HomeMy WebLinkAboutABOVEGROUND TANK (2)
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REMEDIAL INVESTIGATION PLAN
GARRIOTT CROP OUSTING
BAKERSFIELD AIRPARK
BAKERSFIELD, CALIFORNIA
pr.¡Ç¡ ¡~!'l!\IAR'Y
j !u_;"'¡ltl H
Prepared For
Clifford, Jenkins and Brown
and
Garriott Crop Dusting
October, 1986
Prepared By
Er~CON Associ ates
445 West Garfield Avenue
Glendale, California 91204
Project: 848-01.01
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emcon Associates
TABLE OF CONTENTS
Page
1.0 INTRODUCTION
1.1 PURPOSE
1.2 SITE BACKGROUND
1
1
2
1.2.1 Site Maps and Drawings 2
1.2.2 Description of Regional Geology and Hydrogeology 2
1.2.3 History of Chemical Usage and Disposal 6
1.2.4 Suspected Areas of Contamination 6
2.0 QUALITY ASSURANCE/QUALITY CONTROL (QA/QC) PLAN
2.1 SAMPLING QA/QC PLAN
2.2 LABORATORY ANALYSIS QA/QC PLAN
8
8
8
3.0 HEALTH AND SAFETY PLAN AND COMMUNITY RELATIONS
3.1 HEALTH AND SAFETY PLAN
10
3.2 COMMUNITY RELATIONS AND NOTIFICATION
10
12
4.0 REMEDIAL INVESTIGATION PROGRAM
13
4.1 REVIEW OF EXISTING HYDROGEOLOGIC DATA
4.2 SOIL AND GROUND-WATER SAMPLING PROGRAM
13
4.2.1 At-Depth Sampling
4.2.2 "Hiyh Potential II Area Sampling
4.2.3 Random Sampling
15
15
19
20
4.3 SURFACE WATER RUN-OFF SAMPLING PROGRAM
4.4 AIR QUALITY PROGRAM
21
21
5.0 ANALYTICAL PROGRAM
5.1 ANALYTICAL PARAMETERS
23
23
emcon Associates
TABLE OF CONTENTS
(continued)
Page
5.2 ANALYTICAL METHODS
5.3 ANALYTICAL RESULTS AND REPORT OF FINDINGS
23
25
Figures
Figure 1 - Site Location Map
Figure 2 - Site Plan
Figure 3 - Ground-Water Elevation Contour Map
Figure 4 - Water Well Location Map
Figure 5 - Boring Location Map
Figure 6 - Chain-of-Custody Form
3
4
5
14
16
18
Tables
Table 1 - Recommended and Required Sampling and
Analytical Methods
Table 2 - Analytical Procedures
9
24
Appendices
Appendix A - Chemical Inventory - Garriott Crop Dusting
Appendix B - DOHS Analytical Data
Appendix C - Quality Assurance/Quality Control Program
Appendix D - B.C. Laboratories QA/QC Program
Appendix E - Random Sampling Program Methodology
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emcon Rssociates
1.0 INTRODUCTION
1.1 PURPOSE
This document is the Remedial Investigation Plan prepared for the
Garriott Crop Dusting facil ity located at 2010 South Union Avenue in
Bakersfield, California at the Bakersfield Air Park. The Plan outlines
steps that will be taken by Garri ott Crop Dusting and thei r envi ron-
mental consultant, EMCON Associates, to determine the extent of surface
and subsurface soil contamination 'as well as ground-water contamination
that may have resulted from the use and operation of an on-site 1 iquid
impoundment which was used for the evaporation of rinsewater containing
pesticides, fertilizers, and fungicides.
These steps are being taken by Garriott and EMCON Associates in response
to State and local requests which have been transmitted to Garriott both
verbally and in writing. In particular, this plan is based on require-
ments out 1 i ned by the Ca 1 iforni a Department of Health Servi ces in a
letter addressed to P.I.C. Environmental Management, who was the previ-
ous environmental consultant, dated August 25, 1986 and the following
guidance documents:
· Guidance on Remedial Investigations and Feasibility
Studies Under CERCLA, US EPA 540/G-85/003, June 1985
· Test t~ethods for the Evaluation of Solid Wastes, Physi-
cal/Chemical Methods, SW-846, 2nd Edition, US EPA, 1982.
· Remedial Investigation Workplan Outline, as adopted by
the State Department of Health Services (DOHS).
These documents, as well as the mi ni mum "core program" out 1 i ned in the
August 25th 1 etter to P. 1. C., wi 11 be used by Garri ott and EMCON to
ensure that the contamination investigation at the site is both
"methodical and cost effective" and results in the generation of data
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emcon Associates
that can be used effectively to determine the need for additional
ground-water investigations, interim remedial measures or development of
final site remediation steps.
1.2 SITE BACKGROUND
1.2.1 Site Maps and Drawings
The facility is located on a parcel of land adjacent to the Bakers-
field Air Park approximately 1.5 miles south of the Bakersfield
Tehachapi Highway (State Highway 58) (see Figure 1). Figùre 2
illustrates the site features including the liquid impoundment.
Once the Remedial Investigation has been completed, a more detailed
site-specific plot plan will be prepared.
1.2.2 Description of Regional Geology and HYdrogeology
Based on a cursory overview of existing hydrogeologic data, the
site is located in an area where the depth to ground water is
approximately 200 feet above mean sea level, or approximately
175 feet below the surface. The shallow water in this area is a
usable resource and the general hydraulic gradient below the site
appears to be relatively flat. The actual direction of flow cannot
be determined with certainty and may vary according to the manage-
ment of water recharge in the spreading grounds to the north of the
site. Figure 3 illustrates the general ground-water occurrence and
flow in the area.
During the first phase of this project, published data on the
regional geology and hydrology will be more fully researched. This
will include surveying the water elevations in the local water
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emcon Associates
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?IÞI Rssoclates
CLIFFORD, JENKINS, AND BRO WN
REMEDIAL INVESTIGATION PLAN
GARRIOTT CROP DUSTING
BA'KERSFIELD, CALIFORNIA
FIGURE
I
SITE LOCATION MAP
PROJECT NO.
848-01.01
PROPERTY
LINE
/0/14!86,ms
CHEMICAL DOCK
WASH
RACK
EXISTING IMPOUNDMENT
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DRAINAGE SWALE 1:
LEGEND
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CLIFFORD, JENKINS, AND i3RO WN
REMEDIAL INVESTIGATION PLAN
GARR I OTT CROP DUSTING
BAKERSFIELD, CALI FORN fA
81 TE PLAN
FIGURE
2
,""OJECT NO.
848-01.01
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CLIFFORD, JENKINS, AND BROWN
REMEDIAL INVESTIGATION PLAN
GARR I OTT CROP DUSTING
BAKERSFIELD, CALI FORN IA
GROUND-WATER ELEVATION CONTOUR MAP
JULY 1984
FIGURE
~ emcon
?IÞ Associates
3
I'ftOJECT NO.
848-01.01
wells and identifying and compiling water quality data. Once this
has been completed, a Hydrogeologic Report will be developed.
1.2.3 History of Chemical Usage and Disposal
Garri ott Crop Dusti ng has been doi ng busi ness at thi s 1 ocati on
since 1969 and the impoundment was constructed during 1970.
Garriott provides, through the use of their own airplanes, crop
dusting services for their clients in the surrounding areas.
Depending upon the client's needs, he/she will purchase the type of
agents needed and then contract with Garriott to apply the materi-
als. Each time a load is changed, the tanks on the airplanes must
be rinsed; the rinseate from this operation entered the impoundment
via a concrete pad and trench drain. Garriott is no longer rinsing
the airplanes in this manner. At present, the plane is brought
back to the facility, filled with water and returned to the
client's field to discharge the rinseate.
Due to the fact that Garriott does not purchase or stock specific
materials but rather supplies the "application method" for the
products selected and purchased by thier clients, compiling a
chemical inventory is impossible, however, Garriott has compiled a
1 i st of products that "may have been used over the years. II Thi s
list is presented in Appendix A.
1.2.4 Suspected Areas of Contamination
The California Department of Health Services (DOHS) and the Cali-
fornia Regional Water Quality Control Board - Central Valley Region
(RWQCB) conducted a joint inspection of the Garriott facility on
February 8, 1985 to investigate complaints by the Kern County
Health Department and to ascertain compl iance with water qual ity
regulations. The RWQCB stated that the on-site impoundment posed a
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threat to ground-water quality and that plans were to be submitted
to (1) assess the extent of contami nat ion in the site soil sand
ground water and (2) describe procedures to ensure the proper
management of pesticide materials in the future. A second
inspection was conducted by the DOHS on June 26, 1986 at which time
shallow soil samples, as well as liquid and sludge samples from the
impoundment, were obtained for analysis. In addition, soil samples
were obtained from the property to the east of the Garriott
facility by a contractor retained by the City of Bakersfield.
The soil samples indicated that some contamination was present and
that further investigative work on the site was warranted. Copies
of the analytical results are presented in Appendix B.
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emcon Associates
2.0 QUALITY ASSURANCEI
QUALITY CONTROL (QA/QC) PLAN
2.1 SAMPLING QA/QC PLAN
A site-specific QA/QC plan for sampling soils and waters has not been
prepared, however, Appendix C contains EMCON's general QA/QC program
which will be followed. At a minimum, the protocol includes:
· Equipment maintenance procedures.
· Sample collection procedures.
· Chain-of-custOdy procedures.
· Sample preservation procedures.
These procedures wi 11 be used througnout the proj ect unl ess otherwi se
specified.
2.2 LABORATORY ANALYSIS QA/QC PLAN
All samples will be sent to a State approved and certified laboratory
for anal ys is. Standard methodo I 09i es wi 11 be used, as appropri ate,
using the analyzed protocols yiven in Table 1.
At present we anticipate using B.C. Laboratories in Bakersfield. A copy
of their QA/QC Plan is presented in Appendix D.
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emcon Rssociates
TABLE 1
RECOMMENDED AND REQUIRED SAMPLING
AND ANALYTICAL METHODS
CAC, TITLE 22, ARTICLE 11
1. "Test Methods for Evaluating Solid Waste, Physical/Chemical
Methods" SW-846, 2nd Edition, US EPA 1982.
2. II Standard r~ethods for the Exami nat i on of Water and Waste Water (6th
Edition)1I American Public Health Association, 1985.
3. IIMethods for Chemical Analysis of Water and Wastesll EPA
600/4-79-020 US EPA 1979.
4. IIManual of Analytical Methods for the Analysis of Pesticides in
Humans and Environmental Samplesll EPA 600/8-80-038 US EPA 1980.
5. Federal Register Volume 47, Number 103, Appendix A, Pages 23376-
23389, May 7, 1982.
6. Ameri can Society for Testing and Materials (ASTM) Standards
0-93-79, 0-3278-73.
7. National Association of Corrosion Engineers (NACE) Standard
TM-01-69.
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emcon Associates
3.0 HEALTH AND SAFETY PLAN
AND COMMUNITY RELATIONS
3.1 HEALTH AND SAFETY PLAN
A generic Health and Safety Plan has been developed by EMCON Associates
for sites similar to the Garriott facility, however, a site-specific
plan will be developed for the facility prior to initiation of any
remedial actions at the site. This plan will be submitted to the DOHS
for approval two weeks prior to the initiation of any remedial action
work. At a minimum, this plan will address the following aspects of
worker and community safety:
A. Worker Safety
1. Protective Equipment
2. Training
3. On-Site Monitoring
, B. Community Safety
1. Site Access Control
2. Off-site Air Monitoring
3. Contingency Plan
In the interim, EMCON's corporate safety officer has reviewed the
available site information and conducted an initial Site Safety Evalu-
ation. The Safety Evaluation is a tool used by EMCON to develop
acceptable personnel safety requirements for EMCON employees involved in
,the investigation phase of the project, specifically, geologists, field
technicians, and on-site project coordinators/managers. These require-
ments are also presented to all of EMCON's subcontractors and other
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on-site personnel for information purposes and to enable them to select
adequate safety precauti ons of thei r own. The requi rements are sum-
marized below:
1. Personnel Safety Equipment: Level Cl
· Tyvek coveralls
· Plastic shoe covers
· Butyl rubber gloves with glove liners
· Goggles
2. Respiratory Equipment:
· Half-mask respi rator with organic vapor cartridges with
pesticide/dust prefilters
3. Decontamination Requirements:
Steam-clean all drilling equipment, including augers, samplers and
bits, using fresh water and trisodium phosphate as a cleaner. Con-
tain all rinsewaters through use of a containment device; water may
be considered hazardous waste, therefore, it must be containerized
in a DOT approved drum for disposal at a Class I facility. Dispose
of all equi pment and gear (except' respi rators) into a DOT approved
drum for disposal as hazardous waste. Drums must be properly
labeled and stored in an area that is secure and posted as a hazard-
ous waste storage area.
4. Site Access and Egress:
Only authorized personnel will be allowed on-site during the sam-
pling phase of the project. Security will be maintained by the site
operator. The Er'ICON proj ect manager wi 11 be respons i b 1 e for ensur-
ing that all personnel who come in contact with potentially contami-
nated soils follow the decontamination procedures described above.
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No personnel involved in the Remedial Investigation will leave the
site until decontamination procedures have been completed.
3.2 COMMUNITY RELATIONS AND NOTIFICATION
If the project moves into a remedial-action and clean-up phase, a Com-
munity Relations and Notification Plan will be prepared. This plan will
address the following items:
A. Public notification via any and all of the following techniques:
· news 1 etters
· community meetings
· project reviews
· technical briefings
· telephone hotline
B. Desirability of an information repository. If warranted, a central
depository will be designated either at a local public library, or
some other neighborhood facility such as a high school.
c. Public meetings. If public awareness and concern warrants, public
meetings will be held, either at specific critical points during
remedial action, or on a routine regular basis.
The plan will also address the agencies' role in community relations and
not if i cat ion and will i n cor p 0 rat e act i v i tie s con d u c t ed by the age n c i e s
as part of the program.
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emcon Associates
4.0 REMEDIAL INVESTIGATION PROGRAM
4.1 REVIEW OF EXISTING HYDROGEOLOGIC DATA
As required by the State, a determination must be made as to whether or
not activities at the facility have impacted areal ground-water
resources. To accomplish this task, EMCON will initially conduct a
comprehensive review of available data including, but not limited to:
· Constructi on detail s and use of the ground-\'iater supply
well(s) located on the same parcel of land as the
Garriott facility.
· Construction details and use of water supply wells within
a I-mile radius of the facility.
· Regional water quality data and Basin Plan objectives.
This information must be reviewed prior to the installation of any other
on-site wells to ensure that data collection activities are not to be
dupl icated and that the available data has been incorporated into the
overa 11 site assessment. Fi gure 4 ill ustrates the 1 ocat ions of some of
the wells that will be included in this phase of the project in relation
to the Garriott facility.
Once thi s data has been co 11 ected, it wi 11 be revi ewed and interpreted
by an Er~CON State-regi stered geo 1 ogi st. Based on we 11 construction
details and logs, a determination will be made as to whether or not the
existing on-site and near-by wells provide adequate data to assess the
quality of the shallow ground water at the site. EMCON's findings will
be di scussed in a Hydrogeo 1 ogi c Report whi ch wi 11 be submi tted to the
State within 30 days after the initial investigative work has been
completed. The report will also describe any additional steps that may
need to be taken to ascertain the site's impact on regional ground-water
resources.
-13-
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IMPROVEMENT DISTRICT NO.4
8AKERSfIfLO. CA1.tFORN\A
WATER WELLS AND
WATER SPREADING AREAS
1984
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REMEDIAL INVESTIGATION PLAN
GARR I OTT CROP DUSTING
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FIGURE
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WATER WELL LOCATION MAP
'ltO,¡rCT NO.
848-01.01
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4.2 SOIL AND GROUND-WATER SAMPLING PROGRAM
The objectives of the soil sampling program are to (1) determine whether
operation of the impoundment has resulted in deep soil contamination and
if so, to what extent, (2) determine whether surface contamination,
encountered in samples obtained by the OOHS in areas of hi gh chemi ca 1
usage, extends below the surface (i.e., past a depth of 2 feet), and
(3) determine whether contamination exists in shallow soils across the
site. In response to requests made by the State, the soil sampling will
be conducted in two separate phases. The soil s under the impoundment
will be sampled initally and based on the analytical results, the param-
eters will be, selected for analysis of the shallow soil samples (hot
spots and random areas). This approach wi 11 be used based on the
assumption that the liquids that entered the impoundment contained trace
amounts of a broad spectrum of products whereas the II hot spots II woul d
potentially contain higher concentrations of only a few products. Each
phase of sampling is described in detail below.
4.2.1 At-Depth Sampling
The number and pl acement of on-site bori ngs to obtai n subsurface
soi 1 samples wi 11 be fi na 1 i zed once it has been determi ned whether
additional on-site ground-water information is needed. At a mini-
mum, hO\'/ever, and for the purposes of this plan, two soil borings
will be drilled adjacent to the impoundment as illustrated on
Fiyure 5.
The borings will be drilled using continuous-flight hollow-stem
auger drilling equipment. Soil samples will be collected at 5-foot
intervals to a depth of 40 feet below grade. A modified California
split-spoon sampler will be used to collect the soil samples. All
-15-
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LEGEND
" SHALLOW SOl L SAMPLE
. SOIL BORING
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FIGURE
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CLIFFORD, JENKINS, AND 3ROWN
REMEDIAL INVEST I GATION PLAN
GARR I OTT CROP DUSTING
BAKERSFIELD, C~LI FORN IA
BORING LOCATION MAP
5
,""OJ!CT NO.
848-01.01
equipment that will come into contact with the soils will be steam-
cleaned prior to use and the sampler will be steam-cleaned between
borings. The sampler is used in combination with 2-inch-diameter
brass liners which will be sterilized prior insertion in the
sampler.
After the ri ngs have been removed from the samp ¡ er, they wi 11 be
wrapped in foil and placed in sterilized glass containers which
will subsequently be sealed nd labeled with the followiny infor-
mation: EMCON project number, date, sampler's initials, boring
number, and sampling depth. In addition, each sample will be
recorded on a chain-of-custody form (see Figure 6), identifying the
soil sample, sampler1s initials, date, any couriers used, and
responsible laboratory personnel. The samples will be placed on
ice for transport to the 1 aboratory. After the soil samples have
been obtained, the boring will be backfilled with a cement slurry
and completed at grade.
Samples obtained from the 5-foot depth in both borinys will be
submi tted to a State-certi fi ed 1 aboratory and wi 11 be composited
prior to analysis. The remaining soil samples will be archived for
possible future analysis (period not exceed two weeks) based on the
results of the first samples. Analytical parameters and methods
are discussed in Section 5.0. Personne-' protection requirements
are discussed in Section 3.0.
If it is determined that additional on-site ground-water data is
required, the RI will be modified such that one of the borings wil I
be drilled to ground water and completed as a ground-water monitor-
i n g well.
emcon Rssociates
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~ SAMPLING AND ANALYSIS CHAIN OF CUSTODY RECORD
EmC()n PROJECT NO. EMCON LABORATORY NO.
AS.SOCI""fS
REQUEST LABORATORY REQUIREMENTS CHAIN OF CUSTODY
SAMPLE TYPE EmCOn CONTRACT LABORATORY
A6S0Ct...'.1
SAMPlE 10 LABID PARAMETERS BOTTLES PRES. LABORATORY PO'" SAMPL'D BYiDATE REC'D BY I DATE COMMENTS REC'D BY ¡ DATE COMMENTS
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SIGNA lURES: LAOORATORY RELEASED TO COURRIER RELEASED TO LABORATORY RELEASED TO LABORATORY
REPRESENT A fiVE: BY FIELD PERSONNEL: BY COURRIER: . BY COURRIER:
RECEIVED BY COURRIER: RECEIVEO BY LAßORAt OR Y: RLClIVEO BY LABORAtORY:
.------
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4.2.2 "High Potential" Area Sampling
Initial soil samples obtained by the State indicate that some
contamination exists in surface soils in the following locations:
· Chemical storage/loading dock
· Trailer storage area
· Overflow pit located to the east of the impoundment
· Liquid and sludge from the impoundment
Each of these areas, with the exception of the liquids and sludges
in the impoundment and with the addition of the soils adjacent to
the "wash rack," will be sampled again to determine whether indi-
cated surface contami nat i on has resu lted in subsurface contami-
nation. The proposed sampling locations are illustrated on Fig-
u re 5.
As requested by the State, samples will be obtained from each
location at depths of one and two feet. The samples will be col-
lected using a the split-spoon sampler and truck-mounted auger type
drill rig.
The split-spoon sampler can be driven up to 18 inches to collect a
sing1e sample. Therefore, the first sample drive will be taken to
a depth of 18 inches, and the brass liner encomµassing the I-foot-
depth interval will be retained for analysis. The second sample
dri ve wi 11 be taken from 18 to 30 inches in depth, and the bras s
liner corresponding to the 2-foot interval retained. After col-
lection of the two samples, the boreholes will be backfil led with a
bentonite clay slurry in accordance with State requirements.
-19-
emcon Associates
Samples obtained at the 2-foot depth will not be immediately
submitted for analysis but will be archived until the analytical
results of the I-foot samples have been reported; this period will
not exceed 2 weeks. This will be done so that any analytical
parameters not encountered in the fi rst set of samples are not
included in subsequent analyses. Analytical parameters and methods
are discussed in Section 5.0.
4.2.3 Random Sampling
In addition to soil samples taken at areas of' known potential
contami nat ion, 18 soi 1 samples wi 11 be taken at separa"te and ran-
domly chosen locations. At each location a surface and at depth
(I-foot) sample will be taken and the two composited prior to
analysis.
The appropriate number of samples was determined by applying the
statistical methods described in EPA manual SW-846, Test Methods
for Evaluating Solid Waste, to site data previously obtained by the
Department of Health Services and the consultant for the City of
Bakersfield. Appendix D describes the method and illustrates how
the number of samples was determined from the existing data.
The 1 ocat ions of the sample will be chosen by approved methods of
randomization and not by arbitrary or intuitive choice. This will
ensure that the analytical data can be submitted to standard sta-
tistical manipulation. To ensure randomness, the area to be
sampled will be divided into 10,000 uniform sub-units. Each unit
will be numbered sequentially and the units to be sampl ed will be
chosen by the use of a table of random numbers.
Ttli s procedure shoul d enab 1 e a stat i st i ca I determi nat i on as to
whether the remainder of the site is "clean" at a signiticance
level of 0.05 (equivalent to a confidence level of 95 percent).
emcon Rssociates
Sampling methods and preservation techniques used during this phase
wi 11 be similar to those described previously.
4.3 SURFACE WATER RUN-OFF SAMPLING PROGRAM
The site is located adjacent to a drainage swale used by the City of
Bakersfield to direct rainwater from Union Avenue into a storm water
system. As illustrated in Figure 2 the swale is approximately 45 feet
due north of the Garriott facility. The drainage swale was constructed
such that sheet flow run-off from the Garriott facility as well as other
properties along Garriott Way goes directly into the swale and subse-
quently onto property which is owned by the City of Bakersfield.
The City retained IT Corporation to obtain soil and surface water
samples from the affected City property. Based on a review of the draft
data submitted by IT, there appears to be varyi ng amounts of both
organophosphorus and organochl ori ne compounds present. However, the
information that was available for review was in a draft format and
EMCON has not yet had the opportunity to review complete analytical
information. Until this data can be reviewed and incorporated into this
RI Plan, no additional surface run-off samples (water or soil) will be
obtained for analyses.
4.4. AIR QUALITY PROGRAM
During collection of off-site soi1 samples, IT Corporation also col-
lected air samples. In reviewing their draft report, it is not apparent
that there is any potential for tlarm to human health or the environment
due to airborne particulates. Small amounts of the compound called
"Oactha 1" were detected, however, the 1 eve 1 s detected were "at or close
-21-
emcon Rssociates
to the detection limit of 0.01 micrograms per sample.1I Further, IT's
report states that the IIlack of scanned pollutants in (the) majority of
(the) air sampling stations ameliorates concern of immediate danger from
blown particulates. Dacthal, in small amounts (was) found only from air
stat ions along (the) Garri ott fence 1 i ne. Note (that the) samples
(were) taken while much dust (was being) blown into the air by propwash
during aircraft engine testing."
Due to these fi ndi ngs, and the fact that none of the operations to be
conducted duri ng thi s fi rst phase of i nvesti gat i on wi 11 generate dust,
no additional air monitoring is scheduled at this time.
-22-
emcon Associates
5.0 ANALYTICAL PROGRAM
5.1 ANALYTICAL PARAMETERS
The S-foot soil samples obtained from the borings drilled adjacent to
the impoundment will be analyzed for the following parameters:
· Organochlorine Pesticides
· Organophosphorus Pesticides
· Carbamate Pesticides
· Chlorinated Herbicides (including chlorophenoxy herbi-
cides)
· Volatile Organics
· Semi-Volatile Organics
The phenoxy herbicides (chlorophenoxy herbicides) are considered a
subset of the chlorinated herbicides, i.e., no separate analysis is
requi red. These parameters refl ect a wi de range of chemi ca 1 s, some of
whi ch are known to have been used at the faci 1 ity and others that are
only suspected as being used. Due to the substantial list of potential
chemicals and the associated analytical costs, only those parameters
whi ch are deemed as bei ng present in the fi rst set of samp I es wi 11 be
analyzed for in the subsequent samples.
The samples will be submitted to B.C. Laboratories in Bakersfield to
ensure immediate transfer and proper preservation. A copy of the labo-
ratories' QA/QC Plan is presented in Appendix E.
5.2 ANALYTICAL METHODS
Table 2 lists the analytical methods that will be used for the various
parameters, and the applicable reference documents.
-23-
emcon Associates
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Table 2
ANAYTICAL PARAMETERS
AND t~ETHODS
Soil Analysis Water Analysis
Parameter Method No. Reference Method No. Reference
Organochlorine 8080.0 1 608.0 2
pesticides
Organophosphorus 8140.0 1 614.0t 2
pesticides 622.0
Chlorinated herbicides
(includes chlorophenoxy 8150.0 1 615.0 2
herbicides)
Carbamate and urea 8320.0 1 632.0 2
pesticides
Volatile organics 8240.0 1 624.0 2
Semi-volatile organics 8270.0 1 625.0 2
REFERENCES
1. SW-846t Test Methods for Evaluating Solid Wastet July 1982.
2. EPA 600/4-79-020t Methods for Chemical Analysis of Water and Wastest
March 1979.
-24-
5.3
ANALYTICAL RESULTS AND REPORT OF FINDINGS
Once the analytical results from the initial samples have been reviewed,
a decision will be made as to whether or not additional soi1 samples
(from the impoundment area) shOuld be submitted for analysis. In
addition, these analytical results will establish the minimum analytical
parameters for the shallow soil sampling µrogram.
Copies of the analytical results, along with a summary of findinys and
recommendations fQr further action (if needed) will be submitted to the
Department of Health Services and the Regional Water Qual ity Control
Board within two weeks of receipt of the analtyica1 results.
A final report will also be developed by EMCON once the Remedial
Investigation has been completed. This report will summarize regional
and site-specific hydrogeologic information, document field and analyti-
cal procedures, present an evaluation of all findings and propose addi-
ti ona 1 steps, if necessary.
-25-
emcon Associates
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APPENDIX A
Chemical Inventory
Garriott Crop Dusting
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APPENDIX B
DOHS Analytical Data
e
Department of Healt" ServIces
HML No ß 12 S 2-
To
,13 )"lS"7
FIELD SECTION'
,Collector 13vuæ 131ttr~ fCe # ~VYl-' K 11te Date Sample" ~UWl. 25 I /qfj6 Time Hours
I J¡ I\R. 7...b I ~ f!. (.,
, Activity: erE"nforcemen,! 0 ASP 0 H.W.l'1-opertY 0 Super 0 ,Other I 0 RCRA TP Code I I III I-Ð
Region: 0 SCERS-SAë 0 NCS-SAC ~CS-FRESNO 0 SCS-LA 0 NCCS-BERK
LOCATION OF SAMPUÑ'G: CAKCC01 LlC¡07D EPA 10 NO. Ic IA 1)(10101" 1/141~ 10 7101
t!::;. nì oft C '(0 P -Va s-revs
zor 0 U~ìo~ I~, "
5 treet
Tel.,~
l?aulfs-flelj ,Ô1,
City
Nam"
Number
'Ý53L
Zip
Address
HM L No. Collector's Type Of
(Lab Only) Sample No. Sample· FIELD INFORMATION.
ß ~ 'J. 'S 'l.. -S, A , B , '2h1 ~ ~ I ; I (ö Y'r' oos í te. ò\I\ s E (.0 Y'(I.a.( ~:·.1 0" >
fJ; ;"~--:3 'h~;· (~ 1-70 ~i I 2NV~!tJ cow'Fì.~-e uV\¿l0r- p'w.u¿,t .f)?·y't¿ C, ~~::=
(J.,17.SL. -gr~I'ß,J..11 ~íl <)lÁr.(d(£ {OWlC05t+e. Vñl~Y (o-ft~mllcfs ê~~:::'
~ JJ. S ~ í~ r A I ~ 112- \ ;Cf\u.Ã £. l ~41Ü [\ +"l:\v\ I')·ü'f-{a Le.ì V'y\ CúuvJ.\~\a& CLé:-:t!,.¡
.,., ¡~ \\ IA ~'l'1. _1,111 III r'_ , [ . ( ~ I .r -L- PA1lAíHfo~
112:2. )~ ~(-\IV' J.. -; ~l(Cl'1€.. SUlt~¡.( '\111\\1\ Slt(1~u. l,^"i))U~\l\'''..'H\À -r:;,A2tl'leJ/'1
~l') ')..., 15, t\ / Df'I.íL/ ¿oí l' ~(H~a(!p (CWI ~;të ::!- 5"C/é""as1 c;f 5U\.{a(ji ;\~~I~fl~
Analysis Requested: O'(aa\\D - c£\û)d\c'(\.,\$ 'jk)·h'c\'J.es I (~\\.OV"ì~\cáe) huAúxO'à:oY\ lX<':,l;c¡¿\QS,
¡ ,- t (1\ ortl \ j> L' J l
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Chain of C~stodY: í)
1 Uk;\,(,' f c. 1/'Ì.i\\d2-
LI¡P I SI9~,~ture 1/ . ,,' .
, ,~.) 1:,'[1.' ~ f C(f J,.,
2 1" I {", '''' /1· I :
(-, 't""\ SI!in.1tUfe ¡ L/
3. ~ ~...~~ ,--U' ~ Ijj(.f....tvv-J
Signature
TItle
~ UV\Q. 'Z (p /Iq 80 -
,/ ' I~ J"-CIUS;;' Dates I / .
, /? I·, I ~ // (ì 7 V I
c;/~ .'t'_" J,:, \)" C ~
I J I ncluslve Dates I
& .) ì ~~, -
I I
L0 MS,Jr
Title
I Title
" ~ Y?;' I'~ ~ ~ ï
Inclusi'.e Dates
4.
SIgnature
Title
Inclusi'fll Dates
5
SIgnature
Title
Inclusi'fll Dates
Special Remarks
(e.g., duplicate sample given to company, etc.)
PART II: LABORATORY SECTION
~( \, \~':}µ,C
Received By "--- Title --
Sample Allocation: 0 HML 0 SCBL 0 LBL 0 Other
O\) r n \\\ "\", - -- '\:-' r,
Analysis Reqüired '<. --0 ~ ~'-'''--Z ,,-C ~(:)
'---'. \" C,'~, ~_
~ ('"', - - -\, , ' -
\ _~'" '<_.r---C _,"'--L ~_.--C:-J '
'-, \
-.i_
(
Date
Date
~--~ -, -- '~: (
r, C t-~, -,-
'-S,,-, -~'~--.a....._\......~
, '
"Indicate whether sample is s'ludge, soil, etc.
Oria,-Lab,
DUD.-File
Trio.-lnsDector
Ha¡.-aus t-1atcrialS LalJOratory
',. LAßorJ\1'Op.y. REPORT
CarlJûmates "
Collector's NcJme ß'Y"u.'t.J- ß""r~,-~,{ ~ I-rv'r;"Jl-'
_ Sampling Locûtion C c\;' ý r ~ ð rt, C Y to ¡J D '-' > t.vy~
)..o(CI li",;,,~1., A-r./~
~*,'J
Date Received
by Laboratory
;1 ) z.-..s 7
'/}, ì(Pb
,
Collector I s Sample # (),4. 13 l. (/j to
ßÆ-¡J 2-)¥-
Analytical Procedure:
Solid samples are extracted with CH3CN and aqueous samples
extrac'ted with dichloromcthane. Carbamates are determined
by HPLC using fluorescence detector.
/fiiÞ
7/
~ ft1,
HML # 011. ç 1.. 13lLS":> 01.15' ~ ß1l-S"S tJ H 5~ (~ 1 ¡ S" 7 )etection
n./·t 111. ~ 'ì ~J~ 1\ 1. ) b 13/} ß ¡, 7 I t3A- iJ ). ) 1- (3A- i?, ), 7 ~ fj,q. IJ ), ì If- Limit/
Collector's Sample .. Units
TT
Methor:\vl (Lûnnate) ,- - - 3,~ - / \ 3> 0.).
Dioxac~rb - - - - - -
0.1..
- - - ....
Aldicarb - - 0.1-
Aminoc<1rb " - - - - - -
0- 2.-
(Prcpoxur) - - - - - -
Baygon <.>. 1
Carbofuran O. \ I o -ù 1 I \ 2.- Ù·S\t. ~- :1 >,r- 0-0 S
Dendiocarb - - - - - - O,~
Carbaryl (Sevin) - O. IS' ù'1. {, v.¡1 <f.~ O. ~ 2. () .
Methiocarb (Mesurol) - - - - - C " 1
-
p;(o!1'.cc<.:rb - - - - - O. L
-
Suffcncarb - - D.ì .:> (\ V - ù· ¿...
-
"
,
.
.
Note: (-) = Not detected
(blank) = Not determined
~ J...,t.a-...k.,J.;¡....-t ;) 5 ,r",\'<\Q.s ~~ðL.1-r'.
Analyst's Signature
:G~,> cQM.. ð
Signature of Supervising Ch0.mizt
ì /2-2 /it W. "'-, a.-.( S' () µ J"-"" -I.
(Date)
Îá;j~c--
~ . .. -
·
e
Califomia Departmeu: of Health Serv1c88 HKL , B2252
Hazardous Materials t,aboratorý- c"c, I. J
\ - ~ I..Á, B2~51
,LABORATORY lŒPORt
Chlorinated Peeticide8
to
'-
~ollec:tor'.' Name B. Butterfield & J. Prine
--amp ling Location Gar: 101:1: Cro" Dusters'
))ate Raceivecl
by Laboratory 6/21/B~
Collector's Sample I BAB 269
BAS 274
to
2010 Union Ave., Bakersfiel~. Ca 93307
nalyt1cal Procedure Extraction with organic solvents;
with electron cSÐture detection.
to AOAC 1 th Ed. 29.013
units: ugfg ug/ml
r B2252 *** lDet8c1
!L (J 82253 82254 B2255 822.56 'B2257 iF
Collector' " 5amole {/ BAB269 BAB2~O BAB271 BAB272 BA8273 BAB274 ug/g
Üta-BHC -- --, -- -- -- -- 0.2
·BRC -- -- ..... -- -- -- n .,
b-BHC -- -- ..- -- -- -- n ':I
- indane TA --fJUI'.) -- -- ..- -- -- -- n ,
em " -- ..- 0.34" -- -- o '6 n 1
Heocachlor -- -- -- -- -- -- n ?
A.ldrin -- -- -- ... -- -- n c:;
(eotachlor e'Ooxide -- -- -- -- -- -- n .,
lå-Chlordane 3.:J 0.70* ** 'IHt -- 5 3 n 1
Ot) DDE -- -- -- -- -- -- /'\ .,
:hiodan I I -- -- ...- -- -- -- n .,
(-Chlordane ~. 9 0.93 ..- -- -- S .7 a 1
1'0'0 I DDE 1.2 -- 47 -- 4.9* 12 " I.
Dieldrin -- -- -- ..- -- -- n ?
ot' DDD 0'.46 -- -- -- -- 1 5 n ,
IEndrin 0.46 -- 0.89* -- -- 2. 4 n .,
tp erthane -- : -- -- -- -- -- 1 n
Thiodsn II -- -- -- -- -- -- n .,
,pn I DDD 0.24 -- -- -- -- ~. 2. n .,
0'0 DD'! -- -- -- -- -- -- n .,
pp4 DDT -- -- 0.57· -- 1.0· '2 n '1
1e thoJ('Vc:hlor -- -- -- -- ..- -- n A.
edion -- -- -- -- *. 2, ß n ?
£.rex -- -- -- -- -- -- n 1
'"oxaÐhene
Note: (-) -Not detected
(blank) · Not determined
.*. Note: Detection limits for 82255 are 100
in ug/mL.
** Note: Interferences.
Signature of Sup6~sing ChRmi.c
, ~, 1rl,r,.J~ Ji 0 t.~.~
(Date)
times lowe.r and
Analyst's Signature
~~~\~fJ-l
r&7!n.
( fe)
* Notal Caution 1 Single channel result only. pOsitive
interference in the other channel was high.
Overall interference level~ ~ere h19hin all samples except for B2~S5.
IZARDOUS MATERIALS !.ABO~TORY
LASORA TO~ REPORT A ...l' 11·
, .. ..,...~-n ~
. Organophosphorus Pesticides _ '
HML t ,B2252
B2257
to
.
Jollector's Name Bruce Butterfield & Jerry prine Dats Collected 6/25,26/86
...
~ampling LOcation Garriott Crop Dusters Collector's Sample t BAS 269 to
2010 union Ave., Bakersfie,ld, Ca 9~07 BAS 274
nalytical Procedure: sample [s)were extracted "with organic solvents. constituents were
· dete~mined by gas chromatography with nitrogen-pho.~horus'and flame
photometric detectors.
__.~eference: HML methods'
solid: uc¡/g
liquid: ' uC]/ml
.
*** .,~ *.* Detection·
('1.!L . B2252 B2253 8225-4 82255 B2256 82257
BAB269 BAB271 Limit
Collector's Samole t BAB270 SAB272 BAB273 BAB274 '
lichlorvos (DDW) -- -- -- -- -- -- 1 ug/g
1~aled (D1brom) - -- ' -- -- ..- .' .- ,-- '-- 10
'!evinphos (Phosdrin) -- -- -- -- . -- -- :2
- ,
julfotepp (Bladafume) . -- -- -- -- -- -- 1
:
. 1
't'himet: (Phorate) -.. -- . -- -- -- -- .
, ,
Jioxa thion (Delnav) -- ...- -- -- -~ ' -- 2
I
'bi,ulncn -- -- 9.3 -- . 34,0 .... -- ,1 ,
. -~
Jisyston (Disulfoton) -- -- -- -- -- --
Parathion -- -- ' , -- " ,-.. , I -- ' -- . 1- .
metl'lyl .
'.cnne! -.. -- -- ",-- -- '," .- 1 ,
. .- '. :
. I .' , .
Malathion -- ..- -- -- -- .... 1
/. I .. 1
~aytex íFenthion) -- -- *. -- ** ,-- 1
Chlorpyrifcs (Lorsban) 6. 1 -- ..- '.- . 200 7.0 I 1
?arathion ethyl -- -- I 13 *. -- 2800 .. ' -- 1
-
.~ethidathion -- -- ..- -- -- -- 2
DE:' . -- 4700 120 -- 480 73 1
:'thion -- -- -- -- -- -- 1
-
Sulprofcs (Solstar) . -- -- -- -- -- -- 1
Trithion -- -- -- -- -- -- 1
.
Fensulfothicn (DaBan! t)
11* Note: Bayte Ie and Eth 1 ?arat.~ on are cc eluters they do not eepar bte. The
. . value6 r~p~rted ~. but ( ou1:d be E ithQr, even both. l
are as Parath on, or -.,
:
....
Not&::
Detection limits for B2255 are 5 times lower and
in units of ug/mL. .
Detection limi~. for B22S3 , B2256 are 10 times
higher.
signature of Supervising Chemist
Note:
(-) = Not detected
(blank) - Not dstermined
· Note:
Analyst's Signature
~
)1... ~
~)~bJ~
~".;a.--I5..,O~~
,
t/"Jx,
(Da te)
,""... --,
e
e
APPENDIX C
EMCON Associates
Quality Assurance/Quality Control
Program
e e
QUALITY ASSURANCE/QUALITY CONTROL
The results of chemical analyses must have a high level of reliability
because they form the basis for most evaluations and conclusions in the
investigatory work. The objectives of the Quality Assurance/Quality
Control (QA/QC) Program are to:
· Ensure the soundness of the si te investigation resul ts and
subsequent reports
· Produce data of evidential quality
· Ensure that the results of measurements are representative
of the media and conditions measures
· Calculate and report data in units consistent with standard
practices
· Ensure that remedial designs and assessments are properly
prepared and reviewed
· Review the data generated in previous studies for consis-
tency with quality standards
· Ensure accurate records of sample collection tasks and
chain-of-custody
· Control the efforts of subcontractors to maintain qual i ty
s ta nda rds
· Maintain instrument calibration maintenance records
· Produce reports as specified in the work plan consistent
with,above QA objectives and the objectives of the study
The purpose of EMCON1s QA/QC Program is to establish and maintain prac-
tices for sampling, sample preservation and shipping, and laboratory
analyses to ensure scientific reliability and compatibility.
The following procedures are used during sampling and analytical activi-
ties to provide quality control and assurance during transfer of samples
from collection through delivery to the laboratories. EMCON employs the
e e
following recordkeeping activities to achieve quality control and qual-
i ty assurance:
· Contact made by sampling organization with facility super-
visor and laboratory prior to sampling to alert them of
dates of sampling and sample delivery
· Field log book for documenting sampling activities in the
fi e 1 d
· Field meter log book for documenting calibration procedures
performed on field meters
· Labels for identifying individual samples
· Field and trip blanks to detect contamination introduced
externally ..,
· Duplicate samples as a check of the analytical process
· Cha i n-of-cus tody record for documenti ng trans fer and
possession of samples
· Laboratory analysis request sheet for documenting analyses
to be perfo rmed
FIELD LOG BOOK
In the field, the sampler records the following information for each
sample collected:
· Facility name and project number
· Name of sample(s)
· Purpose and type of sample
· Source (sample identification/location)
· Time and date
· ~ampling method (apparatus and technique employed)
· Preservatives used
· Container type and volume
e
e
· Appearance of each sample
· Field observations and sampling condition
· Analysis performed in the field (Le., pH, temperature,
specific conductance)
· 1.0. number(s) of meters employed in the field
· Samp 1 e storage i nforma ti on
· Information on field blanks preparation
FIELD METER LOG BOOKS
Prior to their use in the field, all field meters are calibrated to
ensure proper working order. Documentation of these calibrations is an
integral part of ensuring the integrity of measured values. Field meter
log books document the following information:
· Name and model of meter
· Identification number of meter
· Calibrations performed on that meter
Calibration procedures follow methods outlined in Standard Methods. The
calibration of each field instrument is checked every four hours.
LABEll NG
Each sample is labeled immediately after the sample is taken. Label
information includes the following:
· Sample identification number
· Sample location
· Name of sampler(s)
· Project name and number
· Date and time of collection
e
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CHAIN-Of-CUSTODY RECORD
Chain-of-custody record(s), initiated at the time of sampling, contains
the following information:
· Sample identification number
· Date and time of sampling
· Preservative used
· Type of container
· Name of sampler(s)
The record sheet is signed, timed, and dated by the sampler when trans-
ferring the possession of the samples. Figure IV-l is an example of a
cha i n-of-custody record. Cus tody trans fers are recorded fa r each sam-
ple; for example, if samples are split and sent to multiple labora-
tories, a record sheet accompanies each sample. To prevent undue pro-
1i feration of custody records, the number of custodians in the chain of
possession are kept to a minimum.
QA/QC OVER SAMPLING PERSONNEL AND PROCEDURES
The objectives of qual i ty assurance are to produce data that meets user
requirements in terms of completeness, precision, accuracy, representa-
tiveness, and comparabil i ty. Control checks are perfonned by the EtKoN
project manager and/or field team leader during actual sample collec-
tion. These checks are used to determine the performance of the sample
collection program. In general, the most common errors produced in
monitoring are usually caused by improper sampling, poor preservation,
or lack of adequate mixing during compositing and testing.
~Emc ~~Rin~O~ds~~u~ates
San Jose, California 95131
F1 e 1 d Record
Sample Type
Container Type
Saß1)le 10
~
Date
Released to Courier by Field Personnel
Received by Courier
CHAlN Ot cu~rom HlCûHO
[MCON Laboratory Record
Lab No.
Reeei ved By
Date
Condi tion
Released to lab by Courier
Recei ved by lab
Project No.
Contract Laboratory Record
Laboratory Name
Received By
Date
Candi.
~
Released to Lab by Courier
Reeei ved by Lab
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FIELD TRIP BLANKS
Field and trip blanks are routinely used during sampling programs to
detect contami na tion introduced through sampl i ng procedures, externa 1
field conditions, transit of samples, container preparation, sample
storage, or the analytical process.
Trip blanks are prepared at the same time and location as the containers
for a particular sampling event. Trip blanks accompany these containers
to and from that event, but are at no time opened or exposed.
Fi e 1 d blanks, on the other hand, are prepared and exposed in the fi e 1 d
during sampling, then analyzed to determine the influence of external
field conditions on sample integrity. The time, date, location, and
procedure used to prepare a field blank is documented in the field log
book.
DUPLICATE SAMPLES
Duplicate samples are routinely collected and used for comparison to
assess the laboratory process. For each sampling event, a duplicate
sample is collected at a given sample point using standard sampling
procedures. This duplicate is then packed and shipped to the laboratory
for analysis with the samples from that particular event. Extensive
documentation of field procedures, measurements, and conditions is
required for each duplicate sample in order to ensure accuracy of
results.
Split Samples
Aliquots of the collected sample may be given to other parties for
analysis in their own laboratories, if requested, as a check on labora-
tory procedures. Differences between the laboratories' results can then
be evaluated and the cause of the difference usually identified.
Spiked Samples 4IÞ
e
Known amounts of a particular constituent can be added to an actual
sample or blanks of deionized water at concentrations where the accuracy
of the test method is satisfactory. The amount added should be coor-
dinated with the laboratory. This method will provide a proficiency
check for accuracy of the fi el d sampl i ng procedures. However, if a GC
mass spectrometer is available this procedure is not necessary.
DECONTAMINATION
Field equipment is selected with ease of decontamination and disposabil-
ity in mind. As an example, stainless steel implements are generally
easier to clean than wooden ones. Following the use of field sampling
equipment '(and before its reuse) and the fi1ling"of sample containers,
decontamination is undertaken.
Decontamination commences by attempting to wipe as much obvious contami-
nation as possible off the piece of equipment or containers with paper
towels. The items are then washed in a decon solution containing deter-
gent and water followed by a distilled water rinse. Soft bristle scrub
brushes are used to wash the items. Final cleaning involves steam
cleaning. Internal pump parts are cleaned by pumping steam-heated water
through pumps and discharge lines. Large galvanized wash tubs or plas-
tic buckets are used to hold the wash water and rinse. Large plastic
garbage cans lined with plastic bags are used to store contaminated
equipment prior to disposal. If the equipment is to be reused, it is
protected from accidental recontamination by storing in clean plastic
bags.
All materials and equipment used for decontamination are disposed of
properly. Clothing, tools, buckets, brushes, other contaminated equip-
ment, and spent decon solutions are secured in drums or other containers
and labeled for proper disposal.
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LABORATORY ANALYSIS REQUEST SHEET
An analysis request sheet accompanies the samples delivered to the,
laboratory. Examples of analysis request sheets are shown in
Figures IV-2 and IV-3. The requests serve as official communication to
the laboratory of the particular analysis(es) required for each sample
and provide evidence that the chain-of-custody is complete.
PHOTO DOCUMENTATION
Photographs of sample point locations typically are taken and documented
for future reference. Permission from client and site supervisor is
sought before any photographs are taken.
PACKAGING AND SHIPMENT OF SAMPLES
Upon sampling, all samples are immediately placed in an ice chest and
maintained at 4°C with ice or gel packs. Samples remain in chilled
condition until delivered to the laboratory. Also, at the time of
sampling, each sample is logged on a chain-of-custody form which accom-
panies the sample to the laboratory. At the laboratory, laboratory
numbers are assigned, and the condition of the samples documented by the
1 abora tory manager.
, SilS ANAL YS¡S RE~E5T
$ PROJECT NAME PROJECT NO.
DATE OF REOUEST REOUESTED BY
IrrKOn SPECIAL INSTRUCTIONS
....oc..,..
BORING NO. SAMPLE
OR SOURCE DEPTH ANALYSES REaUE~D
.
"
.
NOTE : IF CHAIN OF CUSiODIES HAVE NOT ALREADY· BEEN SUBMITTED. IT IS IMPORTANT
TO INCLUCE THEM WITH THIS FORM.
.----'
GR<¡JND WATER SAMPLl~ AND
ANAL YSIS REQUES
e PROJECT NAME PROJECT NO.
DATE SUBMITTED PM / GEOLOG 1ST
I:mcon SPECIAL INSTRUCTIONS / CONSIDERATIONS (well access, time frame)
ASSQCIAr~S
WELL LOCK
NUMBER
I I
0 CHECK BOX TO AUTHORIZE DATA ENTRY
WELL NO. CAS I NG CASING DEPTH
OR SOURCE DIA METER LENGTH TO WA'ŒR ANALYSES REQUESTED
NOTE: IT IS VERY IMPORTANT TO INCLUDE A COPY OF PROJECT PROPOSAL
AND A WELL LOCATION MAP OR SKETCH WITH THIS REQUEST.
Plate A-3
e
APPENDIX D
B.C. Laboratories
QA/QC Program
e
/
r-
.
.'
e
B C LABORATORIES, INC.
e
Laboratory Quality Control ~ianual,
~
Laboratory Safety Manual
and
Related Information
e
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TABLE OF CONTENTS
I. Brochure
II. Records page 1
III. Sampling Procedures and Preservation pages 2-9
IV. Quality Control - Laboratory Services pages 10-20
V. Laboratory Safety Manual pages 21-31
VI. Instrument List page 32
VII. Quality Assurance Record Examples pages 33-43
'......
II . RECORDS
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Log books are used in the office where the samples are submitted. The
sample is identified including location of sampling, time of sampling,
and any other information that is necessary. All preliminary worksheets
are kept in files according to laboratory numbers.
When water samples are brought in for analysis they are set up in groups
of thirty to forty samples. When all the tests are completed, all
graphs, curves, and other calculations are put into folders. On the
outside of the folder is written the date (month 6 year), the range of
water numbers, and the range of corresponding laboratory numbers. If any
miscellaneous items are analyzed from samples not included in the original
group, they are also listed on the outside of the folder.
A cation-anion balance is made on all routine samples and all necessary
figures are listed in order at the beginning of the folder. Also shown
is a control chart for cation-anion balance. Folders are kept on file
in chronological order and kept for three years.
Records of media preparation, pH, and temperature readings are all kept
in small black chemistry lab books. When the media is made up, it is
listed in the notebook along with ,the datei:t was made up, the lot number
and the pH. Incubator temperatures are recorded on a daily basis.
Autoclave temperature is noted weekly. Water bath temperatures are
recorded when bath is in use. Records are also being kept on all completed
tests.
In regard to inventory, we only keep track of what we have rather than how
much. Since all the departments in the laboratory have access to the
chemicals, it is impossible to control the inventory on all the chemicals
that the water department utilizes. The easiest way for us to control our
inventory is for everyone working in the lab to pay attention when chemical
supplies are low and order what they need when necessary.
--
¡;:r:,
\ .~:
.
J
.
r
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¥
III. SAMPLING PROCEDURES
When possible, we try to advise clients on sampling and sample preservation
before the samples are brought into the lab for analysis. The clients are
instructed to take a sample that is representative of existing conditions,
avoiding any contamination or deterioration of the sample. We advise them
to rinse out untreated sample bottles two or three times with the water being
collected before they take the actual sample and make sure the bottles are
full. Samples should be brought into the lab directly after sampling with
all necessary information, i.e. client's name or company, description
or location of sample, date sample was taken, and time sample was taken,
etc.
Since we analyze samples from many different types of water systems, we
can recommend specific sampling procedures for those systems. For example
if samples are collected from distribution systems, the lines should be
flushed sufficiently to ensure a representative sample of the supply,
taking into account the size of the pipe and the flow rate of water.
Well samples should be taken the same way allowing for sufficient pumping of
the source. Potable water samples are taken in one untreated pint bottle,
one pint bottle treated with nitric acid to drop the pH down to 2.0
(approximately 1.5 ml concentrated HN03 per liter of water) and one two-ounce
bottle treated with, two drops of concentrated sulfuric acid for nitrates.
Sampling from rivers or streams can be done depending on local conditions
and the purpose of the analysis. With the proper equipment, samples can
be taken from top to bottom in the middle of the stream so as to make
the sample composite according to the flow. If grab samples are collected,
it is best to take it in the middle of the stream and at mid-depth.
Upon request the laboratory supplies sample bottles with and without
preservatives. Sample containers are either polyproplyene (pints or quarts)
or glass bottles. Bacteriological sample containers are sterilized four-
ounce polypropylene bottles containing 0.1 ml 10\ sodium thiosulfate.
All treated bottles are in accordance with either Standard Methods for the
Examination of Water & Wastewater or Methods 'for Chemical Analysis of Water
and Wastes. Refrigerators are available to preserve samples when required.
~
~,
,
PETROLEUM
LABqBt\.~RIES .INC.
~t6 UNION AVE. IAICEISFIELD. CAUfOINIA 93305 PHONE 325.7475
CHEMicAL ANÅL YSIS
,.
BACTERIOLOGICAL WATER ANALYSIS
(Directions for collecting ond sending water samples)
1. Bottles sent out from the Laboratory are always sterilized and require no further
treatment.
2. To collect a sample, remove stopper with aluminum foil attached so that hands
do not come in contact with stopper or mouth of bottle.
3. When collecting water from a pump or faucet, allow it to run until fresh and
cool water is available. Flaming the tap is seldom necessary, but experience
may indicate its advisability. If sample must be collected from new piping,
hose lines, strainers or filters, note thi~ fact on the blank. When collecting
from a lake or stream, remove the stopper and hold it by the foil cover.
Collect sample with a forward sweep of arm with mouth of bottle pointed
forward or upstream and submerged about one foot.
4. Never fill the bottle completely; always leave a small air space. Insert the
stopper immediately. Do not seal with wax or other material, but be sure not
to spill any of the sample on transporting it.
5. Semple should be kept cool and preferably ice-pocked until submitted to the
laboratory .
6. Water sample should be collected and moiled or brought in at once, so as to
reach the laboratory os soon os pos.sible.
7. Fill out the information blank as completely as possible, and send or bring it in
with the sample to this laboratory. As. soon as the anolysis is completed, a
report of the results will be moiled. This laboratory is licensed by the Stote
Health Deportment to perform these analyses; however, tne County Health
Deportment will require a copy of the Bacteriological Report prior to issuing
a~rtifiCQte for a new well for public use.
....
Licensed by the Stote
for Chemical and Bacteriological Analyses of Water and Fish BioAssay
·
'.
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SAMPLE PRESERVATION
Complete and unequivocal preservation of samples. either domestic sewage, industrial wastcs. or
natural waters. is a practical impossibility. Regardless of the nature of the sample, complete stability
for every constituent can never be achieved. At best. preservation techniques can only retard the
chemical and biological changes that inevitably continue åfter the sample is removed from the parent
source. The changes that take place in a sample are either chemical or biological. In the former case.
certain changes occur in the chemical structure of the constituents that are a function of physical
conditions. Metal cations may precipitate as hydroxides or form complexes with other constituents;
cations or anions may change valence states under certain reducing or oxidizing conditions; other
constituents may dissolve or volatilize with the passage of time. Metal cations may also adsorb onto
surfaces (glass. plastic, quartz, etc.), such as. iron and lead. Biological changes taking place in a
sample may change the valence of an element or a radical to a different valence. Soluble constituents
may be converted to organically bound materials in cell structures, or cell lysis may result in release
of cellular material into solution. The well known nitrogen and phosphorus cycles are examples of
biological influence on sample composition. Therefore, as a general rule, it is best to analyze the
samples as soon as possible after collection. This is especially true when the anaIyte concentration is
expected to be in the low ug/l range.
Methods of preservation are relatively limited and are intended generally to (1) retard biologIcal
action. (2) retard hydrolysis of cbemical compounds and complexes. (3) reduce volatility of
constituents. and (4) reduce absorption effects. Preservation methods are generally limited to pH
control. chemical addition, refrigeration. and freezing.
Tbe recommended preservative for various constituents is given in Table 1. These choices are based
on the accompanying references and on information supplied by various Quality Assurance
Coordinators. As more data become available. these recommended holding times will be adjusted to
reflect new information. Other information provided in the table is an estimation of the volume of
sample required for the analysis. the suggested type of container. and the maXimum recommended
holding times for samples properly preserved.
'~
,.:.
x\'
5
"
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(
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TABLE 1
RECOMMENDATION FOR SAMPLING AND PRESERVATION
OF SAMPLES ACCORDING TO MEASUREMENT )
Measurement
Vol.
Req.
(m!)
Container2 Preserva tive 3."
Holding
Times
100 PhysicaJ properties
Color SO P,G Cool, 4·C 48 Hrs.
Conductance 100 P,G Cool, 4·C 28 Days
Hardness 100 P,G HNO) to pH<2 6 Mos.
Odor 200 G only Cool, 4·C 24 Hrs.
pH 2S P,G Non~ R~. Analyze (
Immediately
Residue
Fütc:rab1e 100 P,G Cool, 4·C 7 Days
Non-
Filterable 100 P,G Cool, 4·C 7 Days
T ota! 100 P,G Cool, 4·C 7 Days
Volatile 100 P,G Cool, 4·C 7 Days
Settleable Matter 1 (XX) p.G Cool, 4°C 48 Hrs.
Temperature 1 (XX) P,G Nooe Req. Analyze
Imm~iatd)'
Turbidity 100 P,G Cool. .·C 48 Hrs.
200 Met&Is
-~
Dissolved ~ P,G rUt.er on IÎte 6 Mos.
HNO) to pH<2
Suspended 200 F'Ùt.e:r on IÍte 6 Mos.1aI
Total 100 P,G HNO) to pH<2 6 Mos.
C'
. ,
XVI
· .
e TABLE 1 (CO NT) e
.. Vol.
Req. Holding
Measurement ~ Container2 P reser\'a t i "r 3." Time5
Chromium" 200 P,G Cool, 4°C 24 Hrs.
Mercury
Dissolved 100 P.G Fiher 28 Days
HNOJ to pH<2
Total 100 p.G HNOJ to pH<2 28 Days
300 Inorganics, Non-Metallics
Acidity 100 P,G CooI,4°C H Days
Alkalinity 100 p.G Cool, 4'C 14 Days
Bromide 100 P,G None Req. 28 Days
Chloride 50 P,G None Req. 28 Days
Chlorine 200 P,G None Req. Analyze
Immediately
Cyanides 500 P,G Cool, 4'C 14 Days"
NaOH to pH >12
O.6g ascorbic acid'
Auoride 300 P,G None Rcq. 28 Days
Iodide 100 P,G Cool, 4'C 24 Hrs.
Nitrogen
Ammonia .00 P,G CooI,4'C 28 Days
H1SO. to pH < 2
Kjc.ldah1, Total SOO P,G Cool, 4'C 28 Days
H1SO. to pH<2
Nitrate plus Nitrite 100 P,G Cool. 4'C 28 Days
H1SO. to pH <2
Nitrate' 100 P,G Cool. 4'C 48 Hrs.
~
Nitrite SO P,O Cool. 4-c 4ß HrL
-.
......
'Xvii
,
. .
e TABLE 1 (CONTI e r"
. Vol.
Req. Holding
Measurement ~ Con tainer2 P . 3" Time!
reservauve '
Dissolved Oxygen
Probe 300 G boule and top None Re<¡. Analyze
Immt'dialt'l)'
Winkler 300 c; boule and top Fix on sitt' 8 Hours
and SlOTt'
Phosphorus in dark
Ortho-
phosphate, SO P,G Filter on site <48 HTS.
Dissolved Cool, .·C
Hydrolyzable SO P,G Cool, .·C 28 Days
H2S04 to pH < 2
Total SO P,G Cool, .·C 28 Days
H2SO4 to pH < 2
Total. SO P,G Fùter on site 24 Hrs.
Dissolved Cool, .·C
H2S04 to pH<2
Silica SO P only Cool, .·C 28 Days (
Sulfate SO P,G Cool. .·C 28 Days
Sulfide SOO P,G Cool, <4°e 7 Days
add 2 ml zinc
acetate plus NaOH
to pH >9
Sulfite SO P,G None Re<¡. Analyze
Immediately
<400 Organics
BOD 1 (XX) P.G Cool, 4·C 48 Hrs.
COD SO P,G Cool, -foe 28 Days
H2SO4 to pH <2
Oil a: Grease 1 (XX) G only Cool, .·C 28 Days
H2SO4 to pH<2
Orpnic CIrboo 2S P,G Cool. .·C 28 Days
H~4 or HO to pH<2
-Phenolics SOO G only Cool, 40C 28 Days
H~04 to pH <2
(,
XVlll
;
e TABLE 1 (CONY) e
, Vol.
Req. Holding
Measurement (ml) Container2 Preservative:!'" Times
-
MBAS 250 P,G Cool, 4·C 48 Hrs.
NTA 50 P,G Cool, 4·C 24 Hrs.
1. More specific instructions for preservation and sampling are found with each procedure as
detailed in this manual. A general discussion on sampling water and industrial wastewater may
be found in ASTM, Part 31, p. 72-82 (1976) Method D-3370.
2. Plastic (P) or Glass (G). For metals, polyethylene with a polypropylene cap (no liner) is
preferred.
S. Sample preservation should be performed immediately upon sample collection. For
composite samples each aliquot should be preserved at the time of collection. When use of
an automated sampler makes it impossible to preserve each aliquot, then samples may be
preserved by maintaining at 4°C until compositing and sample spJiuing is completed.
4. When any sample is to be shipped by common carrier or sent through the United States
Mails, it must comply with the Department of Transportation Hazardous Materials
Regulations (49 CFR Part 172). The person offering such material for transportation is
responsible for ensuring such compliance. For the preservation requirements of Table I,
the Office of Hazardous Materials, Materials Transportation Bureau, Department of
Transportation has determined that the Hazardous Materials Regulations do norapply to
the following materials: Hydrochloric acid (HCI) in water solutions at concentrations of
0.04% by weight or less (pH about 1.96 or greater); Nitricacid(HNO~) in water solutions at
concentrations of 0.15% by weight or less (pH about 1.62 or greater); Sulfuric acid (H~O.)
in water solutions at concentrations of 0.~5% by weight or less (pH about 1.15 or greater);
Sodium hydroxide (NaOH) in water solutions at concentrations of 0.080% by weight or
less (pH about 12.30 or less).
5. Samples should be analyzed as soon as possible after collection. The times listed are the
maximum times that samples may be held before analysis and stilI considered valid.
Samples may be held for longer periods only if the permittee, or monitoring laboratory,
has data on file to show that the specific types o( sample under study are stable (or the
longer time, and has received a variance (rom the Regional Administrator. Some samples
may not be stable (or the maximum time period given in the table. A permittee, or
monitoTing laboratory, is obligated to hold the sample for a shorter úme if knowledge
exists to show this is necessary to maintain sample stability.
'--
6. Should only be used in the presence of residual chlorine.
~:;'".,
..., '
XIX
·
7. Maximum hoJding ti!is 24 hours when suICide is present. ~onaJ)y, all samples may
be tested with lead atttate paper before the pH adjustment in order to determine if sulfide
is present. If ~Jfide is present. it can be removed by the addition of cadmium nitrate
powder until a negative spot (est is obtained. The sample is filtered and then NaOH is
added to pH J2.
8. Samples should be filtered immediately on-site before adding preservative for dissolved
metals.
9. For samples from non-chlorinated drinking water supplies cone. H~O. should be added
to lower sample pH to less than 2. The sample should be analyzed before J4 days.
'-"
xx
(
(
~"
V. \.¿UA.1.11 J l.VI.... KUL - LaDOnH.u~] oJ...... ,U..c.:>
e
e
Introduction: Quality Control is a program of detailed actions taken to
...
ensure the highest degree of accuracy and reproduceability of the analytical
results reported by B C Laboratories. Although conceptualized as a program
of actions, Quality Control is actually a philosophy which permeates every
part of the analytical procedures from sample collection to reporting the
final results. Quality control, as a program, has three parts:
(a) Laboratory Services (b) Methodology, and (c) Preventive Maintenance.
It should be noted that parts of (a) and (c) overlap.
Laboratory Services
A. Deionized Water
1. Record daily
a. Conductivit)' (resistivity) reading from unit meter
b. Detennine pH
1) Allowable limits
Resistivity + 1%
pH 6.5 to 7.5 pH Units
B. Thermometer
1. Check all thermometers once yearly againts NBS Certified Thermometer
at temperature ranges used routinely.
a. Record results
b. Allowable limits
1) ~ 1 \ from previous readings
C. Ba lane es
1. Yearly
'~
a. General maintenance and overhauls under Service Contract
2. Six Months .
a. 0 to 160 gm balances - sensitivity + 0.0001
1) Using Class Sl weights, check each balance at levels of 5 mg,
100 mg, 500 mg, 1 gm. 25 gm. 50 gm. 100 gm, and 150 gm.
·
, .
2) Record Res~
Allowable Limits + 1\
e
...
b. 0 to 2000 gm balances, sensitivity 0.1 gm
1) Using ¡lass lOLM weights, check each balance at levels
of 50 gm, 100 gm, 500 gm, 1500 gm, and 2000 gm
Allowable Limits + 1\
D. Electrical Services
1. Check all electrical outlets with a volt meter twice a year
with results recorded.
8. Allowable Limits
1) ~ 10 Volts for 110 V outlets and + 20 Volts for 220 V outlets
E. Temperature Regulating Devices
1. All refrigerators, water baths, heating blocks, ovens, and hot plates
will have in-dwelling thermometers, and the temperature will be
recorded each day of use.
a. The position of the thermometer within the unit will be moved
each day so that representative temperatures throughout the
unit. will be established.
b. Allowable Limits
1) The temperature of each Temperature Regulating Device will be
recorded for 20 consecutive working days. The mean of the
values and the Standard Deviation will be calculated for each
unit. The allowable range is + 2 SD.
2. Freezers
8. In addition to 8 thermometer, each freezer will contain a 15 mm x
100 mm test tube holding I ml of water. The water will be allowed
to freeze in the bottom of the test tube. The test tube will then be
placed inverted in a small beaker in the freezer. The position of
, froz.en plug will be noted daily. Arty change in the position of the
plug will indicate a rise in freezer temperature and must be
invenigated.
3. Muff1~Furnaces, G.C. Ovens, and other high temperature regulating
Devices
a. Daily temperature checks will be made using a high temperature
thermistor probe. Recorded results will be treated as in
E. 1. b. 1 above.
F.
Spectrophotometers
1. Visual Ran¡e
e
e
Monthly Linearity checks at 408 nm, 512 nm, and 670 nm using
Harleco Spectronic Function Check Set.
a. Plot absorbance vs. relative concentration on linear graph
paper for 0.0, 0.50, 0.75, and 1.0 relative concentrations.
Construct the best fit curve through all points.
1) Allowable Limits + 0.02 absorbance units deviation from
best fit curve for each point.
2. Ultraviolet Range
Monthly
a. Using the B & L Spectronics Standards set, the following
parameters will be checked and the results recorded:
0\ transmittance, wavelength accuracy, stray radiant energy,
spectrophotometric accuracy, linearity, precision and optical
alignment~
b. Allowable Limits
Follow Manufacturer's instructions.
3. Infrared Range
Monthly
a. Wavelength scan using Beckman Wavelength/Wave Number Calibrator
from 2.5 to 25 nm.
1) Allo~able Limits - Compare with Beckman graph and follow
Manufacturer's instructions.
G. Fume Hoods
Monthly
1. Check 1inear Flow Rate through face of hood with hood face open to
position of routine use.
a. ÃIlowable Limit
1) 100 + 5 linear feet per ainute.
H. Compressed Air
1. Daily check filter system in line for color change
a. Filter system is a tube of drierite/mol/sieve.
1) Change tube fillers when color indicates saturation
2) Replace tanks when pressure is below 200 PSI.
e
e
1. Glassware
1. All volumetric glassware should be Class A, therefore no recalibration
is necessary.
2., Non-Class A glassware (volumetric) must be recalibrated as follows.
a. Volumetric flasks
1) Weigh flask to nearest 0.01 gm
2) Fill flask to mark with deionized water
3) Reweigh flask, recording weight and temperature
4) Calculate corrected volume and record
Separate records must be kept for each flask, thus each
flask must be identified.
b. Volumetric Pipettes
1) ~eigh a small beaker to 0.01 gm
2) Fill pipette to above mark with deionized water. Wipe off tip
of pipette and let water flow out to mark. Rewipe tip of
pipette being careful to draw no water from pipette and then
allow contents to flow into weighed flask, touching pipette
tip to side of beaker to complete flow. (Blowout pipettes
marked "to contain" and with frosted strip around end should
be blown out).
3) Reweigh beaker and record weight and temperature.
4) Calculate corrected volume and record.
S) Allowable Limits must be within EPA tolerance for Class A
glassware (Table 4-1, EPA Manual)
,..
J. pH Meters
1. Calibrate pH meters using pH 7.00 buffer while the buffer solution
is stirred gently.
a. The combination electrode is then washed gently in deionized
water, wiped carefully with a Kimwipe tissue.
b. Check pH of pH 4.0 and pH 10.0 buffers to establish linearity
of pH meter.
c. Calibration is performed daily or several times per day
depending on the use of the instrument.
1) Allowable limits - pH meter must be able to be calibrated
~ at both acid and alkaline levels to 0.01 pH units.
K. Glassware Washing
1. Immediately after use, glassware should be rinsed with tap water.
Note if glassware contained hazardous waste material, it should be
rinsed twice with the rinse water poured into the Hazardous Waste
Disposal Barrel.
a. After rinSi~glassware is placed in a Plastlt basin containing a
mild -d~tergent solution for soaking. Calgon is the recommended
detergent.
b. Pipettes will be placed, without rinsing, into a pipette jar
(plastic) containing the mild detergent solution. The jar must
be tall enough so that the entire pipette is submerged.
2. Washing
a. All glassware will be washed with tap water at 115 to l250F
using strong detergent solution.
b. Following washing, the glassware will be rinsed with tap water until
free of detergent, and then rinsed three ti~es with deionized water.
1) Drying will be either by air or in a 110 C convection oven.
3. Potassium Permanganate Soak
a. To 35 .1 saturated 1C2Mn04 add slowly and carefully one liter of
concentrated sulfuric. aC1d (acid need not be reagent grade).
b. Soak glassware 30 minutes in acid solution, rinse thoroughly
and pro cede as in section on rinsing or washing.
4. Spectrophotometer cuvettes
a. Cuvettes JIIlst be washed carefully avoiding any abrasive material or
action which could scratch the optical sides.
b. If used with organic materials, cuvettes may be rinsed first with
the appropriate solvent before rinsing and washing.
c. All cuvettes will be air dried at ambient temperature in a
dust free environment.
5. Nitric Acid
a. GlasS'to'are for Trace Metal studies should be washed as above but
after tap water rinse should be rinsed 10 to 15 times in 1 to I
nitric acid solution and then rinsed thoroughly in deionized water
before drying.
6. Phosphate Studies
a. Giassware for phosphate determinations must not be washed in
phosphate containing detergents. Chromic acid may be used
followed by thorough rinsing in tap and deionized water.
'~
6. Trace Organic Constituents
a. Glassware for trace organics IlUst be washed in chromic acid and
rinsed in the usual aanner.
1) Drying may be expedited by the use of acetone.
b. Glassware should be carefully stored after washing to avoid dust.
1.
e
AR (AtS Reagent Grade) is the minimum quality for reagents and standards.
"
e
L.
Reagents
a. Exceptions
1) Lower grades may be used when specified in the method
and their use has no effect on the final result.
b. All labels on reagent bottles should be verified before use and
the reagents checked visually before use.
2. Organic Analysis
a. AR grade
b. Trace organic analysis, Mallinkrodt Nanograde quality or
J. T. Baker Resi-Analyzed grades may be required.
3. Inorganic Analysis
a. AR grade
b. Purification for special purposes
1) Specified in method
4. Methods of Purification
e.
Wash inorganic reagents with each solvent used in method.
Extract distilled or deionized water with each solvent used
in the method.
Extract aqueous reagent solutions with all solvents used
in method.
Redistill solvents in allglass systems with an efficient
fractionating column.
Wash Florisil or silica gel adsorbents with solvents used
in method or reactivate Florisil by heating to 6300C
For Ultra-pure water, distill deionized water from a dilute
K2Mn04 solution and an all glass or stainless steel system.
a.
b.
c.
d.
f.
s. Gases
a. Use K:>lecular sieve and Drierite tubes on all gas lines.
1) Oxygen traps must be used when carrier gas or detector gas
must be oxygen free.
b.~ange tanks when pressure falls to 100 to 200 psi to avoid
carry over of oil and ~isture which cannot be removed by traps
in 1 a~ve.
6. Storage and ~ntenance of Reagent Quality 4IÞ
a. St,ndard solutions and solvents
1) Store in borosilicate glass bottles with ground glass
stoppers.
2) Solvents-may be stored in original containers
3) Polyethylene containers may be used for alkaline
inorganic reagents.
4) When using standard solutions, reagent solutions, or
solvents, never place a pipette or other material into
a bottle or container. Instead pour the approximate
amount needed into an appropriate beaker and make the
transfer from the beaker. Do not, pour the excess
m~terial in the beaker back into the original container
but pour it into the waste system.
S) In the same manner, when weighing pure dry chemicals
do not put transfer spatula into the original container.
Place the approximate amount needed into an appropriate
beaker and transfer from this to the tared container on
the balance.
6) Light sensitive reagents and solutions
a. Store in amber bottles in dark, cool place
7) Reagent stability
a. Use manufacturers recommended storage times
b. Dilute solutions tend to break down more quickly
than the pure reagent or solvent.
8) Special problems
a. Reagent breakdown, moisture absorption, etc.
b. Storage procedures will be specified in the method.
M. Miscellaneous
1. Ambient temperatures in the laboratory will be checked daily as well
as atmospheric pressure. Results will be recorded.
a. If certain areas such as furnace or instrumentation rooms are
kept at temperatures different from laboratory as a whole,
such areas will be monitored daily and the results recorded.
2. Department heads will check all results before a rçsult is issued.
N. Quality Coutrol of Sample Containers
1. B C ~ratories will supply s~le containers on request.
a. New and recycled sample containers shall be thoroughly
washed in accordance with established procedures.
b. Analysis by solvent extraction
1) 'Sample containers should be 32 0% Boston round bottles
with teflon lined caps.
2) Oil and grease samples can be collected in a wide mouth
jar with polyseal caps.
c. Sampline>r purgeable organics .
1) Samples should be collected in a 4S ~screw cap
.vial fitted with a Teflon faced silicon septum.
d. Duplicates and blanks
1) Duplicate sample bottles should be provided by the
laboratory so that random duplicate samples may be
taken in the field.
2) Blank bottles are sent to the sampling site with the
sample bottles and are handled in the same manner as
the sample bottles but are returned unopended to the lab
for use as a blank.
3) All water samples to be placed on ice and refrigerated
until extraction.
3. Labeling
1) B C Laboratories will supply the appropriate water proof
label for all sample bottles.
o. Criteria for accepting or rejecting samples
1. Accurate analysis depends on a proper sample
a. Problems that would call for rejection of the sample for analysis
1) Leakage
2) Container breakage
3) Sample not properly identified
4) Sample collected in incorrect container
S) Sample obviously contaminated
6) Numerous other causes for sample rejection could be cited.
-
e
e
roT OF CONTROL PROÇEDURES - LABORATORY SERVICES
When any of t.he laborat.ory service units does not function within
the limit.s set. for t.hat. 1U1it.. that. unit is considered to be operat.ing
''Out of Control". As examples. t.he pH of the water is not within the
range of 6.S to 7.5; t.he analytical balance does not weigh wit.hin the
limits at a given range; the temperature reading of the refrigerator
or heating bat.h are not. within t.he est.ablished limits. If any laborat.ory
service mlit is out of cont.rol, the quality control procedure used to check
the unit. will be repeated iamediately. Subsequently, all actions taken to
bring the unit within limits will be recorded in t.he Quality Control
record for that unit. It should be noted that most Ibrl.ts are statis-
tically set at a 95\ Confidence LiJRit. Therefore S\ of the
Quality Control readings can be expected to fall outside of the limits.
If. following the repeat procedure. the unit is still out of control.
the Department Head will be notified. Corrective action ba.sed on the
knowledge. training and experience of the department head will be taken.
Again. any action taken .ust be noted in the Quality Control record.
If the problem is still not solved. the Laboratory Director will be
notified. At this point a decision must be made. Further corrective
action may be taken or manufactmer' s service call say be required, or
in some cases, the entire laboratory service unit must be replaced.
Obviously, this decision SlSt. be _de by t.he Laborat.ory Director.
Mlen a laborat.ory service unit is not operating within the limits set
the action t.o be taken is dependent upon the knowledge, training and
experience of the people involved. It should be emphasized at this paint
that all quality control records should have every entry dated and intialIed
by the individual taking the action.
In the first example cited (pH of the deioni~ed water falling outside
the limits of 6.S to 7.S) the pH of another sample should be immediately
checked. If still out of control, a different pH meter should be used.
In this way a determination aay be made that the pH aeter vas not
operating correctly when the sample was checked originally. If so,
the problem would be in the pH aeter and not the water. In this
bypothetical case, lack of cxperienê:e on the part of the individual could
lead to bours of work t.rying ~o solye a water problem which did not exist.
Obviously. in such a hypothetical c~e. the pH meter should be illmediately
checked and brought wi thin liAi. t.s. Or, again hypothetically, if one point
on the linear......absorption check of a spectrophotoaeter is not within
limits. t.he concentration ¡radient solutions should be checked on another
spectrophotometer. If within limits. the first spectrophotometer needs
corrective action. If out of limits, then the concentration ¡radient
solution should be replaced and the procedure repeated. If linearity is
obtained. then the concentration gradient solutions are at fault and no
time need be spent trying to correct a non-existent problem with the
spectrophotometer. '
'.
&BRATION OF VOLUMETRIC GLASSWJlt
.
1. Class A Glasswâre need not be recalibrated.
2. Volumetric flasks (with ID number)
a. Weight volumetric flask to nearest 0.1 mg
b. Fill to mark with distilled water
c. Measure laboratory temperature and pressure and record
d. Reweigh flask (filled) to nearest 0.1 mg
e. Using laboratory temperature and pressure, calculate corrected
volume of flask.
f. Record result with date and initials.
3. Volumetric Pipettes and Micropipettes
a. Each pipette should have an I.D. number
b. Weigh a small beaker to nearest 0.1 mg
c. Fill pipette to volume with distilled water (fill beyond mark, wipe tip,
and drain to mark. 'Again wipe tip.
d. Allow ",ater to flow freely into weighed beaker. Touch tip of pipette
to side of beaker to fully drain.
e. Reweigh beaker to nearest 0.1 mg
f. Using laboratory temperature and pressure, calculate corrected volume.
Record results as above.
......
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v.
-
LABORATORY SAFETY MANUAL
All chemists know that working in a Laboratory requires the acceptance
of some degree of risk, and all chemists are aware of the various hazards
associated with working in the Laboratory. Further, all are aware of the
"Common Sense" methods of avoiding such hazards. However, due to a variety
of causes, including the non-sensical belief that "It can't happen to me",
and the lack of leadership and direction by supervisors, Laboratory Safety
is a rather nebulous concept, carried on the back burners of the minds of
people working in the Laboratory.
If Laboratory Safety is to become a viable concept, then Labora tory
Personnel must develop an entirely new approach to the problem. The basic
premise for any logical approach to Laboratory Safety must be that "ACCIDENTS
ARE CAUSED, AND ACCIDENTS AND ACCIDENTAL INJURIES CAN BE PREVEt-.""TED". A
popular and workable definition of an accident is: "An accident is the
unplanned, occasional, but forseeable consequence of one or more unsafe acts
in combination with hazardous circumstances".
This concept must be emphasized and reemphasized until all Laboratory
activity is carried out with the concept of Laboratory Safety governing
every action by every employee. "Horse play" and practical jokes are not
permitted.
The hazards facing the employees in the Laboratory can be grouped in
the following manner: fire, electrical, chemical, biological and explosive.
In the following pages each of these types of hazards will be treated individ-
ually and the necessary actions to avoid such hazards will 'be outlined.
Earlier in this discussion the statement was made that, "Accidents
are Caused". Let's examine in detail some of these causes, so that this
concept "Accidents are Caused" becomes clearer. Once the basic cause of
an accident is defined, corrective action will usually be apparent. True too,
the most worthwhile suggestions for preventing an accident come from the
employee who has been injured in that accident.
In general, it can be stated that accidents will usually arise from one
or more of the following, either singly or in combination.
1. ~ilure of person in charge to give adequate instructions and
inspection.
a. Failure to give the necessary instructions.
b. Failure to give correct instructions.
c. Failure to make an inspection during work activity.
2. Failure of person in charge to properly plan and conduct activity.
a.
Failure .lan safety into activity. e
Use of unsafe methods.
Use of inexperienced or unskilled employees.
Fai~e to enforce safety rules.
b.
c.
d.
3. Improper design, construction or layout.
A. Faulty or inadequate design of equipment.
b. Unsafe housekeeping practices.
c. Inadequate lighting.
4. Protective devices not provided.
A. Failure to provide proper safety devices.
b. Failure to provide proper instruction in use of safety devices.
5. Failure to follow instructions or rules.
A. Safety rules not followed.
b. Specific safe work procedures not followed.
c. Ignoring sAfety warnings.
d. Failure to obey laws or regulations.
6. Failure to use protective devices provided.
A. Protective devices not used.
b. Inadequate instruction in use of protective devices.
c. Equipment not used properly.
7. Physical condition or handicap.
a. Working with a chronic illness or disease.
b. Fatigue beyond the capacity of the individual.
c. Physical handicap
d. Temper, anger or poor control of emotions.
e. Self imposed handicap through use of alcohol or drugs on the job.
8. Kno..,ledge or mental attitude.
a. Failure to concentrate.
b. Lack of knowledge or understanding.
c. Lack of good judgement.
d. _Inability to work with others.
9. Use of Protective Devices with unknown defects.
'......
A. Faulty protective devices.
b. Defective tools (defects pot knoWn) .
c. Unpredictable failure of tools.
10. Accident caused by outsider (not reasonably preventable by organization).
A. Agencies outside the organization.
b.
VAndal. or willful damage.
ActiOn of outside company.
ð. \rind, lightning, earthquakes,
e
c.
etc.
The above list is not all inclusive, of course, but the Jlajority of
causes of accidents vill ~all under the aajor or ~nor headings. It is
obvious, also, that the problem of accident prevention must be attacked at
all levels of management from the Laboratory Director through the supervisors
to the personnel at the bench.
A point that should be brought forward, is that in the laboratory there
are both scientifically trained chemists, and relatively untrained clerical
personnel and Laboratory Aides. If the highly trained chemist, supposedly
well grounded in avoiding the hazards of the laboratory, is accident prone,
bow much ~re so are the relatively untrained (scientifically) Aides and
Clerical personnel? Additional efforts are required by all laboratory
personnel to make these untrained individuals knowledgeable of, and capable
of avoiding accidents in the Labora tory .
In the B C Laboratories, a Laboratory Safety Cammi ttee has been appoint-
ed by the Director and is chaired by the Laboratory Safety Officer, also ap-
pointed by the Director. It is the- function of this committee to review al.l
the Laboratory hazards, develop acti vi ties which avoid these hazards and to
develop programs of education and instruction for all laboratory personnel on
the sw:>ject of Laboratory Safety.
In the following pages, the specific laboratory hazards are brought out,
along with the appropriate steps, or rules for proper activity, which would
serve to prevent an accident from occuring. Periodically these hazards and
the mitigating activ~ties will be reviewed and updated by the Laboratory
Safety Committee, and re~ndations for changes or additional action needed
will be made to the Laboratory Director.
Wi th the exception of the redia tion hazard which is rela ti vely small,
due to the fact the only radioactive material in the Laboratory is in sealed
sources, all the hazards are equally dangerous and capable of causing serious
injury or even death. Therefore the order of presentation of the hazards
should not be tAken as an indication of the relative severity of each hazard.
LABORATORY HAZARDS AND RIIL.ES OF AC'I'ION FOR PREVEm'ION.
Fire.
'~
Uncontrolled fire a1vays ba.s been one of the IICst feared steps in
man · s technologica.l progress. Xn the laboratory, the possibility of fire
is everpresent from a variety of eources. 'I'here are specific steps that can
be tAken to avoid fire hazards. In addition, there are JDeasures that can be
t:.a.ken to limit the effectS if a fire should occur.
Positive action to prevent fires:
1.
Flammable l.idS should be stored in a fl.proof storage Cabin~t.
2.
Solv~.ts which .ust be refrigerated are stored in an explosion
proof refrigerator.
3.
Use of flammable liquids is lim. ted to the fume hoods.
4.
Where open flames are needed, such as in Microbiology, "Touch 0 Matic.
burners should be used.
5.
Bunsen Burners should be used only in fume hoods.
6.
Hot Plates, in fume hoods, should be used for heating all liquids.
7.
If a flame is required for the above purpose, the flame should
never rise above the liquid level in the vessel.
8.
Smoking is forbidden in all working areas of the laboratory.
9.
Flamm.al:>le liquids should not be used near any open flame.
10.
Make certain that matches are completely out before discarding
in the waste basket.
11.
All laboratory waste baskets should be of metal and have a tight
fi tUng top.
~2.
Solvent soaked, or oil soaked rags and paper towels should not be
discarded into covered waste containers, but should be placed in
open containers, metal, located in the back of the laboratory
outdoors.
Knowledge and Action required to limit damage from a fire.
1. Be familiar with this Safety Manual.
2. Know location of fire fighting devices such as extinguishers.
3. Understand and be capable of using fire extinguishers properly.
(Note: The Laboratory Safety Officers should arrange periodically,
usually when the fire extinguishers are recharged yearly, to have a
member of the Bakersfield Fire Department demonstrate the proper
üSe of extinguishers.)
4. --J:now the location of, and hov to use all protective devices such
as fire blankets, showers and eye washes.
s. ~ow your responsibilities in case of fire and how to carry them
out.
6. If a fire occurs, do not panic, do not 'shout, keep calm and follow
instructions.
"
Wha t to do in case of e-e.
e
l~ Upon notice of fire, see that the alarm has been turned in.
Dial 0 And qive Laboratory Operator location, what is burning
and if any life is endangered.
2. Shut doors to localize fire if possible.
Specific responsibilities after steps 1 and 2 have been taken.
1. Chemists .
a. Turn off all equipment, gas, air and oxygen in your immediate
area.
b. Go to the nearest fire fighting device, where way is clear
of fire, and make use of equipment, if possible.
2. Clerical Personnel.
a. If fire is not in your immediate area, qet all paperwork into
metal file cabinets.
3. Deparment Supervisors.
a. Make sure alarm has been turned in.
b. Soil Supervisor.
.
1) Acts as telephone liason with the other departments and
the opera tor.
c. Other Supervisors.
1) Assist individual in charge (Laboratory Director or
Safety Officer) in directing use of fire extinguishers
or water hoses, and in evacuating the building.
Electrical Hazards.
Electricity is so common in our lives that it is taken for granted
and used without thought. Yet if we pause to think, we probably daily
risk injury through mishandling of equipment energized by electrical current.
Cert4in steps can be taken, however, to lessen the risk of electrical
injury. It_is interesting to note, that these same steps can be taken to
reduce the risk of electrical injury at home, as well as in the Laboratory.
1. 'Iil electrical plugs must be. properly qrounded.
2. Power outlets should not be located near water faucets or sinks.
3. Employees should dry their hands thoroughly before using any
electrical equipment.
4. If any liquid is spilled on any electrical equipment, the unit should
"
e e
be unplugged immediately, before cleaning up the spill.
,
s. Worn wires or plugs should be replaced immediately.
6. Electrical JIIOtors should be explosion proof.
7. Plug strips should be installed on work benches in order to
avoid cluttering up the bench top with extension cords.
B. Avoid using JIIOre than one plug per outlet.
9. In the event of a power shortage, shut off all major equipment so
tha t the voltage surge when the power returns does not ruin the
equipment.
In Case of Electrical Shock.
Short bursts of electrical energy to the human body can result in
ventricular fibrillation, cardiac arrest or respiratory paralysis. If the
current is high enough, the shock to the nervous system can prove fatal.
Severe burns usually occur along with electrical shock.
If a co-worker should suffer electrical shock, the following action
should be taken:
1. Using non-conductive material, separate the injured person from
the source of the current.
2. If the injured person is not breathing, notify another employee
to call for the Paramedics, and to request assistance for you.
3. Start artificial respiration and cardio-pulmonary resucitation
if necessary.
4. Keep injured employee wam.
5. Continue CPR until Paramedics arrive to take over.
Chemical Bazards.
Chemical hazards are primarily from Caustic acids or alkalies, and
toxic or -inflammable fumes. These hazards are many, as the use of highly
caustic, toxic or inflammable materials is almost unlimited in an Industrial
LaborAt,pry. For these hazardous materials, there are specific rules to
prevent -accidental- injury.
1. All infiamable materials are stored in flame proof cabinets.
2. Inflammable materials are used only in the fume hood, and never
near an open flame.
3. If Caustic or Toxic ~teriðls must be stored on Laboratory shelving,
they must be protected against accidental spilling to the floor
as would occur in an earthquake.
4. Inflamnable tÞ:erial are used around motori~equipment, e.g.,
centrifuges or shakers, the motor must be e~sion proof.
5. LiquiM .that give off toxic fumes DUSt be used only in the fume
hood .
6. When using merC1l%y, & tray, or other limiting surface must be used
to prevent spreading of the mercury over a wide area.
7. When pouring caustic materials such as strong acids or alkalies:
&. User should wear goggles.
h. Work should be perfoDned over a sink if possible.
c. When pouring from & large storage bottle, the approximate
amount needed should be poured into a wide mouth receiver
such as a beaker, and then transferred to the receiving
vessel. .
d. Strong acids should be always poured slowly, a little at a
time, into water, and never water into the acid.
8. When carrying bottles of acid, or alkali, the handle should be
used, and one hand should be placed under the bottom of the bottle.
9. If more than one bottle of acid or alkali is Dr)ved, it. cart should
be used.
Note: PP 8 and 9 apply to all 5 pound bottles of reagents.
10. Liquid reagents should never be stored over electrical equipment.
lJ.. Perchloric Acid should never be allowed to go to dryness, as it
becomes highly explosive.
12. When using separatory funnels, vent the funnel several times to
avoid gas pressure build up.
Biological Hazards.
Biological Hazards are not as severe at B C Laboratories, yet there
are some rules which can prevent accidental injury.
1.. Employees with open sores or cuts on the hands should not handle
~ples for Hicrobioloçy without wearing gloves'.
2.___Standard Microbiological safety procedures should be used with the
water samples for Kicrobiology.
3. Individuals receiving samples, should wear gloves when opening
packages containing samples as spillage can occur during shipment,
and all the bottles in the shipment could be contaminated. 'l1lis
could be particulary dangerous if the samples contained raw sewage
or caustic materials.
...
Compressed Gases, sa~torage and Handling-
e
. '
Compressed gases are used extensively in the B C Laboratory Procedures.
Only those indi"iduals thoroughly familiar with tanks, re<¡ulators, and
lines are permitted to handle compressed gas tanks. Also, ,most of the tanks
used in the B C Laboratories are heavy" and blproper handling of them can
lead to severe muscle or back injuries. Most compressed gas tanks are
color coded by the manufacturer. Before putting any tank into use, the
label on the tank should be checked as the color code may be unreliable.
Rules for safe handling and storage of compressed gas tanks.
1.
Cylinder Caps should remain on the tanks at all times except
when containers are connected to dispensing equipment.
2.
Containers, empty or not, shall not be used as rollers" supports,
or for any purpose other than to contain the contents received.
3.
When not in use, the container valve shall be closed at all times.
By "in use" it is meant when gas is flowing from the container,
when the container gas is maintaining pressure in a supply line,
or when the container is standing by during the operations utilizing
the gas.
4.
, 0
Containers shall not be stored at temperatures above 130 F.
s.
If a container leaks, and the leak cannot be remedied by tightening
a valve gland or packing nut, the valve shall be closed, and a
tag showing that the tank is leaking shall be attached. The tank
should then be moved out doors, until the manufacturer can pick
it up. If inflammable gas is in the tank avoid any open flames,
or if toxic gas is in the tank, it may be necessary to wear pro-
tective breathing equipment while handling the tank.
6.
Compressed gas tanks should not be dragged or slid. When moving
a tank, a suitable hand truck, fork truck or rollplatform should
be used, and the tank secured for transport.
7.
Tanks should not be allowed to suffer rough handling.
8.
Pressure regulators should always be in place on the tank before
the valve is opened _ When openinq· the valVe, the outlets should
be_pointed away from people.
9.
Tanks should be ·s~red in an upright position and tightly secured
--
so that there is no possibility of the tank falling.
10.
On valves without handwheels, only the wrench supplied by the
manu£acturer will be used to òpen the valve.
11.
On valves with hand wheels, only hand pressure shall be ·used to
open or close the valves. At no time will wrenches be used to
open stuck hand wheels, nor will they be pounded with a wrench or
.
.
hammer to loce them. e
1.2. FlaDllDðble gases should be stored outside the area of use, and the
area Po-ted with no &m:)king signs.
.'
13. Portable fire extinguishers should be placed in close proximity
to the .tored gases.
14. When leak testing any gas, only "gas-leak-detector-Ü.quid," or
soapy water will be used. Never use a flame to leak test a valve
or connection on the line.
15. All Oxygen tank valves and connections and lines should be kept
dirt free at all times.
16. Oxygen tanks should be separated from Combustibles by a distance
of at least 20 feet or by a non-combustible barrier at least
five feet high.
17. Hydrogen tanks should be stored out doors whenever possible. If
systems of less than 3000 CF are stored in the same space they
must be separated by a distance of at least 50 ft.
lB. Drierite and Molecular Sieve scr1Jbbers will be placed on all gas
lines. In addition, Oxy-Trap scrubbers will be on all lines from
which Oxygen must be removed. Scrubbers and traps will be replaced
when required.
Waste Disposal.
Caustic, t:oxic and hazardous wastes are all generated by an Industrial
Laboratory. Proper handling of these wastes is essential to prevent poten-
tial injury to the employees, waste CX)llectors or the environment.
1. Small a11X>unts of acid or alkali may be slowly poured into the
sink while flushing with CX)pious amounts of water. Larger amounts
of acid or alkali ~t be neutralized before disposal in either
the sewer system or the waste disposal tanks.
2. Neither bottles or cans CX)ntaining caustic, toxic or hazardous
wastes shall be placed in the Dempster Dumpsters. When the
Dumpsters are transferred to the collection truck, the waste is
compacted, and closed CX)ntainers can burst, endangering the
disposal employees, or contaminating the rest of the waste.
3.-waste bottles, are placed at various points in the laboratory.
Waste materials should be placed in these bottles, and when full,
the waste bottles should be emptied into the waste barrels or tanks.
4. When handling caustic, toxic or hazardous wastes, disposable
plastic gloves should be worn.
5. When the waste barrels are full, they are sealed, and the Waste
..
Disposal Age.s notifi~d to pick up the bar.s. Only properly
licensed Waste Transporters may be used for th1.S service.
Radiation Hazards.
The only equipment containing radioactive materials are the electron
capture detectors and the Troxler Moisture/Density gauge. In as much as
these are sealed sources the radiation hazard is nil. However, certain
rules do obtain for working with these sources.
1. Allow the electron capture detectors (containing Ni-63) to cool
before removing them from the chromatographs.
2. Use gloves when handling the detectors.
3. Yearly, wipe tests are made and sent to the manufacturer.
4. If the Ni-63 detectors become contaminated they may be cleaned by
flushing with 1 N Methanolic KOH. Flush with 250 ml of this
solution twice. The flush solution may be put down the sink with
a minimum of 2000 cc of H20. Rinse with 250 m1 of Methanol. Re-
place the detector on the unit and set the detector temperature
at 250oC. While at this temperature, flush with pure Nitrogen
for 24 hours.
5. When not in use, the Troxler Moisture Density gauge will be stored
in the specially prepared bunker. 'The bunker will be locked and
the key will be in the possession of the Radiation Safety Officer.
Only individuals trained and certified by Troxler may use this
instrument.
Pesticides.
Every pesticide must be considered highly poisonous unless the compound
is known to be otherwise. Observe the following precautions.
1. Avoid skin contact with pesticides whether in solvent or undiluted.
If pesticide comes in contact with skin, wash thoroughly and im-
~ediately with soap and water.
.2. Avoid breathing vapors; many of the pesticides are volatile enough
to be h.ar1u:ful. Use pesticides in a well ventilated room, preferably
in a hood. Keep bottles closed except when in actual use. In ad-
dition to the general toxicity of most pesticides, the following
types should be recognized as especially hazardous:
....... .
a. Pb::Isphorous Compounds - Many of this group are extremely
lethal when inhaled or absorbed through the skin
b. Phenols and Free Halogenated Acids - 'These may be very
corrosive as well as toxic and should be kept away from the
skin.
c. Halogenated Nitro Compounds are lachrymators, and should be
.:
e
kept .from the eyes.
e
.
ð. Arsenicals and Mercurials are heavy metal poisons and are
cumulative in the body.
e. Nicotine is a deadly poison and is readily absorbed through
the skin.
The LDSO values bug/Kg of the pesticide which results in a fatality
of so, of male rats) are an indication of toxicity. Any pesticide with a
value less than SO should be considered especially poisonous.
If any leakage or spillage of any pesticide is present when the pes-
ticide is unpacked do not further handle the package. Wash the hands
thoroughly and then using plastic gloves, remove the package to a restrict-
ed area for safe storage. Contact the manufacturer for specific instructions.
As a general rule, all primary dilutions of pesticides should be made
in the hood using plastic gloves and protective glasses. Never pipette
Any pesticide in any dilution by mouth. Always use a rubber bulb.
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INSTRUMENT RECORD
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INSTRUMENT tyPE:
Varian A.A.
MODEL NO.: 1bde1 575
SERIAL NO.: 1117810
LOCATION NO.: J.strument Room
CHECKING INTERVAL:
Ibnthly
January
February
March
Apri 1
May
June
July
August
Septen'ber
October
November
December
CALIBRATION RESPOISIBILITY:
CAlIBRATION INS11IJCTIOH:
Chemist
Clean burner and nebuli%er. Aspirate
5 ppm copper standard (page .. 7)
Date
Ini t1a¡
Resul ts
IIlg( m..D t L.E A N E.D ~ 6' -f f ,-.,.. Gv- ~ O,b5S'"
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INSTRUMENT RECORD
I HSTRlt\tNT TYPE:
Hach Turbidimeter
HODEL NO.: Model 2l00A
SERIAL NO.: 4627
LOCATION NO.: Water Lab
CHECKING INTERVAL:
6 Months
January
February
March
April
May
June
July
August
Septemer
October
November
Decermer
CALIBRATION RESPONSIBILITY:
Chemist
CALIBRATION INSTRUCTION: Make up Formazin Standards (Manual DC. 6)
Fo;< Q . 1:. CJ( A c.../.\ I NST I" 12/A ill 1:'1 S ï:i}'; ,
Date
Initial
Results
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APPENDIX E
Random Sampling Program
Methodology
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APPENDIX
Section 1.0 of EPA Manual SW-846 describes the acceptable statistical
methods that can be used to develop a random sampl i ng program. To
determine the number of samples, an approximation of the expected ana-
lytical results, using existing data. Since data exists for the
Garriott facility area, the strategy for simple random sampling was
applied to this data.
Step General Procedures
1. Obtain preliminary estimates of x and s2 for each chemical contami-
nant that is of concern. The two above-identified statistics are
calculated by the following equations:
(1)
n
x = ~ x·
i = 1 1
n
(2)
with n = number of sample measurements.
n n
s2 = ~ xi2 - ( ~ )2/n
i = 1 i = 1
n - 1
2. Estimate the appropriate number of samples (nl) to be collected
through the use of the fall owi ng equat ion. Deri ve i ndi vi dua 1
values of n1 for each chemical contaminant of concern. The
appropriate number of samples to be taken is the greatest of the
individual n1 values.
( 3)
n = t2 s2
0.20 , wi th ð = RT - x
2
6,
DATA SELECTION
.
e
The calculation for "n" requires a Regulatory Threshold (RT), or an
action level factor, therefore, the contaminants chosen to determine the
number of samples are those which have available RTs. In this case, the
RTs used are those found in the California Site Mitigation Tree,
Appendix A, Section VIII-3, "Recommended Soil Clean-Up Levels," Central
Valley Regional Water Quality Control Board.
CALCULATION
RT = Regulatory Threshold
x = average
x = standard deviation
s2 = variance
t = confidence interval (from Table 2, SW-846)
6 = RT - x
n = number of samples
RT
DOE
1.0
DOT
1.0
Chlordane
2.5
Sample
Numb e r
$-1
0.02 0.16
0.03 0.10
0.01 0.02
0.09 0.80
0.01 0.20 0.50
0.70 12.00
0.10 2.50
12.00
1.60 58.00
1.00 6.0 37.00
6.00
1.20 3.50
0.70
47.00 0.57
12.00 12.00 5.30
S-2
S-3
$-4
$-5
S-6
$-7
$-8
$-9
$-10
$-11
B2252
82253
82254
B2257
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DOE DOT Chlordane
I
x / 5.31 2.48 13.75
s / 13.55 4.34 18.89
s2
I 183.6 18.83 357.07
t / 1. 363 1.415 1.383
6
I 4.31 1.48 11. 25
n = I 18 17 5
The largest number of samples (n) must be collected to obtain signifi-
cant data for the contaminant DOE, therefore, 18 random sampl es wi 11 be
taken and tested for all selected contaminants.
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