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BUSINESS PLAN 5/31/2000 (COPY)
I GEOMATRIX ,! ~ WORK PLAN FOR INSTALLATION OF ~ REMEDIATION WELLS Former Sunland Oil Refinery I 2152 Coffee Road I Bakersfield, California I Cleanup and Abatement Order No. 95-702 Prepared for: World Oil 9302 South Garfield Avenue South Gate, California 90280-3896 Prepared by: Geomatrix Consultants, Inc. .330 W. Bay Street, Suite 140 Costa Mesa, California 92627 (949) 642-0245 December 21, 1@@@ ~roject ~o. 5825.004 ~ Geomatrix Consultants I i GEOMATRIX WORK PLAN FOR INSTALLATION OF REMEDIATION WELLS Former Sunland Oil Refinery 2152 Coffee Road Bakersfield, California i Cleanup and Abatement Order No. 95-702 Prepared for: World Oil 9302 South Garfield Avenue South Gate, California 90280-3896 Prepared by: Geomatrix Consultants, !nc. 330W. Bay Street, Suite 140 Costa Mesa, California 92627 (949) 642-0245 December 21, 1999 prOject No. 5825.004 ~ Geomatrix Consultants i GEOMATRIX I WORK PLAN FOR INSTALLATION OF I REMEDIATION WELLS Former Sunland Oil Refinery 2152 Coffee Road I Bakersfield, California i Cleanup and Abatement Order No. 95-702 December 21, 1999 I ' Project No. 5825.004 i This report was prepared by the staff of Geomatrix i Consultants, Inc., under the supervision of the Engineer and Geologist whose signature appears hereon. I The findings, recommendations, specifications, or professional opinions are presented within the limits I described by the client, after being prepared in accordance with generally accepted professional engineering and geologic practice. No warranty is I expressed or implied. I Duane G. Paul, C.HG #414 Senior Hydrogeologist Calvin H. Hardcastle, P.E. C44751 I Senior Engineer. I I GEOMATRIX TABLE OF CONTENTS Page 1.0 INTRODUCTION ............................................................................................................. 1 2.0 DRILLING, SOIL SAMPLING, AND INSTALLATION OF REMEDIATION WELLS ............. : ................................................................................................................ 1 2.1 PRE-FIELD ACTIVITIES ............................................................................................. 2 2.2 DRILLING AND SOIL SAMPLING ................................................................................ 2 2.3 AS/VE WELL INSTALLATION .................................................................................... 3 2.4 AIR SPARGE WELL "DEVELOPMENT". ............................................... ' ....................... 4 2.5 SURVEYING ............................................................................................................. 4 2.6 REMEDIATION WELL INSTALLATION REPORT ........................................................... 4 3.0 RESPONSE TO ITEMS 2 AND 3 OF RWQCB LETTER DATED SEPTEMBER 13, 1999 ................................................................................................................................... 4 3.1 RATIONALE FOR MONITORING WELL PLACEMENT .................................................... 4 3.2 PROPOSED SAMPLING METHOD FOR SHALLOW OFF-SITE MONITORING WELLS ......... 5 4.0 MANAGEMENT OF INVESTIGATION-DERIVED WASTES .................................... 6. 5.0 SCHEDULE ........................................................................................... ' ........................... 6 FIGURES.' Figure 1 Proposed Remediation and Monitoring Well Locations Figure 2 Typical Air Sparge/Soil Vapor Well Nest Construction Diagram APPENDIXES ApPendix A Geomatrix Protocols \\nbl \project\5825.000.0\5825.004.0\Docs\Workpln.doc i GEOMATRIX I WORK PLAN FOR INSTALLATION OF REMEDIATION WELLS Former Sunland Oil Refinery I 2152 Coffee Road Bakersfield, California I 1.0 INTRODUCTION Geomatrix Consultants, Inc. (Geomatrix) has prepared this work plan on the behalf of World Oil Corp. (World) to describe methods for installation of additional remediation wells at the Former Sunland Oil Refinery location at 2152 Coffee Road in Bakersfield, California. The I additional remediation wells were proposed by World in a December 7, 1999 telephone conversation with the California Regional Water Quality Control Board - Central Valley I in to the comment number 2 of their letter World Region (RWQCB) response RWQCB's to dated September 22, 1999. The additional remediation wells described in this work plan will i be installed in the vicinity of wells SE-AS/VE-44B and' SE-VE-47C to address the RWQCB's request to evaluate the prevalence of and remedial methods for methyl tert-butyl ether (MtBE) I in this area. As discussed in this work plan, the additional remediation wells will be connected to the existing high capacity vapor extraction system (HCVES) and groundwater air sparging i system. In addition, this work plan addresses two requests made by the RWQCB in a September 13, I 1999 letter to World in which the RWQCB requested that World evaluate (1) the need for groundwater sampling within the approximately 1000 feet gap between the proposed I monitoring well locations on the PG&E property and (2) groundwater sampling methods to avoid sample dilution during sampling of the long-screened, shallow monitoring wells. I 2.0 DRILLING, SOIL SAMPLING, AND INSTALLATION OF REMEDIATION WELLS I The scope of work includes installation ofremediation wells at four locations (Figure 1). Each location will contain a nested soil vapor extraction (VE) and air sparging (AS) well pair. The I proposed AS/VE wells will enhance recovery of MtBE and the light non-aqueous phase liquid (LNAPL) present in the vicinity of wells SE-AS/VE-44 and SE-VE-47. The drilling and well I construction .methods will be similar to other AS/VE well nests previously installed at the site (The Source Group, August 26, 1999). Pre-field activities, field methods, and reporting for i construction Of these wells are summarized below. A copy of the Geomatrix protocols for [ drilling, soil sampling, and well installation is included in Appendix A. ! \~nb l \project\5825.000.0\5825,004.0'~Docs\Workpln.doc 1 I GEOMATRIX 2.1 PRE-FIELD ACTIVITIES Pre-field activities will include utility clearance, permitting, and preparation of a site-specific health and safety plan. Geomatrix will mark the proposed well locations and notify Underground Services Alert (USA) of the planned drilling activities. Well construction permits will be obtained from the Kern County Environmental Health Services Division. (KCEHSD). The existing health and safety plan will be revised to include the planned drilling activities. 2'.2 DRILLING AND SOIL SAMPLING Three dual-nested AS/VE wells (GMX-AS/VE-63 through GMX-AS/VE-65) will be installed in the western portion of the former south lank farm and refinery area at the locations shown on Figure 1. One nested AS/VE well pair (GMX-AS/VE-66) will be installed at the southern boundary of the former north tank farm (Figure 1). The boreholes for the AS/VE wells will be drilled and sampled using hollow-stem auger drilling and driven split-barrel soil sampling methods. Borehole diameter will be 12 inches. Anticipated total depth of the boring for each well nest is approximately' 90 feet below ground surface (bgs), or about 30 feet below the current depth to groundwater. Prior to beginning of drilling activities, a hand auger will be advanced to an approximate depth of 10 feet bgs to search for underground obstructions. After the presence of underground obstructions has been cleared, drilling activities will begin. Soil samples will be collected at 1 O-foot depth intervals to the bottom of each boring using split-barrel sampling techniques. Soil samples will be collected in brass tubes fitted inside the splitrbarrel sampler. Upon retrieval of each split-barrel soil sample, the lowermost brass tube will be prepared for possible laboratory analysis by sealing the ends of the brass sample tube with Teflon sheeting, plastic end caps, and silicone tape, labeling the samPle, and placing the soil sample in an ice chilled cooler for transport to a state-certified analytical laboratory. Remaining portions of each soil sample will be used for soil classification and field-screened using a photoionization detector (PID) to assess the presence of volatile organic compounds in the soil.' The sample will be prepared for field screening by placing soil in a~ resealable bag, allowing the sample to set for several minutes, and then inserting the tip of the PID probe ir~to the bag and record!ng the high~st stabilized organic vapor measurement. A minimum of five soil samples from each borehole will be selected for chemical analysis based on PID measurements and soil lithology. The soil samples will be analyzed for carbon chain length speciation using EPA Method 8015 modified, and for benzene, tOluene, \Snbl \project\5825.000.0\5825.004.0~DocsSWorkpln.doc 2 GEOI~I,~,TR IX I ethylbenzene, and total xylenes (BTEX) and MtBE using EPA Method 8020. CdC confirmation analyses using EPA Method 8260 will be performed on the soil sample with the highest I detected concentration of MtBE from each borehole. I All drilling and soil sampling will be performed by a Geomatrix field geologist or engineer under the supervision of a professional engineer or geologist licensed in the State of California. I The soils will be described in accordance with the Unified Soil Classification System (USCS) and will be recorded on a log for each soil boring. Visual grain-size distribution, color, i moisture content, and other pertinent characteristics will be included on the soil boring log. All downhole drilling equipment will be steam-cleaned prior to use and between boring Ilocations. Between soil the will be washed sampling intervals, split-barrel sampling equipment with a laboratory grade detergent-water solution and rinsed with potable water or steam- I cleaned. 2.3 AS/VE WELL INSTALLATION I The dual-nested AS/VE wells will be installed in the completed boreholes. Well construction for the VE and AS wells will be similar to the existing dual-nested remediation wells in the I vicinity of SE-AS/VE-44 and SE-VE-47. We anticipate that each AS well will be installed to a total depth of about 90 feet below ground surface (bgs), or approximately 30 feet below the Ithe VE wells will be installed of 70 feet about 10 feet current water table; to a depth bgs; or below the current water table. The AS wells will be constructed of nominal 2-inch diameter I Schedule 40 PVC casing and slotted PVC well screen with 0.020-inch slots. The well screen for the AS wells will extend from approximately 80 to 90 feet bgs. Each VE well will be i constructed using nominal 4-inch diameter Schedule 40 PVC casing and 0.02-inch slot PVC well screen, and will have a well screen interval of approximately 40 to 70 feet bgs, or approximately 20 feet above to 10 feet' below the current water table. This screen interval was I selected to facilitate removal of separate phase LNAPL, if present. I Silica Sand filter pack (#2/12, #2/16, or #3 sand) 3rill be placed within the annular space between the well screens and the boring. ,The filter pack for the AS well will extend t0'a depth I approximately 2 feet above the top of the Well screen. A'3 to 5 foot-thick transition seal 'consisting of bentonite chips or-pellets will be placed above this lower filter pack to act as a transition seal between the VE and AS screened intervals. The filter pack for the VE well will I · extend approximately two feet above the top of the well screen. An upper transition seal _ consisting of bentonite chips orpellets will extend toa level approximately 2 to 3 feet above I P:\5825.000.0\5825.004.0~Docs\Workpln.doc 3 I GEOMATRIX the top of the filter pack. The bentonite transition seal will be hydrated in place using potable water, The remaining annular space will be sealed with cement-bentonite grout, and the well will be completed with an aboveground completion that will be connected to the existing remediation system. A schematic diagram showin~g the proposed construction of the remediation wells is included as Figure 2. 2.4 AIR SPARGE WELL "DEVELOPMENT" The AS wells will be surged and bailed to mitigate borehole damage from well construction and to establish hydraulic interconnection with the saturated zone. 2.5 SURVEYING A California licensed surveyor will survey and record the horizontal and vertical location of the top of each AS and VE well casing, and ground surface adjacent to each well Vault. Survey data will be relative to mean sea level and the State Plane Coordinate System.. The survey will be tied-in to the existing wells Previously surveyed at the site. 2.6 REMEDIATION WELL INSTALLATION REPORT A report containing final boring logs, well construction information will be submitted to the RWQCB within 30 days of receiving the final analytical data for the site. 3.0 RESPONSE TO ITEMS 2 AND 3 OF RWQCB DATED LETTER SEPTEMBER 13, 1999 World submitted a "Workplan for Installation and Sampling of Off-Site Groundwater Monitoring Wells" dated July 2, 1999 to the RWQCB. In its letter to World dated September 13, 1999, the RWQCB approved the proposed off-site monitoring well installations on PG&E property. The September 13, 1999 letter also requested that World provide the RWQCB with: (1) an assessment of the need for sampling within the approximate 1000-foot gap between proposed wells; and (2) a description of methods to be used to avoid sample dilution in the shallow monitoring wells with long screen lengths. 3.1 RATIONALE FOR MONITORING WELL PLACEMENT The RWQCB correctly notes that proposed wells GMX-MW-60 1 are in .: ,. and GMX-MW-6 alignment with recently installed SE-MW-51. The recent groundwater analytical' data from SE-MW-51 confirm the needfor installation of a monitoring well further downgradient to determine the extent of MtBE along this flow p~th. The installation of GMX-MW-60 will \\nb 1 \project\5825,000.0\5825.004.0XDocs\Workpln.d~c 4 GEOMATRIX provide valuable analytical data that will assist World in developing a hydrogeologic fate and transport model for the project area. GMX-MW-62S/D will provide data downgradient from GMX-MW-20S/D. Geomatrix recommends that the appropriate location for monitoring the gap between GMX-MW-61 and GMX-MW-62, as well as appropriate locations for other samples, be evaluated after the off-site analytical data are available and a fate and transport model is developed within the context of the overall hydrogeologic frame work. 3.2 PROPOSED SAMPLING METHOD FOR SHALLOW OFF-SITE MONITORING WELLS The proposed shallow off-site monitoring wells are to be constructed with 65-foot-long well screens to accommodate fluctuating groundwater levels and to replicate existing monitoring wells. The RWQCB is concerned about potential dilution in samples collected from these wells with long screen intervals. To evaluate the distribution of MtBE concentrations in groundwater uSing samples collected from the off-site wells, groundwater samples from the shallow off-site wells with more than 20 feet of screen below the water table will be monitored using micropurge-sampling methods. The loW-flow purge (micropurge) sampling will provide relatively depth-discrete data regarding MtBE concentrations at each of the selected sampling depths. Micropurging should produce negligible vertical mixing due .to the high permeability of the saturated zone sediments. A micropurge sample will be collected within each 20-foot interval of saturated screen depth, starting at approximately 5 feet below the water table. The will be collected 2-inch diameter Grundfos Rediflow submersible samples using a pump. The pump will initially be lowered to approximately 5 feet below the measured groundwater surface. Prior to sampling, the off-site well will be purged of a minimum of two riser volumes at a flow rate of 100 milliliters per minute or less, to produce minimal drawdown (0.5 foot or less) during purging. A riser volume will be calculated as the volume of the pump, tubing, and flow-through cell. Purging at each sampling interval will progress until water quality parameters (pH, temperature, and specific electrical conductance) have stabilized (less than 10% difference between successive readings). Following purg!ng at a specific, depth, samples will be collected from that depth using the 2-inch Grundfos pump by pumping the water at a low flow rate directly into 40-ml VOA vials supplied by the analytical laboratory. The samples will be labeled, placed in an ice-chilled cooler, and transported under standard chain-of-custody procedures to a state-certified laboratory. The groundwater samples will be analyzed forTPHg, TPHd, BTEX, and MtBE in accordance with procedures for the Current semi-annual monitoring program. \\nb 1 \project\5825 ~000,0\5825.004.0~)ocs\Workpln,doc 5 GEOMATRIX i All non-dedicated sampling equipment will be cleaned before and after sampling each well. using a laboratory-grade detergent and potable water solution followed by a potable water I rinse. All water quality meters will be cleaned by rinsing the probes in deionized water and allowed to air dry. The analytical collected using micropurging during the semi-annual I monitoring events will be included with the Semi-Annual Monitoring Reports. i4.0 MANAGEMENT OF INVESTIGATION-DERIVED WASTES Purge water and decon water, and expended health and safety equipment will be placed in I labeled Department of Transportation approved 55-gallon drums pending disposal by World. Soil cuttings will be handled in a manner consistent with past practices at the site. These I practices include stockpiling of the soil cuttings on site and covering the stockpile with visqueen pending receipt of the analytical results for stockpiled soil samples. Based on the . analytical results, World will request authorization from the San Joaquin Valley Air Pollution I to spread the soil cuttings on site to remediate any hydrocarbons that may be present. 5.0 SCHEDULE The remediation wells will be inStalled within 30 days of receipt of the work plan approval' from the RWQCB. The well installation report will be submitted to the RWQCB within 30 days of receixfing the final analytical results for the soil. The micropurge samples will be collected within two weeks of off-site monitoring well installation and development. Well installation and these initial groundwater analytical data will be reported to the RWQCB within 30 days of receiving final analytical results. I I i \\nb I \project\5825.000.0\5825.004.0~Docs\Workpln.doc 6 I I i I I I I I I I i I ! GEOMATRIX I I ! I I: FIGURES I I I 1 i I I I I 1 I I · I .,,,GMX-MW-.61 t ...... l~:i:J ;0~ .':-~! ....T~ ] ,I ,I EXPLNIATION ',,',~ ,::':¢ ,~,, ~:-;~ ~:-4 ~ ........ LEASE LINE, PROPERTY BOUNDARY IN ~% LINK FENCE LINE M,~NFEN,ZNE:E ~4D ..... E~ [~ ///~-~--:u ~ / ~~ few-3 ¢E.~6/.2~% ~ E~TH CONT~NMENT DIKE I~ ~[~'~ "~m ~ ////F/'i//'f /' J ~ [~ X. GMX-MW40e WELLPROPOSED GROUNDWATER MONITORINGLOCATION . ~:~ /]t/ /'~ .;~ ,, ~ -~ GMX-ASNE43 PROPOSED ~R SP~GE/SOIL V~OR ~ /I"~-V ~;~ ~:-~wv-S: CROUNDWATEE UONITOEINO WELL ~ , //// ' /Z/ O0 ' ~ LOCATION SE-UW-S~'~, //// / ,/, . ~ ~?~ //// //? SE,:,/E~MW-29 SOIL V~OR EXTRACTION/GROUNDWATER ~4,~ t;':~ ////~ ~j~ ~% ~ MONITORING WELL LOCATION ~ ~ I il SE-AS/h,IW-~8 ~R SP~OE POINT/GROUNDWATER / / // k J SE-AS~,i ~ ~ A ~R SP~0E ~ELL LOCATION ' ?~/~ FAR~] '' o,--~, ~-,..~ SOIL V~OR EXTRACTION WELL LOCATION ~~==~r--%'~ i 1. SOURCE OF M~: PATRICK ~D HENDERSON INC., S.P.C.C. ....... - .... FACILITY PL~, T~K F~MS ~D REFINERY, DATED ~ DECEMBER 13, 1985. NEW COFFEE RO~ ELEVATED BERM, ....... ~~~~--~- FORMER COFFEE ROAD, ~O PO~E SITE INFORMATION FROM ~CH~SO~C,P~4~.~¢4~S~F~ /-~)(~-~-AS?v'E-52% ~ / ~..~~~L .......... ~ CITY OF B~ERSFtELD SEP~ATION OF GR~E DISTRICT. ~' ' n ~' ' · GSE-VE~] ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ 2. MONITORING WELL LOCATIONS ~D SITE BOUND~Y LINES PAN PACIFIC t. ~ ~-i~%.- _--5~-*:S~VE44 ~--- TSG-AS/VE-55 WERE SURVEYED BY AZIMUTH BOUND~Y $PECI~ISTS ON D~-~N~ GMX-AS~5 . ~ M~CH 18 ~D NOVEMBER 5, 1996. 1~ 'h r 3. SITE FEATURES ~D STRUCTURE LOCATIONS ~E ~PROXIMATE, ~SE/q~ ~ -- -- I GMX-ASNE-63 SF-VE~9.... MW-14~ I L~ ~ m . S-31 A SE-,,,a-3u 'l 'B ..... p modified from figure ~, ' ~'~"" ...... PROPOSED REMEDIATION AND ~. ~ ,;, , ..... -'" MONITORING WELL LOCATIONS , ~ FORMER SUNLAND OIL REFINERY '~ i sE..~4v,.':~ 2152 Coffee Road ~ . ..... . Bakersfield, California [~ GEOMATRIX 12/21/1999 4 AIRwELLSPARGE ~ /---VAPOR EXTRACTION / WELL . / /WELL j ,,~' MONUMENT WELL CAP ~, ~ WELL CAP i GROUND SURFACE 2" DIAMETER SCH. 40 PVC-- -e GROUT BLANK CASING *- , 4" DIAMETER SCH. 40 PVC ' BLANK CASING ' 3' THICK BENTONITE ' TRANSITION SEAL =~=~---- 4" DIAMETER SCH. 40 PVC .'~ '.. 0.02" SLOT (APPROXIMATE · '~. · 60' LENGTH) APPROXIMATE---- · :-"---'-~, --- "~-' WATER TABLE '~ · I ' . ~'. ~. FILTER SAND ',' ' Iiili~ END CAP ~ ~ 3'- 5' THICK BENTONITE SEAL 2" DIAMETER SCH. 40 PVC --'-:;-~' · ' ~. FILTER SAND' · 0.02" SLOT (10' LENGTH) --' - END CAP '~,, .' · TYPICAL AIR SPARQE/SOIL VAPOR WELL du 5825 NEST CONSTRUCTION DIAGRAM ,~o~o. FORMER SUNLAND OIL REFINERY 3 GEOMATRIX 2152 Coffee Road Bokersfield, C~:lifornio 12/14/99 ITl Z GEOMATRIX I I I I '1 APPENDIX A 'I ! GEOMATRIX PROTOCOLS I I I I I I I I I' I I GEOMATRIX PROTOCOL DRILLING AND DESTRUCTION OF SOIL BORINGS 1.0 INTRODUCTION This protocol describes the procedures to be followed during drilling and destruction of soil borings. The soil borings will provide information about geologic conditions, soil engineering properties, and/or soil quality. If the soil boring is utilized for well installation, the well will be installed in accordance with the protocol INSTALLATION OF WELLS. The procedures presented herein are intended to be of general use and may be supplemented by a work plan and/or health and safety plan. As the work progresses and if warranted, appropriate revisions may be made by the project manager. Detailed procedures in this protocol may be superseded by applicable regulatory requirements. If required, permits for drilling of soil borings will be acquired from the appropriate agency(s) before drilling is initiated, and an underground utility check will be conducted before drilling begins. An underground utility check will, at a minimum, consist of contacting a local utility alert service, if available. 2.0 DRILLING A DAILY FIELD RECORD will be completed for each day of fieldwork, and the original will be kept in the project files. The soil borings will be drilled using rotary, hollow stem auger, direct-push, or other appropriate method. In all rotary borings, compressed air will be filtered to remove oils before being circulated into the borehole. In mud rotary borings, appropriate drilling fluid additives, such as bentonite, will be used to maintain an open hole and to carry cuttings to the DRILLING AND DESTRUCTION OF SOIL BORINGS Page 1 of 6 MSC\PROTO-DD.TXT REVISION DATE: MARCH 1996 DD-1 .! GEOMATRIX I surface. However, organic drilling fluid additives will only be used with prior project manager approval. The drilling mud will be circulated into a settling tank or basin located I near the boring. The viscosity of the drilling fluid will be assessed periodically by the driller and will be controlled throughout the drilling operation to achieve the required results (hole I stability, sample return, thickness along borehole wall). Only potable water will and mud cake be used as makeup water for drilling fluid. Exploratory borings drilled using the hollow stem auger method generally do not require the use of drilling fluid. If required, potable water from a municipal supply will be used' to maintain boring stability. I i The planned depth of each soil boring will be determined by the project manager before drilling. The Geomatrix field geologist/engineer will specify to the drill rig operator the depth i of soil sample collection, method of sample retrieval, and other matters pertaining to the satisfactory completion of the borings. Geomatrix staff will observe the volume of drill Icuttings returned to assess whether significant cavitation has occurred. Drill cuttings, unused soil samples, and drilling fluids generated during drilling of soil borings will be stored I properly for future disposal by the client, unless other arrangements have been made. I The drill rods, augers, hoses, bits', and other components that fluids' and cuttings contact will be steam-cleaned before drilling each boring, as well as at the beginning of each project and at Ithe completion of field activities. Drive samplers will be cleaned with Alconox and water or steam-cleaned before each sampling event. Only potable water from a municipal supply will I be used for decontamination of drilling equipment. Decontamination rinsate will be collected and stored properly for future disposal by the client, unless other arrangements have been I made. I i DRILLING AND DESTRUCTION OF SOIL BORINGS Page 2 of 6 MSC\PROTO-DD.TXT REVISION DATE: MARCH 1996 DD-2 GEOMATRIX I3.0 SAMPLING AND LOGGING I3.1 OBTAINING SAMPLES Borings will be continuously cored or sampled at depth intervals specified by the project I manager, based on the intended use of the boring. Continuous sampling is recommended; however, samples and/or cuttings will be obtained for logging purposes at least every 5 feet '1 for all borings. Drive samples will be used to log hollow stem auger borings if continuous cores are not collected. The samples and/or drill cuttings will be collected and described. A I lithologic log of these samples will be made. Samples for chemical analysis will be collected' i in accordance with the protocol SOIL SAMPLING FOR CHEMICAL ANALYSIS. I 3.1.1 Discrete Sampling For discrete sampling of mud rotary or auger borings, sampling will be accomplished by I driving or pushing a split-barrel sampler or Shelby tube. The field geologist/engineer will record information on the BORING LOG pertaining to the sampling, such as rate of Ipenetration, hydraulic ram pressure or drive-hammer blow count, coring smoothness, and sample recovery. In general, the split-barrel sampler will be opened for observation and Ilogging of the retrieved core. I At selected depth intervals, the split-barrel sampler may be fitted with brass or stainless steel liners for collection of soil samples for pOssible subsequent chemical or physical testing. I Samples may be retained for future review and/or preserved for chemical or physical testing, as specified by the project manager. The samples will be stored and labeled to show project I number, boring number, and cored interval denoted either by depth or a sequential numbering Isystem. Procedures for preservation and transport of soil samples retained for chemical analysis are presented in the protocol SOIL SAMPLING FOR CHEMICAL ANALYSIS. ! ! I DRILLING AND DESTRUCTION OF SOIL BORINGS Page 3 of 6 MSC\PROTO-DD.TXT REVISION DATE: MARCH 1996 DD-3 GEOMATI:IIX 3.1.2 Collecting Drill Cuttings The field geologist/engineer may observe drill cuttings from the drilling fluid return for lithologic information to supplement discrete sampling. Sampling and logging cuttings will be performed as follow, s: 1. The height of the drilling table above ground surface, lengths of the drill bit, sub and drill collars, and length of drill rods should be taken into account in calculat- ing the depth of penetration. 2. In mud drilling, a small-diameter, fine mesh hand will be used to rotary screen obtain a sample of the cuttings from the borings by holding the screen directly in the flow of the drill fluid return line. In air rotary drilling, cuttings will be collected after discharge from the cyclone. 3. In rotary drilling, a composite sample may be obtained from the return line by leaving the screen in place during the time it takes the driller to advance the boring to a preselected depth. 4. In rotary drilling, the travel time for cuttings to reach the surface may be estimated each time the driller adds a new length of drill rod by timing the first arrival of' cuttings after circulation is resumed. This travel time can be used along with the depth of penetration to estimate the start and finish of each 5-foot sampling interval. 3.2 LOGGING OF EXPLORATORy BORINGS The observations of the geologist/engineer will be recorded on a BORING LOG OR field WELL LOG at the time of drilling. The drill rig operator and the field geologist/engineer will discuss significant changes in material penetrated, drilling conditions, hydraulic pressure, drilling action, and drilling fluid circulation rate. The field geologist/engineer will be present during drilling of soil borings and will observe and record such changes by time and depth. Drill cuttings and core samples will be observed in the field. A lithologic description will be recorded on the BORING LOG using the Unified Soil Classification System (USCS) as described in the American Society of Testing and Materials (ASTM) Standard D 2488-90. This description will include the USCS soil type, grain sizes and estimated percentages of DRILLING AND DESTRUCTION OF SOIL BORINGS Page 4 of 6 MSC\PROTO-DD.TXT REVISION DATE: MARCH 1996 DD-4 _/99°- GEOI~IATRIX each, moisture content,, color according to the Munsell color charts (Kollmorgen Instruments Corp.), plasticity for fine-grained materials, consistency, and other pertinent information, such as degree of induration, calcareous content, presence of fossils and other distinctive materials. The original field logs will be retained by the. Geomatrix office for review by the responsible professional and for storage in the project files. 4.0 GEOPHYSICAL LOGS Following completion of drilling, downhole geophYsical logs may be performed after the drilling fluid has been circulated to decrease the amount of suspended sediment in the return fluid. Geophysical methods and equipment will be selected to provide stratigraphic or hydrogeologic data appropriate for the project. Geophysical logging will be done as quickly and promply after drilling as feasible, while the boring sidewall is still in stable Condition, to reduce the possibility of bridging. Instruments on the logging unit will be adjusted to try to give the maximum definition of strata boundaries. All downhole geophysical equipment will be cleaned before and after use in each borehole. 5.0 FIELD SCREENING Soil samples collected from the borings may be screened using a portable meter such as a photoionization detector (PID), a flame ionization detector (FID), a lower explosion limit (LEL) meter or other organic vapor meter. The meter may be used to assess the presence of volatile organic compounds (VOCs) or other gases in soil samples. Additional field screening techniques for chemical characterization of soils may include x-ray fluorescence (XRF) and thin-layer chromatography (TLC). Procedures for field screening are described in the protocol SOIL SAMPLING FOR CHEMICAL ANALYSIS. ! i DRILLING AND DESTRUCTION OF SOIL BORiNGS Page 5 of 6 MSC\PROTO-DD.TXT REVISION DATE: MARCH 1996 DD-5 GEOMATRIX I 6.0 DESTROYING SOIL BORINGS ISoil' borings that are not completed as monitoring wells will be destroyed by filling the holes with a neat cement grout, cement/sand grout, or cement/bentonite grout. A high-solids I bentonite grout may be used if appropriate. Geomatrix field staff will calculate the borehole volume and compare it to the volume of grout used to evaluate whether bridging has occurred. '1 These calculations and the actual volume emplaced will be noted on the BORING LOG. The grout will be placed in continuous lifts from the bottom of the boring to a depth of 20 feet I above the water table. The grout will be emplaced by pumping it through the hollow stem i augers, drill pipe, tremie pipe, or flexible hose initially lowered to the bottom of the borings and raised incrementally as placement proceeds. If hollow stem augers are used, the augers I should be raised incrementally as grout emplacement proceeds. Augers will not be raised in increments greater than 20 feet or greater than allowed by borehole stability. Borings that are I terminated above the water table and not greater than 20 feet deep may be destroyed by continuous lifts originating at the ground surface. The grout will be pumped or poured until a Ireturn of fresh grout is visible at the surface. Additional grout may need to be added to the soil boring if significant settlement has Occurred after the grout has set. I ! Attachments: Daily Field Record I Boring Log Well Log 'l DRILLING AND DESTRUCTION OF SOIL BORINGS Page 6 of 6 MSC\PROTO-DD.TXT REVISION DATE: MARCH 1996 DD-6 '_/;Ce== DALLY FIELD RECORD Page 1 of~ Project and Task Number: Date: Project Name: Field Activity: Location: Weather: Time of OVM Calibration: Steel-toed Boots Hard Hat Tyvek Coveralls Rubber Gloves Safety Goggles 1/2-Face Respirator Forms(PF).O04 (Revised 12/95) DALLY FIELD RECORD (continued) ==o~,^..,x Page ~ of ~ Project and Task Number: Date: Forms(PF).O05 (Revised 12/95) PROJECT: Log of Boring No. BORING LOCATION: ELEVATION AND DATUM:' DRILLING CONTRACTOR: DATE STARTED: DATE FINISHED: DRILLING METHOD: TOTAL DEPTH: MEASURING POINT: DRILLING EQUIPMENT: DEPTH TO WATER:~, FIRST ~ COMPL., SAMPLING METHOD: LOGGED BY: HAMMER WEIGHT: I DROP: RESPONSIBLE PROFESSIONAL: ~'" REG. NO. ~ -~' SAMPLES ~ DESCRIPTION 13.. ifa ~ · ~ [ NAME (USCS Symbol): color, moist, % by weight., plast., consistency, structure, cementation, react, w/HCI, geo. inter. REMARKS o Surface Elevation: _ B-~ (12~35) Project No. I Geomatrix Consultants I Figure B-I (Blank) PROJECT: Log of Boring No. SAMPLES u~ ~ '~ ~o- cc~- REMARKS ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ NAME (USCS Sym~l): ~lor, moist, % by weight., pla~., coosistency, structure, cement&~oo, re~ct, w~CL geo. inter. 8-2 (1~5) Project No. ~, Geomatrix Consultants ~ Figure B-2 (Blank) PROJECT: Log of Well No. BORING LOCATION: ELEVATION AND DATUM: DRILLING CONTRACTOR: DATE STARTED: DATE FINISHED: DRILLING METHOD: TOTAL DEPTH: SCREEN INTERVAL: DEPTH TO '~ FIRST,' COMPL. CASING: DRILLING EQUIPMENT: WATER: ', ~ SAMPLING METHOD: LOGGED BY: HAMMER WEIGHT: I DROP: RESPONSIBLE PROFESSIONAL: '~, REG. NO. I SAMPLES .~ DESCRIPTION ~'~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~' NAME (USCS Symbol): color, moist, % by weight., ptast., WELL CONSTRUCTION DETAILS r'~ 7© "~ ~ ~o ~. ~ consistency, structure, cementation, react, w/HCl, geo, inter. AND/OR DRILLING REMARKS co ~ ~, u. o> Sudace Elevation: . W-1 (12/95) Project No. I Geomatrix Consultants I Figure W-1 (Blank) PROJECT: Log of Well No. SAMPLES .~ ~ ~ WELL CONSTRUCTION DETAILS ~ · '~ ~ DESCRIPTION Q ~ ~ ~. ~ '~ .~ NAME (USCS Symbol): color, moist, % by weight., p,ast., AND/OR DRILLING REMARKS ~ ~ ~ u. ~ consistency, structure, cementation, react, w/HCI, geo. inter. W-2 (t 2/95) Project No. J Geomatrix Consultants I Figure I W-2 (Blank) GEOMATRIX PROTOCOL SOIL SAMPLING FOR CHEMICAL ANALYSIS 1.0 INTRODUCTION This protocol describes the procedures to be followed for collecting soil samples for chemical analysis and conducting soil field screening in conjunction with drilling soil borings and excavating soil.. The laboratory must be certified by the appropriate regulating agency for the analyses to be performed. If required, permits will be acquired from the appropriate agency, and an underground utility check will be performed before drilling or excavating begins. An underground utility check will, at a minimum, consist of contacting a local utility alert service, if available. The procedures presented herein are intended to be of general use and may be supplemented work and/or health and safety As the work and if by a plan plan. progresses warranted, appropriate revisions may be made by the project manager. Detailed procedures in this protocol may be superseded by applicable regulatory requirements. I 2.0 SAMPLE COLLECTION Soil samples may be collected during drilling or excavating activities. The procedures for sample collection are discussed below. 2.1 SAMPLE COLLECTION DURING DRILLING The drilling of soil borings will be conducted in accordance with the protocol DRILLING AND DESTRUCTION OF SOIL BORINGS. The soil sampler either will be washed with laboratory grade detergent-water solution to remove soil present and rinsed with potable water, or it may be steam-cleaned prior to and between sampling. Soil samples will be collected in clean brass or stainless steel liners that have been washed with detergent-water solution and SOIL SAMPLING FOR CHEMICAL ANALYSIS Page 1 of 6 MSC\PROTO-SS.TXT REVISION DATE: MARCH 1996 SS-1 GEOf~ATRIX rinsed with potable water or steam-cleaned. The liners will generally be placed in a 2-inch- or 2.5-inch-diameter split-spoon sampler and then driven or pushed into the soil at the selected sampling depth. The sample will be parted at the joints between the liners using a clean, sharp stainless steel knife or spatula. Alternatively, a subsample for chemical analyses may also be collected by driving a smaller-diameter liner into the center of the larger core sample, taking care to reduce the potential for sample disturbance and air space within the liner. If the soil sample is collected using a hand auger, a subsample should be collected from the core of the auger, again taking care to reduce the potential for sample disturbance and air space within the liner. If the sample is to be.analyzed for non-volatiles only, a loose sample may be placed in a glass jar. Samples to be analyzed for metals may be homogenized before analysis either in the field or by the laboratory to provide results more representative of average concentrations in the sampling interval. 2.2 SAMPLE COLLECTION DURING EXCAVATION Excavated soil will be sampled as required under the appropriate agency guidelines, if applicable, or as necessary to provide the data desired. The lateral and vertical dimensions of the excavation, as well as the sample location and depth, will be mapped, and the volume estimated. If possible, samples will be collected from the backhoe excavator bucket without or entering the excavation. Samples may be collected directly from the walls or floor of the excavation, provided Occupational Safety and Health Administration (OSHA) regulations are followed before entering an excavation. Soil stockpiles also may be sampled after completion of excavation. If they are sampled, the stockpile location, dimensions, and sample locations will be mapped, and the stockpile volume will be estimated. If compositing of soil samples containing volatile compounds is required, it should be performed by the laboratory. The soil from excavations or stockpiles should be sampled by scraping away 3 to 6 inches of surface soil or hand augering to a known depth. A clean glass jar, brass tube, or stainless SOIL SAMPLING FOR CHEMICAL ANALYSIS Page 2 of 6 MSC\PROTO-SS.TXT REVISION DATE: MARCH 1996 55-2 GEOMATRIX steel tube will be forced into the soil to completely f'~ll the container, or a clean hammer sampler may be used in conjunction with brass or stainless steel liners. 3.0 SAMPLE HANDLING AND PRESERVATION Soil samples will be handled using the following procedures: 1. Clean gloves appropriate for the chemicals of concern will be worn by the I sampler before touching the sample containers, and care will be taken to avoid contact with the sample. i 2. The sample will be quickly observed for color, appearance, and composition. The ends of the liners will be immediately covered with Teflon' sheeting and/or ' aluminum foil, capped with plastic end caps, and sealed with tape. Glass jars '1 will be immediately sealed with a lid. I 3. The sample container will be labeled before or immediately after sampling with a self-adhesive label having the following information written in waterproof ink: · - · Geomatrix I · Project number · Sample ID number I · Date and time sample was collected · Initials of sample collector i 4. The sample will be placed in a chest, that contains ice or blue ice if required, for transport to the laboratory. Table 1 lists common analyses performed and the appropriate storage and handling requirements. 4.0 DOCUMENTATION i 4.1 FIELD DATA SHEETS A DAILY FIELD RECORD will. be completed for each day of fieldwork. Locations and '~' unique identification of soil samples collected from soil borings will be recorded on the BORING LOG or WELL LOG. Locations and unique identification of soil samples collected I from excavations or stockpiles will be recorded on a DAILY FIELD RECORD, site map, and/or other appropriate form. Samples may also be recorded on a SAMPLE CONTROL i SOIL SAMPLING FOR CHEMICAL ANALYSIS Page 3 of 6 MSC\PROTO-SS.TXT REVISION DATE: MARCH 1996 SS-3 GEOMATI::IIX LOG SHEET or in the DAILY FIELD RECORD as a means of identifying and tracking the samples. Following review by the project manager, the original field records will be kept in the project file. 4.2 CHAIN-OF-CUSTODY PROCEDURES After samples have been collected and labeled, they will be maintained under chain-of-custody procedures. These procedures document the transfer of custody of samples from the field to the laboratory. Each sample sent to the laboratory for analysis will be recorded on a CHAIN- OF-CUSTODY RECORD, which will include instructions to the laboratory on the analytical services required. Information contained on the triplicate CHAIN-OF-CUSTODY RECORD will include: · ProjeCt number · Signature of sampler · Date and time sampled · Sample I.D. · Number of sample containers · Sample matrix (soil, water, or other) Analyses required · Remarks, including preservatives, special conditions, or specific quality control measures · Turnaround time and person to receive laboratory report · Method of shipment to the laboratory Release signature of sampler and signatures of all people assuming custody · Condition of samples when received by laboratory (to be completed by the laboratory) Blank spaces on the CHAIN-OF-CUSTODY RECORD will be crossed out between the last sample listed and the signatures at the bottom of the sheet. The field sampler will sign the CHAIN-OF-CUSTODY RECORD and will record the time and date at the time of transfer to the laboratory or an intermediate person. A set of signatures is required for each relinquished/received transfer, including transfer within Geomatrix. The SOIL SAMPLING FOR CHEMICAL ANALYSIS Page 4 of 6 MSC\PROTO-$S.TXT REVISION DATE: MARCH 1996 58-4 GEOMATRIX original imprint of the CHAIN-OF-CUSTODY RECORD will accompany the sample containers; a duplicate copy will be kept in the Geomatrix project file. If the samples are to be shipped to the laboratory, the original CHAIN-OF-CUSTODY relinquishing the samples will be sealed inside a plastic bag within the ice chest, and the chest will be sealed with custody tape which has been signed and dated by the last person listed on the chain-of-custody. U.S. Department of Transportation shipping requirements will be followed and the sample shipping receipt will be retained in the project files as part of the permanent chain-of-custody document. The shipping company (e.g., Federal Express, UPS, DHL) will not sign the chain-of-custody forms as a receivor; instead the laboratory will sign as a receivor when the samples are received. 5.0 SOIL FIELD SCREENING Soil will occasionally be screened using a field instrument or method. Readings should be recorded on the BORING LOG, WELL LOG, DAILY FIELD RECORD, or another form prepared for this purpose. Two screening methods are described below. 5.1 ORGANIC VAPOR METERS A portable photoionization detector (PID), flame ionization detector (FID), lower explosive limit meter (LEL), or other type of organic vapor meter (OVM) may be used to screen soil. The purpose of the field screening is to assess the presence of volatile organic compounds (VOCS) in the soil. The meter measures total VOCs in the air in parts per million (ppm) by volume in reference to a selected standard. The meter will be calibrated each day prior to the soil sampling. The meter cannot specifically identify each volatile compound, but can be adjusted to be sensitive to selected volatile organics. Before choosing a meter, the response factor of the meter to the chemicals of concern at the site should be considered. Soil should be screened as soon as possible after being exposed to the atmosphere. The general prOcedure for screening is as follows: SOIL SAMPLING FOR CHEMICAL ANALYSIS Page 5 of 6 MSC\PROTO-SS.TXT REVISION DATE: MARCH 1996 8S-5 GEOMATRIX 1. Using a clean tool, dig a hole to expose fresh soil in a backhoe bucket or stockpile, or separate the brass liners from a driven sample. 2. Insert the of the OVM into the the probe hole, taking care not to clog probe with soil. Alternatively, headspace readings may be taken by placing soil in a covered (e.g., aluminum foil or Teflon~ sheet) clear glass jar or plastic resealable bag, and after several minutes have elapsed, introducing the probe into the headspace area. No soil sample used for headspace screening will be submitted to the laboratory for chemical analysis. 3. Record the results in ppm for PIDs and FIDs, and in percent of the lower explosive limit for LELs. 4. Ensure that the instrument returns to a zero measurement before the next reading. If necessary, move to an area without measurable organic to vapors zero-out the instrument. 6.0 EQUIPMENT CLEANING The sampler, brass or stainless steel liners, spatula, and tools used in assembly and disassembly of the soil sampler will be cleaned before and after each use. All soil will be removed from the tools and parts, and the tools will be steam-cleaned or washed in laboratory- grade detergent water with a brush, followed by rinsing in potable water. Decontamination rinsate will be collected and stored properly for future disposal by the client unless other arrangements have been made. Attachments: Table: Water and Soil Analytical Methods and Sample Handling Figures: Daily Field Record · Boring Log Well Log Chain-of-Custody Record Sample Control Log Sheet ! SOIL SAMPLING FOR CHEMICAL ANALYSIS Page 6 of 6 MSC\PROTO~SS.TXT REVISION DATE: MARCH 1996 8S-6 I GEOMATRIX TABLE 1 WATER AND SOIL ANALYTICAL METHODS AND SAMPLE HANDLING Parameter Method Water Containerst Preservation: Maximum Holding Time~ Total Petroleum Hydrocarbons: · as diesel GCFID (3550)2 2 - 1 liter amber glass cool on ice 14 days (unacidified water, 7 days) · as gasoline GCFID (5030)2 2 - 40 ml VOA glass HCL to pH 2 in water samples:, cool on ice 14 days (unacidified water, 7 days) Benzene, Toluene, Xylene, and EPA 8020 2 - 40 mi VOA glass HCL to pH 2 in water samples: cool on ice 14 days (unacidified water, 7 days) Ethylbenzene Oil and Grease 5520 E & F (soil)3 5520 C & F (water)3 2 - 1 liter amber glass H2SO4to pH <2 in water samples: cool on ice 28 days Volatile Organics EPA 8010 2 - 40 mi VOA glass cool on ice4 14 days (unacidified water, 7 days) EPA 82405 2 - 40 mi VOA glass HCL to pH 2 in water samples: cool on ice 14 days (unacidified water, 7 days) Semi-volatile Organics EPA 8270 2 - ! liter amber glass cool on ice 7 days for extraction, water 14 days for extraction, soil 40 days for analysis Polynuclear Aromatic EPA 8310 2 - 40 ml VOA glass cool on ice 7 days, water Hydrocarbons 14 days, soil Metals (dissolved) EPA 7000 series for 1 - 500 mi plastic Water Samples: field filtration (0.45 micron 6 months, except: specific metal filter) and field acidify to pH 2 with HNO3 except: Hg - 28 days Cr+6 - cool on ice Cr+6 - 24 hours, water; 24 hours after prep, soil N~tes: ~ All soil samples should be collected in full, clean brass liners, capped with aluminum foil or Teflon and plastic caps, and sealed with tape. If soil samples are to be analyzed for metals, they may be placed in laboratory-prepared clean glass jars. Soil should be cooled as indicated under "preservation" and maximum holding times apply to both soil and water unless otherwise noted. '- For analysis in California, use California DHS recommended procedure as presented in LUFT manual using gas chromatography with a flame ionization detector. In other states, local requirements should be followed. 3 Method to be used in California Regional Water Quality Control Board North Coast and Central Valley Regions. In other areas, local requirements should be followed. 4 If EPA Methods 8010 and 8020 are to be run in sequence, HCL may be added. Check with the project manager before adding acid. ~ Chloroethylvinyletber may be detected at concentrations below 50 parts per billion due to degradation of HCL. References: U.S. EPA, 1986, Test Methods for Evaluating Solid Waste - Physical/Chemical Methods - SW-846, Third Edition, July, and final amendments. California State Water Resources Control Boai'd, 1989, Leaking Underground Fuel Tank (LUFT) Field Manual, Tables 3-3 and 3-4, October. California Regional Water Quality Control Boards, North Coast, San Francisco Bay, and Central Valley Regions, 1990, Regional Board Staff Recommendations for Initial Evaluation and Investigation of Underground Tanks, 10 August. MSC\PROTO-WS.TBL i DALLY FIELD RECORD ~ Page I of~ 1 Project and Task Number: Date: - Project Name: ~ Field Activity: i1' Location: Weather: Time of OVM Calibration: · · Steel-toed Boots Hard Hat Tyvek Coveralls I- Rubber Gloves Safety Goggles 1/2-Face Respirator i Forms(PF).004 (Revised 12/95) DALLY FIELD RECORD (continued) Page Project and Task Number: Date: , F:orm$(PF).O0$ {Ro¥isod 12/05) PROJECT: Log of Boring No. ELEVAT'ION AND DATUM: BORING LOCATION: DATE STARTED: DATE FINISHED: DRILLING CONTRACTOR: TOTAL DEPTH: MEASURING POINT: DRILLING METHOD: i FIRST , COMPL. DRILLING EQUIPMENT: DEPTH TO WATER: , LOGGED BY: SAMPLING METHOD: I' ~ REG. NO. HAMMER WEIGHT: DROP: RESPONSIBLE PROFESSIONAL: ", SAMPLES '~ DESCRIPTION ~ · ~ E REMARKS '~ ~ ~ c~ NAME (USGS Symbol): color, moist, % by weight., plast., consistency, structure, cementation, react, w/HCI, geo. inter. m (~ o Surface Elevation: .... B-1 (12J95) PROJECT: Log of Boring No. SAMPLES .~ · · · E DESCRIPTION UJ ~' ~o NAME (USCS Symbol): color, moist, % by v,~ight., plast., consistency, structure, cementation, react, w/IiCI, geo. Inter. ~' ~ m ~- REMARKS ~ mEzLt. > B-2 (12/95) Project No. I Geomatrix Consultants I Figure B-2 (Blank) PROJECT: Log of Well No. BORING LOCATION: ELEVATION AND DATUM: DRILLING CONTRACTOR: DATE STARTED: DATE FINISHED: DRILLING METHOD: TOTAL DEPTH: SCREEN INTERVAL: DEPTH TO '~ FIRST '~ COMPL. CASING: DRILLING EQUIPMENT: WATER: ~ ~ SAMPLING METHOD: LOGGED BY: HAMMER WEIGHT: I DROP: RESPONSIBLE PROFESSIONAL: ~I REG. NO. SAMPLES ff DESCRIPTION __~ ~ · · ~ ~ n-~.' '~ NAME (USCS Symbol): color, moist, % by weight., pla.., WELL CONSTRUCTION DETAILS ~- ~ ~ ~ AND/OR DRILLING REMARKS r~ Em Z ~- consistency, structure, cementation, react, w/HCI, geo. inter. co (~ ~ u_ ~ Surface Elevation: W-t (12/95) Project No. I Geomatrix Consultants I Figure W-I (Blank) PROJECT: Log of Well No. SAMPLES ~ ~ ~ DESCRIPTION WELL CONSTRUCTION DETAILS ~. ~ NAME (USCS Symbol): color, moist, % by weight., plast., ~ ~ AND/OR DRILLING REMARKS ~:~ ~° LL°~ consistency, st~cture, cementation, react, w/HCI, geo. inter. W-2 (12/95) Project No. I Geomatrix Consultants I Figure W-2 (Blank) CHAIN-OF-CUSTODY RECORD I N° IDate: IPage of Project No.: ANALYSES REMARKS Samplers (Signatures): o~ ~o ~ ~ o~ ~ .~ Additional Comments {3- O- a- ~ Z Date Time ~ample Number ,,, ,,, u~ ,,, ~- ~- o Relinquished by (signature): Dale: Relinquished by (signature): Dale: Relinquished by (signature): Date: Method of Shipment: Laboratory Comments and Log ~o.: Printed Name: Printed Name: ~rinted Name: Time: Time: Time: Company: Company: Company: Received by (signature): Date: Received by (signature): Date: Received by (signature): Date: Printed Name: Printed Name: Printed Name: Time: Time: Time: ~ Company: Company: Company: GEOMATRIX Forrns(PF).012b (Revised 12/95) SAMPLE CONTROL LOG ~ GEOMATRIX Project Name: Laboratory: Project and Task No.' Page __ of __ Forms(PF).o06 (Revised 12/95) GEOMATRIX I PROTOCOL INSTALLATION AND DESTRUCTION OF WELLS I 1.0 INTRODUCTION ! This protocol describes the procedures to be followed during the installation or destruction of I monitoring, groundwater extraction, and vapor extraction wells. Drilling and logging of soil borings for the well installation will be in conformance with the protocol DRILLING OF I SOIL BORINGS. The procedures presented herein are intended to be of general use and may ibe supplemented by a work plan and/or health and safety plan. As the work progresses and if warranted, appropriate revisions may be made by the project manager. Detailed procedures in Ithis protocol may be superseded by applicable regulatory requirements. I 2.0 WELL INSTALLATION I A DAILY FIELD RECORD will be completed for each day of fieldwork, and the original will be kept in the project files. If required, permits will be acquired from the appropriate I agency(s), and an underground utility check will be performed before drilling begins. An underground utility check will, at a minimum, consist of contacting a local utility alert service, I if available. I After well installation, well completion report(s) will be completed and filed with the State I Department of Water Resources or the appropriate agency. i Each groundwater monitoring well will be designed to enable measurement of the potentio- metric surface and to permit water samPling of a specific water-bearing zone. Each vapor I monitoring Well will be designed to enable measurement of pressure conditions and permit sampling of a specific zone. The field geologist/engineer, in consultation with the project I geologist or engineer, who will be licensed in the state in which the work is performed if required, will specify the screened interval using the lithologic log and geophysical log (if I INSTALLATION AND DESTRUCTION OF WELLS Page 1 of 8 MSC\PROTO-IW.TXT REVISION DATE: MARCH 1996 IW-1 I I performed) and will select the well materials and techniques for well completion to be compatible with the subsurface conditions and the intended use of the well. Construction of all I wells will be in conformance with the following provisions. A TYPICAL MONITORING WELL CONSTRUCTION DIAGRAM is attached. 2.1 WELL SCREEN AND CASING I The well casing will generally consist of threaded stainless steel or schedule 40 (minimum) polyvinyl chloride (PVC) casing. The inside diameter of the casing will be large enough to I permit easy passage of an appropriate water-level probe and equipment for purging wells and i water sample collection. I The well screen will generally consist of machine-slotted PVC or wire-wrapped stainless steel screen. The slot sizes will be compatible with the selected filter material. The screened I sections will provide flow between the target zone and the well, allowing efficiency in well development and collection of representative samples. 2.2 FILTER MATERIAL I Filter material will be well-graded, clean sand (generally less than 2 percent by weight passing a No. 200 sieve and less than 5 percent by weight of calcareous material). The filter material I will be either a standard sand gradation designed for a range of anticipated soil types or a sand gradation specifically designed to fit the soils collected from anticipated well completion zone. 2.3 SETTING SCREENS AND RISER CASING I Upon completion of drilling and/or geophysical logging, the boring will be sounded to verify i the total depth, and the well casing will be assembled and lowered into the boring. Well casing materials will be measured to the nearest 0.1 foot and steam-cleaned before being I lowered into the borehole. The well assembly will be designed so that the well screen is opposite the target zone. The bottom of the well will be fitted with a secure bottom-end cap. I No PVC cement or other solvents will be used to fasten the well casing joints, well screen .joints, or end caps. When installing wells in an open borehole, stainless steel centralizers will I INSTALLATION AND DESTRUCTION OF WELLS Page 2 of 8 MSC\PROTO-IW.TXT REVISION DATE: MARCH 1996 IW-2 I GEOMATRIX be used immediately above and below the well screen and approximately 30 to 50 feet every along the length of the casing. Centralizers need not be placed on well assemblies installed within augers or drill casings because the auger or drill casing will adequately center the well casing and screen in the borehole. For borings drilled by the mud rotary method, potable water may be added to the drill mud and circulated in the borehole after completion of the boring. Circulation will continue until the suspended sediment in the return fluid has been decreased. If borehole conditions are relatively stable, the mud will be thinned before the casing assembly is lowered to the specified depth. This is preferred because it reduces the potential for clogging the well screen with thick mud. Conversely, if borehole conditions are relatively unstable, the mud will be thinned after the casing is placed at the specified depth but prior to installation of annular fill materials. After installation of the well assembly, a slurry of filter sand and potable water will then be tremied into the annular space. I For drilled the hollow stem the filter sand will be Placed after the borings using auger method, well assembly has been lowered to the specific depth through the augers. The augers will be i incrementally raised as the filter sand is placed by free fall through the augers. The depth to the top of the filter pack will be measured after each increment to detect possible bridging. If bridging occurs, it will be broken by washing the filter materials into proper place with potable water or by repeatedlY raising and lowering the augers slightly. The amount of water, I if any, added to the borehole should be noted on the BORING LOG or DAILY FIELD i RECORD. I For monitoring wells, the filter sand will be placed in a calculated quantity sufficient to fill the annular space to a level of about 1 to 2 feet above the top of the well screen. For extraction I wells, the level of filter sand above the well screen will be based on site conditions. The depth to the top of the filter pack will be verified by measuring, using a tremie pipe or a weighted I tape. Groundwater extraction wells or monitoring wells may be surged before placement of the transition seal to promote filter material settlement, as specified by the project manager. I INSTALLATION AND DESTRUCTION OF WELLS Page 3 of 8 MSC\PROTO-IW.TXT REVISION DATE: MARCH 1996 IW-3 I GEOMATRIX I Once the depth to the top of the filter material has been verified, bentonite or fine sand may be placed in the annular space as a transition seal between the filter material and the grout. A Isufficient quantity of bentonite or fine sand will be poured to fill the annular space to a level of about 2 feet above the top of the filter pack. If bentonite is to be' placed below standing water, I a high-solids bentonite grout will be pumped through a tremie pipe, or pellets may be poured through the annulus. If bentonite is to be placed above standing water, a high-solids bentonite i grout should be used or pellets may be placed in 6-inch lifts. Unless prohibited by well conditions, each lift should be hydrated using approximately 1 gallon of potable water per lift I of pellets. The completed bentonite transition seal will be allowed to hydrate for at least 30 I minutes prior to placing the grout. If a layer of fine sand is placed as the transition seal, the fine sand will be mixed with potable water and placed as a slurry through the tremie pipe or I poured dry through the annulus. The depth to the top of the transition seal will be verified by measuring, using the tremie pipe or a weighted tape. ! A neat cement grout, cement/sand grout, cement/bentonite grout, or high-solids bentonite grout will be placed from the top of the transition seal to the ground surface. The grout seal will be placed by pumping through a tremie pipe lowered to within 5 feet of the top of the I transition seal in mud rotary borings. The grout seal will be placed in hollow stem auger borings by free fall through the augers as they are incrementally raised or by'pumping through I flexible hose or tremie pipe lowered to near the bottom of the zone to be grouted. The grout must be tremied if there is standing water in the augers above the transition seal. I Grout/additive/water mixtures will be determined on a site-specific basis. Typical i specifications of grout mixtures include: (a) neat cement/bentonite grout, consisting of a mixture of one sack (94 pounds) of Portland Type I/II cement, approximately 2 to 5 percent by I weight (of cement) powdered bentonite, and approximately 6 to 8 gallons of water; (b) neat cement grout, consisting of one sack of Portland cement and approximately 5 to 6 gallons of I water; and (c) cement/sand grout, consisting of no more than two parts sand to one part cement and approximately 7 gallons of water. Only potable water will be used to prepare the I grout. No work will be done on the monitoring well until after the. grout has set approximately 24 hours. I INSTALLATION AND DESTRUCTION OF WELLS Page 4 of 8 MSC\PROTO-IW.TXT REVISION DATE: MARCH 1996 IW-4 ! GEOMATRIX 2.4 SURFACE COMPLETION Upon completion of the well, a suitable slip-on cap, threaded end cap, or waterproof cap will be on top casing to potential for entry of surface runoff or fitted the of the riser reduce the foreign matter. Either a steel protective well cover (e.g., stovepipe) or a vault which may have a traffic-rated cover will be completed at the ground surface. All wells will be locked for security and will be designed to. limit surface water infiltration. 2.5 DEVELOPMENT OF GROUNDWATER MONITORING OR EXTRACTION WELLS When the well installation is ~omplete and the grout has cured a minimum of 24 hours, the well will be developed by surging, bailing, and/or pumping, or other appropriate method as specified by the project manager. The objectives of well development are to remove sediment that may have accumulated during well installation, to consolidate the filter pack around the well screen, and to enhance the hydraulic connection between the target zone and the well. In most instances, a bailer will be used to 'remove sediment and turbid water from the bottom of the well. A block then be used within the entire screened interval to flush the filter surge may pack of fine sediment. Surging will be conducted slowly to reduce disruption to the filter pack and screen. The well will be bailed again to remove sediment drawn in by the surging process until suspended sediment is reduced. Following bailing and surging, the well may be further developed using air-lift or pUmping methods. A bailer may be used for low-yield wells. If possible, the well will be developed at a higher pumping rate than the anticipated rate of future purgingl During development, the turbidity of the water will be monitored, and the pH, specific conductance, and temperature of the return water will'be measured. Drawdown and recovery will be measured during and at the end of the development process, respectively, using an electric sounder. Well development will proceed until, in the judgment of the Geomatrix field personnel, the return water is of sufficient clarity. If the screened interval is too long to be developed adequately in one stage, multiple stages will be employed, in which the end of the pump intake will be raised or lowered to various depths, as required. INSTALLATION AND DESTRUCTION OF WELLS Page 5 of 8 MSC\PROTO-IW.TXT REVISION DATE: MARCH 1996 IW-5 GEOMATRIX I 2.6 DOCUMENTATION IA well construction diagram for each well will be completed in the field on the WELL LOG by the field geologist/engineer and submitted to the reviewing geologist or engineer upon I completion of each well. Well installation and construction data will be summarized on the DAILY FIELD RECORD or on a specialized form produced for this purpose. Well develoP- I ment notes and field measurements of water quality parameters will be summarized on a WELL SAMPLING AND/OR DEVELOPMENT RECORD. Following review by the project I manager, the original records will be kept in the project file. 3,0 CLEANING OF DRILLING EQUIPMENT ICleaning of the drill rig and associated drilling equipment will follow the procedures discussed Iin Section 2.0 of the protocol DRILLING AND DESTRUCTION OF SOIL BORINGS. I All well casing materials will be cleaned before they are installed. Well development equipment will be cleaned before use. The following cleaning procedure has been found to be I effective and will be used for conditions of materials or adapted as appropriate general or equipment to be cleaned. ! 1. Steam-rinse with potable water or rinse in deionized or organic-free water. I 2. Cover with clean plastic to protect materials and equipment from contact with chemical products, dust, or other contaminants. I Alternatively, well casing materials that have been steam-cleaned and sealed in individual I airtight plastic bags by the factory can be used. I Decontamination rinsate will be collected and stored properly for future disposal by the client, i unless other arrangements have been made. I INSTALLATION AND DESTRUCTION OF WELLS Page 6 of 8 MSC\PROTO-IW.TXT REVISION DATE: MARCH 1996 IWo6' I GIEOMATRIX I 4.0 WELL DESTRUCTION I Destruction of wells will be completed in accordance with applicable state and local requirements. If required, permits for destruction will be obtained from the appropriate I regulatory agency. As part of destruction design and implementation, care will be taken to seal groundwater pathways between multiple aquifers and to limit surface water infiltration I through the destroyed borehole. If practical, the well casing will be removed from the borehole. If the well casing cannot be I removed, the casing should be cut and/or pressure-grouted in accordance with regulating agency requirements. For shallow wells and if the well has been completed in the uppermost ,! ' aquifer, the casing may be pulled from the borehole before auger entry. Alternatively, and if the well has been completed below the uppermost aquifer, the annular fill may be drilled out with hollow stem augers and the casing removed from the borehole through the If the augers. well casing is PVC or other similar material and cannot be removed as described above, it I may be removed by drilling out the casing and annular fill using a tricone or drag bit and a rotary drilling method. The borehole will be redrilled to the same or a slightly larger diameter I than the original borehole. The redrilled borehole will be plumb and adequately centered, and all of the well casing will be removed. The borehole will be filled with a neat cement, cement/sand, cement/bentonite grout, or a high-solids bentonite grout. Before its initial set, the grout will be placed in one continuous i pour from the bottom of the boring to the ground surface. The grout will be emplaced by pumping through a tremie pipe or flexible hose which is initially lowered to the bottom of the i borehole. The augers should be raised incrementally as emplacement proceeds, but not exceed increments of 20 feet or increments greater than allowed by borehole stability. Boreholes that ! I are terminated above the water table and are not greater than 20 feet deep may be grouted by a continuous pour originating at the ground surface. If the aquifer is confined and the head I is the need to be placed under pressure great, grout may. pressure. INSTALLATION AND DESTRUCTION OF WELLS Page 7 of 8 . ~ MSC\PROTO-IW.TXT REVISION DATE: MARCH 1996 IW-7 ! GEOMATRIX The volume of sealing material used will be calculated and compared to the casing or borehole volume to ensure that bridging has not occurred during well destruction. If the well is in an urban area and if the casing remains in the borehole, a hole will be excavated around the well to a depth of 5 feet, and the casing will be removed to the bottom of the excavation. The sealing material will be allowed to spill over into the excavation to form a cap. The remainder ' of the excavation will be backfilled with either native material, grout, or concrete. i Attachments: Daily Field Record Typical Monitoring Well Construction Diagram I Well Log Well Sampling and/or Development Record I I ! I' INSTALLATION AND DESTRUCTION OF WELLS Page 8 of 8 MSC\PROTO-IW.TXT REVISION DATE: MARCH 1996 IW-8 I I DALLY FIELD RECORD GEOMATRIX Page 1 of~ i Project and Task Number: Date: Project Name: Field Activity: I' Location: Weather: Time of OVM Calibration: Steel-toed Boots Hard Hat Tyvek Coveralls '1 Rubber Gloves Safety Goggles 1/2-Face Respirator I Forms(PF).004 (Revised 12/95) DALLY FIELD RECORD (continued) =.ou^..,x Page of ~ Project and Task Number: Date: Forms(PF).005 (Revised 12/95 TYPICAL MONITORING WELL CONSTRUCTION DIAGRAM Traffic-rated cover Well cap Ground surface Blank casing ~ = Christy box -- Locking steel cover Borehole at least 4 inches greater than casing diameter Grout Transition seal (bentonite pellets or fine sand) Filter sand ;....~....~ii. .:..- Well screen 'itl;:' = C":..'"."'"; !!?!~ ,:.:::.:.. End cap ,.:..-. . .:..., Not to scale I I Forms(PF).008 (Revised 12./95) PROJECT: Log of Well No. BORING LOCATION: ELEVATION AND DATUM: DRILLING CONTRACTOR: DATE STARTED: DATE FINISHED: DRILLING METHOD: TOTAL DEPTH: SCREEN INTERVAL: DEPTH TO '~ FIRST i COMPL. CASING: DRILLING EQUIPMENT: WATER: ~ I SAMPLING METHOD: LOGGED BY: HAMMER WEIGHT: I DROP: RESPONSIBLE PROFESSIONAL: ~I REG. NO. DESCRIPTION ~~.._ ~SAM~LES® ~'~' NAME (USCSSymbol):color, moist, % bywelght.,plast., WELL CONSTRUCTION DETAILS ~ ~ ~ ~' ~. consistency, structure, cementation, react, w/HCI, geo. inter. AND/OR DRILLING REMARKS u~ u) ~' ~) Surface Elevation: W-1 (12/95) Project No, I Geomatrix Consultants I Figure W-1 (Blank) PROJECT: Log of Well No. SAMPLES ~ DESCRIPTION '~ _e · ~ ~' WELL CONSTRUCTION DETAILS o ~ ~ ;;7 = ~ AND/OR DRILLING REMARKS o3 ~ ~, u. ~ consistency, structure, cemental~on, react, w/HCl, geo. inter. - W-2 ('i 2/95) Project No, I Geomatrix Consultants I Figure W-2 (Blank) GEOMATRIX AND/OR DEVELOPMENT RECORD Well ID: Initial Depth to Water: Sample ID: Duplicate ID: Depth to Water after Sampling: Sample Depth: Total Depth of Well: Project and Task No.: Well Diameter: ProjeCtDate: Name: (Circle1 Casing/Boreholeone) Volume = Sampled By: 4 Casing/Borehole Volumes = (Circle one) Method of Purging: Total Casing/Borehole Method of Sampling: Volumes Removed: :::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::: i !i i :'! ~ Model or Unit No.: Buffer Solution pH 4.0 pH 7.0 pH 10.0 Temperature °C Instrument Reading Model or Unit No.: KCL Solution (~S/cm = pmhos/cm) Temperature °C Instrument Reading Notes: Fo~s(PF).O03 (Revised 12/95)