water and decon water, and expended health and safety equipment w!ll be placed in
I labeled Department of Transportation approved 55-gallon drums pending disposal by WOrld.
Soil cuttings and drilling mud will be handled in a manner consistent with past practices for the
I project. These practices include stockpiling of the soil cuttings and containing the drilling mud
at the former Sunland Oil Refinery. The stoCkpile and drilling mud container will be covered
Iwith plastic pending receipt of the analytical results for stockpiled soil samples. Based on the
analytical results, World will request authorization from the San Joaquin Valley Air Pollution
Board to spread the soil cuttings and possibly drilling mud on site to remediate any
hydrocarbons that may be present. If drilling mud is not spread on site with the soil cuttings, it
will be properly disposed at an off-site location.
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GEOMATRIX
4.0 SCHEDULE
Mobilization fi)r installation of the off-site groundwater monitoring well will begin within 30
days of receipt of the work plan approval from the RWQCB. This timetable is contingent upon
receiving timely access to the drilling location from PG&E or a new site owner. The well
installation report will be submitted to the RWQCB within 45 days of receiving the final
groundwater analytical results.
I $.0 APPROACH FOR ADDITIONAL OFF-SITE MONITORING WELLS
The need for additional off-site groundwater monitoring locations will be assessed following
I installation and sampling of GMX-MW-67 and review of data from previous site
pG&E
investigations and from existing PG&E water supply and groundwater monitoring wells. At
I this time, we anticipate that the next phase of off-site investigation may involve installation of
one or two nested wells. If significant concentrations of benzene or MtBE are detected in
I groundw/~ter smnples from GMX-MW-67, World may propose that another well be installed in
the downgradient direction (northwest) from GMX-MW-67. The objective of this well would
i be to further delineate the downgradient extent of the benzene and MtBE. in groundwater. If
low concentrations or non-detect results are reported in groundwater samples collected from
GMX-MW-67, World may propose that two additional off-site wells be installed: one west to
i northwest of existing well GMX-MW-62 and one northeast of existing well 1.
GMX[MW-6
The objective of these wells would be to further assess the extent of benzene and MtBE impacts
I to groundwater at these locations.
6.0 MONITORING WELL INSTALLATION REPORT
Results of installation and sampling of GMS-MW-67 and a proposed approach for installation
I of additional monitoring wells will be verbally communicated to the RWQCB.
A written report on installation of new off-site monitoring wells will be prepared following
I completion of the wells drilled during this phase of investigation, report, which will
The
contain the final boring logs, well construction information, and groundwater sampling results,
Iwill be submitted to the R,.WQCB within 30 days of receiving the final groundwater analytical
data from the last well installed.
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GEOMA'I'RIX
FIGURES
ROSEDALE HIGHWAY 58 '
NORTH EAST wa e
wa 3.j~. NON-OPERATIONAL AREA
TREE FARM TENNECO 9 o~OO
REID-KCL 3
I ~ EXPL~ATION
CONSTRUCTION YARD
~ ..... LEASE LINE, PROPERTY BOUND~Y
REID-KCL 1~ EID-KCL 2 ~ ~ - ......... CENTER LINE OF COFFEE R0~
~ FUEL OIL
TENNECO 4 TANK~4 - Fuel Island 6 FT. CH~N LINK FENCE LINE
wo 2 TEN~ECO 6 ~WeilsWater
· ~.2 ~ ~ - . E~TH CONT~NMENT DIKE
~= ,~,,.,w-x~ SOIL V~OR EXTRACTION/GROUNDWATER
FUEL TANK FARM ' ~ ' MONITORING WELL LOCATION
FUEL OIL G~dX~MW~ GROUNDWATER MONITORING
YOUNGER PERCOLATION PONDS FUEL OIL FUEL OIL TANK*~ G WELL LOCATION
TANK ~3 TANK ~2
PONDING
AREA ~ ~ G~ (S~) PROPOSED GROUNDWATER MONITORING
Water ~ ~ Water WELL LOCATION
We)l '7~ Well '6
Tree Form ~ ] W~ PG~E TEMPOR~Y MONITORING WELL
Water Well ~5~ ~verflow Pond ~ LOCATION
COOLING
m) . m O GM)3MV'"'~ 1 TOWERS.
~TENNECO 3 m -- - - - ~DONED OIL WELL LOCATION
~ i POWER GENERATION & ~ ' o c
~ 230 Kv COOLING TOWER Jm o
SUBSTATION I ~ o : Ol I l ) ' ~NNEC05
i ~ o : om ~J ~ / [~ o ACTIVE OIL WELL LOCATION
' D 0 ~ 0
. ~NNECO 4
W~TER
INJECTION
WELL
LOCATION
. / ~ , O FARM-KC L.~ / WA~R ~LL ~1
. 1'5Kv m ~ ~ POWER 0 ~ ~ ~ ~ e WATER SUPPLY WELL LOCATION
wa 1 YARD [ ) ~ BLDG. ]/~/
I, SOURCE OF U~: PATRICK ~D HENDERSON INC.,S,P.C.C.
FACILITY PL~. T~K F~MS AND REFINERY. DATED
u ~ SWITCH ~ I I ////~'7 ~. / H DECEMBER 13, 1985. NEW COFFEE RO~ ELEVATED BERM,
N FORMER COFFEE RO~, ~D PGEE SITE INFORMATION FROM
~ I ~oter We(msy~/~,' Y~I / ~j:' ~JQT .... ~N ~_ PG&E KPP PHASE Ii ESA, PLATE 2-1 (IT CORP., 2000).
ON
~ ~)~]~ ~, ~ M~CH 18 ~D NOVEMBER 5, 1996.
OLDER PERCOLATION PONDS ~ 2J -- ~.~ · ' 3.SITE FEATURES ~D STRUCTURE LOCATIONS ~E ~PROXIMATE.
4 .... x .... ~ ~ Bosemop modified from figure provided by
: ~ .~ ~¢ , . ~ ~ The Source Oroup, lnc. and pla[e provided by
IT
Corp.
,; , WELL LOCATION
~ ' ~}, ~, ~i ~ ~ FORMER SUN.ND'OIL REFINERY
~ ~ 2152 COFFEE ROAD
~ , ' " ~ Bakersfield California
I ~LOCKING
AT OR ABOVE GRADE ~ WELL
I COMPLETION k'"?,, ~ MONUMENT
I WELL CAP-- --~ .--. -- WELL CAP
~ GROUND SURFACE
BLANK 2-INCH DIAMETER -- -e GROUT
SCH. 40 PVC CASING e- BLANK 2-INCH DIAMETER
I SCH. 40 PVC CASING
i CHIPS OR PELLETS)
I BLANK 2-INCH DIAMETER · .'~-e ..i i. ~ ·
SCH. 40 PVC CASING '.:' ·-i ' ~,'_'
APPROXIMATE ._~___ ._..,_
I WATER TABLE ~ j'..' ~'.'
'.' : .~ '.-~. 2-INCH DIAMETER SCH.40 PVC
:. '. 'i~i. 0.02-INCH SLOT WELLSCREEN
.. ~ ' 'ix- 'e- FILTER SAND
i.
:' "' "' I END CAP
" I
~_~ ~/ ~ SEAL (BENTONITE CHIPS
I ' ~ OR PELLETS)
I
2-INCH DIAMETER SCH.40 PVC . ~ ' · · e~. FILTER SAND
O.02-1NCHSLOTWELLSCREEN ~ . ,'.'~__,'.".
I ~ '~ '. '".' '. '." .' OR PELLETS)
4-INCH DIAMETER SCH.40 PVC-- '.' ' ' '
0.02-INCH SLOT \NELLSCREEN ~ ' ' ' -' '~= FILTER SAND
END CAP ~-.-~,,,,....'.' .. ...
:..'.; ~.'.:...'.. :.
NOT TO SCALE
_1~ '~'"'~'~ TYPICAL TRIPLE COMPLETION NESTED
s MONITORING WELL CONSTRUCTION DIAGRAM dram 5825.007
Iii FORMER SUNLAND OIL REFINERY
· GEOMATRIX 2152 COFFEE ROAD Dete
~,. · Bakersfield, California ,~2/~5/00
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GEOMATRIX
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I APPENDIX A
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! GEOMATRIX PROTOCOLS
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GEOMATRIX
I PROTOCOL
DRILLING AND DESTRUCTION OF SOIL BORINGS
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1.0 INTRODUCTION
I
This protocol describes the procedures to be followed during drilling and destruction of soil
I borings. The soil borings will provide information about geologic conditions, soil engineering
properties, and/or soil quality. If the soil boring is utilized for well installation, the well will
I be installed in accordance with the protocol INSTALLATION OF WELLS.
I The procedures presented herein are intended to be of general use and may be supplemented
Iby a work plan and/or health and safety plan. As the work progresses and if warranted,
appropriate revisions may be made by the project manager. Detailed procedures in this
I protocol may be superseded by applicable regulatory requirements.
If required, permits for drilling of s0il borings will be acquired from the appropriate agency(s)
before drilling is initiated, and an underground utility check will be conducted before drilling
An utility check will, at a minimum, consist of local utility
begins.
underground
contacting
a
alert service, if available.
2.0 DRILLING
A DAILY FIELD RECORD will be completed for each day of fieldwork, and the original will
be kept in the project files.
The soil borings will be drilled using rotary, hollow stem auger, direct-push, or other
appropriate method. In all rotary borings, compressed air will be filtered to remove oils
before being circulated into the borehole. In mud rotary borings, appropriate drilling fluid
additives, such as bentonite, will be used to maintain an open hole and to carry cuttings to the,
DRILLING AND DESTRUCTION OF SOIL BORINGS Page 1 of 6
MSC\PROTO-DD.TXT REVISION DATE: MARCH 1996 DD-1
GEOMATRIX
surface. However, organic drilling fluid additives will only be used with prior project
manager approval. The drilling mud will be circulated into a settling tank or basin located
near the boring. The viscosity of the drilling fluid will be assessed periodically by the driller
and will be controlled throughout the drilling operation to achieve the required results (hole
stability, sample return, and mud cake thickness along borehole wall). Only potable water will
be used as makeup water for drilling fluid. Exploratory borings drilled using the hollow stem
auger method generally do not require the use of drilling fluid. If required, potable water
from a municipal supply will be used to maintain boring stability.
The planned depth of each soil boring will be determined by the project manager before
drilling. The Geomatrix field geologist/engineer will specify to the drill rig operator the depth
of soil sample collection, method of sample retrieval, and other matters pertaining to the
satisfactory completion of the borings. Geomatrix staff will observe the volume of drill
cuttings returned to assess whether significant cavitation has occurred. Drill cuttings, unused
soil samples, and drilling fluids generated during drilling of soil borings will be stored
properly for future disposal by the client, unless other arrangements have been made.
I The drill rods, augers, hoses, bits, and other components that fluids and cuttings contact will
be steam-cleaned before drilling each boring, as .well as at the beginning of each project and at
Ithe completion of field' activities. Drive samplers will be cleaned with Alconox and water or
steam-cleaned before each sampling event. Only potable water from a municipal supply will
I be used for decontamination of drilling equipment. Decontamination rinsate will be collected
and stored properly for future disposal by the client, unless other arrangements have been
I made.
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MSC\PROTO-DD.TXT REVISION DATE: MARCH 1996 DD-2
I 3.0 SAMPLING AND LOGGING
3.1 OBTAINING SAMPLES
Borings will be continuously cored or sampled at depth intervals specified by the project
manager, based on use boring, sampling recommended;
the
intended
of
the
Continuous
is
however, samples and/or cuttings will be obtained for logging purposes at least every 5 feet
for all borings. Drive samples will be used to log hollow stem auger borings if continuous
cores are not collected. The samples and/or drill cuttings will be collected and described. A
lithologic log of these samples will be made. Samples for chemical analysis will be collected
in accordance with the protocol SOIL SAMPLING FOR CHEMICAL ANALYSIS.
3.1.1 Discrete Sampling
For discrete Sampling of mud rotary or auger borings, sampling will be accomplished by
driving or pushing a split-barrel sampler or Shelby tube. The field geologist/engineer will
record information on the BORING LOG pertaining to the sampling, such as rate of
penetration, hydraulic ram pressure or drive-hammer blow count, coring smoothness, and
sample recovery. In general, the split-barrel sampler will be opened for observation and
logging of the retrieved core.
I At selected depth intervals, the split-barrel sampler may fitted brass or stainless steel
b~
with
liners for collection of soil samples for possible subsequent chemical or physical testing.
I Samples may be retained for future review and/or preserved for chemical or physical testing,
as specified by the project manager. The samples will be stored and labeled to show project
I number, boring number, and cored interval denoted either by depth or a sequential numbering
system. Procedures for preservation and transport of soil samples retained for chemical
I analysis are presented in the protocol SOIL SAMPLING FOR CHEMICAL ANALYSIS.
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MSC\PROTO-DD.TXT REVISION DATE: MARCH 1996 DD-3
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I 3.1.2 Collecting Drill Cuttings
The field geologist/engineer may observe drill cuttings from the drilling fluid return for
I lithologic information to supplement, discrete sampling. Sampling and logging will be
cuttings
performed as follows:
I
1. The height of the drilling table above ground surface, lengths of the drill bit, sub
I and drill collars, and length of drill rods should be taken into account in calculat-
ing the depth of penetration.
I 2. In mud rotary drilling, a small-diameter, fine mesh hand screen will be used to
obtain a sample of the cuttings from the borings by holding the screen directly in
the flow of the drill fluid return line. In air rotary drilling, cuttings will be
I collected after discharge from the cyclone.
I 3. In rotary drilling, a composite sample may be obtained from the return line by
leaving the screen in place during the time it takes the driller to advance the boring
to a preselected depth.
I 4. In rotary drilling, the travel time for cuttings to reach the surface may be estimated
each time the driller adds a new length of drill rod by timing the first arrival of
cuttings after circulation is resumed. This travel time can be used along with the
depth of penetration to estimate the start and finish of each 5-foot sampling
interval.
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3.2 LOGGING OF EXPLORATORY BORINGS
The observations of the field geologist/engineer will be recorded on a BORING LOG OR
WELL LOG a.t the time of drilling. The drill rig operator and the field geologist/engineer will
I discuss significant changes in material penetrated, drilling cdnditions, hydraulic pressure,
drilling action, and drilling fluid circulation rate. The field geologist/engineer will be present
I during drilling of soil borings and will observe and record such changes by time and depth.
I Drill cuttings and core samples will be observed in the field. A lithologic description will be
i recorded on the BORING LOG using the Unified Soil Classification System (USCS) as
described in the American Society of Testing and Materials (ASTM) Standard D 2488-90.
I This description will include the USCS soil type, grain sizes and estimated percentages of
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MSC\PROTO-DD.TXT REVISION,DATE: MARCH 1996 DD-4
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Ieach, moisture content, color according to the Munsell color charts (Kollmorgen Instruments
Corp.), plasticity for fine-grained materials, consistency, and other pertinent information, such
Ias degree of induratiOn, calcareous content, presence of fossils and other distinctive materials.
I The original field logs will be retained by the Geomatrix office for review by the responsible
professional and for storage in the project files.
i 4.0 GEOPHYSICAL LOGS
i Following completion of drilling, downhole geophysical logs may be performed after the
drilling fluid has been circulated to decrease the amount of suspended sediment in the return
I fluid. Geophysical methods and equipment will be selected to provide stratigraphic or
hydrogeologic data appropriate for the project. Geophysical logging will be done as quickly
I and promply after drilling as feasible, while the boring sidewall is still in stable condition, to
reduce the possibility of bridging. Instruments on the logging unit will be adjusted to try to
I give the maximum definition of strata boundaries. All downhole geophysical equipment will
be cleaned before and after use in each borehole.
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5.0 FIELD SCREENING
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Soil samples collected from the borings may be screened using a portable meter such as a
I photoionization detector (PID), a flame ionization detector (FID), a lower explosion limit
(LEL) meter or other organic vapor meter. The meter may be used to assess the presence of
I volatile organic compounds (VOCs) or other gases in soil samples. Additional field screening
itechniques for chemical characterization of soils may include x-ray fluorescence (XRF) and
thin-layer chromatography (TLC). Procedures for field screening are described in the protocol
I SOIL SAMPLING FOR CHEMICAL ANALYSIS.
I
i DRILLING AND DESTRUCTION OF SOIL BORINGS Page 5 of 6
MSC\PROTO-DD.TXT REVISION DATE: MARCH 1996 DD-5
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GEOMATRIX
6.0 DESTROYING SOIL BORINGS
I borings are not completed as monitoring wells will be destroyed by filling the holes
Soil
that
with a neat cement grout, cement/sand grout, or cement/bentonite grout. A high-solids
bentonite grout may be used if appropriate. Geomatrix field staff will calculate the borehole
volume and compare it to the volume of grout used to evaluate whether bridging has occurred.
I These calculations and the actual volume emplaced will be noted on the BORING LOG. The
grout will be placed in continuous lifts from the bottom of the boring to a depth of 20 feet
I above the water table. The grout will be emplaced by pumping it through the hollow stem
i augers, drill pipe, tremie pipe, or flexible hose initially lowered to the bottom of the borings
and raised incrementally as placement proceeds. If hollow stem augers are used, the augers
I should be raised incrementally as grout emplacement proceeds. Augers will not be raised in
increments greater than 20 feet or greater than allowed by borehole stability. Borings that are
I terminated above the water table and not greater than 20 feet deep may be destroyed by
continuous lifts originating at the ground surface. The grout will be pumped or poured until a
Ireturn of fresh grout is visible at the surface. Additional grout may need to be added to the
soil boring if significant settlement has occurred after the grout has set.
!
i
Attachments: Daily Field Record
I Boring Log
Well Log
i
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i DRILLING AND DESTRUCTION OF SOIL BORINGS Page 6 of 6
MSC\PROTO-DD.TXT REVISION DATE: MARCH 1996 DD~6
DALLY FIELD RECORD
Page 1 of~
Project and Task Number: Date:
Project Name: Field Activity:
Location: Weather:
Time of OVM Calibration:
Steel-toed Boots Hard Hat Tyvek Coveralls
Rubber Gloves Safety Goggles 1/2-Face Respirator
Forms(PF).004 (Revised 12/95)
I DALLY FIELD RECORD (continued)
Page
I Project and Task Number: Date:
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I Forms(PF).005 (Revised 12/95}
PROJECT:
Log of Boring No.
BORING LOCATION: ELEVATION AND DATUM:'
DRILLING CONTRACTOR: DATE sTARTED: DATE FINISHED:
DRILLING METHOD: TOTAL DEPTH: MEASURING POINT:
DRILLING EQUIPMENT: DEPTH TO WATER: i FIRST m'~ COMPL.
SAMPLING METHOD: LOGGED BY:
HAMMER WEIGHT: I DROP: RESPONSIBLE PROFESSIONAL: ~'i REG. NO.
SAMPLES. :~
~ ~ · ~ ~. DESCRIPTION
- . cc ~. NAME (USCS Symbol): color, moist, % by weight., plast., consistency, structure, cementation, react, w/HCl, geo. inter. REMARKS
~ ~ >
03 ~ o Surface Elevation:
B-'~ (12/95)
Project No. I Ge°matrix C°nSultants lFigure
B~I~ (Blank) · -
PROJECT:
Log of Boring No.
SAMPLES ._~
~-~' ~ ~ ~-~' DESCRIPTION
~ ~ ~ ;~ ~' ~ ~ ~ ~ NAME (USC$ Symbol): color, moist, % by weight., plast., consistency, structure, cementation, react, w/HC,, geo. inter. REMARKS
' 8-2 (12/95)
Project No. I Geomatrix Consultants I Figurb
B-2 (Blank)
PROJECT:
Log of Well No.
BORING LOCATION: ELEVATION AND DA~'UM:
DRILLING CONTRACTOR: DATE STARTED: DATE FINISHED:
DRILLING METHOD: TOTAL DEPTH: SCREEN INTERVAL:
DEPTH TO '~ FIRST '~ COMPL. CASING:
DRILLING EQUIPMENT: WATER:
SAMPLING METHOD: LOGGED BY:
HAMMER WEIGHT: I DROP: RESPONSIBLE PROFESSIONAL: ~'~ REG. NO.
SAMPLES ~ DESCRIPTION
I~ ~O ~" consistency, structure,, cementation, react, w/HCI, geo. inter. AND/OR DRILLING REMARKS
'~ ~ ~" ~ Surface Elevation:
-
_
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w-1 (12/95)
Project No. I" Geomatrix Consultants I Figure
W-1 (E~lank)
I PROJECT:
Log of Well No.
i SAMPLES .~
~ · · ~. DESCRIPTION WELL CONSTRUCTION DETAILS
- ' :2 ,~ NAME (USCS Symbol): color, moist, % by weight., ptast., ·AND/OR DRILLING REMARKS
~ ;~ ~ ~ ,, > consistency, structure, cementation, react, w/HCI, geo. inter.
I ~ w-2 (12/95)
Project No. I Geomatrix Consultants Figure
I W-2 (Blank)
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GEOMATRIX
I PROTOCOL
SOIL SAMPLING FOR CHEMICAL ANALYSIS
i 1.0 INTRODUCTION
i This protocol, describes the procedures to be followed for collecting soil samples for chemical
analysis and conducting soil field screening in conjunction with drilling soil borings and
I excavating soil. The laboratory must be certified by the appropriate regulating agency for the
analyses to be performed.
If required, permits will be acquired from the appropriate agency, and an underground utility
I check will be performed before drilling or excavating begins. An underground utility check
will, at a minimum, consist of contacting a local utility alert service, if available.
The procedures presented herein are intended to be of general use and may be supplefhented
I by a work plan and/Or health and safety plan. As the work progresses and if warranted,
appropriate revisions may be made by the pr'oject manager. Detailed procedures in this
I protocol may be superseded by applicable regulatory requirements.
I 2.0 SAMPLE COLLECTION
I Soil samples may be collected during drilling or excavating activities. The procedures for
I sample collection are discussed below.
I 2.1 SAMPLE COLLECTION DURING DRILLING
The drilling of soil borings will be conducted in accordance with the protocol DRILLING
IAND DESTRUCTION OF SOIL BORINGS. The soil sampler either will be washed with
laboratory grade detergent-water solution to remove soil present and rinsed with potable water,
I or it may be steam-cleaned prior to and between sampling. Soil samples will be collected in
clean brass or stainless steel liners that have been washed with detergent-water solution and
SOIL SAMPLING FOR CHEMICAL ANALYSIS Page 1 of 6
i MSC\PROTO-SS.TXT REVISION DATE: MARCH 1996 SS-1
GEOMATRIX
I rinsed with potable water or steam-cleaned. The liners will generally be placed in a 2-inch- or
2.5-inch-diameter split-spoon sampler and then driven or pushed into the soil at the selected
I sampling depth. The sample will be parted at the joints between the liners using a clean, sharp
stainless steel knife or spatula. Alternatively, a subsample for chemical analyses may also be
I collected by driving a smaller-diameter liner into the center of the larger core sample, taking
i care to reduce the potential for sample disturbance and air space within the liner. If the soil
sample is collected using a hand auger, a subsample should be collected from the core of the
I auger, again taking care to reduce the potential for sample disturbance and air space within the
liner. If the sample is to be analyzed for non-volatiles only, a loose sample may be placed in a
I g
lass jar. Samples to be analyzed for metals may be homogenized before analysis either in the
field or by the laboratory to provide results more representative of average concentrations in
Ithe sampling interval.
I2.2 SAMPLE COLLECTION DURING EXCAVATION
Excavated soil will be sampled as required under the appropriate agency guidelines, if~'
I applicable, or as necessary to provide the data desired. The lateral and vertical dimensions of
the excavation, as well as the sample location and depth, will be mapped, and the volume
I estimated. If possible, samples will be collected from the backhoe or excavator'bucket without
entering the excavation. Samples may be collected directly from the walls or floor of the
I excavation, provided Occupational Safety and Health Administration (OSHA) regulations are
ifolloWed before entering an excavation.
I Soil stockpiles also may be sampled after completion of excavation. If they are sampled, the
stockpile location, dimensions, and sample locations will be mapped, and the stockpile volume .
Iwill be estimated. If compositing of soil samples containing volatile compounds is required, it
should be performed by .the laboratory.
I
The soil from excavations or stockpiles should be sampled by scraping away 3 to 6 inches of
I surface soil or hand augering to a known depth. A clean glass jar, brass tube, or stainless
I SOIL SAMPLING FOR CHEMICAL ANALYSIS Page 2 of 6
· MSC\PROTO~SS.TXT REVISION DATE: MARCH 1996 S5-2
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GEOMATRIX
steel tube will be forced into the soil to completely fill the container, or a clean hammer
sampler may be used in conjunction with brass or stainless steel liners.
3.0 SAMPLE HANDLING AND PRESERVATION
Soil samples will be handled using the following procedures:
1. Clean gloves appropriate for the chemicals of concern will be worn by the
sampler before touching the sample containers, and care will be taken to avoid
contact with the sample.
2, The sample will be quickly observed for color, appearance, and composition.
The ends of the liners will be immediately covered with Teflon* sheeting and/or
aluminum foil, capped with plastic end caps, and sealed with tape. Glass jars
will be immediately sealed with a lid.
3. The sample container will be labeled before or immediately after sampling with
a self-adhesive label having the following information written in waterproof ink:
Geomatrix
· Project number
· Sample ID number
· Date and time sample was collected
· Initials of sample collector
4. The sample will be placed in a chest, that contains ice or blue ice if required,
for transPort to the laboratory. Table 1 lists common analyses performed and
the appropriate storage ~tnd handling requirements.
4.0 DOCUMENTATION
4.1 FIELD DATA SHEETS
A DAILY FIELD RECORD will be completed for each day of fieldwork. Locations and
unique identification of soil samples collected from soil borings will be recorded on the
BORING LOG or WELL LOG. Locations and unique identification of soil samples collected
from excavations or stockpiles will be recorded on a DAILY FIELD RECORD, site map,-
and/or other appropriate form. Samples may also be recorded on a SAMPLE CONTROL
SOIL SAMPLING FOR CHEMICAL ANALYSIS Page 3 of 6
MSC\PROTO-SS.TXT REVISION DATE: MARCH 1996 S5-3
GEOMATRIX
LOG SHEET or in the DAILY FIELD RECORD as a means of identifying and tracking the
samples. Following review by the project manager, the original field records will be kept in
the project file.
I 4.2 CHAIN-OF-CUSTODY PROCEDURES
i After samples have been collected and labeled, they will be maintained under chain-of-custody
procedures. These procedures document the transfer of custody of samples from the field to
Ithe laboratory. Each sample sent to the laboratory for analysis will be recorded on a CHAIN-
OF-CUSTODY RECORD, which will include instructions to the laboratory on the analytical
Iservices required.
I Information contained on the triplicate CHAIN-OF-CUSTODY RECORD will include:
I * Project number
· Signature of sampler
· Date and time sampled "'
I · Sample I.D.
· Number of samPle containers
· Sample matrix (soil, water, or other)
* Analyses required
· Remarks, including preservatives, special Conditions, or specific quality
control measures
I Turnaround time and person to receive laboratory report
·
· Method of shipment to the laboratory
i · Release signature of sampler and signatures of all peoPle assuming
custody
· Condition of samples when received by laboratory (to be completed by
I the laboratory)
Blank spaces on the CHAIN-OF-CUSTODY RECORD will be crossed out between the last
I
sample listed and the signatures at the bottom of the sheet.
I The field sampler will sign the CHAIN-OF-CUSTODY RECORD and will record the time
and date at the time of transfer to the laboratory or an intermediate person. A set of signatures
i is required for each relinquished/received transfer, including transfer within Geomatrix. The
i SOIL SAMPLING FOR CHEMICAL ANALYSIS Page 4 of 6
MSC\PROTO-SS.TXT REVISION DATE: MARCH 1996 8S-4
I
original imprint of the CHAIN-OF-CUSTODY RECORD will accompany the sample
containers; a duplicate copy will be kept in the Geomatrix project file.
If the samples are to be shipped to the laboratory, the original CHAIN-OF-CUSTODY
relinquishing the samples will be sealed inside a plastic bag within the ice chest, and the chest
will be sealed with custody tape which has been signed and dated by the last person listed on
the chain-of-custody. U.S. Department of Transportation shipping requirements will be
followed and the sample shipping receipt will be retained in the project files as part of the
permanent chain-of-custody document. The shipping company (e.g., Federal Express, UPS,
DHL) will not sign the chain-of-custody forms as a receivor; instead the laboratory will sign
as a receivor when the samples are received.
5.0 SOIL FIELD SCREENING
Soil will occasionally be screened using a field instrument or method. Readings should be
recorded on the BORING LOG, WELL LOG, DAILY FIELD RECORD, or another form
prepared for this purpose. Two screening methods are described below.
5.1 ORGANIC VAPOR METERS
A portable photoionization detector (PID), flame ionization detector (FID), lower explosive
limit meter (LEL), or other type of organic vapor meter (OVM) may be used to screen soil.
The purpose o.f the field screening is to assess the presence of volatile organic compounds
(VOCs) in the soil. The meter measures total VOCs in the air in parts per million (ppm) by
volume in reference to a selected standard. The meter will be calibrated each day prior to the
soil sampling. The meter cannot specifically identify each volatile compound, but can be
adjusted to be sensitive to selected volatile organics. Before choosing a meter, the response
factor of the meter to the chemicals of concern at the site should be considered. Soil should be
screened as soon as possible after being exposed 'to the atmosphere. The general procedure for
screening is as folloWs:
I SOIL SAMPLING FOR CHEMICAL ANALYSIS Page 5 of 6
MSC\PROVO-SS.VXT REVISION DATE: MARCH 1996 SS-5
!
1. Using a clean tool, dig a hole to expose fresh soil in a backhoe bucket or
stockpile, or separate the brass liners from a driven sample.
2. Insert the probe of the OVM into the hole, taking care not to cl0g the probe
with soil. Alternatively, headspace readings may be taken by placing soil in a
covered (e.g., aluminum foil or Teflon® sheet) clear glass jar or plastic
resealable bag, and after several minutes have elapsed, introducing the probe
into the headspace area. No soil sample used for headspace screening will be
submitted to the laboratory for chemical analysis.
3. Record the results in ppm for PIDs and FIDs, and in percent of the lower
explosive limit for LELs.
4. Ensure that the instrument returns to a zero measurement before the next
reading. If necessary, move to an area without measurable organic vapors to
zero-out the instrument.
6.0 EQUIPMENT CLEANING
The sampler, brass or stainless steel liners, spatula, and tools used in assembly and
disassembly of the soil sampler will be cleaned before and after each use. All soil will be
removed from the tools and parts, and the tools will be steam-cleaned or washed in laboratory-
'
grade detergent water with a brush, followed by rinsing in potable water. Decontamination
rinsate will be collected and stored properly for future disposal by the client unless other
arrangements have been made.-
!
Attachments: Table: Water and Soil Analytical Methods and Sample Handling
I Figures: Daily Field Record
Boring Log
Well Log
i Chain-of-Cust/>dy Record
Sample Control Log Sheet
I SOIL SAMPLING FOR CHEMICAL ANALYSIS Page 6 of 6
MSC\PROTO-SS.TXT RE¥1SION DATE: MARCH 1996 $5-6
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GEOMATRIX
TABLE 1
WATER AND SOIL ANALYTICAL METHODS AND SAMPLE HANDLING
Parameter MethodIWater Containers~ Preservati°n~ Maximum Holding Time~
Total Petroleum Hydrocarbons:
· as diesel GCFID (3550)2 2 - 1 liter amber glass cool on ice 14 days (unacidified water, 7 days)
· as gasoline GCFID (5030)2 2 - 40 ml VOA glass HCL to pH 2 in water samples: cool on ice 14 days (unacidified water, 7 days)
Benzene, Toluene, Xylene, and EPA 8020 2 - 40 mi VOA glass HCL to pH 2 in water Samples: cool on ice 14 days (unacidified water, 7 days)~
Ethylbenzene
Oil and Grease 5520 E & F (soil)3
5520 C & F (water)3 2 - 1 liter amber glass H2SO4to pH <2 in water samples: cool on ice 28 days
Volatile Organics EPA 8010 2 - 40 mi VOA glass cool on ice4 14 days (unacidified water, 7 days)
EPA 82405 2 - 40 mi VOA glass HCL to pH 2 in water samples: cool on ice 14 days (unacidified water, 7 days)
Semi-volatile Organics EPA 8270 2 - 1 liter amber glass cool on ice 7 days for extraction, water
14 days for extraction, soil
40 days for analysis
Polynuclear Aromatic EPA 8310 2 - 40 mi VOA glass cool on ice 7 days, water
Hydrocarbons 14 days, soil
Metals (dissolved) EPA 7000 series for 1 - 500 mi plastic Water Samples: field filtration (0.45 micron 6 months, except:
specific metal filter) and field acidify to pH 2 with HNO3 except: Hg - 28 days
Cr+6 - cool on ice Cr+6 - 24 hours, water; 24 hours
after prep, soil
Notes:
~ All soil samples should be collected in full, clean brass liners, capped with aluminum foil or Teflon and plastic caps, and sealed with tape. If soil samples am to be inalyzed for metals, they may be placed in
laboratory-prepared clean glass jars. Soil should be cooled as indicated under ?preservation" and maximum holding times apply to both soil and water unless otherwise noted.
· - For analysis in California, use California DHS recommended procedure as presented in LUFT manual using gas chromatography with a flame ionization detector. In other states, local requirements should be
followed.
~ Method to be used in California Regional Water Quality Control Board North Coast and Central Valley Regions. In other areas, local requirements should be followed.
4 If EPA Methods 8010 and 8020 are to be mn in sequence, HCL may be added. Check with the project manager before adding acid.
~ Chloroethylvinylether may be detected at concentrations below 50 parts per billion due to degradation of HCL.
References:
U.S. EPA, 1986, Test Methods for Evaluating Solid Waste - Physical/Chemical Methods - SW-846, Third Edition, July, and final amendments.
California State Water Resources Control Board, 1989, Leaking Underground Fuel Tank (LUFf) Field Manual, Tables 3-3 and 3-4, October.
California Regional Water Quality Control Boards, North Coast, San Francisco Bay, and Central Valley Regions, 1990, Regional Board Staff Recommendations for Initial Evaluation and Investigation of Underground
Tanks, 10 August.
MSc\PRoTo-WS.TBL
DALLY FIELD RECORD
Page 1 of'
Project and Task Number: Date:
Project Name: ' Field Activity:
Location: Weather:
Time of OVM Calibration:
Steel-toed Boots Hard Hat Tyvek Coveralls
Rubber Gloves Safety Goggles 1/2-Face Respirator
Forms(PF).004 (Revised t2/95)
DALLY FIELD RECORD (continued) o[]o~,^..,x
Page ~ of
Project and Task Number: Date:
Forms(PF).005 (Revised 12/95)
=ROJECT:
Log of Boring No.
BORING LOCATION: ELEVATION AND DATUM:
DRILLING CONTRACTOR: DATE STARTED: DATE FINISHED:
DRILLING METHOD: TOTAL DEPTH: MEASURING POINT:
DRILLING EQUIPMENT: DEPTH TO WATER: '~ FIRST ~'~ COMPL.
SAMPLING METHOD: LOGGED BY:
HAMMER WEIGHT: I DROP: RESPONSIBLE PROFESSIONAL: ~"~ REG. NO.
SAMPLES ~'
~ ~3 DESCRIPTION
. cc ~ NAME (USCS Symbol): color, moist, % by weight., plast., consistency, structure, cementation, react, w/HCL geo. inter· REMARKS
u) o Surface Elevation: ·
B-1 (12/95)
Project No. I Geomatrix Consultants Figure
B-1 (Btank)
PROJECT:
Log of Boring No.
SAMPLES
,, E DESCRIPTION
' e ~ '~O ~ NAME (USC$ Symbol): color, moist, % by weight., plast., consistency, structure, cementation, react, w/HCl, geo. inter.
~. ~ ~' REMARKS
z~. ~
B-2 (12/95)
Project No. I . Geomatrix Consultants Figure
B-2 (Blank)
PROJECT:
Log of Well No.
BORING LOCATION: ELEVATION AND DATUM:
DRILLING CONTRACTOR: DATE STARTED: DATE FINISHED:
DRILLING METHOD: TOTAL DEPTH: SCREEN INTERVAL:
DEPTH TO ', FIRST ', COMPL. CASING:
DRILLING EQUIPMENT: WATER:
SAMPLING METHOD: LOGGED BY:
HAMMER WEIGHT: I DROP: RESPONSIBLE PROFESSIONAL: ~'~ REG. NO.
I
SAMPLES =~ DESCRIPTION
~1~-'~ ~':~m ~'~) ~ ~[~ NAME (USCS Symbol): color, moist, % by weight., plast., WELL CONSTRUCTION DETAILS
U~ o '~ consistency, structure, cementation, react, w/HCl, geo, inter.
~ ~ AND/OR DRILLING REMARKS
03 03 ~ u. ~ Surface Elevation:
/
W-1 (12/95)
Project No. I Geomatrix Consultants Figure
W-1 (Blank)
PROJECT:
Log of Well No.
SAMPLES
~ -o DESCRIPTION WELL CONSTRUCTION DETAILS
I"~ -- ' . ~. ~'~ I~"~ NAME (USCS Symbol): color, moist, % by weight., plast,,
o :~ ~ AND/OR DRILLING REMARKS
C3 ~ ~ ~. ~o consistency, structure, cementation, react, w/HCI, geo. inter.
Project No. t Geomatrix Consultants I Figure
W-2 (Blank)
CHAiN.OF.CUSTODY RECORD I N° I Date: IPage of
Project No.: ANALYSES REMARKS
Samplers (Signatures): ~o ~o ~o ~ ~ ~ .~ AdditionaIComments
Date Time Sample Number u~ ~- ~-
Relinquished by (signature): ~ Date: Relinquished by (signature): Date: Relinquished by (signature): Date: Method of Shipment:
[ p Laborato~ Comments and Log No,:
Pdnted Name: Printed Name: i dnted Name:
Time: Time: Time:
Company: Company: Company:
Received by (signature): Date: Received by (signature): Date: Received by (signature): Date:
Printed Name: Printed Name: Printed Name:
Time: Time: Time: ~
Company: Company: Company:
GEOMATI=IIX
Forms(PF).012b (Revised 12/95)
SAMPLE C'ONTROL LOG
GEOMATRIX
Project Name: Laboratory:
Project and.Task No.: Page __ of
Forms(PF).006 (Revised 12/95)
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GEOMATRIX
PROTOCOL
INSTALLATION AND DESTRUCTION OF WELLS
1.0 INTRODUCTION
This protocol describes the procedures to be followed during the installation or destruction of
monitoring, groundwater extraction, and vapor extraction wells. Drilling and logging of soil
borings for the well installation will be in conformance with the protocol DRILLING OF
SOIL BORINGS. The procedures presented herein are intended to be of general use and may
be supplemented by a work plan and/or health and safety plan. As the work progresses and if
warranted, appropriate revisions may be made by the project manager. Detailed procedures in
this protocol :may be superseded by applicable regulatory requirements.
2.0 WELL INSTALLATION
I A DAILY FIELD RECORD will be completed for each day of fieldwork, and the original will
be kept in the project files. If required, permits will be acquired from the appropriate
Iagency(s), and an underground utility check will be performed before drilling begins. An
underground utility check will, at a minimum, consist of contacting a local utility alert service,
Iif available.
I After well installation, well completion report(s) will be completed and filed with the State
Department of Water Resources or the appropriate agency.
I
Each groundwater monitoring well will be designed to enable measurement of the potentio-
I metric surface and to permit water sampling of a specific water-bearing zone. Each vapor
i monitoring well will be designed to enable measurement of pressure conditions and permit
sampling of a specific zone. The field geologist/engineer, in consultation with the project
I geologist or engineer, who will be licensed in the state in which the work is performed if
required, will specify the screened interval using the lithologic log and geophysical log (if
I INSTALLATION AND DESTRUCTION OF WELLS Page 1 of 8
MSC\PROTO-IW.TXT REVISION DATE:' MARCH 1996 IW- 1
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GEOMATRIX
performed) and will select the well materials and techniques for well completion to be
compatible with the subsurface conditions and the intended use of the well. Construction of all
wells will be in conformance with the following provisions. A TYPICAL MONITORING
WELL CONSTRUCTION DIAGRAM is attached.
2.1 WELL SCREEN AND CASING
The well casing will generally consist of threaded stainless steel or schedule 40 (minimum)
polyvinyl chloride (PVC) casing. The inside diameter of the casing will be large enough to
permit easy passage of an appropriate water-level probe and equipment for purging wells and
water sample collection.
The well screen will generally consist of machine-slotted PVC or wire-wrapped stainless steel
screen. The slot sizes will be compatible with the selected filter material.. The screened
sections will provide flow between the target zone and the well, allowing efficiency in well
development and collection of representative samples.
2.2 FILTER MATERIAL
Filter material will be well-graded, clean sand (generally less than 2 percent by weight passing
a No. 200 sieve and less than 5 percent by weight of calcareous material). The filter material
will be either a standard sand gradation designed for a range of anticipated soil types or a sand
gradation, specifically designed to fit the soils collected from anticipated well completion zone.
2.3 SETTING SCREENS AND RISER CASING
Upon completion of drilling and/or geophysical logging, the boring will be sounded to verify
the total depth, and the well casing will be assembled and lowered into the boring. Well
casing materials will be measured to the nearest 0.1 foot and steam-cleaned before being
lowered into the borehole. The well assembly will be designed so that the well screen is
opposite the target zone. The bottom of the well will be fitted with a secure bottom-end cap.
No PVC cement or other solvents will be used to fasten the well casing joints, well screen
joints, or end caps. When installing wells in an open borehole, stainless steel centralizers will
INSTALLATION AND DESTRUCTION OF WELLS Page 2 of 8
MSC\PROTO-IW.TXT REVISION DATE: MARCH 1996 IW-2
GEOMATRIX
I be used immediately above and. below the well screen and approximately every 30 to 50 feet
along the length of the casing. Centralizers need not be placed on well assemblies installed
I w
ithin augers or drill casings because the auger or drill casing will adequately center the well
casing and screen in the borehole.
!
For borings drilled by the mud rotary method, potable water may be added to the drill mud
I and circulated in the borehole after completion of the boring. Circulation will continue until
the suspended sediment in the return fluid has been decreased. If borehole conditions are
I relatively stable, the mud will be thinned before the casing assembly is lowered to the
specified depth. This is preferred because it reduces the potential for clogging the well screen
I with thick mud. Conversely, if borehole conditions are relatively unstable, the mud will be
ithinned after the casing is placed at the specified depth but prior to installation of annular fill
materials. After installation of the well assembly, a slurry of filter sand and potable water will
Ithen be tremied into the annular space.
I For borings drilled using the hollow stem auger method, the filter sand will be placed after the
well assembly has been lowered to the specific depth through the augers. The augers will be
Iincrementally raised as the filter sand is placed by free fall through the augers. The depth to
the top of the filter pack will be measured after each increment to detect possible bridging. If
I bridging occurs, it will be broken by washing the filter materials into proper place with
potable water or by repeatedly raising and lowering the augers slightly. The amount of ..water,
I if any, added to the borehole should be noted on the BORING LOG or DAILY FIELD
RECORD.
I
For monitoring wells, the filter sand will be placed in a calculated quantity sufficient to fill the
I annular space 'to a level of about 1 to 2 feet above the top of the well screen. For extraction
I wells, the level of filter sand above the well screen will be based on site conditions. The depth
to the top of the filter pack will be. verified by measuring, using a tremie pipe or a weighted
I tape. Groundwater extraction wells or monitoring wells may be surged before placement of
the transition seal to promote filter material settlement, as specified by the project manager.
I INSTALLATION AND DESTRUCTION OF WELLS Page 3 of 8
MSC\PROTO-IW.TXT REVISION DATE: MARCH 1996 IW-3
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GEOMATRIX
I Once the depth to the top of the filter material has been verified, bentonite or fine sand may be
placed in the annular space as a transition seal between the filter material and the grout. A
I sufficient quantity of bentonite or fine sand will be poured to fill the annular space to a level of
about 2 feet above the top of the filter pack. If bentonite is to be placed below standing water,
I a high-solids grout be pumped through a tremie pipe, or pellets may be poured
bentonite
will
through the annulus. If bentonite is to be placed above standing water, a high-solids bentonite
'
grout should be used or pellets may be placed in 6-inch lifts: Unless prohibited by well
conditions, each lift should be hydrated using approximately 1 gallon of potable water per lift
I of pellets. The completed bentonite transition seal will be allowed to hydrate for at least 30
minutes prior to placing the grout. If a layer of fine sand is placed as the transition seal, the
I fine sand will be mixed with potable water and placed as a slurry through the tremie pipe or
i poured dry through the annulus. The depth to the top of the transition seal will be verified by
measuring, using the tremie pipe or a weighted tape.
!
A neat cement grout, cement/sand grout, cement/bentonite grout, or high-solids bentonite
I grout will be placed from the top of the transition seal to the ground surface. The grout seal
will be placed by pumping through a tremie pipe loWered to within 5 feet of the top of the
I transition seal in mud rotary borings. The grout seal will be placed in hollow stem auger
borings by free fall through the augers as they are incrementally raised or by pumping through
Iflexible hose or tremie Pipe lowered to near the bottom of the zone to be grouted. The grout
must be tremied if there is standing water in the augers above the transition seal.
I Grout/additive/water mixtures will be determined on a site-specific basis. Typical
specifications of grout mixtures include: (a) neat cement/bentonite grout, consisting of a
I mixture of one sack (94 pounds) of Portland Type I/II cement, approximately 2 to 5 percent by
weight (of cement) powdered bentonite, and approximately 6 to 8 gallons of water; (b) neat
I cement grout, consisting of one sack of Portland cement and approximately 5 to 6 gallons of
i water; and (c) cement/sand grout, consisting of no more than two parts sand to one part
cement and approximately 7 gallons of water. Only potable water will be used to prepare the
I grout. No work will be done on the monitoring well until after the grout has set
approximately 24 hours.
I INSTALLATION AND DESTRUCTION OF WELLS Page 4 of 8
MSC\PROTO-IW.TXT REVISION DATE: MARCH 1996 IW-4
!
GEOMATRIX
2.4 SURFACE COMPLETION
Upon completion of the well, a suitable slip-on cap, threaded end cap, or waterproof cap will
be fitted the of the riser reduce the for of surface runoff
on
top
casing
to
potential
entry
or
foreign matter. Either a steel protective well cover (e.g., stovepipe) or a vault which may
have a traffic-rated cover will be completed at the ground surface. All wells will be locked for
security and will be designed to limit surface water infiltration.
2.5 DEVELOPMENT OF GROUNDWATER MONITORING OR EXTRACTION
WELLS
When the well installation is complete and the grout has cured a minimum of 24 hours, the
well will be developed by surging, bailing, and/or pumping, or other appropriate method as
specified by the project manager. The objectives of well development are to remove sediment
that may have accumulated during well installation, to consolidate the filter pack around the
well screen, and to enhance the hydraulic connection between the target zone and the well. In
most instances, a bailer will be used to remove sediment and turbid water from the bottom of
the well. A surge block may then be used within the entire screened interval to flush the filter
pack of fine sediment. Surging will be conducted slowly to reduce disruption to the filter pack
and The well will be bailed sediment drawn in
screen.
again
to
remove
by
the
surging
process
until suspended sediment is reduced.
Following bailing and surging, the well may be further developed using air-lift or pumping
methods. A bailer may be used for low-yield wells. If possible, the well will be developed at
a higher pumping rate than the anticipated rate of future purging. During development, the
turbidity of the water will be monitored, and the pH, specific conductance, and temperature of
the return water will be measured. Drawdown and recovery will be measured during and at
the end of the development process, respectively, using an electric sounder. Well
development will proceed until, in the judgment of the Geomatrix field personnel, the return
water is of sufficient clarity. If the screened interval is too long to be developed adequately in
one stage, multiple stages will be employed, in which the end of the pump intake will be
raised or lowered to various depths, as required.
INSTALLATION AND DESTRUCTION OF WELLS Page 5 of 8
MSC\PROTO-IW.TXT REVISION DATE: MARCH 1996 IW-5
GEOMA'I'I:IIX
I
;Z,6 DOCI.~ENTAT[ON
iA well construction diagram for each well will be completed in the field on the WELL LOG
by the field geologist/engineer and submitted to the reviewing geologist or engineer upon
I completion of each well. Well installation and construction data will be summarized on the
DAILY FIELD RECORD or on a specialized form produced for this purpose. Well develop-
I ment notes and field measurements of water quality parameters will be summarized on a
WELL SAMPLING AND/OR DEVELOPMENT RECORD. Following review by the project
I manager, the original records will be kept in the project file.
i 3.0 CLEANING OF DRILLING EQUIPMENT
I
Cleaning of the drill rig and associated drilling equipment will follow the procedures discussed
I in Section 2.0 of the protocol DRILLING AND DESTRUCTION OF SOIL BORINGS.
I All well casing materials will be cleaned before they are installed. Well development
equipment will be cleaned before use. The following cleaning procedure has been found to be
ior adapted as appropriate general of materials or
effective
and
'will
be
used
for
conditions
equipment to be cleaned.
1. Steam-rinse with potable water or rinse in deionized or organic-free water.
I 2. Cover with clean plastic to protect materials and equipment from contact with
i chemical products, dust, or other contaminants.
Alternatively, well casing materials that have been steam-cleaned and sealed in individual
I airtight plastic bags by the factory can be used.
i Decontamination rinsate will be collected and stored properly for future disposal by the client,
unless other arrangements have been made.
!
I INSTALLATION AND DESTRUCTION OF WELLS Page 6 of 8
MSC\PROTO-IW.TXT REVISION DATE: MARCH 1996 IW-6
I
GEOMATRIX
I 4.0 WELL DESTRUCTION
i Destruction of wells will be completed in accordance with applicable state and local
requirements. If required, permits for destruction will be obtained from the appropriate
i regulatory agency. As part of destruction design and implementation, care will be taken to
seal groundwater pathways between multiple aquifers and to limit surface water infiltration
i through the destroyed borehole.
I If practical, the well casing will be removed from the borehole. If the well casing cannot be
i removed, the casing should be cut and/or pressure-grouted in accordance with regulating
agency requirements. For shallow wells and if the well has been completed in the uppermost
I aquifer, the casing may be pulled from the borehole before auger entry. Alternatively, and if
the well has been completed below the uppermost aquifer, the annular fill may be drilled out
I with hollow stem augers and the casing removed from the borehole through the augers. If the
well casing is PVC or other similar material and cannot be removed as described above, it
I be removed by drilling out the casing and annular fill using a tricone bit and a
may
or
drag
rotary drilling method. The borehole will be redrilled to the same or a slightly larger diameter
'l than the original borehole. The redrilled borehole will be plumb and adequately centered, and
all of the well casing will be removed.
! The borehole will be filled with a neat cement, cement/sand, cement/bentonite grout, or a
' I high-solids bentonite grout. Before its initial set, the grout will be placed in one continuous
i pour from the bottom of the boring to the ground surface. The grout will be emplaced by
pumping through a tremie pipe or flexible hose which is initially lowered to the bottom of the
'i borehole. The augers should be raised incrementally as emplacement proceeds, but not exceed
increments of 20 feet or increments greater than allowed by borehole stability. Boreholes that
i are terminated above the water table and are not greater than 20 feet deep may be grouted by a
continuous pour originating at the ground surface. If the aquifer is confined and the head
I pressure is great, the grout may need to be placed under pressure.
i INSTALLATION AND DESTRUCTION OF WELLS Page 7 of 8
MSC\PROTO-IW.TXT REVISION DATE: MARCH 1996 IW-7
i
GEOMATRIX
The volume of sealing material used will be calculated and compared to the casing or borehole
Ivolume to ensure that bridging has not occurred during well destruction. If the well is in an
urban area and if the casing remains in the borehole, a hole will be excavated around the well
i to a depth of 5 feet, and the casing will be removed to the bottom of the excavation. The
_ _ sealing material will be allowed to spill over into the excavation to form a cap. The remainder
I of the excavation will be backfilled with either native material, grout, or concrete.
I Attachments: Daily Field Record
Typical Monitoring Well Construction Diagram
I Well Log
Well Sampling and/or Development Record
I
I INSTALLATION AND DESTRUCTION OF WELLS Page 8 of 8
MSC\PROTO-IW.TXT REVISION DATE: MARCH 1996 IW-8
!
DALLY FIELD RECORD
Page 1 of~
Project and Task Number: Date:
Project Name: Field Activity:
Location: Weather:
Time of OVM Calibration:
Steel-toed Boots Hard Hat Tyvek Coveralls
Rubber Gloves Safety Goggles 1/2-Face Respirator
Forms(PF).004 (Revised 12/95)
DAILY FIELD RECORD (continued)
Page of __
Project and Task Number: Date:
Fo~s(PF).005 (Revi~d 12~5)
~ TYPICAL MONITORING WELL
CONSTRUCTION DIAGRAM
I
iv Traffic-rated cover Well cap
Ground surface
Blank casing ~ = Christy box
I ~ -- Locking steel cover
Borehole at least 4 inches
greater than casing diameter
i Grout
Transition seal (bentonite
i' pellets or fine sand) ~, ,~
i
,.: :..,
Filter sand :"~'::"'
. ';.~:'::' .:...'..,
;."c.: ."':";:';.'.i
,?.': ~':~1
I Well screen
I
Not to scale
i
i
i Forms(PF).008 (Revised 12/95)
PROJECT:
Log of Well No,
BORING LOCATION: ELEVATION AND DATUM:
DRILLING CONTRACTOR: DATE STARTED: DATE FINISHED:
DRILLING METHOD: TOTAL DEPTH: SCREEN INTERVAL:
DEPTH TO ', FIRST '~ COMPL. CASING:
DRILLING EQUIPMENT: WATER:
SAMPLING METHOD: LOGGED BY:
HAMMER WEIGHT: I DROP: RESPONSIBLE PROFESSIONAL: '~ REG. NO.
,,
SAMPLES ~' DESCRIPTION
~ ~ · ~, . e~c NAME(USCSSymbo,):color, moist, % by weight., p,ast., WELL CONSTRUCTION DETAILS
r'~ ~ z ~' consistency, structure, cementation, react, w/HCI, geo. inter. AND/OR DRILLING REMARKS
u) ~ ~ u_ ~ Surface Elevation:
W-1 (12/95)
Project No. I Geomatrix Consultants
Figure
W-1 (l~lenk)
PROJECT:
Log of Well No.
~~ SAMPLES ~ DESCRIPTION
*~ ~ · ~ ~ ~ '~ WELL CONSTRUCTION DETAILS
"~ (5 ~. n- ~. NAME (uscs Symbol): color, moist, % by weight,, plast.,
~ ~ AND/OR DRILLING REMARKS
Q ~ Z ~3 ~ ~ ~ consistency, structure, cementation, react, w/HCL geo. inter.
w-2 ¢2/95)
Project No. I Geomatri. Consultants IFigure
W-2 (Blank)
i
WELL SAMPLING
~1 GEOMATi=IIX AND/OR DEVELOPMENT RECORD
"1 Well ID: Initial Depth to Water:
Sample ID: Duplicate ID: Depth to Water after Sampling:,
_ _ Sample Depth: Total Depth of Well:
I, Project and Task No.: Well Diameter:
Project Name: 1 Casing/Borehole Volume =
i Date: (Circle one)
"~ Sampled By: 4 Casing/Borehole Volumes =
(Circle one)
Ii Method of Purging: Total Casing/Borehole
Method of Sampling:. Volumes Removed:
I
I
!
i
Model or Unit No.:
I Buffer Solution pH 4.0 pH 7.0 pH 10.0
Temperature °C
Instrument Reading
I !;=, :'ii ~:~ii~:l~:?:~:~J~,!:~,~,~i~,~E:~!::~i~i~ ~' ,= Model or Unit No.:
KCL Solution (pS/cm = pmhos/cm)
I, Temperature
Instrument Reading
i, Notes:
!
~ ,
i Forrns(PF).003 (Revised 12/95)