HomeMy WebLinkAbout05/04/01 B A K E R S E L D
OFFICE OF THE CITY MANAGER
MEMORANDUM
May 4, 2001
TO: Honorable Mayor and City Council
FROM: Alan Tandy, City Manager /~--~7' /-'~',
SUBJECT: General Information
1. The signed City Center DDA was returned to us early this week - a few days later
than originally expected. Our attorneys still have to discuss technical language
issues with their attorneys - overall, however, there are no significant problems.
2. Thanks to the Kern County Board of Supervisors for voting in the $200,000 to help
l, with the City Center Project! In the newspaper articles, reference was made to a
Federal Aviation Administration grant funds increasing which could reimburse part
of our $2.5 million commitment to the terminal. I checked and that is accurate -
although final numbers will not be known until September or October.
3. There is a nice article in the latest edition of "Our World" regarding the Kugel, a
copy of which is attached.
4. A memo is enclosed from the Public Works Department regarding the Proposition
218 refuse fee hearing. The date of the hearing is June 13, 2001, and all notices
will be mailed on or before May 4th.
5. The Request for Proposal (RFP) for the I nternet Portal Project co-sponsoredby the
City, County, Kern COG and Kern Superintendent of Schools is recommended to
be cancelled by consent of all the partner agencies. The reason is County budget
restrictions and the cost of contracting for that service. The partnership of agencies
is still planning to proceed with the portal using in-house staff to perform the
technical work. The plan is to phase the project over time as discretionary funds
become available.
6. Attached is a response from staff regarding a request for annexation of property.
It is a large piece off Rosedale Highway and at this point is only being considered.
Honorable Mayor and City Council
May 4, 2001
Page 2
7. Public Works has provided a listing of proposed median island enhancement and
street maintenance projects. This pertains to the interim budget recently adopted
for these two categories. Please review the memo and let me know your thoughts.
8. Tuesday, May 8th will be the second of six Travelin Tunes concerts taking place at
Martin Luther King Park at 7:00pm. The band T.O.S.B will be performing old school
music until 8:30pm.
9. Enclosed you will find Development Services first run at Ward populations based
on new census data. It is preliminary as precinct level data and building permit
counts are not yet in. If first numbers match to these, the Council guidelines would
require lowering the Ward 7 population and increasing Ward 3.
10. Development Services reports that the landscape ordinance will not be going to
Council May 16th. The Planning Commission had some changes and continued the
matter to their May 17th meeting. Plans are to have it on the Council agenda in
June.
11. Code Enforcement provided a memo regarding the fire of the Old House Restaurant
located on the northwest corner of Calloway and Meacham. They indicate it may
have been burned to a point where it might not be economically feasible for
rehabilitation.
12. The Electrical Energy Task Force met this week and shared information from recent
meetings attended by staff. Attached are several documents, which provide some
background information.
13. Responses to Council requests are enclosed, as follows:
Councilmember Benham
· Sidewalk maintenance at the Southeast corner of 19th and D Streets.
· Issues presented by Old Town Kern merchants regarding the expansion of
skateboard restrictions in their area.
· Request for dumpsters in the alley on Wall Street be removed for the next
Downtown Street Faire.
· Response from the City Attorney's office regarding the issue of concentration
of "half-way houses" in Wards 2 and 3.
Councilmember Carson
· Response from the City Attorney's office regarding the request for staff to re-
address a PAC member's request for reimbursement.
Councilmember Couch
· Approvals from all the environmental agencies regarding the Kern River
Freeway.
Honorable Mayor and City Council
May 4, 2001
Page 3
· Traffic analysis of Brimhall Road between Coffee and Calloway to determine
if it should be upgraded from a collector to an arterial.
· Response to citizen questions regarding high speed rail.
· Letter of support to the California High Speed Rail Authority.
Councilmember Hanson
· Staff estimate to construct a wall in the outer median island along New Stine
Road from Demaret Avenue to Sundale Avenue.
· Status of undergrounding and removal of PG&E lines on Stockdale Highway
at Gosford Road.
Vice Mayor Salvaggio
, Cleanup of debris at the northeast corner of South H Street and Wilson Road
(County area).
· Follow-up regarding the unimproved gap on Akers Road.
· Sewer user charges
10. A Council referral asked if there was an issue with the ^ME Church. Like the other
property owners, there has been contact and information exchange. All issues have
not yet been worked out in final form - concepts of what they want to do have been
agreed to. Ray Olmscheid will be down next week to continue discussions with
them.
cc: Department Heads
Pam McCarthy, City Clerk
Trudy Slater, Administrative Analyst
05/03/01 TH~ 15:41 FAX 661 868 3190 Kern CA0 [~001
Kern County'Administrative Office
County Administr~Uve Center
1115 Trux~n Avenue, fifth Floor * Bakersfield, CA 93301-463g SCOT[ E. JONES
Telephone 661-868-3198 * FAX 661.868.3190 * TTY Relay 800-735-2929 Count),Adminis~raave Officer
May 3, 2001
. 'Alan Tandy, City Manager
City of Bakersfield
1501 Truxtun Avenue
Bakersfield~CA 93301
Dear ~
In response to the CitY's re. quest that the County assist in the City's proposed baseball
stadium's construction cost, the Board of Supervisors approved a $200,000 contribution
from Community Development Block Grant (CDBG) funds. Although these funds
cannot be used directly for the baseball stadium project, the Board approved making ~em
available to the City for its use in offsetting thc cost of another project. The Board's'
approval of this contribution is contingent on the following requirements:
1. That the City approves constructing a baseball stadium;
2. That the funds are used for a project that meets all of the laws, rogulations, and
requirements related to the expenditure of CDBG funds; and
3. That both the Board of Supervisors and thc City Council approve the project for
which the funds are to be expended.
I look forward to working with you to identify a suitable, CDBG project.
Sincerely,
Scott E. lon~
County Administrative Officer
.qF_J/ACK/stadcdbgat
cc: David Price, rtl', Resource Management Agency
March/April 2001 Volume 2, Issue 16
FAMILY FOUNDATION, INC.
The Mission of the Hogan Family
Foundation is to promote a
greater understanding of the KUGEL COMES TO BAKERSFIELD
importance of travel and tourism
within our society and the world viewed by more than 100,000 The sphere is Labrador Light
as a whole by creating and travelers annually. On Friday, Granite and weighs 17,500
operating educational, Marchl6, Ed, Lynn and Chris pounds. The base stone is
humanitarian, and civic-minded Hogan presided over a dedica- Belfast Black Granite and
programs that encourage tion ceremony at the Amtrak weighs 10,934 pounds~ The
meaningful communication Station alongwith Mayor Kugel spins on a very thin film
between persons of all cultures. Harvey Hall and members of of water - only eight thou-
the Bakersfield City Council. sands of an inch. A water jet
rotates the sphere on an axis
The Kugel is a polished sphere that approximates the earth's
Kugel Comes to 1 of granite, depicting a world tilt. The sculpture is interac-
Bakersfield The Hogan Family Foundation globe. It revolves 360 degrees five in that even a small child
have presented a gift of a in all directions and actually can rotate the globe.
Angel Flight Penguin 1 "Kugel" to the citizens of floats on a thin film of water,
Classic Bakersfield, California in rec- creating a monumental design '~
. LMU Program 2 ognition of the importance of feature that commands atten-_ ,. : ~
travel and tourism to our tion. "Kugel" is the German
Students for Habitat for 3 world. This impressive water word for sphere or ball, aptly
Humanity sculpture has a permanent describing the sculpture that
Garden Stones are Hot! 3 home at the entrance to the was custom made in Germany.
new Amtrak Station in It has a diameter of 180 centi-
UK to US Travel 4
Bakersfield where it will be meters or 5 feet, 10 7/8 inches.
(Continued on page 2)
ANGEL FLIGHT ANNUAL PENGUIN CLASSIC
Larry Coulson
Education Coordinator In March, Ed, Lynn and Chris Hogan, accom- programs. Ed Hogan even participated in the
LACoulson@HoganFoundation.org panied by foundation representatives Christina "Penguin Walk" to raise money for the event,
Hunter and Dale Cowgill, flew to Virginia walking a brisk 2 miles along the beach with a
Marianne Coulson Beach, Virginia to show then support for Angel backdrop of the crashing waves of the Adantic
Education Coordinator
Mcoulson@HoganFoundation. org Flight America. The annual fundraiser known Ocean and temperatures in the high 30's.
as the Penguin Classic takes place each year on
Dale N. Cowgill the Boardwalk in frigid temperatures and in- ' ~-"~¢-'
Public Affairs/Development Coordinator dudes a mulhtude of entertaining events.
DNCowgill @ HoganFoundation. org
Elaine M. Hague Impressive ice carvings lined the Boardwalk
Docent Program Coordinator along with the World's Largest Snow Cone and
EMHague@HoganFoundation. org intricate sandcastles of Angel Flight planes.
Christina V. Hunter Cheerleaders from local high schools showed
Program Director their support for the event while then energy
CVHunter@HoganFoundation.org provided warmth for others. A very profes-
sional magic show also drew large crowds for
Kevln A. Laack
Research and University Programs what proves to be a very successful event each
KALaack@HoganFoundation. org year and helps raise money to support AFA (Continued on page 3)
0u -' Ma h/Ap
r WOrld : rc ril I
Marketing Travel and Tourism Management at LMU
The Ed and Lynn Hogan Pro- chosen field. To receive a copy gram's current status and to
gram in Travel and Tourism at of the brochure, please call the continue planning for its future
Loyola Marymount University Foundation offices at (805) 744- success.
recently passed another mile- 6226.
stone with the publication of its As the Program's inaugural class
first promotional brochure. This prepares to embark on their stud-
full-color, 16-page piece intro- les in the fall, the Board and the
duces prospective students and LMU leadership are focusing not
other interested parties to all only on the upcoming academic
aspects of the Program including year but also on years to come.
its mission, curriculum, faculty One of the major tasks at hand
director, scholarship opportuni- is funding a merit-based scholar-
ties, and advisory board. Readers ship program for the best and
also receive an overview of the the brightest of the Program's
travel industry's diverse range students. The Board hopes that
of exciting career opportunities. $155,000 will be distributed in
the form Of scholarships to
Through this four-year Program, worthy Travel and Tourism
business students can earn a Management students each year.
Bachelor of Business Administra- Corporate sponsors are already
· tion (B.B.A.) degree with a con- LMU Program Brochure being solicited. Prospective
centration in Travel and Tourism donors are encouraged to call
'lglaria-gementT"N~-fi-b-fiTih'T~s-TtU¥ o-n--xbTil-67-20i)'~TXhT-Bo-fiTd~f'--- ~h-CFiSWn-d~~fi~e~a-t '(80'5)
dents may earn a minor in Travel Advisors for the Ed and Lynn 744-6226 for more information.
and Tourism Management along Hogan Program in Travel and
with a Bachelor's degree in their Tourism met to assess the Pro-
("Kugel" continued from page 1) ness of how travel can bring people Price, former Mayor of Bakersfield,
The Kugel was chosen by the Ho- together from all parts of the world who was instrumental in bringing
gans as a symbol of the emerging and also serve to remind people the Kugel to Bakersfield. City
global society and the impact of that travel and tourism is the great- Council woman, Sue Benham, as
travel on world peace and prosper- est peacetime economic engine that well as Pat DeMond and Bruce
ity. "We hope the Kugel will help the world has ever known," said Freeman of Castle and Cooke were
to create a greater sense of aware- Ed Hogan. "My wife Lynn and I, present. City Public Works direc-
and my daughter Chris, consider it tot, Arnold Ramming, was the MC
an honor to dedicate this beautiful for the ceremony and entertain-
and important sculpture to the citi- ment was provided by representa-
zens of Bakersfield. It will stand rives of the South Valley Sound
as a legacy to the travel and tour- Chorus, part of the international
ism industry which has given so women's singing group, "Sweet
much to the world." Adelines." Foundation representa-
tives, Christina Hunter and Dale
The Hogans feel an affinity for the Cowgill, also attended the event
citizens of Bakersfield since their that received local media coverage
decision to locate an office for in the Bakersfield area.
their Pleasant Holidays business in
Lynn, Chris and Ed Hogan the city a few years ago. Also at-
tending the ceremony were Bob
t Our World Volume 2, Issue 16
HOGAN ENTREPRENEURIAL LEADERSHIP STUDENTS TO BUILD HABITAT HOUSE
Twenty students from the new Gonzaga University Hogan on Feb. 24 and will participate again on April 7."
Entrepreneurial Leadership Program will take part in building
a Habitat for Humanity house from 8:30 a.m.-3:30 p.m., Satur- The Hogan Family Foundation sponsors the entrepreneurial
day, April 7, at the site located at 523 S. Haven St., in Spokane, leadership program at GU, a focused course of study for tal-
;Washington. Paul Bullet, Director of the program and the ented students majoring in business, engineering, and the arts
Kinsey M. Robinson Professor in the Gonzaga University and sciences. By nurturing future entrepreneurs, the Hogan
School of Business Administration, said there exists a popular family hopes to inspire in Gonzaga's students, and the business
notion that entrepreneurs do not care about the Common good world, the values of innovation, leadership and lifelong educa-
and are concerned only about amassing their own personal tion. For more information, call Anna Kleppert, the Hogan
fortune. "One of the goals of the Hogan Program is to dispel student coordinator of the event, at (509) 323-4915. More
:this common perception of entrepreneurs and to develop entre- information about the Hogan Entrepreneurial Leadership Pro-
preneurial leaders for the common good," Bullet said. "Our gram can be found at the website www.gonzagaentrepreneur.
Hogan students initiated this Habitat project and participated com.
("PenguinClassic" continuedfrompageThel) day was capped off with an ~~-~~~~~~~
emotiohal banquet and awards ~
ceremony celebrating the many he- Gardens of the World
roes of this worthy organization Remembrance Stones are Hot!
that provides charitable medical air~
transportation for Virginia and the ·
nation. The Hogan Family was
As the Foundation continues in its efforts to'
with the f'mst annual raise community awareness of the Gardens of
for.their the World within the W'esfli/lie
dedication and contribution to the O~,~_//Oaks Communities, the fundraising efforts are
mission of Angel Flight. During
the past year the Hogan Angel proving to be very successful. To date, we have
raised over $40,000 with the sale of personal-
Flight Program has donated more ized stones and garden bench dedications. .-~
than $325,000 in airline tickets and
transported over 350 patients and Th ff, t tm th th u f al
_~Q~ ee or con' ueswi eobjec'veo -
their
escorts.
The
Foundation
lowing the citizens of the area to feel like they
Angel Flight Bear serves as a safety net for the group,
delights AFA patient providing commercial air transpor- are a part of this very special place. The funds .
raised will be used to provide special programs
tation when there is no alternative, within the park following the Grand Opening
The evening also saluted several of the volunteer pilots who in early October of this year. The deadline
· donate their time and airplanes to assist with the transportation ~ for stones orders is May 15, so call now for ~
of th'ese in medical need and unable to afford the high cost of your personalized stone or bench.
travel.
Congressman Ed Schrock of Virginia was the guest speaker at ' ~' ~ ~:_i ~! ¢"~ ~ ~
the event and spoke eloqukntly about his commitment to ,~ i~~~
support the mission of AFA and bring the attention of the
federal government to the effort. Board Members of AFA~n~' ~'~
and Mercy Medical Airlift all attended banquet and gave their -'x~ ~ i~
financial support by bidding on a variety of auction items,
including a trip to Hawaii donated by Pleasant Holidays. The
effort to raise funds, as always, included the sale of the Angel ~Q[5~
Flight bears, an adorable stuffed pilot bear complete with gog- ~ Patron at Westlake Village street fair
gles and a leather flight jacket. The bears sell for $20 and are
available through the AFA web site, w ww.angelflightbears.org.
NON PROFIT ORG.
U.S. POSTAGE
PAID
Thousand Oaks, CA
Permit #858
The Hogan Family Foundation
2426 Townsgate Road, Suite 700
Westlake Village, CA 91361
Phone: (805) 744-6226 Fax~ (805)"744-6209
www.hoganfoundation.org
Mr. Alan ~Tandy
City Of Bakersfield
1501 Truxtun Ave
Bakersfield CA 93301-5201
lhh.,Ih,,Ihlh,,,,,Ihhh,,hllh,,,,,lllh~~~~
MAY =2
C!TY MANAGEW$ OFFICE
-. tiK to ti'Iii. Travel Did you know.
I ~,~l~-'~? ' ~~ "
The United States has vast landscapes, intere~fng site? O_.
and entertainment opportunities. It's no wonder why v~e~ ~ ..Acc0rding to the TIA's/atest-:
Americans .10ye to travel to other parts o'f the country. ~ '~ forecasts, total U.S. resident person-trips
However,
that's
just one piece of the puzzle. Travel .by _'~ are projected to reach nearly
foreigners to the Unit-ed States, particularly the.United ~
Kingdom, contributes greatly to our t0uris~m revenue, ff-~: ...Business travelTncreased 2.3
percent
According'the UK-Office of'National-Statistics 2000' 0~ during I YgY, while pleasure travel rose
Report, the United Stat~s is the flUmber destination f6r a::i O. 3 percent?
· ' ' 10ng-haul destinations, or non-Europe_an destinations,'
for British travelers. As'a matter of fact, 4.3 million Brit-
ish visitors came to the united States in 19~9. Mo~e ~then ...International travelers to the United
half visited for holiday purposes, xehile others'came tO ~n States totaled nearly 47. 0 million during
. visit friends and family. Other ~op travel destinatibns for I~ ! 999 ? This represented an increase of !.
UK residents include Africa and the Middle East, the .~ percent from ! 998.
Caribbean, Canada and-Australia/New Zealand.
While in the United States, the number one activity for - e~.. ...In 1999, U.S. resident traveler spending
~No~--toQBritish travelerS~uri~fising,tendS.~gn ~id_ei~_-g. t4h.et° be visiting tyPjcal-Bk4_tishtheme o~ amusementclimate.. ~~ increased ·increasean estimated 5. ! percent to
parks.' Other top activities include sightseeing-in dries, :~ $445.6 billion ?.
Gsitin historical sites, and enjoyin sun and water sorts
~g ........ g _ - _.p
-~i ... The forecast for_the 2000 report is ex-
Iri-i999 iilone, ~he:UK-travel masrk~t in. the;U.S.:g~ne~?ated' 'tJ: pected to even faster (+6.7%)?
ove~$5 _billibn i_n spending in-the u:s, with~approxi-~ .-
niately_77%_of British travelers ~S~ repeat visitors; the ~ ~ Information for UK tourism article and '~idyou
:~sfima~t~d oatconie for 2000 looks just as promising. - - 0 Know" obtained from www. tia. org**
_RECEIVED
B A K E R S F I E L D iI~A¥-IL~I]I]I
PUBLIC WORKS DEPARTMENT C~TY MANAGER'S OF~i
MEMORANDUM
TO: Alan Tandy, City Manager
FROM: (~acques LaRochelle, Interim Public Works Director
H
DATE: (j April 30, 2001
SUBJECT: PROPOSITION 218 REFUSE FEE HEARING NOTICE
Owners of single family homes, duplexes, triplexes, and fourplexes billed on the tax roll
will be mailed a notice of a public hearing to be held on June 13, 2001 to consider the
proposed increase in the refuse fee of 3.23%. The notices will be mailed via first class
postage, as required by law, on or before May 4, 2001.
The proposed increases are as follows:
Present Rate Proposed Increase
Single family homes $139.50/yr $144.00/yr $ 4.50/yr
Duplexes $252.48/yr $260.64/yr $ 8.16/yr
Triplexes $378.72/yr $390.96/yr $12.24/yr
Fourplexes $504.96/yr $521.28/yr $16.32/yr
The estimated number of first class notices that will be sent out are broken down as
follows:
Number of Owners
Single family 60,310
Duplexes 1,282
Triplexes 499
Fou rplexes 1,182
Total 63,273
Only the owners of record, as identified by the Kern County Assessor's Office, will
receive a notice, since they are the only ones the City is required to provide notice to.
In addition, the hearing will be posted in the Bakersfield Californian, which is also
required by law.
Mjh:\S:~RESIDENTIAL~P ROP218_00*01~Prop218.ATmemo
ALAN CHRISTENSEN
COUNTY OF KERN ASST. CiTY MANAGER
COUNTY ADMINISTRATIVE OFFIi
INFORMATION TECHNOLOGY SERVICES DI¥=l-$iO'l'q
1215 Truxtun Avenue 0 ] I:~-~2` P~,~ 2~ Janette D. Pel,, Manager
Bakersfield, California 93301 . ' ~ . ~ Information Technology Services
661-868-2000 Phone .,. Scott E. Jones
661-868-2100 Fax County Administrative Officer
800~735-2929 TTY Relay County Administrative Office
May 8, 2001
Board of Supervisors
County of Kem
1115 Truxtun Ave. "'
~-- Bakersfield, CA 93301
PROPOSED PROJECT FOR DEVELOPING AND MAINTAINING AN INTERNET
INFORMATION PORTAL FOR PUBLIC AGENCIES IN KERN COUNTY
BACKGROUND
On February 20, 2001, the Board approved the Memorandum of Understanding (MOU) for the Internet
Information and Technology Program. This MOLl is a partnership between the County of Kern, City. of
· Bakersfield, Kern Superintendent of Schools, and Kern Council of Governments. Additionally on that date,
the Board approved the issuance of a joint Request for Proposal (RFP) for the design of
with thePartnerS listed above. ' ·' .... -:" ...... "':" .... ~'::'~'??'~'?'~"~-~:?~??.'!' ~''.
The key elements of the MOU are: 1) mutual interest in developing andmaintaining an Intemet information ....
and technology program for public agencies in Kern County; 2) development of a program that will benefit
the citizens of Kern County by improving the efficiency of local government and enhancing the economic
competitiveness of the region; 3) recognition that public agencies maintain diverse information data bases
providing varying public services and that the citizens of Kern County can benefit from a coordinated
Internet program; 4) recognition that each agency has individually developed separate Internet sites for
public access; and 5) confirmation of the mutual objective of the partners to develop a program that improves '
and enhances local agency services offered to the citizens of Kern County.
The RFP for the Internet Portal was issued on February 21, 2001. A pre-proposal meeting was held on
March 9, 2001. Due to the volume of questions during this meeting, the Portal committee realized an
addendum to the RFP clarifying the scope of work and provider experience requirements was necessary. The
addendum modified the scope of work into phases so Providers could cost the project based on components.
Since there was no predefined budget for this project, the committee believed a phased approach would
provide some flexibility to the Portal implementation if budget became an issue.
R F RRAL
At the March 19, 2001 joint Board of Supervisors/Bakersfield City Council·meeting, a letter was delivered to
the City and County expressing concerns regarding the RFP process for the Portal project. ;A r~ferral was
made to the City Attorney, County Counsel, and City and County staff to issue a joint response to the
concerns expressed relative to commercial advertising. This project has been on hold since this date awaiting
staff response. The addendum has been drafted, RFP modified, and all pre-proposal questions have been
answered but none of this information has been issued to the Providers.
RESPONSE
Both the City Attorney and County Counsel have concluded that the Government Code does not preclude
either the City or County from placing advertising and commercial links on a web site (Attachm.e..nt A and B).
Thus this issue is a policy issue, not a legal one. The problem with opening up the Portal to include
commercial links, is that it would have to be made available to all interested advertisers and the Agencies
would not be able to legally exert any control over questionable or inappropriate content. Even though
advertising and commercial links are legal, it is recommended that a cautious approach be instituted for the
Kern Government Services Internet Portal regarding their use. The Internet is relatively new and many of
these legal issues have yet to be resolved. It is recommended that the City Attorney and County Counsel
continue to monitor the legal issues and opinions regarding advertising and commercial link usage on the
Internet.
CONSIDERATIONS
Several developments have occurred since the Kern Government Services Internet Portal Request For
Information (issued September 28, 2000) and the Request for Proposal (issued February 21,2001) were
developed and released.
County staff has received training in Web development. County staff have successfully redesigned and
implemented a new County home page. It is more service oriented, easier to navigate, and presents a
more professional look and feel. Additionally, several online applications have been developed: 1)
Online Job Application - allows potential employees the ability to fill out and submit job applications
online; 2) Event Calendar - provides the public with a list of countywide eventS. ~'Information includes:
dates, times, detail information, locations, links to event related sites, direCtions~:and ~ps'~i'the event;-:
3) Capital and Major. Maintenance Project.TraCMng System -:alloWS "C6~;~Bqfi~ifi~i:bj ~ct 71!75!
information with budgets exceeding $10,000 for the following project cate~isries!',~'~5~ biiilding,' .... ..'
parking lot, curb and gutter, demolition, drainage and flood, Park'and ian~lseiiP¢}:"and roads. The public
can wew projects by status, supervisorial district, and/or responsible department; and 4) Emergency
Medical Services System - allows the County to monitor the activity and staffing levels of each of the
county's five hospital emergency departments in order to efficiently direct emergency vehicles. Hospital
staff enter a variety of information online. This information is processed and made available
immediately to the County and other users of the system.
City staff and staff from the Superintendent of Schools have also been exhibiting their skills in Internet
development. '
When the Portal RFP was released, no agency had a predefined budget for this project. In light of the
energy %risis and the County's serious budget problems, funding for this project has come into jeopardy.
PROPOSED ALTERNATIVE
The Portal Committee is recommending that the first phase of the Kern Government Services Internet
Portal be developed with in-house staff. The initial phase would consist of:
1) a search engine that would regularly crawl the Web sites of the 4 respective agencies and build an
index of every word on every page on each agency's site. The indexing would assign high_e_r r. glevance to
words that were identified as "keywords".
2) a front-end Portal site that would include:
a) a search function that would allow users to enter keywords and search across all 4 agencies.
Results would be displayed in order by relevance.
b) pages organized by categories/services (rather than by organizational structure) so that a user
could choose a category/service and display relevant pages from any of the 4 agencies.
This phase will require 2 FTE's (1 County staff and 1 City staff) part-time for 3 weeks, appro/[]mately
$2000 annually for the search engine, and $100 annually for the web site address. The web site address
· would be KERNGOV (.org, .com, .gov). The City and Kern County have adequate equipment to host the
Portal. The Portal would serve as a single Internet location where the public can go to get services and
information from the participating agencies. This alternative would satisfy the immediate desire for a
government Portal and provide the Portal committee the opportunity to receive feedback from the
citizens of Kern County. A new RFP can be issued with a clearer definition of what the citizens want in
order to expand the Portal in the future.
CANCELLATION OF RFP
Because funding could very well become an issue with this project moving forward, the Po~-tal
committee recommends canceling the RFP at this time and proceeding with in-house development using
existing staff. Vendors spend a considerable amount of time and money responding to RFP's. Ail parties
involved would be better served by discontinuing this process now. We realize that many vendors have
already invested time into responding to this RFP. However, we believe a prudent course of action
would be to suspend the RFP process and proceed with the initial phase &the portal project and not
move forward now but wait until the fiscal climate improves.
Therefore, IT IS RECOMMENDED that your Board approve the concept of the County of Kern, City of
Bakersfield, Superintendent of Schools and Kern Council of Governments developing the initial phase of the ·
. Kern Government.Internet'Portal with in-house staff; cancel the Kern Government Services Internet
ReqiieSt For' Pr6~'Sai;'reeeive and file legal opinions regarding Advertising and Commercial Links oh
Internet Portal Web Site from the City Attorney and County Counsel.
Sincerely yours,
Janette D. Pell, Director
Attachments
cc: County Administrative Officer
County Counsel
City Council
City Attorney
Kern Council of GOvernments
Superintendent of Schools
· G:~B o ard_ltrs~Bd_ltrs-2001 \porte050801 .doc
Attachment "A"
CITY ATTORNEY
Bari. J. Thiltgen
ASSISTANT CITY ATTORNEY
Robert M. Shcrfy
DEPUTY CITY ATTORNEYS
Alan D. Dan/el
Allen M. Shaw
Walter H. Pon-, Jr.
Michael G. Allford
Cad Hemandezln CITY OF BAKERSFIELD
Janice Scanlan
V'~ginia Genna~o OFFICEOFTIIECITYATI'ORNEY .' ::
Andrew C. Thomson 1501 TRUXT[JN AVENUE
BAKERSFIELD, CA 93301
Lod A. Aguilar TELEPHONE: 661-326-3721
FACSIMILE: 661-852-2020
April 4, 2001
Kirk Perkins, Deputy County Counsel
Kern County Counsel
1115 Truxtun Avenue, 4t~ Floor :'
Bakersfield, California 93301
RE: Internet Portal
Dear Mr. Perkins:
' 'En'~!6~ h~i:~ith',~: Please*'fi:nd]ifi':!i!~/i!~f?~hleiM~'~andu~iwiqibh~ 0ur,0ffi~i!i~
remren~a.,maa~r: :a !s m~un~e~tanmng mat ~un~:!~':amgmg:g lmm ~ver,,me~o. ~:.
which Will include the'memo"from the'"~fino: ~ufiseIFa~'~ll as thi~m~m0 ~fi~bfic~':"0"~' :~:e:'::;[~;~
Should you.have any questions ~n~ming the foregoing, please do not hesitate to
contact me at your convenience.
i
Ve~ truly yours,
W Cit~
.
Depu
WHP:alj
Enclosure
cc: w/encls.
Alan Ghdstensen, Assistant City Manager
Bob Trammell, MIS Director
S:~COU~lL~effem~Pe~l~.lnte ~etPodalMemo.~ -
i
Q MEMORANDUM
April 4, 2001
TO: HONORABLE MAYOR AND CITY COUNCIL MEMBERS
FROM: BART J. THILTGEN, CITY ATTORNEY A~OR
wALTER H. PORR, JR., DEPUTY CITY NEY
Subject: INTERNET PORTAL
COUNCIL REFERRAL NO. WF0018787 ! 001 (WARD 4)
Council Member Couch requested staff work with County Counsel regarding the
issue of commercial sites on the internet portal and file a joint report
.' As per the` request Of Council Member Couch,.we haVe metwith representatives::of~.~;;~.?.:.~i?:~i:ii:~,:~.:
,.i the Coun[y,.including the. CouniY CoUnsel's .,Office;~:ab~;~i~ii~'~i:~il.~i'R~
~.! ......... analYsis' s~t fqrth ::h'er...e. in;'~.wh, lie i~based ,upo ndifferenti'st~~(j~6~i~~~~i~~
reaches the same conclus~on'reached b the Court Staffbas~u on-the? .........
At the outset, we would observe that the City's involvement in commercial.
advertising can be cbntemplated in two forms. The first form is the City's direct advertising
of itself in the market place. The second form is the City's activity in the market place aS
a potential source through which others might advertise~
As to the first, Government Code sections 40100, et seq, allow 'the City to
"appropriate a sum for a city publicity or advertising fund." The City Charter likewise
provides for advertising activity. City Charterl section 13 states:
The City may appropriate money for any or all of the following
purposes: reception and entertainment of public guests,
assistance of public celebrations held by the City, largely to
aide or carry on the work of inducing immigration to the City;
and generally, for the purpose of advertisinq the City..
(Emphasis added.)
Thus, the City may directly engage in advertising itself in the market place.
S:~CO U NCIL\Re ferrals\lntemetPortal.~:l
HONORABLE MAYOR AND CITY COUNCIL MEMBERS
April 4, 2001
Page 2
As to the second form, there are no Government Code, or other Code,..,orovisions
which speak to this issue. However, under the extremely broad grant of privileges and
powers found in Article 3, Section 12.of the City Charter, it seems clear that the City has
the ability to cont"act with those engaged in advertising [heir businesses to provide for such
advertising through City resources.
However, it must be noted thai should the City engage 'in the provision of
commercial advertising on.City property (i.e., on a City-owned or controlled website), that
any such provision would have ..to be open to the public in general.and on the same terms
_. and Conditions. In other words, because the City would be engaged in a Governmental
· function, observation, of First Amendment, Due Process and Equal pr'Otection guarantees
would be required.
. Thus, if the internet portal is deemed to be City and/or County property or to be
controlled by the City. and/or County, then the opening up of the portal to commercial
advertisers would have to be even-handed. Legally, the City COuld not refuse some
commercial advertisements while accepting others on the basis of content of the
message/businessbeing advertised. In other words, the City could not refuse to allow
advertisements of an adult-related business and/or re~tdct advertisements t°. Only certain'.:.,: ,:il.
':~' ~r' types of businesses'if[tallowed anv,buSinessto- ' ' rfi_~"'~; .'::; ~: ~." ;':'-:~.~g~' .:~;~ ~.-';'--: ~'-',~ ~.
BJT/WHP:alj
cc: Alan Tandy, City Manager
S:~COU NCIL~Re ferrals\lntemetPodal.wpd
Attachment "B"
OFFICE OF COUNTY COUNSEL
COUNTY OF KERN
MEMORANDUM
B. C. Barmann, Sr. Kirk B. Peri, ins, Deputy
County Counsel General Government Section
CONFIDENTIAL
ATTORNEY-CLIENT
COMMUNICATION
TO: Members, Board of Supervisors
FROM: B.C. Barmann, County'Counsel/
By Kirk B. Perkins, Deputy /~ ~'"- ---
DATE: May 8, 2001
SUBJECT: Advertising and Commercial Links on Internet Portal Web Site
On March 19 at the Joint Special Meeting, your Board referred to our office the
question of whether it is legal .for the County to allow advertising or links to commercial
.~,,:. ~:i,~;:?sites on.the InternetPortal ;web~Site..which:iis currently being proposed for..joint.,:~:-~::?~,~
'devel°pment bY the. C'°u'n~;'ti~'~"(~i~:'~f B~kersfield,' the Kern CounCil of Governmbnts- ,.
and the Superintendent of Schools.
CONCLUSION
Sections 26100 et seq. of the Government Code allow counties to engage in
advertising activities intended to promote the county and its resources, and to sell
advertising space on county property. It is, therefore, our opinion that the County may
legally advertise and use links to commercial sites on a County owned or controlled
web site such as the proposed Internet portal. However, prior to taking any such
actions, your Board should adopt an ordinance providing for and regulating such an
activity as required by Government Code section 26109.
DISCUSSION
California Government Code sections 26100 - 26110, title 3, division 2, part 2, chapter
11 addresses the issue of advertising by counties. These sections allow coUnties to
levy special taxes and expend funds to promote the county and advertise the facilities,
activities and resources available to the public within the county.
Government Code section 26109 permits a board of supervisors "by ordinance" to
"provide for and regulate the sale of advertising space on county real or personal
property, for the sole purpose of raising revenue for the county." In addition,
Government Code section 26110 allows a board of supervisors "by ordinance" to
"provide for the ... commercial uses of county property," including "[t]he licensing, for a
fee or other consideration, of the private commercial use of a county name, logo, or
other intellectual property," provided the board has first consulted with a "licensing
agent" to "develop a viable marketing plan." The complete texts of these sections are
attached.
It is our understanding that the County, along with the other three agencies involved in
the project, will own the portal web site. We believe that allowing advertising or
commercial links on the portal web site would constitute a "sale of advertising space on
county real or personal property" under section 26109. Section 26109 was enacted in
1982, before the advent of the Internet, but it is our opinion that the phrase "real or
personal property" was intended to be read very broadly and that a web site comes
within the definition of "personal property". If the section applies, then it req-uires an
ordinance providing for and regulating the sale of such advertising.
Section 26109 by its terms applies to the sale of advertising "for the sole purpose of
raising revenue for the county." The issue raised by eGovEdge involves a link to the
Bakersfield.com site. Allowing such a link would not have as its "sole" (or even
primary) purpose the raising of revenue for the County. Therefore, it could be argued
that this takes the use of Sucha hyperlink~Outside the scope of' section :26109.
However, because there is no'CaseilaW'Or~Other~authoritY.'On thisiS~uel, our ?. ...... -:.~.
recommendation':W°Uldlb~ thatiif~thleiii~o°cii~tY.:i~ere!;going~'~.t0?all°~!~d~rtiSing~b'r
commercial iink§"ibn its'W~b'~i{~i!:~'h~e~:';Bb'~i~i6f SUl~rVisors~..~hObld ::.~'~'~t :ari~, ~di'nance'
permitting the sale='0r:use 0f'h~p'~tlinks'0d Cob'nty web sites: BY sO d0in{i;~. there wOuld
be no question as to the propriety of the use of such a hyperlink.
We must also ask the question of whether or not the sale or use of hyperlinks on a
County web site constitutes a "commercial use of county property" under Government
Code section 26110. Section 26110(b)(1) provides that a county board of supervisors
"may, by ordinance, provide" for the "commercial uses" of county property, including the
"licensing, for a fee or other consideration, of the private commercial use of a county
name, logo, or other intellectual property" only after developing a marketing plan. It
could be argued that selling or allowing the use of hyperlinks on a County web site
constitutes the "licensing" for "commercial use" of "intellectual property" (i.e., the web
site itself). If so, then the County would be required to first develop a marketing plan
under section 26110(a).
Our view is that section 26110(b)(1) does not apply to business hyperlinks on a web
site. The County would not be giving businesses a license to use the entire Web site
for their own purposes; rather, the hyperlinks simply form a part of the web site. As
noted above, the sale or use of hyperlinks is more analogous to advertising-bd,~ounty
property, and is completely unlike the other licensing arrangements contemplated by
section 26110(b)(1).
2
Government Code section 26110(b)(2) permits "[t]he donation of facilities ...,
messages, or broadcasts which publicize acknowledgment of a sponsor's financial
assistance," provided the "marketing plan" provisions of section 26110(a) have been
followed. Permitting a business to have a hyperlink on aCounty web site comes close
to falling within this provision in that it is possible to argue that it would be the provision
of "facilities, messages, or broadcasts" that publicize a sponsor. However, in our
instance the web site will not "publicize acknowledgment" of any "financial assistance."
For this reason, we believe the section does not apply.
In addition to the legal issues discussed above, there is also a very difficult policy issue
involved. If the County allows even one private commercial enterprise to advertise or
include a link on a County web site, there will undoubtedly be requests from others to
also advertise and/or include links to their sites. Drafting a policy which treats
everyone fairly and even-handedly, and still gives the County discretion in deciding
whom it will allow to advertise on its site will be a challenge. There are also possible
_:- constitutional first amendment issues that could arise once the County begins allowing
commercial advertising in that the County may not legally control the conten~ of such
advertising, unless proscribed by the Penal Code or other laws. The County has
historically resisted allowing any commercial advertising on County property in large
part because of these difficult policy and first amendment issues.
In conclusion, it is our opinion that Government Code sections 26100 et seq. do
authorize the County the allow advertising on a County web site. However, prior to
taking any such actions, the Board of Supervisors should adopt an ordinance providing
.i for and regulating such an activity as required by Government Code section 26109.
KBP:kbp
fl62508
01.1010
cc20011669
cc: Janette Pell, Director
Information Technology Services
3
B A K E R S F I E L-D
May 3, 2001 Alan Tandy · City Manager
Michael W. Ki'anyak
F.K.M. Associates, LLC
5400 Rosedale Highway
Bakersfield, CA 93308
Dear Mr. Kranyak;
We are pleased that you are interested in discussing annexation to the City of Bakersfield. We know there
are numerous advantages to your property being in the City limits. The following are highlighted service
advantages that would impact your property if you were to annex:
1. Street Improvements - Improvements on Mohawk Street and Rosedale Highway would be necessary
for your development. We estimate the cost to be about $1,500,000. With City Council approval,
City staff would recommend fronting the cost of improvement and construct them as a City capital
project. The transportation impact fees generated by your development, paid in full by you at a later
date, would reimburse us for a portion of the cost.
2. Sewer Service - The City would be willing to pay, upon City Council approval, to construct a trunk
line extension to the north side of Rosedale Highway. This improvement is estimated at $75,000.
The remaining cost of sewer improvements would be the responsibility of the owner/developer.
3. Water Improvements - The City would consider installing a water main on Rosedale Highway from
the railroad tracks to Mohawk Street at our cost. Again, the construction contract for the
improvements would first need to be approved by the City Council. The property owner would install
the remaining water system, excluding water wells, and the City would issue a main line refund
contract, less the cost for fire flow facilities. The refund contract would extend for 40 years at zero
interest.' All other water fees would remain intact.
4. Street Lights - The cost street light operations and maintenance are absorbed by they City. If
developing in the unincorporated county, lighting district assessments would be required.
The above mentioned benefits along with-other advantages would obviously provide added value to your
property, and City staff would recommend the financial incentives to the City Council. We look forward to
further pursing the possibilities. Perhaps a meeting with City staff would be helpful. Please give me a call
at (661) 326-3751 if you have any questions or would like to arrange a meeting.
Sincerely,
ALAN CHRISTENSEN
Assistant City Manager
cc: Alan Tandy, City Manager
Jack Hardisty, Development Services Director
Gene Bogart, Water Resources Manager
Jack LaRochelle, Interim Public Works Director
City of Bakersfield · City Manager's Office ° 1501 Truxtun Avenue
Bakersfield · California · 93301
(661) 326-3751 · Fax (661) 852-2050
'~'Ow
- 3 200t
B A K E R S F I E L D ~c:"r¥.~,,-., ........
PUBLIC WORKS DEPARTMENT
TO: ^/ALAN TANDY, CITY MANAGER .
...../~ f/~J~CQUES R. LaROCHELLE,
FROM:,,~. INTERIM PUBLIC WORKS DIRECTOR
DATE: t.,/ April 30, 2001
SUBJECT: Median Island Enhancement Projects
Street Maintenance Projects
At the City Council meeting March 28th, Council voted additional appropriations for
median enhancement and road maintenance projects.
Staff is recommending that the following median islands be enhanced with these
additional funds:
1 .) Stockdale Highway from Ashe Road to 1000 feet west of California Avenue (Ward 5)
2.) White Lane from Wilson Road to Stine Road (Ward 6)
3.) South H Street from Ming Avenue to La France Street (Ward 7)
4.) Columbus from Panorama Drive to Christmas Tree Lane (Ward 3)
The curbing for the median islands for numbers 1 .) And 2.) above is being
reconstructed this Summer with Federal funds as part of an intersection
widening/resurfacing project through KernCOG. These Federal funds may currently be
used only for roadway maintenance and improvements; median island enhancement is
not an allowed expenditure.
For the road maintenance funds, staff recommends utilizing these funds for work on
local streets throughout the City utilizing cape and chip seals to extend the amount of
streets that could be included in the project. The' attached listing shows streets that are
currently proposed for sealing based on the Pavement Management System and
observations of Streets Division personnel. The column displaying "dig outs" indicates
streets that require additional reConstructive work in small isolated areas prior to
sealing. :.
cc: Theodore D. Wright, Civil Engineer IV
S:\TE D~2001memo\04300 la5.wpd
Street Limits Ward
From: To:
T Street 1st 2nd 1 dig outs
Kern Street Pamela East End 1
Lois Lane S.Union Pamela 1
Pamela St Lois Ln Pacheco 1
Arena Way Cantleberry. East End 1
Cantleberry Lane Belle Terrace North End 1
'N' Street California ~,ve 4th 1
'T' Street California Ave 4th 1
Sunset Ave 'C' St Oak St 1
R St 23rd 24th 2
V Street 3rd Bill 2
Valleyview Eastview Incline 3
Fairway St Andrews Greenfair 3 dig outs
Fai~ Oaks Oak Tree Royal Oak · 3 dig outs
Del Monte Hinsdale Ridgemoor 3
Camino Del Oeste Kroll Way Las Cruces 5
Capella Court West End Edmonton .. 5
Via Carisma De Colores Las Cruces 5
Camino Del Oeste El Verano Calle Espada 5
Calle Hija Ming North End 5
Calle Corta West End East End 5
Calle Castana Calle Nobleza North End 5
Westdumfries Glenellen East End 5
Pheasant Quailwood Sad~lleback 5
Hasti-Acres Emerson Winners 5
Glencliffe Eastlome . Shetland 5
Las Cruces El Tovar Montalvo , 5
Las Cruces Camino Del Oeste Puerta Oeste 5
QuailwOod Quailridge, .. Skeet 5
Redwing Quailwood Saddleback 5
Dovewood White Alum 6 dig outs
Cibola Cibola Court Jerome 6
Curry Court South End Ginger 6
Durrwood Durrwood Lane Dayton 6
Hachita Wilcox East End 6
Socorro Jerome Lily 6
Osborne Russell Fairview 7 dig outs
Marcy Fairview Faith 7 dig outs
Lenz Court Russell WestEnd 7 dig outs
Patti Court West End Hughes Lane " 7 dig outs
Teal Hughes El Alisal 7 dig outs
Tricia West End Hughes Lane 7 dig outs
Evelyn Ivan Merrimac 7
El Potrero South End White 7 dig outs
Debby Faith Faxon 7 dig outs
Bryn Mawr Drive Acacia Radcliffe 2,3
S:\TED\2001 sprd\sealstreets2.wb3
MEMORANDUM
May 1,2001
TO: HONORABLE MAYOR AND CITY COUNCIL MEMBERS
FROM: JACK HARDISTY, DEVELOPMENT SERVICES DIRECt,,.
SUBJECT: WARD POPULATIONS
At the last City Council meeting, I was asked if we have census counts for the
wards. We have received enough information to determine the 2000 populations of
each of the wards. It has not yet been rendered to precincts. I can report this much to
you, the City's total population was 247,057. Removing Palm/Olive's population of
3,259 would give us a population of 243,790. The optimum population of each ward
would be 34,828. The census indicates the following ward populations:
Ward Population
1 33,210
2 34,671
3 31,061.
4 34,414
5 31,764
6 38,456
7 40,222
We expect to receive the state's population estimate sometime in early May.
When that arrives we will use it to update the ward populations.
Staff is updating the ward reapportionment computer program. I expect we
would be able to start working on reapportionment by the middle of June.
JH:pah RECE~V~-.D
cc: Alan Tandy, City Manager p:~corres~, ~,~ , 2001
CITY MANAGER'S
MEMORANDUM
May 4, 2001
TO: Alan Tandy, City Manager
FROM: Randy Fidler, Chief Code Enforcement Officer~,,~~
SUBJECT: Restaurant Fire at Northwest Comer of Calloway and Meacham
The Old House Restaurant which was under construction and progressing very slowly, has burned
to the point where it might not be economically feasible for rehabilitation. I am having the owner
install a fence around the property for the protection of the residents in the area.
I know the residents were not happy about the time frame of the project and had already voiced their
concerns with their council member. I was beginning to address this issue when the fire occurred.
The fire will probably make matters worse and I have talked to Dennis about the possibility of a
summary abatement. We have been in contact with the owner and he is waiting for information from
the insurance company. This can sometimes be a problem if the arson investigator believes arson
is involved. I will let you know how it is progressing.
BAKERSFIELD
CITY MANAGER'S OFFICE
MEMORANDUM
May 4~ 2001
TO: Alan Tandy, City Manager
FROM: John W. Stins~ssistant City Manager
SUBJECT: Electrical Energy Task Force Update
The Electrical Energy Task Force met this week and shared information from recent meetings
attended by staff. Assignments were made to collect information regarding baseline usage and to
obtain information from other cities such as San Diego and Riverside regarding municipal
electrical utilities and electrical energy options. Copies of materials from the American Public
Power Association meeting have been distributed to the task force members.
Research into several power generation technologies which can be used to generate power for our
own electrical loads are being researched and will be looked into by the task force.
A meeting of the task force has been set for next Tuesday at 9:00 a.m. in the Risk Management
Conference Room with Mary Jane Wilson to explore various electrical oppommities available to
the city.
Attached are several documents regarding the formation of a public power utility, which provide
some background information. Additional materials regarding this topic are being copied and
will be sent to the Council next week.
S:'~IOHI~I Meano Templa~.wpd
WALLACE L. DUNCAN
DUNCAN, WEINBERG, GENZER & PEMBROKE, P.C.
The Steps In Forming a Public Power Utility:
Study, Strategy, Implementation
AMERICAN PUBLIC POWER ASSOCIATION
CONFERENCE ON
TAKING CHARGE: COMMUNITY OPTIONS
TO PROTECT ELECTRIC CONSUMERS
COSPONSORED BY
THE CONSUMER FEDERATION OF AMERICA
THE LEAGUE OF CALIFORNIA CITIES
AND. THE
CALIFORNIA MUNICIPAL UTILITIES ASSOCIATION
April 23-24, 2001
Sacramento Hilton-Arden West
Sacramento, California
The Steps In Forming a Public Power Utility:
Study, Strategy. Implementation
by
Wallace L. Duncan
Duncan, Weinberg, Genzer & Pembroke, P.C.
Obviously, based upon the impressive turnout at this conference and others I have
attended in other parts of the Country, there is enormous interest in and curiosity about public
power and about the municipalization of utility facilities in communities throughout the United
States. The focus of this Conference is to identify various ways in which a community and the
responsible public officials in that community can protect electric consumers in this period of
widespread change in the electric power industry.
This panel will focus on one of the options open to responsible public officials to
protect electric consumers in the community -- the establishment of a municipally-owned electric
utility and the construction or acquisition of the electric facilities necessary to serve the
community. Of all of the options open to a community to protect electric consumers, the
formation and establishment of a municipal utility is the most direct, the most drastic, the most
expensive, the most controversial and possibly the most challenging option available. For the
most part, the more than 2000 existing municipal systems in the United States, including those
few that have been formed in the last twenty years, are tremendously successful. Operating on a
not-for-profit basis with access to preference power and the availability of low cost municipal
bond financing, publicly-owned systems, as a rule, provide reliable and efficient service at rates
which are dramatically lower than those offered by their investor-owned counterparts.
Given the track record of publicly-owned electric systems and the obvious
advantages to electric consumers located in municipal electric service areas, we must ask the
obvious question: Why are so few new municipal electric utilities formed? In 1996, Coopers &
Lybrand performed a comPrehensive study of electric municipalization and published its findings
which showed that, despite the incentives for municipalization provided by the Energy Policy Act
of 1992 and implementation of the Federal Energy Regulatory Commission's Open Access
Transmission Policy, only two new municipal utilities have been formed since 1992 (Broken Bow,
Oklahoma and Bozruh, Connecticut. The Coopers & Lybrand study examined dozens of current
or past efforts at municipalization and documented the defeat of many of those proposals.
Municipalization efforts in New York State demonstrate that, while interest in
municipalization is abundant and strong, few communities ever succeed in their effort to
municipalize their local electric systems. Our Firm has performed a dozen leghl feasibility studies
/'or communities in New York State and for the County of Westchester. And, there are currently
twenty-four active municipalization efforts in progress in New York alone. Yet, in the past 50
years, despite the availability of low-cost preference power from the Niagara Power Project and
the existence of favorable State laws governing the subjects of municipalization and
condemnation, only two communities have succeeded in forming new publicly-owned systems. In
1977, the City of Sherrill, New York, acquired the electric distribution system of Sherrill-
Kenwood Power and Light, negotiated an interconnection agreement with Niagara Mohawk
Power Corporation and secured an allocation of preference power from the Power Authority of
the State of New York to serve its entire load and immediately decreased its electric rates by over
20%. Today, Sherrill's rates are almost half the rates paid by neighboring consumers who' are
served by Niagara Mohawk.
The Town of Massena, New York (frequently the Poster Child for public power
formation), successfully condemned the electric distribution system of Niagara Mohawk in
Massena and three neighboring communities and commenced operations in 1981. It took
Massena ten years and almost three million in litigation costs before it succeeded. But today,
aided by a generous allocation of Niagara Project power from the New York Power Authority,
Massena sells power to its 15,000 constituents at rates that are less, by almost half, than those
offered by Niagara Mohawk Power Corporation in neighboring communities.
Given the enormous success of those communities that have succeeded at
municipalization, one would think that more communities would follow the example. History
teaches, however, that this simply has not happened and the defeat or failure of many other
attempts tends to show why so few communities ever succeed in forming a new municipal utility.
Having been through the municipalization process a dozen times or more,
including the successful efforts by Sherrill and Massena, New York, I feel strongly that the
success or failure of the effort depends heavily on the understanding, by responsible public
officials, of the'entire process of municipalization and a full understanding of the legal, financial
and economic consequences and opportunities inherent in the takeover of the electric system in
the community. In the final analysis, it will be the understanding, by responsible public officials,
of the process and a strong commitment to follow through with each step in the municipalization
process if the municipalization project is to succeed. Cathy Fogel, Gene Carton and I are here to
work you through the steps toward municipalization and give you a broad overview of the
process and some observations on the pitfalls which have led to the failure of past efforts at
municipalization.
Plantine the Seek
The impetus for municipalization may come from several sources. In most cases,
the idea is generated by a proactive Mayor, City Counsel or Town Board looking for constructive
ways to enhance and improve the community or bring economic benefits to the constituency.
Frequently, the initial interest is sponsored by individuals, special interest groups or by grass roots
organizations within the community which petitions or urge local officials to conduct an
investigation o£the alternatives for essential public services, including public utility service. In
New York, the availability of low cost preference power initially sparked interest in
municipalization. In Massena, for example, a grass roots effort led, ironically, by the local
chapter of the International Brotherhood of Electric Workers, led the Massena Village and Town
Boards to conduct a feasibility study on municipalization. In California, the current spate of
interest in municipalization stems from the quantum increases in the electric rates of the three
investor-owned utilities, their failure to plan and build adequate resources, the failing reliability of
power supply, an ill-conceived electric industry restructuring plan, and the recent bankruptcy of
Pacific Gas and Electric Company and financial plight o£both Southern California Edison and San
Diego Gas & Electric Company. I am personally aware of over thirty communities in California
which are currently in the process of examining alternatives, including some form of
municipalization..
The Feasibility Study
Irrespective of how the matter of municipalization becomes an issue in the
community, it is incumbent on responsible public officials to address the matter expeditiously and
with the assistance of qualified professional consultants to guide the community through the
municipalization thicket. I am firmly of the view that the success or failure of a municipalization
effort will hinge to a great extent, on the strength or weakness of the initial feasibility study.
If responsible public officials decide to proceed with an investigation of municipal
utility ownership, they should immediately seek the necessary authorization and funding for a
comprehensive feasibility study. Since municipalization is an interdisciplinary effort, we would
strongly recommend that the feasibility study include the study of the engineering, legal and
financial aspects of municipalization and that, if the engineering, legal and financial studies are
separately commissioned and authorized, that they be conducted in the same time frame and that
adequate provision is made to ensure that the community's engineering, legal and financial
Consultants consult and work closely with one another and that they coordinate the preparation of
their findings and conclusions.
Although we strongly recommend that the feasibility study include engineering,
· legal and financial considerations in a single document, I have set forth the basic requirements for
each aspect of the study separately.
A. Engineering Study
The engineering study should be conducted and prepared by a qualified electric
engineering firm, preferable one that is fully familiar with the utility facilities and operatiOn of the
incumbent utility. Since the engineering firm will likely be called upon to furnish expert witnesses
and qualified appraisers to assist and testify in any subsequent regulatory or condemnation
proceedings, the selection of the engineering consultant should be made with this requirement in
mind. At a minimum, the engineering study should include a full analysis of the following subjects:
1. Identification of facilities to be acquired or constructed as part of the
- establishment of a new municipal electric utility
This portion of the engineering study will identify the existing facilities of the
incumbent utility which must be acquired by negotiation or purchase. A full inventorY of the
existing system should be included, together with the best information available as to the
depreciated net book value of the facilities on the books of the incumbent utility. To a large
extent, these records are publicly available from the local tax records or from the State public
utilties commission and Federal Energy Regulatory Commission. Since the incumbent utility's net
book value of its facilities will be an important factor in the acquisition or condemnation of
facilities, it is essential that these records be complete and fully analyzed in the engineering study.
2. Reconfiguration of the system
The engineering consultant must determine and study the alternatives for severing
the distribution system to be acquired from the incumbent utility and provides an identification of
points of interconnection with the existing transmission grid. As part of this analysis, the
engineering consultant should determine whether there are alternatives for interconnecting the
new system with alternative resources or suppliers and establishing a transmission path which
avoids the use of the transmission system of the incumbent utility. If the new system can be
severed from the incumbent utility and interconnected with alternative transmission facilities, the
new municipal system may be able to avoid the payment of large amounts of stranded costs, at
least under the FERC's stranded cost regulations. The engineering consultant must also identify
how power will be metered and delivered at points of interconnection with other utilities and
what substation and protective devices must be installed at the points ofinterconnection.
3. Power supply
The engineering study should include a comprehensive study of the power supply
alternatives available, both short-term and long-term, to the new municipal system. The
availability of adequate supplies of electric power at competitive rates is essential to determining
whether the project is economically feasible. With the FERC's Open-Access Transmission Policy,
a new municipality may look to power suppliers in a broad geographical area in determining both
short-term and long-term power supply opportunities. While access to transmission is now
generally available under Federal law, the price of transmission must be examined and studied by
the engineering consultant in determining the total delivered cost of available resources. As part
of this study, the engineering consultant should also identify whether there is any preference
power available from Federally-owned or licensed hydroelectric facilities. The engineering study
should include an estimate of the cost of power supply and transmission for at least a ten year
15eriod and a projection of the rates which, must be charged by the new municipal system to cover
its embedded costs, operating costs and power supply costs. The resulting rate must then be
compared with the existing and projected rates offered by the incumbent utility.
4. Appraisal report
An essential part of the engineering study will be a qualified appraisal of the
facilities to be acquired or built by the new municipal system in establishing its utility. As
discussed below, the appraisal and estimate of the cost of acquisition is based on a complex set of
assumptions which must be assessed and applied by a qualified appraiser. Since the condemnation
laws do not prescribe the methodology for determining just compensation (see discussion below),
the appraiser must use a number of different appraisal methods or techniques to arrive at a reliable
estimate of the value of the facilities to be acquired or built. In the case of new facilities to be
built by the new municipal, the engineering consultant must determine the projected costs of
construction. In the case of existing facilities to be acquired by purchase or condemnation, the
appraiser must start with the original cost-less depreciation of the facilities per the incumbent
utility's books. This will establish the minimum values to the incumbent utility. The appraiser
must then apply other appraisal methodologies, including an examination of comparable sales (if
any), the application of capitalization of earnings tests, a determination of the "going concern"
value, and value of the facilities based on a Reproduction Cost New-less deprecation ("RCNL")
method. Generally, the application of the RCNL method will provide the highest value of the
facilities to be acquired and establish the outer limit of the exposure to the costs of the acquiring
utility. Having examined all indicia of value, the appraiser must then provide his best estimate of
the value of the facilities for purposes of formulating an offer to the incumbent utility and for
condemnation purposes. In later determining whether to proceed with the acquisition or
condemnation, reasponsible public officials must rely on the appraisal report and must know the
worst case scenario respecting the potential costs of acquisition.
In most cases, the range of values in the appraisal report will show a cross-over
point at which the' acquisition becomes economically infeasible. For example, the low end of the
appraisal based on OCNLD will almost always show that the acquisition is economically feasible,
whereas the application of RCNLD will almost always show that the project is infeasible. In
deciding to proceed, responsible public officials must be comfortable with the appraiser's best
judgment as to what intermediate value will be acceptable to the seller or awarded by the
condemnation authority.
5. Determination of stranded cost
Under both Federal law and most state laws, a public utility is entitled to recover
its stranded costs from customers that cease to take service from that utility after the utility has
invested in facilities to provide utility services. Cathy Fogel will discuss and summarize the
current rules respecting the recovery of stranded costs. Suffice it to say here that, while there are
some well-established exceptions to the rule, a community which establishes a new utility and
ceases to take service form the incumbent utility will be responsible for paying the resulting
stranded costs as determined by the state public utilities commission or the FERC. These costs
are subject to formulas and can be fairly easily estimated in the feasibility study stage of the
project. The FERC and some state commission's have also provided procedures for determining
what stranded costs are recoverable by the incumbent utility before the customers leave the
system. In all events, stranded costs are an important factor in the acquisition and start-up costs
of anew municipal system and:they:must be included in the engineering study and factored into
the cost of municipalization.
6. Severance costs
In condemnation, the incumbent utility is entitled to the award of reasonable
severance costs, i.e., those costs which are necessary to reconfigure the utility's system once the
new utility's facilities are severed from the original system. Severance costs may also be awarded
for the value of facilities which are not acquired by the new utility, but which are no longer used
or useful to the incumbent utility. For example, a substation or utility service center or office
building that is not acquired by the municipal utility and is no longer useful to the company
because of its location may be included in the incumbent utilities' claim for severance damages.
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includes not only an examination of the state laws applicable to utility formation and operation,
including applicable condemnation laws, it also includes the regulatory procedures and laws, both
/
state and Federal, which will be implicated in the formation of the new municipal utility. While, in
most cases, the City Attorney's office can provide valuable and essential advice in the early stages
of the process, most City Attorney's offices are not equipped to perform a comprehensive legal
feasibility study which includes all of the subjects identified below. Since the engineering study
will be driven, in many respects, by the legal requirements under state, Federal and local law, it is
essential that a competent legal consultant be engaged to work directly with the engineer to
establish, from the outset, the parameters of the engineering study.
A comprehensive legal feasibility study should include the following subjects:
1. Identification of all applicable state and local laws governing the
establishment and operation of municipal electric utilities
The legal study' should analyze the applicable eminent domain laws and a summary
and analysis of all precedent thereunder. The legal study should identify the form of resolution or
referenda necessary to authorize the commencement of the acquisition process, together with a
specific timeline for notices and public hearings required before the resolution or referendum is
adopted by the City Council or submitted to the electorate.
2. Identification of state and Federal stranded cost recovery rules
As I have said, the incumbent utility will be entitled, under both Federal and some
state laws, to recover those costs which are stranded as a result of the customers leaving the
utility's service area and ceasing to take service from that utility. The legal study should identify
any applicable laws and regulations pertaining to the recovery of stranded costs and any
exceptions thereto. The legal consultant should work closely with the engineering consultant to
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identify and quantify potential stranded costs and to identify alternatives for possibly avoiding the
imposition of such costs.
3. Analysis of transmission access
The legal study should include an analysis of the applicable Federal laws,
regulations and precedent respecting transmission access and transmission costs. While
transmission access is generally assured under the FERC's Open Access Transmission Policy, the
legal consultant must examine recent precedent and conditions on the system to which the new
system will be interconnected. The legal study should identify the procedures required for seeking
transmission access and the elements which must bc addressed in the interconnection agreement
with the transmitting utility.
4. Rights to preference power and legal aspects of bulk power supply
aca_uisition
Working with the engineering consultant, the legal consultant should examine the
potential for securing available supplies of preference power from Federally-owned or licensed
hydroelectric facilities. The legal study should also include a description of the legal alternatives
for contracting for power supply resources on a short and long-term basis. While the contracting
requirements for power supply are relatively straightforward in most cases, in states like
California and New York, in which the electric industry has been restructured, the matter of
buying and selling power and getting it delivered is subject to new and complex rules and
regulations under both state and Federal laws. These matters should be addressed in detail in the
legal study.
5. Principles of valuation
Working with the engineering appraiser, the legal consultant must identify and
I ·
discuss the principles of valuation for purposes of negotiation or condemnation and assist the
appraiser in determining the reasonable values of the system or the probable outcome of a
condemnation proceeding. As part of the legal study, the legal consultant must identify and
provide the appraiser with all precedent under the condemnation laws and any comparable sales of
utility assets which have been the subject of regulatory approvals or procedures.
6. Regulatory_ jurisdiction, approvals and proceedings
While publicly-owned systems are generally unregulated by both state and Federal
regulatory agencies, some states do regulate some aspects of municipal utility operations. Some
states require approval of the acquisition by the state public utility commission or, as in New
York, a certification by the New York Public Service Commission that the acquisition price is not
excessive and that the public interest is served by the acquisition. Some states regulate the rates
and service provided by municipal utilities. New York, for example, regulates the electric rates of
municipal electric utilities except to the extent that the utility purchases power from the New
York Power Authority. Since regulation, in any form, affects utility operations and earnings, the
legal consultant must provide a comprehensive summary and analysis of the laws which will apply
to or impinge upon the operation of the new utility.
7. Form of utility_ structure
While the form or structure for the governance of municipal utilities is established
under some local or state laws, the community generally has considerable latitude in establishing
the governance infrastructure of the municipal utility. To the extent that alternatives are provided,
the community must decide whether to establish a separate, stand-alone governing structure (e,g.,
independent or quasi-independent utility commission) or to allow the utility to be governed
directly by the City Council, Town Board or other political entity within the community.
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We believe that utility operations by municipal utilities should be as independent as
possible and recommend the establishment of a separate, independent or quasi-independent .
commission as a means of depoliticizing the operation of the utility. In all events, the legal study
should identify the alternatives open to the community for establishing a governance structure
which is consistent with state and local laws.
8. Laws applicable to municipal utility financing
Generally, municipal utility financing is accomplished through the issuance of tax-
exempt revenue bonds or general obligation bonds. At some point during the municipal utility
project, the community must engage the services of bond counsel to work with the financial
consultant and cognizant public officials to ensure that the community has adequate authority to
issue revenue bonds, general obligation bonds or bond anticipation notes. In some states (e.g.,
New York), municipal utilities may finance only with general obligation bonds unless revenue
bond financing is specifically authorized 'by the Legislature. In many states, municipalities are
subject to constitutional debt limitations which, depending on the level of outstanding
indebtedness, could limit the ability to finance the acquisition of utility facilities and the
establishment of a new municipal utility. The legal study should identify and analyze all applicable
laws, regulations and limitations on the use and issuance of tax-exempt bond financing and, in
consultation with the financial consultant, identify the source of funds available for the project.
C. Financial Feasibility_ Study
The third major component of the feasibility study is the financial feasibliy
component. Obviously, no municipalization project can succeed unless adequate funding is
identified and determined to be available as needed to finance the project. We recommend that a
competent financial consultant should be engaged from the outset to assist the engineering
consultant and the legal consultant in d?termini-ng whether the project, overall, is feasible.
Although Gene Carron will have much more to say on the subject of the role of the financial
consultant, the financial feasibility should be included in the initial feasibility study and should, in
my opinion, address the following matters:
1. State and Federal laws respecting the issuance of tax-exempt bond
financing
The financial consultant should summarize and describe the laws, principally the
Internal Revenue Code and regulations thereunder, which govern the issuance of tax-exempt
bonds and the use of the proceeds from those bonds. There are notable restrictions on the use of
tax-exempt bonds for utility operations, including the so-called "private-use" rules promulgated
by the IRS. Working with the engineering consultant, the financial consultant must examine the
facilities to be acquired and the method proposed for operating those facilities in order to
determine whether such facilities will qualify forfunding with tax-exempt bond financing.
2. Constitutional Debt limitations
The financial consultant must identify any applicable constitutional debt limitations
which might impinge upon or limit the community's ability to finance the municipalization project.
The report should include a summary of the outstanding indebtedness of the community and an
analysis of the remaining borrowing available under any existing debt limitations.
3. Alternatives for financing start-up costs
Pending a determination of the final costs of the acquisition or the award in
condemnation, the community may incur considerable costs related to the project which cannot be
deferred until final financing.' In some states, the municipal law provides for the issuance of bond
anticipation notes to provide funding for start up expenses, study costs and consulting fees. The
issuance of bond anticipation notes accommodates up-front financing as an alternative to
financing the project out of general funds or tax revenues. When the project is finally financed,
the bond anticipation notes are retired with the proceeds for the tax-exempt bonds issued to
finance the project. The financial consultant should identify whether such alternative financing is
available and determine whether there are any applicable restrictions on the use of proceeds from
such financing.
4. Projection of financing costs
It is the function of the financial consultant to estimate the debt service costs
associate with the issuance of notes and bonds issued to finance the project. The debt service
~costs are a major component in the utility's operating budget and must be accurately estimated to
complete the feasibility study. The financial consultant must identify all available sources of
funding for the project and assist the community in selecting the most feasible and economic
means of funding.
General Observation Respecting Feasibility Study
Since the Feasibility Study is the lease document upon which responsible public
officials and the electorate must make an informed decision on the municipalization proposal, the
community should be prepared to devote the time and resources to ensure that the Feasibility
Study is as thorough and comprehensive as possible. An adequate and defendable Feasibility
Study is not inexpensive and a thorough analyses can not be made under unrealistic time limits.
Those communities which have elected to cut corners by failing to commission and fund a
thorough and professional Feasibility Study or imposing unrealistic deadlines on its completion are
among the communities which have failed to implement their project.
I should also point out that, when a community engages its Engineering, Legal and
Financial consultants, it should make sure that these consultants are available to discuss and
defend this work product throughout the entire municipalization process, including the public
hearings required in the resolution/referendum process. The incumbent utility will undoubtedly
hire a team of experts to develop a rebuttal position and debunk the findings in the Feasibility
Study. To cite an example, Niagara Mohawk spent over $3 million on experts and attorneys to
defend the loss of a distribution system which had a net book value of only $1.8 million. It is
essential that, in presenting its case for municipalization to its constituency, that the sponsoring
community have worthy experts to answer questions from the public and respond to the
arguments and points made by the incumbent utility and its experts.
Step 2. Implementation - The Resolution/Referendum Process
Assuming that the Feasibility Study shows that the Project is economically feasible
and desirable, responsible public officials (usually the City Council or Town Board) must make a
threshold decision whether to attempt to implement the proposal and go forward with an offer to
15urchase and, if necessary, condemnation of the facilities of the incumbent utility.
The procedures for implementation vary according to the requirements of state and
local statutes. Time and space does not permit a detailed description of the state and local laws
which are applicable in all jurisdictions. Generally speaking, however, the process is initiated by
resolution, or the functional equivalent under local law, adopted by the City Council or Town
Board. The resolution establishes and presents a proposal to the community for public ownership
and operation of the electric distribution system and related facilities within and for the
community.
Again speaking generally, the resolution usually calls for notice and public hearings
to advise the electorate of the proposal and of the results of the feasibility study. Since the
acquisition will usually call for the issuance of revenue or general obligation bonds which must be
authorized by the voters in a general or special election held after'adequate notice and the
completion of the public hearing process, a general referendum is generally required.
" Public Hearings
While the requirements related to the conduct of public hearings will vary from
state to state and community to community, it is essential that the electorate have an adequate
opportunity to participate and to learn both the upside and the downside risks of municipalization.
While some local laws require only informal public hearings with no public debate of issues, the
majority encourage or require a full explication of issues and promote the presentation of diverse
views, including those of the incumbent utility. In the case of Massena, New York, and a later
municipalization effort by Westchester County to municipalize the Con Ed system serving the
County, cognizant officials sponsored a series of public debates between the consultants of the
Town and County and those of the incumbent utility. The public debate vehicle was particularly
effective in informing the electorate and providing them with sufficient information to make an
informed choice in casting a vote in the referendum process. In the case of Massena, the
referendum was overwhelmingly enacted while, in Westchester County, the measure was narrowly
defeated aider a series of debates held throughout the County.
The Advocacy Role
From a tactical standpoint, the question is frequently asked whether responsible
public officials and the City Council or Town Board should openly endorse, support and advocate
the municipalization through the referendum process. Based on our experience, we advise our
clients to adopt a politically neutral stance once the Feasibility Study is completed and accepted
by the City Council or Town Board. Having authorized and funded the Feasibility Study, the
elected officials of the community, including the City Council or Town Board should adopt a
neutral stance and allow the results of the Feasibility Study to speak for itself and make the
engineering, legal and financial consultants available to defend their findings and conclusions and
respond to questions by the public or attacks by the incumbent utility and the opposition to the
project. In this manner, the municipalization project becomes less politicized and the focus tums
to educating the voters of the community to the end that they can make an informed choice.
During the resolution/referendum process, it can be anticipated that the incumbent
utility Will engage in a massive public relations effort to defeat the municipalization. The utility
will use all available media resources (newspaper advertising, radio, TV, Intemet and door to
door canvassing and tracting) to defeat the proposal. While individuals and grass roots
organizations and special interest groups may take an active role in supporting municipalization, it
is important that public officials and the governing body of the community avoid taking an
advocacy role in this process. In our opinion, cognizant public officials have fulfilled their
obligation to their constituency when they provide a comprehensive Feasiblity Study and make
their consultants available to defend the findings and conclusion contained in the Feasibility Study.
This is precisely the position adopted by public officials in Massena and Sherrill, New York and
the result supports the conclusion that public officials are well advised to take a neutral role once
the Feasiblity Study is accepted and presented to the electorate.
Step 3. The Referendum
Having satisfied the public notice and public hearing requirements under state and
local law, the referendum must be submitted to the public in a special or general election. Care
must be taken to conform the wording of the referendum to comply with all statutory
requirements and to strictly observe the public notice and timing requirements for getting the
referendum on the ballot. It is difficult enough to obtain passage of a referendum the first time it
is on the ballot. If a successful referendum is set aside for some failure to meet the specific
statutory requirements under the municipal law or public utility law, public support is eroded and
the delay will afford the incumbent utility and project opponents the time to regroup and launch
another campaign to defeat the referendum on the second vote. In Massena, the initial
referendum which was passed by a 2/1 majority, was set aside by the New York courts in
litigation filed by "taxpayers," but sponsored and financed by Niagara Mohawk, for deficiencies in
the wording of the referendum. Remarkably, on the second attempt, the referendum was passed
by a 3/1 margin despite a massive public relations blitz by Niagara Mohawk.
Step 4. Offer to Purchase
'Most condemnation laws require that the condemning authority make a good faith
attempt to acquire the facilities to be condemned by offer and negotiation prior to eXercising the
power of eminent domain. Whether required or not, it makes good sense to formulate a good
faith offer to purchase, the facilities of the incumbent utility prior to invoking the jurisdiction of the
condemnation court or Commissioners of Appraisal.
In developing a viable offer, the community should rely on the judgment of is
engineering, legal and financial consultants to formulate an offer which fairly compensates the
utility for the loss of its facilities, the costs of reconfiguring its system, and any recoverable
stranded costs. In formulating the offer, the consultants should start with the OCLD value of the
facilities and add amounts for severance damages, stranded costs and possibly going concern
value. An additional amount attributed to "litigation risk" or "litigation cost avoidance" might be
added to sweeten the offer. It is important that the offer be high enough to avoid immediate
rejection and to invite a counteroffer, but low enough to ensure that the project remains within the
range of feasibility and is defendable in response to questions raised by the electorate. The offer,
even if made a on a confidential basis, will almost certainly establish the floor for the reward in
condemnation if the negotiations are not successful.
As mentioned above, there are procedures under Federal and some state laws for
seeking a pre-acquisition determination of recoverable stranded costs before the facilities are
acquired. If stranded costs appear to be a major component in the costs of establishing the
system, cognizant officials may elect to seek an early determination by the FERC and/or the State
Commission of the amount of stranded costs which are recoverable. Once determined, these
costs should be included in the offer.
Step 5. Regulatory Approvals
I am not aware of any state law which gives the state public utilities commission
the authority to approve or disapprove the exercise of the power of eminent domain by a
municipality seeking to acquire utility facilities. However, some states require that the public
utilities commission ~approve the voluntary sale of facilities by a jurisdictional utility to ensure that
the utility receives the full value of its facilities before disposition. New York, for example,
requires that the value of the facilities to be sold or condemned be first determined by the Public
Service Commission of New York. The Commission has the authority to approve or disapprove
the sale of utility facilities by a regulated utility. However, if the facilities are subsequently
condemned, the PSC determination'of value is not binding on the condemnation court or the
Commissioners of Appraisal.
If the acquisition involves the purchase of transmission facilities which are subject
to regulation by the FERC, the FERC must approve the sale of such facilities.
Step 6, Condemnation
If the negotiated acquisition fails, the community must proceed to file a petition for
condemnation pursuant to the state condemnation laws. While every state extends the authority
to public agencies and municipalities to condemn property, including utility property, the
procedures and standards for condemnation are widely disparate. Generally, the petition in
condemnation is lodged with the state court having jurisdiction in the district or venue in which
the property is located. Many state condemnation laws provide for the Court to conduct the trial,
with or without a jury at the choice of the parties, or by Commissioners of Appraisal appointed by
the court.
In one respect, there is consistency and uniformity in all state and federal
condemnation cases -- the standard for the award, by Constitutional mandate, is "just
compensation." The Supreme Court has long since determined that, without a Constitutional
~mendment, neither Congress nor a state legislature may prescribe the method for determining
what is "just compensation" for a public taking in a condemnation case.x/
1/ In United States v. New River Collieries Co., 262 U.S. 341, 43 S. Ct. 565, 67 L. Ed. 1014
(1923), the Supreme Court stated "The ascertainment of compensation is a judicial
function, and no power exists in any other department of the Government to declare what
the compensation shall be or to prescribe any binding rule in that regard." 262 U.S. at
343-44, 43 S. Ct. 567, 67L. Ed. 1014 (citing Monongahela Navigation Co. v. United
States, 148 U.S. 312, 327 (1892)). Similarly, Monongahela Navigation Co. held that
neither Congress nor the state legislatures (in this case Pennsylvania) could prescribe the
method of just compensation:
The legislature may determine what private property is needed for
public purposes -- that is a question of a political and legislative
character; but when the taking has been ordered, then the question
of compensation is judicial. It does not rest with the public, taking
the property, through Congress or the legislature, its representative,
to say what compensation shall be paid, or even what shall be the
rule of compensation
I have set forth below a brief description of the various methods used for valuing
utility facilities in condemnation cases.-~ Suffice it to say here that the condemnation tribunal is
required to receive and admit all competent evidence or indicia respecting the value of the
condemned facilities. This evidence is generally adduced through a series of expert witnesses
qualified to appraise and assess the value of utility properties and to show the comparability and
relevance of sales of utility properties by other utilities.
Generally, the condemnor will begin with a showing of the net depreciated costs of
the condemned facilities and add components for severance damages. The stranded cost
component will later be determined by the FERC or the state public utilities commission and it is
not a factor in the condemnation case. The condemnee's experts can be expected to rely on a
Reproduction Cost New Less Depreciation (RCNLD) methodology which inevitably ascribes the
highest value to the condemned facilities. To the extent that comparable sales have occurred,
either party may rely upon comparable sales to support their valuation determination.
In the final analysis, it is for the condemnation court, jury or Commissioners of
Appraisal to sort through the various indicia of value in the record and come to a determination of
what is the "just compensation" required to be paid by the condemnor for the facilities designated
in the Petition in Condemnation.
As with all lower court determinations, the award in condemnation, whether by the
court itself or by Commissioners of Appraisal, is subject to review by the appellate courts under
applicable appellate procedures.
2/ With acknowledgment and thanks to John W. Wilson of J.W. Wilson & Associates
(Washington, D.C.) who prepared and published a thoughtful analysis of this subject
entitled "Condemnation Value In Utility Municipalization," a copy of which is attached to
my remarks with the permission of Dr. Wilson.
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Valuation Techniques
There are a number of valuation techniques used by utility experts and appraisers
to value utility properties for the purpose ofratemaking, utility sales and condemnation. Neither
time nor space on this panel permits a full discussion of these techniques and I am only marginally
qualified to discuss them in any event. To provide an overview of these techniques and to
facilitate an understanding of the complexities of utility valuation, I have attached a thoughtful
analysis prepared by Dr. John Wilson of J.W. Wilson & Associates, Washington, D.C.
Dr. Wilson begins this discussion with an analysis of the purposes and objectives of
valuation for purposes of condemnation. He then discusses the regulatory value of facilities, the
Income Approach (Capitalization of Earnings), Capital Stock Value, 1R. eproduction Cost New
Loss Depreciation and Original Cost, Comparable Sales, Going Concern Value and Severance
Damages. -'
Step 7. Interim or Temporary Possession
Some, but not all, condemnation laws permit the condemnor to take interim or
temporary possession of the condemned facilities during the pendency of the condemnation case.
Interim or temporary possession is usually the subject of a separate or collateral proceeding
initiated upon a petition filed by the condemnor with the condemnation court. In that proceeding,
the condemnor must demonstrate its capability to operate the facilities in a safe and reliable
manner and show that appropriate arrangements have been made respecting the severance of the
system and that interconnections are properly in place by agreement or by order of cognizant
regulatory agencies. The condemnor may also be required to post a bond, deposit funds in
escrow, or demonstrate its ability to pay the amount awarded in condemnation at the conclusion
of the case.
Taking interim or temporary possession of the facilities prior to the conclusion of
the condemnation award puts the condemnor at risk if the condemnation award is extraordinahly
high and renders the project economically infeasible since interim or temporary possession will
make it extremely difficult to return the property to the condemnor after taking possession and
' OPerating the facilities.
Step 8. Vesting of Title and Commencement of Operations
With few exceptions, the title of condemned property will vest in the condemnor
when the final award is paid to the condemnor. Some state condemnation laws do provide for a
Declaration of Taking procedure under which title to the facilities vests immediately in the
condemning authority. In a minority of states, title to the condemned property vests in the
condemnor with the filing of the Petition in Condemnation whether or not the condemnor takes
immediate possession of the condemned facilities. The immediate vesting of title does complicate
matters if, upon a final award, the condemnor .elects not to go forward with the acquisition and
seeks to return title to the facilities to the owner. If that does occur, the condemnor, at a
minimum, will be expected to reimburse the condemnee for its costs of defending and prosecuting
the condemnation case.
Once the condemnation process is initiated, the condemnor must simultaneously
prepare to take possession of the system and commence operations. During this period, there are
a number of important tasks which must be completed before utility operations may commence,
including:
- Establishment of utility infrastructure, governance,
staffing, arrangements for interim financing,
purchase of equipment and materials and
arrangements for office space, warehousing and
service center facilities.
Negotiation of all necessary transmission interconnection
and power supply contracts or the initiation of proceedings
before the FERC to secure transmission rights if they are
.not provided on a voluntary basis.
Negotiation with the incumbent utility to establish a
tentative or target date for the turnover of facilities and the
commencement of operations to ensure a seamless transition
to public ownership. These negotiations should address the
terms and conditions under which the system will remain
interconnected (if that is the case) metering, the transfer of
customer and system records and diagrams, and the
implementation of"Borderline Agreements" and operating
agreements to ensure that the separate systems continue to
function in a safe and reliable manner.
- Installation of all metering, substation and other facilities
necessary to accomplish the separation of the systems once
operations commence.
- Securing all necessary regulatory approvals from cognizant
state or federal regulatory agencies.
- Arrangements for the issuance and sale of general obligation
bonds, revenue bonds, or commercial paper to ensure that
funding is available and in place at the time a final award in
condemnation is issued.
In this phase of the Project, the community may wish to consider implementing
utility operation on a transitional basis by engaging the services of a qualified engineering
consultant to staffthe utility, recruit and train permanent staff, and address any operational
problems which develop during start-up A transition plan worked well for Massena, New York
which contracted with its engineering consultant to provide experienced management and
operational personnel for approximately one year while permanent staff, including a General
Manager, was recruited, trained and became familiar with the system.
Conclusion .
There you have it -- the eight easy steps to transition from private to public
ownership of your local electric utility. As easy as it may sound, the municipalization of an
electric utility is not for the faint-hearted or the uncommitted. Regardless of the size of the
system, the takeover of utility facilities from the incumbent utility will be expensive, time
consuming, controversial and frustrating. Responsible public officials considering a
municipalization project should be prepared to "go to War" with the incumbent utility which will
oppose and attack the project on every front and will devote resources far beyond the real value
of the facilities or system in question. This is a Holy War with the investor-owned segment of the
industry and its opposition to public ownership is a deep seated matter of principle that defies
rational analysis. Those few hearty and relentless communities that have survived the Holy War
and succeeded in implementing their municipalization project now enjoy enormous benefits and
'can take pride that the ratepayers in the community now enjoy substantial and ever-increasing
savings as a result of these efforts.
In closing, I do want to point out that the current restructuring of the electric
power industry will probably change the landscape and the role of public power. I am optimistic
that publicly-owned electric systems will survive and thrive in the new competitive market
paradigm and that nascent publicly-owned systems will find the road to municipalization smoother
and paved with benefits.
In California, we have seen the role of the investor-owned change dramatically
with the divestiture of a large portion of their thermal generation resources and even their
transmission systems. With PG&E in bankruptcy and Edison teetering on the brink, it is not
inconceivable that these large utilities will eventually divest themselves of, or lose, their
distribution systems as well. These developments should, and obviously have, inspired
responsible public officials to take a hard look at municipalization and public ownership. Even a
cursory comparison of the rates and service provided by publicly-owned electric systems in
California with those now offered by the investor-owned utilities should inspire serious and
thoughtful consideration of public ownership.
Thank you.
ATTACHMENT
CONDEMNATION VALUE IN
UTILITY MUNICIPALIZATION
by
J. W. WILSON & ASSOCIATES, INC.
ECONOMIC COUNSEL
the CORCORAN BUILDING · fOURTH fLOOR
2715 '"M" STREET. N.W. · WASHINGTON. D.C. 20007
CONDEMNATION VALUE IN UTILITY MUNICIPALIZATION
by
Dr. John W. Wilson
Condenmation value is the market value of property -- the price that would
be established by willing sellers and willing buyers in a free market. The purpose
of condemation is to make the seller whole for the property that is being con-
demned. That is, a proper condemnation value is equal to the value which the
seller would derive from the property if no condemnation occurred. It Would, of
course, be improper to establish a condemnation price that would enrich the seller
by more than he would get if no condemnation occurred.
The private owners of utility property are authorized to charge rates for
utility service that permit them to recover prudent and useful investments that they
have made in that property, and provide them with a fair return on the unrecovered
portion of their utility property investments. When utility property is taken by
condemnation, the utility no longer has the ability to recover either its remaining
investment in the property or a return on the unrecovered part of that investment
through rates.
Since the objective of valuation for condemnation purposes is to
compensate the owner whose property_ is being taken on a "make whole" basis,
investment recovery and dollar remm amounts are critical in determining an
appropriate condemnation value for utility property. While distinct, the methods
of rate base and property condemnation valuation, properly applied, should be
consistent with each other so that where utility property is taken through condem-
nation, the property owners are made whole for the economic value of their
property (i.e., what they would have derived from the property absent
condemnation). A lower compensation level would be confiscatory. Likewise, an
excessive value for condemnation purposes would provide compensation above the
mount achievable by the owners were they to retain the property and employ it in
the most profitable manner possible.
It can be easily seen that under certain specified conditions the two distinct
Valuation concepts that are relevant for regulation and condemnation purposes can
yield the same result. For example, assume that for rate case purposes it has been
determined that certain utility property has an original cost of $1,000,000. Further
assume that for rate case purposes this property is depreciated by $200,000 each
year for five years to provide for the recovery of the owners' capital investment,
and that a fair remm of 15 percent is allowed to be earned each year on the
undepreciated net plant balance to compensate the property owners for the use of
their capital prior to its recovery. Under these assumptions, the proceeds that the
owners will receive (i.e., the remm of his investment through depreciation plus a
15 percent profit on the net balance) are as follows:
Rate of Rate D, eaoreciation Total
Year Remm Base Profit ,,uiowance Cash Flow
1 .15 x $1,000,000 = $150,000 $ 200,000 $ 350,000
2 .15 x $ 800,000 = $120,000 $ 200,000 $ 320,000
3 .15 x $ 600,000 = $ 90,000 $ 200,000 $ 290,000
4 .15 x $ 400,000 = $ 60,000 $ 200,000 $ 260,000
5 .15 x$ 200,000= $ 30,000 $ 200,000 $ 230,000
Total $450,000 $1,000,000 $1,450,000
What would willing buyers pay and what would willing sellers accept in a
free market for the exchange of this property and the associated cash flow.9 The
answer depends on the cost or "time value" of money to each party and the extent
to which each party expects the actual income stream from this property to track
the results shown above. If both buyers and sellers have a 15 percent money cost
and both expect that the portrayed income stream will actually occur, buyers
would be willing to purchase the' property' and associated capital recovery and
profit rights for any price up to $1,000,000 -- but no more. Similarly, sellers
would be willing to relinquish the property and associated capital recovery and
profit rights for a price of at least $1,000,000 or more. This can be seen mathe-
matically by discounting the expected cash flow to its present value at the assumed
15 percent cost of money:
$350,000 + $320,000 + $290,000 + $260,000 + $230,000
1.15 (1.15)2 (1.15)3 (1.15)4 (1.15)5 =
$304,348 + $241,966 + $190,680 + $148,656 + $114,350 =
$1,000,000.
Under these assumptions, at any price less than $1,000,000 sellers would be
better offkeeping the property (because a present value of $1,000,000 would be
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realized by keeping it), and at any price above $1,000,000, the cost to buyers
would exceed the property's economic value to them (because $1,000,000 is the
full present value that they would get as a result of acquiring it). Therefore,
$1,000,000 is the only market price at which this transaction would occur between
willing buyers and willing sellers. And, given these assumptions, this $1,000,000
market price would also be equal to the property's rate case value.
Frequently, of course, the expectations and discount rates of buyers and
sellers may differ and, when that occurs, there will either be some range of
possible prices at which a mutually agreeable transaction may occur, or there will
be no overlap of acceptable prices and therefore no possibility of a mutually
acceptable sale. Using this same example and assuming that both parties
expectations remain the same but that the buyers' discount rate is 12 percent while
the sellers' discount rate remains at 15 percent, willing buyers and willing sellers
may arrive at a mutually agreeable transaction at any price in the range of
$1,000,000 (the sellers' minimum) and $1,069,761 (the buyers' new maximum
given his lower discount rate):
$350,000 + $320,000 + $290,000 + $260,000 + $230,000
1.12 (1.12)2 (1.12)3 (1.12)4 (1.12)5 =
$312,500 + $255,102 + $206,416 + $165,235 + $130,508 =
$1,069,761.
As this illustration shows, the rate case value of utility property and its
market value will be equal only if the expected rate of return on the property's
undepreciated balance is equal to the cost of money and if full capital cost
recovery (through allowed depreciation) is expected. If the expected return
exceeds the cost of money, market value will exceed rate case value. If the
expected return is less than the cost of money, market value will be less than rate
case value.
Likewise, if it is expected that less than 100 percent of the property's full
cost or book value will be recovered (for example, if it is expected that regulators
may determine that some portion of the property's cost is excessive and should not
be recoverable through rates), then the market value of the property will be less
than full book value.
The fact that market value will be below book value when investors expect
less than full cost recovery, or when they expect earnings rates below the cost of
money, is evident in unregulated as well as regulated industries. The reason is that
investors do not expect net revenues to be sufficient to recover the full original
cost of plant investments and to also provide a remm that is equal to the cost of
money on the unrecovered plant balance. Under these conditions, willing buyers
and willing sellers exchange property and associated interests in profits and cash
flows at market prices that are below book value.
On the other hand, in situations where investors expect revenues to be
sufficient to recover the total cost of their investments and to provide a rate of
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return on the unrecovered balance in excess of the cost of capital, willing buyers
and willing sellers will set market prices in excess of net book value. For
example, say that a business has a net plant value of $1,000,000 that is depreciated
at $200,000 per year and, because of a legal product monopoly gained through
patented inventions, it is expected that profits will amount to 30 percent of net
plant even though money costs and investors' discount rates are 'only half that
amount. In that case the market value will be:
$500,000 + $440,000 + $380,000 + $320,000 + $260,000 =
1.15 (1.15)2 (1.15)3 (1.15)4 (1.15)~
$434,783 + $332,703 + $249,856 + $182,961 + $129,266 =
$1,329,569.
This is in contrast to a market value of $890,144 if full capital recovery and
only a 10 percent profit rate are expected.~ This method of market value
determination, which is sometimes referred to as an "income approach", should be
the analytical cornerstone in estimating the fair level of compensation to be paid in
cases of utility property condemnation.
$300,000 + $280,000 + $260,000 + $240,000 + $220,000 =
1.15 '(1.15)2 (1.15)3 (1.15)" (1.15)5
$260,870 + 211,720 + $170,954 + $137,221 + $109,379 =
$890,144.
The Income Approach
In order to estimate the income or earnings value of property, it is necessary
to estimate the cash flow (i.e., profit and capital cost recovery) that the property in
question would generate if retained by the original owner as well as the appro-
priate discount rate to be used in converting this cash flow to its present value. In
most instances involving the condemnation of utility property, full capital cost
recovery should be assumed ~, and the appropriate discount rate should be set
equal to the utility' s current cost of capital.
It is generally reasonable to assume full capital cost recovery (through
depreciation) because, absent condemnation, that value would normally be
'realized by the' seller werehe:to retain and continue to operate the utility business.
The current cost of capital to the seller is the appropriate discount rate because that
is the property owner's value of money. It reflects the property owner's carrying
cost (i.e., the discount that he must absorb as a result) of receiving cash in the
future rather than at the present time. Consequently, this is the proper rate to use
in converting the seller's future cash flow to a present value.
An exception to this general rule occurs where a regulatory authority has properly
determined to disallow certain plant cost recovery for ratemaking purposes. In that event,
the assumption of full capital cost recovery for condemnation purposes would lead to
compensation in excess of the full economic value of the property to the seller.
By knowing or estimating the seller's discount rate and the cash flow that
he would obtain were he to retain the property, one can directly estimate the value
of the property to the seller. For example, if plant cost recovery will amount to
$100,000 per year for five years and profit will amount to 15 percent of the
unrecovered plant balance in each year while the discount rate is 12 percent, the
full present value of the property to the seller is:
$100,000 + .15($500,000) + $100,000 + .15($400,000) +
1.12 (1.12)2
$100,000 + .15($~00,000) + $100,000 + .15($200,000) +
(1.12)3 (1.12)4
$100,000 +.15($100,000) = $534,880.59.
(1.12)5
That is the full income .value of the property to the seller because it is the
full present value that he would derive from the property if he were to retain
ownership of it. Compensation in excess of this amount, as a result of condem-
nation, would provide the seller with a greater value than he would receive by
retaining the property. By the same token, compensation of a lesser amount would
deprive the seller of value that he would obtain absent condenmation. Under a
reasonable willing seller test, $534~880.59 is an appropriate price in this
hypothetical illustration. A rational seller in a free market would willingly accept
this price because he would be no better off by declining it. Put another way,
assuming that, absent the property's sale, the owner's best option woUld be to
retain it and ultimately obtain a cash.flow with a present value of $534,880.59, it
would be irrational for him to refuse a $534,881 sale price. Retaining the property
would be of less value.
There are, of course, some obvious exceptions to this general nde of
rationality, but they do not constitute a reasonable basis for authorizing a higher
condemnation price. For example, a utility may fear competitive market entry and
therefore decline a fair price, or even take a loss, in order to prevent the estab-
lishment of a rival municipally-owned distribution system within its monopolized
service area. Such a utility may, in its own self interest, decline a purchase price
well in excess of the full earnings value of the property in question simply to
preserve its monopoly. A utility might fear that the establishment of a competitive
electric utility system in one community could serve as a performance yardstick
that would be used by another community to measure and evaluate the utility's
own comparative performance. That,..in turn, might ultimately encourage other
communities to establish their own independent electric utility systems instead of
extending the existing utility's franchises. Facing such circumstances, a utility
may be unwilling to accept any reasonable buy-out offer in an effort to preserve its
monopoly. But the private value that a condemnee might derive from blocking a
condemnation that Could challenge its monopoly is not a reasonable economic
basis for establishing a fair condemnation price.
It maY also be "rational" for a seller to refuse a price that is equal in value
to what he would derive by retaining the property if, as a result of such refusal, the
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buyer could be forced to offer a higher price. In many condemnation cases
involving utility property the buyer has no practical option but to acquire the
necessary property from an existing owner or to forego the purpose of the
acquisition entirely. In such cases, the seller's refusal to accept a price equal to his
value in retaining the property could conceivably force the price up to the buyer's
value of acquiring it. Thus a rancher might "rationally", and in his own self
interest, refuse a fair price for his ranch land if his refusal could force the State to
pay him a much higher price -- say, 'equal to the full economic value of the
highway which the State seeks to build.
To preclude potential abuses of this type, value in condemnation is properly
established based:on'what, the value of the property would be to the seller absent
condemnation. That value can be measured directly in terms of the present value
of the capital recovery and profit that the owner would derive from its existing
electric utility distribution system were it to continue to own and operate that
This is called the income method of property valuation, and it is the most
system.
economically sound approach to use.
There are two basic variations of the income method of property valuation:
marginal cost analysis and fully distributed average cost analysis. Valuation based
on fully distributed average costs, often overstates the value of the system to the
owner. This is so because, when a portion of a system is removed, the owner will
experience "incremental" or "marginal" cost reductions rather than average cost
reductions. Thus, the elimination of a portion of a distribution system will often
mean that a vertically integrated utility owner can make incremental reductions in
its energy generation. This will be accomplished by cutting back the operations of
less efficient generating plants that axe more costly than average to operate.
Likewise, it will mean that the future construction of some mount of costly new
generation capacity, rather than the lower average cost of existing plants, will be
postponable or avoidable. When marginal costs, rather than fully distributed
average costs, are assigned to the condemned portion of a system, the resulting rate
of return is often below the fully distributed rate of return, and below the utility's
cost of capital to the owner.
Capital Stock Value
An alternative approach to determining the market value of a fu-m' s
property and business would be to compare the market value of its capital stock
with the book value of the enterprise. Theoretically, the market value of the
common stock of a company should reflect the full value that willing buyers and
willing sellers place on the entire enterprise, including not only the fu'm's plant
value but the full present value of all expected capital recovery, profits and
business operations. It should be kept in mind, however, that at least in spot
circumstances, current stock prices may give a temporarily distorted view of a
company's actual worth. This is so because stock price fluctuations may occur in
response to social, political or economic events that have little to do with the
-11-
inherent value of a business. Over a long enough period, however, and especially
if a larger group of comparable businesses are examined, the actual relationship
between the market value and book value of common stock will provide useful
guidance in determining whether and to what extem a business should be expected
to have a going concern value in excess of the book value of its assets.
Comparisons of the market and book values of utility stocks show that
willing buyers and willing sellers have generally valued utility assets at prices that
are somewhat above their net book value.
~o NewAnd Ori inalCost
Estimating reproduction cost new less depreciation (RCNLD) is an
alternative method of condemnation valuation in unique situations where
condemned property has no quantifiable economic data (such as income,
comparable sales, or original cost) from which to calculate a fair market value.
The RCNLD approach has been recognized as an appropriate approach, for
example, in cases involving churches or schools which are not generally Sold in
competitive markets and which are not constructed for the primary purpose of
producing income. ~ It has also been used from time to time in some jurisdictions
as one approach to valuing certain public utility property where superior economic
i!~ 3.~/ See O. 744 of an Acre of Land, v. State, 251 A.2d 341, 342 (Del. Super. 1969).
valuation data are not available. In such cases, it is generally recognized that
RCNLD is deemed to measure the upper limits of probable value. 4_/
Where accurate and valid property records are available, the net book value
of Property (i.e., oriQnal cost less depreciation or "0CLD") can be readily
ascertained by deducting accrued depreciation from the original recorded cost of
acquiring, building, installing and improving the property.
Comparable Sales
Another method of determining a fair market value is to examine
.comparable sales. Unfortunately, other than stockmarket transactions, there are
relatively few examples of comparable sales of utility property. Consequently,
market value determinations based on direct evidence of comparable property sales
have not been common in condemnation cases involVing the taking of utility
property, simply because such properly is not commonly bought and sold in free
markets.
While direct evidence of comparable market transactions is limited and
therefore should not be controlling, there are examples of utility property sales
between willing market participants which confh'm that the market value of utility
~-/ See Wilmington Housing Authority v. Numbers 312-314 E. Eighth St., 55 Del. 253, 191
A.2d 5 (Super Ct. 1963); and Wilmington Housing Author~ty v. Greater St. John Baptist
Church, 291 A.2d (Del. Super. Ct. 1972).
property is typically below RCNLD and is in the range of income value. Since
willing sellers and willing buyers will establish a market price for a transaction
that reflects their respective views of the economic value of the property to be ex-
' changed,-and since a privately owned utility's Profit and cash flow from utility
property are determined through the regulatory process on the basis of the pro-
perty's rate base value, it is not at all surprising that the market value, net book
value and income value of Utility property often tend to be related.
Goine Concern Value
"Going concern value" can be def'med as the mount by which the value of
an operating utility plant with customers and an established revenue base differs
from the value of an exactly similar plant ready to. operate, but so situated that the
acquisition of customers and revenue is a matter of time. s_j According to this
definition, "going concern value" is the amount by which the value of a going
concern differs from the value of the concem's physical assets alone. It has been
said that this distinction involves "an attempt to divide a thing which is, in its
nature, practically indivisible [because] the value of the plant and business is an
indivisible gross amount." 6_/ It may be added that this is especially tree with
respect to public utility property since the allowed earnings of the business are
s_./ See Howard A. Kashman, "Going Concern Value of a Public Utility in Condemnation by a
Municipality," Arizona Law Review, Volume 6, page 92, 1964.
~ Appleton Water Works v. l!~ailroad Commission, 154 Wis~ 121, 142 N.W. 476 (1913);
} cited in Kashman, 9P. cit:, page 93.
- 14-
determined by multiplying the fair rate of remm times the value of the utility rate
base, which is largely comprised of the depreciated original cost of the public
utility plant.
While it is often presumed that the value of a going concern will exceed the
value of the concern's plant alone and that a willing buyer would therefore be
inclined to pay more for a live and deVeloped business, that is not always the case.
For example, if potential buyers perceive that a fu-m' s assets are being deployed
poorly, the breakup asset value of an enterprise may exceed its value as a going
concern. While that is not the typical case, there are some businesses today with
net book values in excess of their market values, and there have been a number of
recent acquisitions, and reorganizations specifically because going concerns were
perceived to be less valuable than the break-up value of their assets.
Going concern value is fully encompassed in the income approach
discussed above. Under that approach, the projected profit and cash flow values
are those that would be generated by a going concern. If alternative valuation
methods are used which do not, in themselves, include the full value of a going
concern, an increment may be appropriate to reflect the cost of rights of way,
records, maps, procedures and other documentation that is essential for a going
utility concern.
Severance Damages
In addition to the value of the condemned property to the seller absent a
taking, the determination of appropriate compensation in condemnation requires
that consideration be given to the actual and consequential severance damages, ff
any, that may be Sustained by the seller as a result of the taking. Such damages
may occur where the severance of the taken property from the seller's remaining
property, impairs the value of the remaining property or where the taking results in
a need to incur additional costs in order to make the remaining property whole.
Thus, where condenmafion of a portion of a utility's electric utility distribution
system requires the utility to install additional facilities to maintain service to
customers in adjacentareas, .the taking may impose, severance costs.
Severance damages may be of three types. The first type of severance value
relates to the potential loss of business resulting from a partial taking of a
franchise; another relates to loss of franchise growth; and the third relates to
physical severance. The first two aspects of-severance damages are subsumed
within the income value and going concern value of the property, while the third
may represent an additional measure of physical severance damages.
Utilities generally Possess franchises to distribute electricity in established
geographic areas for a specified period of time. The grant of a franchise, however,
does not conveY to the recipient the right to charge whatever the market will bear.
- 16-
Instead, the franchise recipient becomes subject to rate regulation, and that, in
mm, determines the income stream expected to be received by owners of utility
property and, thus, the value of the property.
Through proper compensation for the income and going concern value of
the property, the utility owner will usually be fully compensated for the value of
this franchise claim.
/
Increases in sales due to franchise growth that may come about over time
involve increases in both revenues and costs. Under the original cost ratemaking
standards usually applicable, the owner would be limited to recovery of only its
operating expenses, depreciation, and the costs of capital on the unrecovered net
bobk value of any property committed to providing increased service~ This
amount, is equal to the present value of the capital expenditures and operating
costs that the owner would have to incur for expansion purposes. Especially in
view of prevailing and reasonable precedents that condemnation compensation
should not be allowed on the basis of remote, imaginary, conjectural or theoretcal
future developments, it is clear that only in those circumstances where franchise
growth is expected to yield a net profit rate in excess of the cost of capital is there
an additional future franchise growth value for which the owners of the existing
utility franchise should be compensated.
Even where future franchise growth value exists, it should be offset, for
condenmation purposes, by any new values that condemnation may enable the
seller to obtain. For example, when a partial taking of a business provides the
seller with cash proceeds that would otherwise not occur, the seller will be able to
invest .those funds and derive proceeds that would not otherwise have occurred.
While it is a matter of conjecture as to how wisely and lucratively the original
owners may be able to employ the funds derived from condemnation, it is entirely
reasonable to assume that they should be able to do at least as well as the
prevailing return on U.S. government bonds, which axe also generally less risky
than corresponding investments in utility property. It is often explicitly recognized
in State law that the benefits and advantages gained by the seller as a result of the
condemnation taking .should be set off against whatever loss is sustained. See
State ex rel. State Hwy. Dept. v. Moms, 47 Del. 477 A.2d 523 (Super. Ct. 1952).
Summary
The objective of valuation in cases involving the condemnation of utility
property is to compensate the owner whose property is being taken on a "make
Whole" basis. Thus, the proper value is the mount which the seller would
reasonably expect to derive from the property if no condemnation occurred. While
the value to the buyer may exceed this amount, under competitive circumstances
(and, therefore, in condemnation) the relevant issue is value to the seller.
- 18 -
The income approach, which estimates the projected present value of net
proceeds to the seller (absent condemnation) is typically the most reasonable and
accurate method of utility property valuation. In some cases other approaches
such as comparable sales, RCNLD, OCLD or capital stock value may provide
additional useful information. Also, going concern value and severance damage
considerations may produce additional values that must be considered in some
utility property condemnation cases.
Because of the role of regulation and the resulting relationship between
profit, capital recovery, and the net book value of utility distribution plant, it is not
surprising that utility rate base valuation often bears a close relationship to
condemnation valuation.measures based on the income, comparable sales, and
capital stock valuation methods.
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FORMATION OF MUNICIPAL'ELECTRIC UTILITIES:
A STRATEGIC APPROACH
Presented by J. Cathy Fogel
Verner, Liipfert, Bernhard,
McPherson and Hand, Chtd.
901 15th Street NW
Washington, D.C. 20005-2301
202-371-6044
TAKING CHARGE:
COMMUNITY OPTIONS TO PROTECT ELECTRIC CONSUMERS
Sponsored by
American Public Power Association
April 23-24, 2001
Sacramento Hilton-Arden West
Sacramento, California
FORMATION OF MUNICIPAL ELECTRIC UTILITIES:
A STRATEGIC APPROA CH
Presented by J. Cathy Fogel~
A good recipe will include the best ingredients, but it's the flair of the chef that
makes it a success. The required mix for successfully forming a municipal utility follows
the same pattern. Necessary elements include: (1) dedicated, intelligent and well-
informed City officials and management; (2) excellent planning and organization; (3) a
willing Iow-cost power supplier; (4) a current retail utility not favorably viewed by the
local citizens, (5) a strc"2 desire for local control of the electric utility; (6) assist2~ce
and leadership from knowledgeable advisors; and, most importantly, (7) a united and
consistent political will to proceed.
ISSUES IN FORMATION OF
MUNICIPALLY-OWNED ELECTRIC UTILITIES
Communities contemplating formation of municipal electric utilities are often
dissatisfied with the rates or service of their local utility. Some municipalities seek local
control of their electric futures. A City's goal is often not formation of a municipal
system, but rate reductions, service improvements or local autonomy. It is generally
only after unsuccessful negotiations - or attempts to negotiate - that a City begins the
normally arduous task of forming a municipal utility.
~ Ms. Fogel, a partner at Verner, Liipfert, Bernhard, McPherson and Hand, has
practiced utility law for almost twenty-four years. Prior to becoming an attorney, she was on
the Legislative Staff of the American Public Power Association for five years.
-2-
There are a number of threshold issues that must be examined prior to
proceeding with a new municipal utility. Some of them are legal, some engineering and
economic and some a combination. Probably the single most important issue is the
project's, political feasibility. Each must be kept in mind when determining whether to
proceed. The following discussion touches on some of the major issues confronting a
municipality seeking to form a city-owned system.
. Buy vs. Build
One threshold issue in establishing a city-owned system is whether the City
plans to purchase the existing distribution system (through voluntary agreement or
condemnation) or to construct a new system. Massena, New York purchased its utility, '... ....
while Clyde, Ohio decided to construct a separate system. In analyzing whether to buy
or build, consideration must be given to a number of factors, including the following.. ~:,~
1. Potential for Voluntary Purchase. The quickest and easiest way of fo?ming
a municipal system is a voluntary agreement to purchase the distribution facilities of the .
existing supplier. Unfortunately, such "voluntary purchase" often comes after years of
litigation. For example, New Orleans Public Service, Inc. and the City of New Orleans
eventually came to a "voluntary" purchase agreement (which ultimately was not
instituted), but only after the City had defeated the company in a number of legal
battles. The Town of Massena, New York engaged in seven years of litigation before an
agreement was reached. After many years of litigation, Las Cruces, New Mexico
entered into an agreement which compensated the City for all past expenses incurred
in pursuing a municipal electric utility and allowed it to purchase the utility at a specified
future time and price, should it decide to do so.
-3-
In contrast, a priVate utility which served only the Town of Sherrill, New York
reached a voluntary agreement.to sell its facilities. A large local manufacturer was a
strong supporter of the Sherrill municipal utility.
The first step in examining formation of a municipal utility is a determination of
whether a voluntary'agreement is feasible. If it is, the municipality and the utility will
save substantial time and money. If not, the municipality must look at other issues in
determining whether to buy or build.
2. Le.qal Authority To Condemn. Most municipalities have the right of eminent
domain which enables them to condemn utility facilities, and some states give
municipalities specific statutory or constitutional authority to condemn utility property.
Normally, municipalities may condemn property pursuant to their general condemnation
authority. Some municipalities, such as the City of Casselberry, Florida, have in their
franchise with the local Utility a specific.right to purchase, sometimes accompanied by a
valuation methodology or procedure.
However, some states have a more restrictive view of municipal condemnation
authority. To the extent the ability to condemn is restricted, the franchise does not
require a sale, and the local utility will not voluntarily sell, a City may consider
construction of an alternative system rather than purchase of the existing system.
There is an added twist when a utility, like Pacific Gas & Electric Company, is in
bankruptcy. The bankruptcy court imposes an automatic stay on litigation regarding the
utility's assets. Las Cruces was able to persuade the El Paso Electric Company
-4-
("EPE") bankruptcy court to lift the stay for condemnation proceedings; however the
court required the City to return prior to taking actual possession of EPE's facilities.2
3. Ability to Oust. Where a utility lacks a valid franchise, a municipality typically
has the.ability to oust the utility. Sometimes, prior public utility commission approval is
required prior to ouster. For example, the Ohio Supreme Court found that Clyde, Ohio
could not require Toledo Edison Company to cease serving existing customers without
approval of the Public Utilities Commission of Ohio, even though Toledo Edison's
franchise had expired. However, Clyde could serve new customers to the exclusiOn of
Toledo Edison because the franchise had expired. If it has the right to oust, a
municipality may construct a separate distribution system and require the utility
currently serving the municipalitY to remove its facilities. ~ ;,~
If a municipality lacks the ability to oust, construction of a separate distribution ,,:..
system may require door-to-door competition. Unless the municipality's rates are .~': .... ,~i
anticipated to be so Iow that the utility cannot compete, the City must take into account .:~,
such potential competition - as well as any competition from a state's restructuring - in .~
order to determine the economic feasibility of the project.
4. Valuation. Where a municipality constructs a separate distribution system,
the existing utility is not entitled to direct damages. -Inverse condemnation awards are
extremely difficult to obtain, and the author is unaware of any such award for
construction of an alternative distribution system. Therefore, to the extent that
potentially large condemnation damages are anticipated, construction of a separate
2 Las Cruces has not proceeded through the condemnation process, and EPF: is
now out of bankruptcy.
-5-
system may be the better means. It should be noted, however, that a municipality may
be required to pay stranded costs if. it builds a separate system and uses the
transmission facilities of its former supplier, and, in certain circumstances, even if it
does not use the transmission facilities.
§. Public Perception. Construction of a separate system raises the specter of
duplication of facilities, which could be both uneconomic and aesthetically unpleasant.
An active campaign by EPE and Central and Southwest ("CSW")3 in Las Cruces led to
public opposition to a separate distribution system. Therefore, the ballot question in
Las Cruces was directed toward the purchase of the EPE system, rather than
construction of a separate system.
6. Use of Tax-Exempt Bonds. Pursuant to 1987 amendments to the Internal
Revenue Code, municipalities may not use tax-exempt financing to purchase facilities
of investor-owned electric utilities unless they obtain a portion of their state's volume
cap for such financing. 26 U.S.C. § 141 (1988). If a municipality is unable to obtain a
portion of the state's volume cap, it could use tax-exempt financing by constructing a
new distribution system. There is no limitation on the use of tax-exempt financing for
such initial construction.
Transmission Access
Until the end of 1992, municipalities seeking to form their own electric utility
faced a quandary: In order to purchase power at wholesale from a supplier other than
their I°cal utility, which they sought to replace at retail, they had to obtain transmission
3 At the time, CSW and EPE were planning to merge.
-6-
services from that utility. Local investor-owned utilities were reluctant to open up their
transmission system to assist a competitor.
To obtain access, municipalities were forced to resort to an antitrust remedy4
unless they were fortunate enough to seek transmission service from a utility subject to
Nuclear Regulatory Commission antitrust license conditions which required
transmission service.5 In 1978, Congress passed the Public Utility Regulatory Policies
Act which gave the Federal Energy Regulatory Commission ("FERC") authority to order
transmission service -- but only if it reasonably preserved existing competitive
relationships, a factor which would preclude required transmission for new municipal
utilities.
Finally, in 1992, Congress gave the FERC unfettered authority to order wheeling.
16 U.S.C. §§ 824j and 824k. The FERC, pursuant to Order No. 888 and its progeny,
requires all jurisdictional utilities to file open access transmission tariffs. Despite this
requirement, utilities may still refuse to transmit power for a potential competitor. For
example, EPE consistently refused to grant transmission access to allow service to Las
Cruces, claiming lack of transmission capacity. Ultimately, the FERC ordered such
service, but only after years of litigation.
4 Antitrust relief resulted in wheeling to Elbow Lake, Minnesota. See United States
v. Otter Tail Power Co., 410 U.S. 366 (1973). However, engineering claims by Niagara
Mohawk Power Corp. precluded a wheeling order in response to an antitrust claim brought
by the Town of Massena, New York. See Town of Massena v. Niaqara Mohawk Power Corp.,
1980-2 Trade Cases & 63,526 (N.D.N.Y. 1980).
5 Pursuant to Section 105c of the Atomic Energy Act, 42 U.S.C. § 2135(c) (1973),
the Nuclear Regulatory Commission may impose antitrust license conditions on owners of
nuclear powerplants. Some of the conditions imposed require transmission service to
competitors.
-7-
Transmission access should be easier in the future. The FERC is encouraging
formation .of regional transmission organizations ("RTOs") which will be run
independently from generation providers. An independent RTO is likely to grant
transmission access to a newly-formed municipal utility which meets objective criteria.
In contrast, a current retail supplier of electricity may refuse transmission service in
order to quash attempts to form a new municipal Utility.
Transmission Pricin.q
While transmission access may no longer be a problem for new municipals,
transmission pricing may raise additional hurdles. Currently, an entity seeking network
transmission service would be required to pay for a pro-rata share of the network. An
entity whose needs will be met only by upgrading existing transmission capacity may be
required to pay for all or part of the upgrade.
Formation of' RTOs will make transmission pricing more uniform and should
prevent discrimination against new municipal utilities by former retail suppliers.
However, as discussed below, the FERC may order payment of stranded costs by a
municipality which accesses the wholesale power market by using the transmission
facilities of its former retail supplier.
Stranded Costs
Any municipality seeking to form an electric utility will likely be presented with the
threat of "stranded costs," which are generally defined as those above market costs
which the current retail supplier will forgo if it loses a customer Before forming a
municipal utility, it is essential to understand the implication of potential stranded cost
recovery.
-8-
Theoretically, stranded costs are imposed as a vehicle to allow transition from
regulation t° competition in the electric utility industry. Utilities, which had an obligation
to serve ultimate consumers, were required to construct or purchase sufficient
generation and transmission to meet needs of native Icad customers. In return, state
commissions granted utilities the ability to maintain a monopoly in their service
territories..This concept is often termed "the regulatory compact." As both wholesale
and retail competition for customers became possible, those utilities demanded
.recovery of stranded costs in exchange for allowing competition.
Of course, these arguments were not as precise as the "sound bites" indicate.
Long before recent competitive initiatives, many states specifically allowed
displacement of investor-owned utilities with municipally-owned electric utilities.
Municipalities in some states, such as Ohio had constitutional authority to form
municipal utilities. Prior to recent years, there were limited assertions that formation
municipal utilities led to stranded costs.
Many states and the FERC have allowed recovery for stranded costs upon
formation of a new municipal utility. The FERC required, payment of stranded costs by
new municipally-owned electric utilities through Order No. 888, issued in 1996. Order
No. 888 reqUired new municipal utilities to pay stranded costs in the following "
circumstances:
· Where the former retail supplier had a "reasonable expectation" to continue
to serve the municipality.
· Where a municipality continued to take transmission service from the former
retail supplier.
9
· Where there were stranded costs as measured by the FERC formula.6
Individual states may. allow stranded cost recovery where the FERC does not.
The FERC has deferred on two occasions to the New York State Public Service
Commission ("PSC"), which allows stranded cost recovery without qualifications of
either "reasonable expectation" or transmission service from the former provider. It may
well defer to any other state which has a means of determining stranded costs.
To put the stranded cost issue in perspective, it may be useful to describe how
the FERC and the New York State PSC decided the first two stranded cost cases. In
City of Las Cruces, New Mexico v. El Paso Electric Company, 87 FERC ¶ 61,201
(1999), the FERC decided that reasonable expectation must be measured from the
time that costs Were incurred by the utility. In the Las Cruces case, the FERC decided
that EPE incurred above-market costs in 1987, when costs of its nuclear pOwer plant
went into rate base;-?-'lt then determined that EPE's planning horizon wastwenty years.
Equating planning horizon with reasonable expectation for this case, the FERC found
that stranded costs would be recovered by 2006, twenty years after costs were
incurred.
Logically, if a municipal utility purchases a distribution system through
condemnation, it should not be required to pay stranded distribution costs. Where that
municipality will use the transmission system of its former supplier, it should not be
6 That formula is as follows: Revenue stream received by the utility for the prior
three years from the municipality, less the prospective alternative cost of energy times the
number of years the utility reasonably expected to continue to serve the municipality.
? Because Las Cruces entered into a settlement with El Paso Electric Company
("EPE"), the FERC never decided on rehearing whether reasonable expectation shOuld,
instead, be measured from the time a plant was completed if that the plant were completed
- continued-
-10-
required to pay any stranded transmission costs, because it will be paying full FERC-
approved transmission rates. The Administrative Law Judge in the Las Cruces case
had determined that EPE's revenue stream, for the purposes of the FERC formula,
excluded all distribution and transmission revenues. The FERC affirmed this decision.
In identifying the competitive market value of energy, the FERC decided that, for
this case, it would equal the cost of EPE's purchase of power from Southwestern Public
Service Company. This cost was specified in large part because of transmission
constraints making it difficult to import power from other sources into New Mexico.
Based upon this analysis, the FERC determined that Las Cruces must pay a
declining amount of stranded costs beginning with approximately $53 million if it began
service in July 1999 and declining annually to approximately $9 million in January 2006
and nothing by 2007. Significantly, EPE initially claimed stranded costs of $234 milliQn:~.
Stranded costs for the Village of Lakewood, New York ("Village" or "Lakewood~?).;¥..
which is seeking to displace Niagara Mohawk Power Corporation ("Niagara Mohawk")
within the Village, were determined by the New York PSC in a decision issued
September 13, 2000; however, the case remains pending on rehearing. In New York,
the PSC adopted for Niagara Mohawk a calculation of stranded costs which appears
similar to the FERC calculation but actually has substantial differences. The formula in
New York is revenue stream estimate minus competitive market price of power times
the length of time it would take Niagara Mohawk to recover its stranded costs.
- continued from previous page -
prior to the time costs were included in rate base.
-11 -
While the FERC looked at an historic revenue stream for the prior three years,
the New York PSC examined a future estimated revenue stream. An estimated
revenue stream attempts to quantify uncertain future rates and power usage.
While the FERC eliminated all transmisSion and distribution costs from the
revenue stream, the New York PSC allowed recovery of what it considered to be
stranded transmission costs and eliminated only those distribution costs it believed
would be avoided upon departure of a municipal utility.
While the FERC allowed recovery only for a "reasonable expectation" period,
New York allowed recovery for the length of time that it would take Niagara Mohawk to
recover stranded costs, which it determined to be an 11 year period.
In determining the competitive market value of energy, the New York PSC
determined a short-term cost of power based upon then-current New York rates and a
long-term cost of power based upon expected costs for new generation and natural
gas, expected to be the fuel of choice for new plants. Lakewood sought rehearing
based, in part, on new information showing dramatically increased costs of new
generation and related fuel.
In addition, the New York PSC required payment of the rate base amount for
Niagara Mohawk's distribution and street lighting plant in Lakewood. Because existing
rates for Niagara Mohawk provide that urban captive customers subsidize rural captive
customers, this rate base amount was almost double the actual depreciated cost of the
facilities in Lakewood. Similarly, Niagara Mohawk's entire'revenue stream was higher
because of this subsidy. Consequently, more than 25 percent of the awarded stranded
costs resulted from the subsidy.
Initially,. Niagara Mohawk estimated its stranded costs at more than $18 million
and the New York PSC staff estimated stranded costs of $15.5 to $16.5 million. Both
analyses included the rate based cost of facilities. Lakewood estimated stranded costs
of approximately $5 million plus the cost of facilities. The New York PSC allowed
stranded costs of slightly less than $14.5 million, assuming that Lakewood formed a
municipal electric utility as of January 1,2001. Based upon a stipulation between the
parties, this amount should be reduced to reflect Niagara Mohawk's sale of its nuclear
power plants.
Currently, the Lakewood case is being considered on rehearing. When the New
York PSC requested comments on this rehearing, the New York Attorney General
stated that no exit fee was warranted. He asserted that any stranded costs would be
anticompetitive and discriminatory and questioned whether Lakewood should pay for~,~;
Niagara Mohawk's bad business decisions. The New York PSC staff agreed with'
Lakewood.that an updated analysis should be performed based upon the current, and
higher costs of natural gas.
Both the Las Cruces and Lakewood cases show declining stranded costs for the
future. Such declining costs are supported by both the theory for stranded costs and
related facts. Stranded costs were allowed for the period of transition between
regulated generation sales and unregulated sales. In the present situation, those
stranded costs should dramatically decrease for the following reasons:
· Five years have passed since Order No. 888 and two years since the Las
Cruces decision; therefore, the years of'reasonable expectation and
resulting stranded costs have decreased. For example, Las Cruces'
-13-
stranded cost payment, as determined by the FERC, would have been
$52.9 million as of July 1, 1999 but would be $39.7 million as of January
1, 2002.
· The competitive cost of power has increased dramatically. Thus, there
may be limited or even negative stranded costs when past revenue.
streams are compared to current and future costs of power.
· Some utilities have already recovered stranded costs through state
deregulation plans, such as in California. Because the FERC has
deferred to state processes, it should defer to state stranded cost
determinations.
In addition, some municipalities may present special circumstances which could
lead to a decision that no stranded costs need be paid. For example, many
municipalities served: by Florida Power Corporation have a specific franchise provision
allowing purchase of the distribution system at a price set by arbitration when the
franchise expires. Although the FERC has not addressed this situation, there is a
strong argument that, after franchise expiration, Florida Power Corporation did not
reasonably expect to serve customers which had this franchise provision.
Despite these optimistic projections, however, the FERC could still allow
stranded cost recovery. They have set forth a procedure for an early estimate of
stranded costs, to be considered if a municipality decides to examine formation of a
municipal utility.
Pursuant to the FERC procedure, a municipality may request a utility's stranded
cost estimate using the FERC formula. The utility must respond within 30 days. Within
-14-
30 days the municipality may respond. If the municipality and the utility are unable to
reach agreement regarding the appropriate amount of stranded costs, if any, to be
recovered, the municipality may either (1) seek a declaratory order from the FERC or
(2) wait for the utility to seek stranded costs.
A utility's estimated stranded costs, as filed at the FERC, either in response to a
request for a declaratory order by a municipality or as requested by the utility, constitute
the maximum amount of stranded costs a utility may seek. In addition, a municipality
may require a utility to sell power to it at the utility's estimated competitive market value
of energy. Such requirement is triggered by a municipality's request not later than 30
days after the utility files its estimate of stranded costs with the FERC.
Feasibility: Le.qal and Economic
Some of the legal feasibility issues, discussed above, include:
· Abilityto condemn
· Ability to obtain transmission access
· Ability to oust
· Use of tax-exempt financing
Other legal feasibility issues include: (1) determination of any state procedures
for formation of municipal utilities and condemnation; (2) identification of any valuation
standards used by the state; (3) determination of the appropriate governing body for a
new municipal; (4) identification of referendum requirements; and (5) determination of
any required action before the state public utility commission.
Economic feasibility includes a number of valuation issues. Potentially the
largest item is stranded costs, as discussed in the preceding section. In addition, if a
-15-
municipality plans to construct a separate distribution system, the layout, timing, and
cost of such system must be determined. If a municipality plans to purchase or
condemn a distribution system, it will be necessary to identify the cost of the system
based upon alternative valuation methodologies, and the exposure for consequential
and severance damages. Valuation issues in condemnation include the following:
· The customers who will be served by the new municipal utility. With retail
competition, new municipal systems are no longer assured they will serve all
of the customers within their boundaries.
· Whether the physical propertY will be assessed based upon original cost less
depreciation, reproduction cost new less depreciation (which assumes
duplication of the exact system being valued) or replacement cost less
depreciation (which assumes construction of a new and modern system).
· Whetherthe municipality must pay consequential or severance damages.
Typically, investor-owned utilities attempt to maximize their damages by
seeking the cost of disconnecting and then reconnecting distribution facilities.
In the condemnation case involving the Town of Massena, the
Commissioners of Appraisal rejected such an attempt, claiming that the utility
and the Town could cooperate in using the other system's facilities.
· Whether any going concern value will be allowed. Some courts add some
value solely on the basis that a utility is a going business. Others have
valued based upon capita!ization of earnings. If such valuation method is
used, there is a strong potential for mischief based upon the method of
projecting earnings.
-16-
Political Feasibility
Legal and economic feasibility issues pale in comparison to that of political
feasibility. Residents who seek to form municipally-owned electric utilities almost
always face opposition from a well-financed local utility which wants to retain its native
load customers. Thus, municipalities must anticipate an active campaign to defeat any
referendum and to exhaust the City -- financially and emotionally -- through long and
hard-fought legal battles.
Very simply, if a City lacks a very strong political will to form a municipal system,
it will fail. Such a political will may be assisted by thorough planning and organization
throughout the process. Some'suggestions include the following: ~,.
· Carefully document legal and economic feasibility. The current retail
supplier in a municipality will likely begin a strong attack early. By being. ~.~.,
thoroughly prepared in this area, local supporters will be able to respond ':~?' ?..,
quickly and effectively to any attack. Early analyses for Las Cruces enabled
the City to combat legal and technical arguments during the political
campaign prior to a referendum on forming a municipal utility. In addition,
technical consultants were able to respond promptly to the erroneous
assumptions set forth in two technical reports issued during the campaign.
· Identify voter interest and concerns, In Las Cruces, the City conducted a
poll of residents. As a result, the City determined that the citizens had
concerns about formation of a separate distribution system but would like to
displace EPE with a municipal system through purchase or condemnation.
-17-
Ti~erefore, the City did not Put the separate distribution system option on the
ballot. -.., ....
· Gather and retain information. During the campaign, a lot of information
will be developed and disseminated. It is important to organize files of
information in a central depository so that efficiency is maximized and
important information is not lost.
· Develop a theme. Most cities which seek to form a municipal system do so
because of frustration with rates or service from local utilities. Themes
addressing this frustration are useful. For example, there were signs in Las
Cruces pic,L';qg up on the 1992 Clinton Presidentia~ campaign and
proclaiming: "It's rates, stupid." Campaign buzz. words emphasized local
control and exile of the disliked local utility. In Las Cruces, campaign buttons
proclaimed: "Pull theplug" on. EPE. Campaign ads urged citizens to "Plug
into City Power."
· Simplify the story. It is better to explain the advantages of forming a
municipal system in a few sentences rather than a long document. For
example, utilities often predict dire consequences from forming a municipal
utility. A clear, succinct, and factual rebuttal is the best approach.
· Seek help from your friends. Las Cruces called upon speakers involved in
efforts to form a municipal utility in Toledo and New Orleans and
representatives of successful municipal systems.
· Encourage support from community groups. Most communities have
groups with common interests, such as the chamber of Commerce, church
-18-
groups, educators, and senior citizens. Each group normally has specific
leaders and interests. By identifying the advantages of public power for those
groups, a community can garner support from the leaders and, in turn, the
leaders can assist in talking with the members. To the extent that leaders
support the opposition, find members of the group which support the City's
position.
· Speak at community events. Most communities have periodic meetings of
business and social groups. These events allow the opportunity to discuss
the City's interests and the advantages of forming a municipal utility.
· Talk to the medi~, -- early, thorou.3hly and often. It is useful to prepare a
media briefing package answering questions regarding the legal and
economic feasibility of the project, the benefits of public power generally, and
the specific benefits anticipated within the community. Local radio and
television talk shows and public hearings are good forums for presenting
facts to both the media and the public.
· Constantly review and revise strategy. Strategy in developing a municipal
uIility is appropriately both proactive and reactive. Through constant contact
with voters and community organizations, supporters .of a municipal utility will
obtain citizen feedback, which should be shared with other supporters and
factored into the City's plans and communications.
-19-
CONCLUSION
The first and final words in forming a municipal utility are honesty and.accuracy.
A municipality is -- or should be -- responsive to the needs and wishes of its citizens.
First, the City must gather the facts regarding economic and legal feasibility. If the City
determines that a municipal utility will be uneconomic or legally infeasible, the effort
should be abandoned unless the problems can be overcome.
In pursuing formation of a municipal utility, it is more important to listen than to
speak. Understanding and responding to the views of citizens as to their interests
regarding electric Service are the basis of a successful election as well as a successful
· utility.
MEMORANDUM
iC~TY MANAGER'S
May 2, 2001
TO: Alan Tandy, City Manager ~.,~~
FROM: Jack Hardisty, Development Services ~_.
SUBJECT: 1820 D Street - Council'Referral# WF00~8~Y4 / 001
On May 1, 2001, the vacant lot at 1820 D Street was abated.
SD:cm
cc: Dennis Fidler, Building Director
Randy Fidler, Chief Code Enforcement Officer
! ~,'~L~-~ City of Bakersfield *REPRINT*
WORK REQUEST PAGE 1
REQ/JOB: WF0018814 / 001 PROJECT: DATE PRINTED: 5~03Z01
REQUEST DATE: 4/11/01
CREW: TIME PRINTED: 9:41:31
SCHEDULE DATES
LOCATION: ~'£'aK'r: ~11~01
LOCATION ID: ZIP CODE: COMPLETION: 4~19/01
GEN. LOC: FRoM:FACILITY NODES
FACILITY ID: TO:
REF NBR:
REQ DEPT: CITY COUNCIL REFERRAL PRIORITY: HIGH
REQUESTOR: COUNCILMEMBER BENHAM ORIGIN: CITY COUNCIL REFERRAL
USER ID: DSULLIVAN WORK TYPE: REFERRAL
DESCRIPTION: SIDEWALK CLEANUP ON 19TH & D
REQUEST COMMENTS
***REFERRAL TO PUBLIC WORKS DEPARTMENT***
BENHAM REFERRED THE ISSUE OF SIDEWALK MAINTENANCE
AT THE SOUTHEAST CORNER OF 19TH & D STREETS TO
PUBLIC WORKS.
Job Order Description: SIDEWALK CLEANUP ON 19TH & D
atpg ory: PUBLIC WORKS
asK: RESPONSE TO REFERRAL
Assigned Department: PUBLIC WORKS
INSTRUCTIONS
'£n~ ~±u~w~_uK AT THE SOUTHEAST CORNER OF 19TH & D
STREETS IS ON THE STREET DIVISION'S CONCRETE
REPAIR LIST AND SCHEDULED FOR REMOVAL AND
REPLACEMENT THE WEEK OF MAY 21, 2001. THE OVER-
GROWN WEED PROBLEM IS BEHIND THE ~ID~WALK ON THE
VACANT LOT AT THIS LOCATION. ON 4/16/01'sCHIEFwA
CODE ENFORCEMENT OFFICER RANDY FIDLER
CONTACTED ABOUT THE OVERGROWN WEEK PROBLEM., CODE
ENFORCEMENT WILL BE HANDLING THE CLEAN UP ISSUE.
RESPONSE TO THIS REFERRAL IS COMPLETE AND
CONSIDERED SATISFIED.
START DATE / / COMPLETION DATE __/__/__
CITY MANAGER'S :-'
May 2, 2001
TO: COUNCIL MEMBER SUE BENHAM
,,~
/
FROM: BART J. THILTGEN, CITY ATTORNEY /
GINNY GENNARO, DEPUTY CITY ATTORNE/Y.
Subject: SKATEBOARD RESTRICTIONS
COUNCIL REFERRAL NO. WF0018827 1 002 (WARD 2)
Council Member Benham requested staff to give a response to issues presented by
Old Town Kern merchants re: expansion of skateboard restrictions in their area
Staff is working on an ordinance modification to address this issue. The proposed
ordinance will be presented at the June 25, 2001 Legislative and Litigation Committee
meeting.
BJT/GG:alj
cc: Honorable Mayor and Council Members
Alan Tandy, City Manager
S:\COUNClL\Refen'als\SkateboardRestrictions. OIdTown.wpd
!i ECE!VED
BAKERSFIELD
PUBLIC WORKS DEPARTMENT
MEMORANDUM
TO: ALAN TANDY, CITY MANAGER
FROM: ~)~ ~CQUES R. LaROCHELLE,
f(~ INTERIM PUBLIC WORKS DIRECTOR
DATE: APRIL 30, 2001
SUBJECT: WALL STREET ALLEY
Referral Record # WF0018828 001 - Ward 2
Councilmember Benham requested that the dumpsters in the alley on Wall Street be
removed for the next Downtown Street Faire due to activities scheduled in the alley.
Staff attended a meeting on May 2nd with Cathy Butler of the Downtown Business
Association and some of the Wall Street business owners. As staff has told this group
for several years, permanent removal of the refuse bins from along the alley for
aesthetic improvement depends on establishment of alternate, and perhaps common,
areas for containers. Group cooperation has not been achieved in this regard, in spite
of staff offering the use of a common bin area at the 18'" Street parking structure. The
group expressed hope that the charrette would finally help develop a new
arrangement. Staff will participate in the process and recommend the establishment
and use of a common area compactor unit similar to those in shopping malls.
For an immediate short term solution with the upcoming Farmers Markets and Street
Fairs, staff has made arrangements. The group wishes to temporarily relocate the bins
to one area of the alley just for the duration of the events. Staff will reschedule the
regular service days to occur the day of the events at no extra charge in order for the
bins to be easily moveable by the group.
As an extra help to the group, staff recommended they save money by using folding,
reusable cardboard litter receptacles with plastic bag liners at the events. Staff
arranged these for the First Night events, and they were more economical than the
extra handling and washing of plastic cads. As a bonus, the cardboard receptacles can
be printed with a promotional message or logo. Ms. Butler will consider these.
C:~Documenls and Sellings~mpe,ralez\Local Sellings\Temp~WallSIre.wpd
RECEIVED
· MEMORANDUM HAY- 3 2001
CITY MANAGER'S OF::I{..."
May 3, 2001
TO: COUNCIL MEMBER SUE BENHAM
FROM: BART J. THILTGEN, CITY ATTORNEY ,
CARL HERNANDEZ III, DEPUTY CITY ATTORNEY~,'t7A--
Subject: ORDINANCES REGARDING ALCOHOL OR DRUG ABUSE
RECOVERY FACILITIES
COUNCIL REFERRAL NO. WF0018835 1 003 (WARD 2)
Council Member Benham requested that this office address the issue of concentration
of "half-way houses" in Wards 2 and 3 and to review any ordinances addressing this
issue.
Alcohol and drug recovery facilities serving six or fewer persons are a permitted use
in any R-1 (single-family dwelling) zone. These facilities are considered a residential use
of property for all purposes, and the residents and operators of the facility are considered
"a family" and are allowed to be located in any R-1 zone in which a traditional family may
reside. This requirement is stated in section 11834.23 of the Health & Safety Code as well
as Chapter 17.10.020 of the Bakersfield Municipal Code, both of which are attached to this
memorandum for your review. The City can regulate the building safety aspects of such
uses, as it does with traditional single-family uses, but cannot prohibit these uses from
locating in R-1 zones throughout the City.
Alcohol and drug recovery facilities serving seven or more persons require a
conditional use permit to operate in the City. An application must be presented before the
City's Board of Zoning Adjustment which makes a discretionary determination of whether
the use can be located in the proposed zone. 'Federal and state housing laws prohibit
intentional discrimination against recovering alcoholics and drug abusers. Such laws also
require that the City reasonably accommodate housing for such persons in making zoning
decisions. Thus, the City cannot deny a conditional use permit simply based on the fact
S:\COUNCIL\Referrals\DrugAbuseResRecoveryFacilities.wpd
COUNCIL MEMBER SUE BENHAM
May 3, 2001
Page 2
that the proposed use is an alcohol and drug recovery facility, but can place conditions on
such facilities to mitigate land use impacts such as limiting the number of occupants and
regulating parking.
In sum, the City is bound by state law to allow alcohol and drug recovery facilities
consisting of six or fewer persons in single family residential zones, as a matter of right.
Facilities of seven or more persons must obtain a conditional use permit, but the City
cannot disallow such uses solely because they are alcohol or drug abuse recovery
facilities.
BJT/CH:Isc
Enclosures
cc: Honorable Mayor and Council Members
Alan Tandy, City Manager
Jack Hardisty, Development Services Director
S:\COUNClL\Referrals\DrugAbuseResRecoveryFacilities.wpd
ALCOHOL ABUSE PROGRAMS § 11834.23
This section shall not be construed to prohibit any interested party from
bringing suit to invoke the provisions of this article.
Added Stats 1984 ch 1667 § 2. Amended Stats 1989 ch 919 § 16.
Amendments:
1989 Amendment: Substituted "or drug abuse recovery or t~eatment" for "recovery"
after "alcoholism" in the first paragraph.
Editor's NoteS--For adoption of regulations, see the 1989. Note following H & S C § 11830.
§ 11834.22. Taxes and fees
An alcoholism or drug abuse recovery or treatment facility which Serves
six or fewer persons shall not be subject to any business taxes, local
registration fees, use permit fees, or other fees to which other single-
family dwellings are not likewise subject. Nothing in this section shall be
construed to forbid the imposition of local property taxes, fees for water
service and garbage collection, fees for inspections not prohibited by Sec-
tion 11834.23, local bond assessments, and other fees, charges, and as-
sessments to which other single-family dwellings are likewise subject.
Neither the State Fire Marshal nor any local public entity shall charge any
fee for enforcing fire inspection regulations pursuant to state law' 'or
regulation or local ordinance, with respect to alcoholism or drug abuse
i~:overy or treatment facilities which serve six or fewer persons'. ~-
Added Stats 1984 ch 1667 § 2. Amended Stats 1989 ch 919 § 17]
Amendments:
1989 Amendment: Substituted (1) "or drug abuse recovery or treatment" for "recov-'
cry" after "alcoholism" both times it appears; and (2) "Section 11834.23" for "Sec~
tion 1834.23".
Editor's Notes--For adoption of regulations, see the 1989 Note following H & S C § 11830.
§ 11834.23. Zoning laws
~ Whether or not unrelated persons are living together, an alcoholism or
drug abuse recovery or treatment facility which serves six or fewer
persons shall be considered a residential use of property for the purposes
of this article. In addition, the residents and operators of such a facility
shall be considered a family for the purposes of any law or zoning
ordinance which relates to the residential use of property pursuant to this
· article.
For the purpose of all local ordinances, an alcoholism or drug abuse
: reCOvery or treatment facility which serves six or fewer persons shall not
be included within the. definition of a boarding house, i'ooming house,
institution or home for the care of minors, the aged, or the mentally infirm,
foster care home, guest home, rest home, sanitarium, mental hygiene
home, or other similar term which implies that the alcoholism or drag
277
/
§ 11834.23 ALCOHOL AND DRUG PROGRAMS
abuse recovery or treatment home is a business run for profit or differsul~/
.any other way from a single-family residence.
This section shall not be construed to forbid any city, county, or other 1~5~!~
cal public entity from placing restrictions on building heights, setback,
dimensions; or placement of signs of an alcoholism or drug abuse recovery~i~
or treatment facility which serves six or fewer persons as long as
restrictions .are identical to those applied to other single-family residences.~i?
This section shall not be cOnstrued to forbid the application to an alcohol-~
ism or drug abuse recovery or treatment facility of any local
which deals with health and safety, building standards, environmental.?~;~lt
impact standards, or any other matter within the jurisdiction of a
public entity. However, the ordinance shall not distinguish alcohohsm or
drug abuse recovery or treatment facilities which serve s~x or
persons from other single-family dwellings or distinguish residents'.~?~l
alcoholism or drug abuse recovery or treatment facilities from
who reside in other single-family dwellings."
No conditional use permit, zomng variance, or otlaer zomng
shall be required of an alcoholism or drug abuse recovery or treatme.'~fi~(~
facility which serves six or fewer' persons that is not required of a singl~-!~!~
family residence in the same zone·
17910) of Division 13 or local building codes. However, nothing in ~I
section is intended to supersede Section 13143 or 13143.6, to the extent~i:!!~
those sections are applicable to alcoholism or drug abuse recovery o~?I
treatment facilities serving six or fewer residents.
Added Stats 1984 ch 1667 § 2. Amended Stats 1989 ch 919 § 18.
Amendments:
· 1989 Amendment: (1) Substituted "or drug abuse recovery or treatment" for "recov-
ery'' after "alcoholism" wherever it appears; and (2) amended the sixth paragraph by
(a) adding "or drug abuse" after "alcoholism" in the first sentence; and (b) substitut-
ing "or drug abuse recovery or treatment facilities serving" for "recovery facilities
providing care for" after "alcoholism" in the second sentence.
Editor's Notes~For adoption of regulations, see the 1989 Note following H & S C ·
§ 11830. '~
11834.24. Fire inspection clearances
No fire inspection clearance or other permit, license, clearance, or similar
authorization shall be denied to an alcoholism or drug abuse recovery
treatment facility because of a failure to comply with local ordinances
from which the facility is exempt under Section 11834.23, if the apphcant
otherwise qualifies for a fire clearance, license, permit, or similar authod,'{ii!l
zation.
Added Stats 1984 ch 1667 § 2. Amended Stats 1989 ch 919 § 19.
278
17.10.010
Chapter 17.10 4. A sales office shall be located in a model home;
however a separate temporary' office which may include
R-1 ONE-FAMILY DWELLING ZONE a commercial coach or mobile home, is permitted for a
period not to exceed ninety days pending completion of
Sections: construction of the model home. Any sales office located
17.10.010 Generally. in the garage portion of a model home shall be removed
17.10.020 Uses permitted, and converted to a garage prior to the building depart-
17.10.030 Building height, ment releasing covenants restricting the model home's
17.10.040 Front yard. sale and issuing a certificate of occupancy.
17.10.050 Side yards. 5. The vehicle route leading to and in front of any
'17.10.060 Rear yard. sales office, shall be paved from an existing improved
17.10.070 Minimum lot area. public stxeet prior to the public being invited to that
17.10.075 E (Estate one-family dwelling) office regarding sales of lots and/or homes in the tract;
zone. H. Small family day care home as defined in Section
17,10.080 Distance between buildings on 17.04.160;
the same lot. I. Second unit, as defined in Section 17.04.539 and
in compliance with the provisions of Chapter 17.65;
17.10.010 Generally. J. Large family day care home as de£med in Section
The regulations set out in this chapter shall apply in 17.04.159 and in compliance with the provisions of
the R-1 one-family dwelling zone unless otherwise pro- Chapter 17.67;
vided in this title. (Prior code § 17.13.010) K. Ramp, platform, basin, pool or other accessory
structure used for the riding of skateboards, rollerskates,
17.10.020 Uses permitted, rollerblades, bicycles, motorcycles, or similar devices,
The following uses are permitted in an R-1 zone: provided the structure does not exceed a vertical height
A. A one-family dwelling; (above or below grade) of four feet, or a horizontal area
B. Accessory buildings or slructures, including a (one sumcture or total combined area if multiple struc-
private garage the area of which shall not exceed twelve, tures) of one hundred twenty, square'feet. Such smactures
percent of the area of the lot; . -~ made nonconforming by this sUbS..~tii~n shall be brought
- C. Private greenhouses and horticultural col]'eefi6~, into conformance, obtain c0ndition~i Use approval, or be
flower and vegetable gardens and fruit trees, not used or removed by March 31, 1999;
intended for commercial purposes; L. Residential facility serving six or fewer persons.
D. Home occupations, as defined in Section (Ord. 3964 §§ 8, 9, 2000; Ord. 3868 § 1, 1998; Ord.
17.04.330 and in compliance with the provisions of 3838 § 1, 1998: Ord. 3768 § 6, 1997: Ord. 3613 § 4,
Chapter 17.63; 1994; Ord. 3518 § 2, 1993: Ord. 3477 § 7, 1992: Ord.
E. Swimming pools and hot tubs; 3226 § 3, 1989: Ord. 3087 § 1, 1987: Ord. 2985 § 1,
F. Garage and yard sales as defined in Section 1985: Ord. 2697 § 1, 1982: prior code § 17.13.020)
17.04.305;
G. Real Estate Tract Sales Office and Model Homes. 17.10.030 Building height.
1. Each subdivision tract is permitted a maximum Building height requirements in an R-1 zone shall not
of six model homes, one of which may include a sales exceed thirty-five feet. (Ord. 3964 § 10, 2000: prior code
tract office, for each home builder in the tract. Additional § 17.13.030)
model homes may be permitted subject to approval by the
planning director. 17.10.040 Front yard.
2. Model homes may be constructed prior to recor- A. Except as otherwise provided in Section
dation of a final map for the tract; however, no such 17.08.125, there shall be a front yard of not less than
home shall be offered for sale or rent, or be sold or twenty-five feet in depth measured from the front lot line.
rented until the final map has been recorded pursuant to B. On cul-de-sac Streets the front yard setback line
Title 16 of this code. shall be as follows:
3. Sales offices shall only be used during the origi- 1. A straight line drawn between two points located
nal sales of the lots and/or homes within the subdivision on the side property lines twenty-five feet back of the
tract in which they are located, front lot line. In no case shall any portion of this setback
line be less than fifteen feet fi.om the front lot line.
(Bakersfield 9-00) 684
MEMORANDUM
May 2, 2001
TO: COUNCIL MEMBER IRMA CARSON
FROM: BART J. THILTGEN, CITY ATTORNEY
WALTER H. PORR, JR., DEPUTY CITY ATTORNE
Subject: PAC MEMBERS REIMBURSEMENT '
COUNCIL REFERRAL NO. WF0018834 / 001 (WARD 1)
Council Member Carson requested staff to re-address a PAC member's request for
reimbursement and define a policy
The subject for reimbursement has been placed on the Redevelopment Agency's
agenda for its next meeting. As the Southeast PAC members have been repeatedly told,
it is the Redevelopment Agency which is ultimately responsible for all decisions related to
redevelopment funds and these funds are controlled by the Agency's budget, as approved
by the City Council. The Agency may, in its discretion, appropriate funds from the
Southeast Project Area operation's account to cover this expense.
The definition/creation of a policy concerning such expenditures is also a matter
committed to the Redevelopment Agency's discretion. Should it choose to adopt one, the
City Attorney's Office will provide the Agency with any assistance it deems necessary.
BJTNVHP:alj
cc: Honorable Mayor and Council Members'
Alan Tandy, City Manager
S:\COUNClL\Referrals\PACmember-Reimbursement.wpd
NAY - ~. 2001
C~TY MANAGER ,.,
BAKERSFIELD
PUBLIC WORKS DEPARTMENT
MEMORANDUM
TO: ALAN TANDY, CITY MANAGER
(~,~JAOQUES R. LaROCHELLE,
FROM: ~x0 INTERIM PUBLIC WORKS DIRECTOR
DATE: ~J May 2, 2001
SUBJECT: KERN RIVER FREEWAY
Referral Record # WF0018829 001 - Ward 4
Councilmember Couch requested staff provide copies of the approvals from all the
environmental agencies regarding the Kern River Freeway..
As of this date, staff has received no written correspondence pertaining to approvals from
environmental agencies regarding the Kern River Freeway. As Caltrans is the agency
preparing the Tier One Environmental Document, the City does not receive copies of this
correspondence during this process. However, staff routinely checks with Caltrans staff
regarding the progress and status of these approvals and the Environmental Document.
As of today, staff has been told by Caltrans staff that all agencies have approved the Tier
One Environmental Document orally, and further that all agencies have provided written
opinions of this approval except for Fish and Wildlife.
Nevertheless, none of these documents have been made available to the City or public,
and will not be available until the Federal Highway Administration (FHWA) publishes the
Final Environmental Document (which will contain these approvals) and accompanying
public notification. As soon as the Environmental Document is available, staff will provide
copies to all City Councilmembers who desire one. Thirty days after the date of publishing
and public notice, a Record of Decision (ROD) is published by the FHWA indicating the
end of the Tier One Environmental Process. Caltrans staff told City staff this week they
believe the document publishing/public notice to occur by the end of June, 2001 with a
ROD occurring late July, 2001.
G:\GROUPDAT~ReferraJs\Couch~00 l\KernRiverFreeway_W F0018829 001 .wpd
AY- 3 2001
i'~Ti'~~ 6/1AtN~L,F~:' '~
BAKERSFIELD
PUBLIC WORKS DEPARTMENT
MEMORANDUM
TO: ALAN TANDY, CITY MANAGER
FROM: (~)~CQUES R. LaROCHELLE,
1~)' INTERIM PUBLIC WORKS DIRECTOR
DATE: APRIL 30, 2001
SUBJECT: BRIMHALL ROAD TRAFFIC
Referral Record # WF0018830 001 - Ward 4
Councilmember Couch requested the Traffic Engineer do a traffic analysis of Brimhall
Road between Coffee and Calloway to determine if it should be upgraded from a
collector to an arterial.
Traffic Engineering researched the traffic volumes,'conditions and future traffic
projections for Brimhall Road. The road is only partially built and currently is a two lane
plus center turn lane road from Calloway to Coffee Roads. The road carries over
14,725 vehicles on a typical 24 hour weekday. The theoretical daily capacity of the
current facility is about 15,000 vehicles. The existing traffic volumes result in severe
congestion during the peak hours of the morning and evening commuter travel time.
The General Plan Circulation Element calls for this segment to be a 4 lane, plus center
turn lane, collector road. The road was designated as such in the general plan prior to
the current 2010 General plan.
When the road is widened to the ultimate configuration of 4 lanes, the capacity of the
road will be 40,000 vehicles per day with a Level of Service (LOS) "C" limit of 32,000
vehicles per day. The most recent Kern COG traffic model for 2020 projects that the
road will need to carry almost 32,000 vehicles per day between Coffee and Harvest
Creek Road and about 24,000 vehicles per day between Harvest Creek Road and
Calloway Drive. Of the remaining Bakersfield System Study alternatives, only number
20 (beltways only) show Brimhall exceeding the LOS C level of 32,000 in 2030.
In summary, while the expansion of Brimhall to an Arterial would be beneficial, it is not
needed in the next 20 to 30 years or more, after the road is completed to the
designated 4 lane collector per the 2010 General Plan.
C:~Documents and Sellings~mperalez\Local Seltings\Temp\BrimhallRoadTraffic_WF0018830 001.wpd
BAKERSFIELD
PUBLIC WORKS DEPARTMENT
TO: ALAN TANDY, City Manager
FROM: JACQUES R. LaROCHELLE,
Interim Public Works Director
DATE: May 2, 2001
SUBJECT: HIGH SPEED RAIL STATION
Council Referral No. WF0018843 / 001 (Ward 4)
Councilmember Couch requested that staff respond to selected questions on the fax I
that was received from Herman Ruddell regarding high speed rail concerns.
I
Staff prepared a response letter to Mr. Ruddell. A copy of that letter is attached. A copy
of that letter was also sent to Councilmember Couch per his request in the referral.
G:\GR~UPDA~~Referra~s\C~uch\2~~1\FaxFr~mHermanRudde~~-HighspeedRai~stati~n-wF~~18843 001 .wpd
B A K E R'S F I E L D
PUBLIC WORKS I)EPARTMENT-
1501 TRUXTUN AVENUE
BAKERSFIELD, CALIFORNIA 93301
(661) 326-3724
May 2, 2001 R*UL M. ROJAS, DIRECTOR. CITY ENGINEER
Herman Ruddell
Minter Field Airport District
201 Aviation Street
Shafter, CA '93263
RE: California High Speed Train System
Subject: Kern Transportation Foundation's (KTF) Report on Station Locations in Bakersfield
Your Concerns as Expressed in Facsimile to City Councilmember David Couch dated
April 25, 2001
Dear Mr. Ruddell: '
City Councilmember Couch requested that City staff respond to the questions at the bottom of the above
referenced facsimile.
Your first question was "Could supporting the KTF study be predisposing Bakersfield paying the cost of bringing
'Italian Plan' local track into the city? What is the cost?"
Our response to that question is as follows:
The City of Bakersfield has delivered a letter to the High Speed Rail Authority supporting the KTF
recommendation that three potential station locations be studied in further detail by the Authority. This
support does not commit the City to any specific station location nor to any specific routing concept for
the tracks into, through or out of the metropolitan area.
Cost studies were not included in the KTF study scope of work. City staff has not prepared any cost
estimates of any portion of the high speed train system. Preparation of those estimates is properly the
responsibility of the Authority during their various studies.
Your second question Was "Since there are no mandatory urban speed reductions, how does each Downtown
site really rate as a direct service Site?"
Our response to that question is as follow:
- The KTF committee evaluated each site under both the direct track scenario and the indirect, or 'Italian
Plan', track scenarioi' Under the direct track scenario, the evaluation of each site considered the relative.
expense of constructing main line tracks to the station location. If you desire more information on the
evaluation parameters used by the committee, I suggest that you contact either Dale Mills or Dale
Hawley of the Foundation.
Very truly yours,
Jacques R. LaRochelle
Interim Public Works Director -
c: David Couch
Reading File
S:\PROJECTS~ARNOLD\HIGH SPI~ED RAIL\Ruddell 05 02 01.wpd
BAKERSFIELD
A[an Tand¥ · City Manager
April 30, 2001
John Barna, Deputy Director
California High Speed Rail Authority
925 L Street, Suite 1425
Sacramento, CA 9581.4
RE: High Speed Rail Station Locations in Bakersfield, California
Dear Mr. Barna:
In 1999, the City Council of the City of Bakersfield adopted a resolution supporting a downtown.
location for the Bakersfield station on the high speed rail system. A copy of that resolution is
attached. The City Council still maintains that position.
As stated in that resolution, the Council supports a downtown locations for the following reasons:
· A downtown location supports the goals and objectives of the Metropolitan
Bakersfield 2010 General Plan to foster multi-modal transportation facilities since
it would be close to the Amtrak Station and a local transit system major transfer
facility;
· A downtown station location will be more accessible to Iow and moderate income
citizens;
· A downtown station location is more compatible with.the efforts to control urban
sprawl;
· A downtown station location will have equal accessibility from all geographic areas
within Metropolitan Bakersfield; and
· A downtown station location will have. greater accessibility to government and other
public service facilities.
The Bakersfield downtown area has been experiencing a re-birth over the last several years. This
is due to both governmental and private sector investment in that area. A downtown location for
the high speed rail station will support those on-going redevelopment efforts.
Recently, the Kern Transportation Foundation completed a study to determine feasible locations
for a high speed rail station in the Bakersfield Metropolitan Area. In the course of that study, they
evaluated seven different possible locations based on several aspects including the possible high
speed rail routes between Bakersfield and Los Angeles. The Foundation's report recommends that
the following three possible station locations be evaluated by the High Speed Rail Authority during
your environmental and preliminary engineering studies. Those locations are
· Seventh Standard Road west of SR99;
· Golden State Boulevard between F Street and M Street; and
· Truxtun Avenue at Union Avenue.
City of Bakersfield · City Manager's Office ° 1501 Truxtun Avenue
Bakersfield · California · 93301
(661) 326-3751 · Fax (661) 852-2050
John Barna 2
High Speed Rail Authority
April 30, 2001
A copy of the Foundation's report is also attached.
While the City of Bakersfield believes that a downtown station would be best situated to serve the
citizens of Bakersfield and Kern County, the City acknowledges that additional Sites should be
studied. The Council concurs with three Foundation recommended sites.
As your staff and consultants study a station location in Bakersfield, our staff will be available to
assist you with any questions that you might have regarding local development standards and
planning policies. Please direct all inquiries to Jack LaRochelle, Interim Public Works Director,
661-326-3724.
Ver~ly your~s,
City Manager
c: Ron Brummett, KernCOG
Dale Hawley, Kern Transportation Foundation
Craig Pope, County of Kem
Jack LaRochelle
S:~PROJECTS~ARNOLD~rlIGH SPEED RAIL~HSR - 04-26_01 .wpd
B A K E R S F I E L D
PUBLIC WORKS DEPARTMENT
TO: ALAN TANDY, City Manager
('~J~CQUES R.
Works Director
FROM: '~/'i'~r Interim Public LaROCHELLE,
DATE: ~/ May2, 2001
SUBJECT: HIGH SPEED RAIL
Council Referral No. WF0018822 / 001 (Ward 4)
Councilmember Couch requested that staff prepare a letter of support to the
California High Speed Rail Authority and direct staff to attend the scoping meeting
scheduled for April 30, 2001.
Staff prepared a letter to the California High-Speed Rail Authority restating the Council's
position supporting a downtown location for the Bakersfield station. A copy of that letter
is attached.
Public Works Department staff attended the Authority's Scoping Meeting on April 30, 2001,
presented that letter as written comments and presented a summary statement as verbal
comments.
G:\GROUPDAT~Referrals\Couch~2001\Ltr_HighSpeedRail_WF0018822 001 .wpd
BAKERSFIELD
Alan Tandy · City Manager
April 30, 2001
John Barna, Deputy Director
California High Speed Rail Authority
925 L Street, Suite 1425
Sacramento, CA 9581.4
RE: High Speed Rail Station Locations in Bakersfield, California
Dear Mr. Barna:
In 1999, the City Council of the City of Bakersfield adopted a resolution supporting a downtown
location for the Bakersfield station on the high speed rail system. A copy of that resolution is
attached. The City Council still maintains that position.
As stated' in that resolution, the Council supports a downtown locations for the following reasons:
· A downtown location supports the goals and objectives of the Metropolitan
Bakersfield 2010 General Plan to foster multi-modal transportation facilities since
it would be close to the Amtrak Station and a local transit system major transfer
facility;
· A downtown station location will be more accessible to Iow and moderate income
citizens;
· A downtown station location is more compatible with.the efforts to control urban
sprawl;
· A downtown station location will have equal accessibility from all geographic areas
within Metropolitan Bakersfield; and
· A downtown station location will have greater accessibility to government and other
public service facilities.
The Bakersfield downtown area has been experiencing a re-birth over the last several years. This
is due to both governmental and private sector investment in that area. A downtown location for
the high speed rail station will support those on-going redevelopment efforts.
Recently, the Kern Transportation Foundation completed a study to determine feasible locations
for a high speed rail station in the Bakersfield Metropolitan Area. In the course of that study, they
evaluated seven different possible locations based on several aspects including the possible high
speed rail routes between Bakersfield and Los Angeles. The Foundation's report recommends that
the following three possible station locations be evaluated by the High Speed Rail Authority during
your environmental and preliminary engineering studies. Those locations are
· Seventh Standard Road west of SR99;
· Golden State Boulevard between F Street and M Street; and
· Truxtun Avenue at Union Avenue.
City of Bakersfield · City Manager% Office · 1501 Truxtun Avenue
Bakersfield · California · 93301
(661) 326-3751 ° Fax (661) 852-2050
John Barna 2
High Speed Rail Authority
April 30, 2001
A copy of the Foundation's report is also attached.
While the City of Bakersfield believes that a downtown station would be best situated to serve the
citizens of Bakersfield and Kern County, the City acknowledges that additional sites should be
studied. The Council concurs with three Foundation recommended sites.
As your staff and consultants study a station location in Bakersfield, our staff will be available to
assist you with any questions that you might have regarding local development standards and
planning policies. Please direct all inquiries to Jack LaRochelle, Intedm Public Works Director,
661-326-3724.
Very~l; .rply your.s,
City Manager
c: Ron Brummett, KernCOG
Dale Hawley, Kern Transportation Foundation
Craig Pope, County of Kern
Jack LaRochelle
S:~ROJECTS~ARNOLD\HIGH SPEED RAIL~-ISR- 04-26_01 .wpd
RECEIVED
3fly MANAGER'S OF~'~.
BAKERSFIELD ..... ~-
PUBLIC WORKS DEPARTMENT
TO: ~ALAN TANDY, CITY MANAGER
~CQUES R. LaROCHELLE,
FROM: ~' INTERIM PUBLIC WORKS DIRECTOR
DATE: ~ April 30, 2001
SUBJECT: NEW STINE ROAD WALL
Informal Council Referral - Ward 5
Councilmember Hanson has requested staff provide an estimate to construct a wall in
the outer median island along New Stine Road from Demaret Avenue to Sundale
Avenue. The attached aerial Photograph shows the limits of the proposed wall. Staff
estimates the construction cost to be $145,000 for the 2,650 lineal feet of wall required
for this segment.
Attachment:
Aerial photograph
c: Theodore D. Wright, Civil Engineer IV
S:\TED~2001memo\04300 lat.wpd
~ CITY MANAGER'S
BAKERSFIELD
PUBLIC WORKS DEPARTMENT
MEMORANDUM
TO: , ALAN TANDY, CITY MANAGER
FROM: (~)~'~CQUES R. LaROCHELLE,
l/ INTERIM PUBLIC WORKS DIRECTOR
DATE: v May 1, 2001
SUBJECT: PG&E LINES ON STOCKDALE
Referral Record # WF0018826 001 - Ward 5
ICouncilmember Hanson requested the status of undergrounding and removal of
PG&E lines on Stockdale Highway at Gosford Road.
Staff discussed the status of the Stockdale Highway Underground District with PG&E's
local representative. PG&E's representative has indicated that the recent bankruptcy
has released the Rule 20A funds, so this under grounding project can go forward.
Incidentally, a part of the under grounding project (Ashe Road and Stockdale Highway)
will be done sooner rather than later as a part of the City's current resurfacing projects.
G:/GROUPDA'r~Referrals/Hanson5/PG&Elines Stockdale WF0018826 001.wpd
BAKERSFIELD
PUBLIC WORKS DEPARTMENT
TO: ~A/LAN TANDY, City Manager
FROM: (~[ JACQUES R. LaROCHELLE,
il' Interim Public Works Director
DATE: May 1, 2001
SUBJECT: CLEANUP ON SOUTH H STREET & WILSON ROAD
Council Referral No. WF00'18836/00'1 (Ward 7)
Vice-Mayor Salvaggio referred to staff cleanup of debris at the northeast corner of
South H Street and Wilson Road (County area).
The debris at the northeast corner of South H Street and Wilson Road has been
removed.
C:\WlNDOWS\TEMP\CleanupSoH_VVilson_VVF0018836 001 .wpd
...... RECEIVED ,
PUBLIC WORKS DEPARTMENT 2!TY MANAGER S O~.~,,-
MEMORANDUM ~
TO: ALAN TANDY, CITY MANAGER
'o INTERIM PUBLIC WORKS DIRECTOR
DATE: April 30, 2001
SUBJECT: UNIMPROVED GAP ON AKERS ROAD - WARD 7
Referral FOLLOW-UP Record # WF0018772 / 001
There is a short segment of roadway along the west side of Akers Road (266 linear feet)just south
of the Arvin-Edison Canal that is currently unimproved. This is the last segment of Akers Road
unimproved between Pacheco Road and Berkshire Road. City staff routinely explore improving
these "gaps" to provide continuity of road and drainage improvements throughout the City,
particularly when it appears that the gap 'is not likely to be improved in the near future by adjacent
development.
This segment is adjacent to an existing residence, and staff has been working for several months
with the property owner/resident to provide street right-of-way dedication to allow Akers Road to
be widened along this segment. Staff has proposed that the resident grant right-of-way in
consideration of the value of the improvements (roadway tie-in, curb and gutter, and sidewalk) the
Citywould construct on the right-of-way. In addition, staffhas proposed extending a sewer pipeline
a short distance and providing laterals to allow connection of the existing residence as well as
possible future residences to sewer service (were the property to be subdivided in the future).
The resident's property is currently located at an elevation below that of existing Akers Road so
that drainage on the resident's property cannot drain out to the street as is the standard for new
subdivisions. Public Works staff, as part of the street improvements adjacent to the residence, has
designed a plan for grading the resident's property so that it could drain to the back of the property
into a shallow sump or dry well. A plan showing the proposed construction has been forwarded
to the resident for his consideration. A copy of the letter sent to the property owner is attached.
As of this date, the property owner has not responded to this letter. Staff contacted the property
owner on April 16, 2001, who said he needed more time to review and analyze the proposal. Staff
has received no further communication from the property owner. It appears to staff that the
property owner has little interest in pursuing the proposal, and accordingly staff recommends that
the issue be brought to City Council for their consideration of undertaking condemnation
proceedings. Vice-Mayor Mark Salvaggio has been following this process and is aware of staff's
recommendation.
Attachment
c: Theodore D. Wright, Civil Engineer IV
S:\TED~2001memo\04300 la_4.wpd
BAKERSFIELD
PUBLIC WORKS DEPARTMENT
1501 TRUXTUN AVENUE
BAKERSFIELD. CALIFORNIA 93301
(661) 326-3724
RAUL M. ROJAS, DIRECTOR · CITY ENGINI~.R
February 27, 2000
Leonard L. Aguirre
P.O. Box 259
Gila Bend, Arizona 85337
RE: PROPOSED ROADWIDENING4917 AKERS ROAD
Dear Mr. Aguirre: : .
Last September, i met you at the referenced location concerning a proposed project to widen
Akers Road. Subsequent to our meeting, the City sent you a letter outlining a proposal to provide
improvements in exchange for the necessary street right of way to widen the road. Recently,
Councilmember Mark Salvaggio contacted you regarding the proposal and you indicated to him
an ongoing concern with drainage of the property, in the event the roadway is widened.
Councilmember Salvaggio asked me to look into this concern and get back with you as to
possible solutions.
A survey was performed on your property to determine how best to deal with drainage. As a
result of the survey, it was determined the only way to properly dispose of drainage waters is the
use ora shallow retention basin or dry well in the back yard area as shown on the attached plan.
Swales would also have to be o~raded to ensure positive drainage.
With respect to the southerly portion of your property, we took the liberty of showing how two
potential lots could be created through a parcel map. Drainage for these lots could be
accomplished in a similar manner as shown on the attached plan. As an alternative, this area
could be built up with fill dirt to provide positive drainage out to the street.
As a result of the survey and drainage concerns, we would like to amend our original proposal to
include provisions for drainage including grading and/or the installation of a dry well. Therefore,
the amended proposal would be as follows:
CITY RESPONSIBILITY
1. Widen Akers Road along your property frontage including curbs, gutte;s, sidewallc, up to
three drive approaches and pavement tie-in.
2. The existing driveway would be modified to conform to the new drive approach.
3. Extend sewer to the north with up to three service laterals to the property line.
4. Grading of yard and/or installation of a dry well to convey storm drainage.
OWNER RESPONSIBILITY
1. Dedicate necessary right of way to facilitate Akers Road widening.
As stated in our previous correspondence, existing utilities are currently stubbed at your south
property line.
Thank you for your consideration of this revised proposal and I look forward to hearing from you
in the very near future. IfI can be of assistance, please do not hesitate to call me at (661) 326-
3596.
Very truly yours,
J/~ae's R. LaRochelle,
/dSI~erim Public Works Director
cc: Mark Salvaggio, Ward 7 Councilmember
Alan Tandy, City Manager
Don Anderson, Senior Real Property Agent
B A K E R S F I E L D
PUBLIC WORKS DEPARTMENT
MEMORANDUM
TO: ALAN TANDY, CITY MANAGER
FROM: ~.~,~ACQUES R. LaROCHELLE,
1~' INTERIM PUBLIC WORKS DIRECTOR
DATE: ~J MAY 4, 2001
SUBJECT: SEWER USER CHARGES
Referral Record # WF0018837 / 002 (Ward 7)
Dual Referral to Budget & Finance Committee (lead) and Public Works Department.
Vice-Mayor Salvaggio requested that the Budget & Finance Committee look into the
issue of 5-year phasing of fees vs. the 3-year phasing in the proposed Revenue
Program and bring back a recommendation to Council at the May 16 meeting.
Salvaggio requested that Public Works Staff provide a copy of the Budget & Finance
Report regarding this issue to Mrs. Carlson who spoke at the hearing.
The Budget & Finance Committee Meeting was held on May 3, 2001. Mrs. Carlson was
in attendance at this meeting and was given copies of all information relating to sewer
user charges.
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